| Revision as of 08:11, 11 June 2010 editHassanyusufmian (talk | contribs)71 edits it was begun by intellectuals and most seraikisare not that closely related to it.also,its main objective is economictruth must be told as it is.word-playing ill-serves the neutrality of the article.← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 09:35, 25 April 2023 edit undoMenoBot (talk | contribs)Bots267,867 editsm Bot: Fixing double redirect to South Punjab ProvinceTags: Redirect target changed Manual revert | ||
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| '''Saraiki nationalist movement''' refers to the efforts to establish a collective identity for the Saraiki ({{lang-ur|سراییکی}}) ethnic group in the ] of ] and to secure an official status for the language and people. As of 2002, there were approximately 30 million ], who were speaking the ], in central Pakistan in the ], ] and ] provinces, mainly based in the former princely state of ]. | |||
| Beginning in the 1960s,Riaz Hashmi Saraiki nationalists have sought to gain language rights and lessen ] control over the natural resources of Siraili lands. This has led to a proposed separate province ], a region being drawn up by activists in the ]s. The ] coup by General ] of Pakistan, a centralist ruler, caused the movement to go underground. After his death in ], the Saraiki movement re-emerged with the goals to have a Saraiki nationality recognised, to have official documents printed in Saraiki, a Saraiki regiment in the ], employment quotas and more Saraiki language radio and television. | |||
| Several parties are working on this mission like ], ], and ]. ] is one of the leaders of the Saraikistan movement. | |||
| ==Aims of Saraiki Movement== | |||
| The Saraiki movement was the combination of ] and efforts to establish a collective identity to convince the Saraikis and others of the status of Saraiki as a separate language distinct from ]. It also aimed to establish Saraikis as a separate nationality by invoking shared awareness of the local past among the people living across the Saraiki region speaking different dialects of the Saraiki language. Consensus on the name Saraiki for all the dialects spoken in the Saraiki region was a part of this reaction. Creation of a Saraiki identity in south-western Punjab involved the deliberate choice of a language called Saraiki, as a symbol of this identity. Language was chosen as a unifying symbol because an ethnic language serves its speakers as an identity marker. It is the only behaviour that carries extensive cultural content. It was chosen also because it was an aspect the leaders thought will serve to unite the group and will be useful in promoting the interests of the group as they define them. | |||
| Like many such movements, the Saraiki movement also started in the name of cultural revival and promotion. Articulation of the economic conflict with the upper ] region later gained prominence after the language identity was established. Factors like geographical, cultural and linguistic differences with Punjabis and the settlement of Punjabis in Saraiki areas before and after the ] on their own do not account for the need of Saraikis to assert their separate identity through the Saraiki movement in the 1960s. What really lay behind it was the lack of development of the Saraiki region which was not voiced in the first phase, ethno-nationalism is generally a response to perceived injustice. In general, the slogans and demands of the Saraiki nationalists have been coupled with linguistic rights and economic grievances, but in the late 1990s and the following decade, the linguistic issue has ceased to have much importance, at least in the eyes of Saraiki political leaders. This is evident in the charter of demands made at the end of a Saraiki conference held in December 2003, in which, out of twenty-one demands made, only one pertained to language. (Daily Khabrain, 2003) | |||
| ==How was the Saraiki Identity Created?== | |||
| "People will redefine themselves when circumstances make it desirable or when circumstances force it on them" . Dorian | |||
| The Saraiki nationalist intellectuals reacted to the a perceived threat to their language and identity and set out to develop an ethno-linguistic consciousness in order to resist the assimilation of their language. The efforts towards this cause were directed towards creating a Saraiki identity. Initially this was done to counter the fear of identity extinction and to get rid of the ‘misleading' label of Punjabis. These endeavors have been termed as the Saraiki movement'. | |||
| Attempts have been made to get the support of the Seraiki speaking middle-class using economic reasoning to support the partition of the punjab on linguistic lines. | |||
| ==Outcome of the Saraiki Movement== | |||
| The Saraiki movement has been successful at some levels. It is responsible for creating a sense of collective identity among the Saraiki speakers even if it has not been successful in forming a pressure group like that of Bengalis, Sindhis, Mohajirs (Urdu speakers) and Pakhtoons . Now the Saraikis are counted as one of the five indigenous nationalities and Saraiki as a distinct language at some official and unofficial levels. Saraiki was also included in the question about languages in the censuses of 1981 and 1998. Despite all this, however, the symbol of language which came out as the most powerful symbol in this movement has not yet acquired much evocative power' . The Saraikis are still not as emotionally attached to their language as the speakers of some other regional languages of Pakistan are. The Saraiki movement helped to give a collective name Saraiki' to different dialects and made people embrace this name for their collective identity but it ultimately failed to influence ordinary Saraikis to take pride in their language or consciously increase its usage in different domains. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| *Saraiki Language and Ethnic Identity by Dr Saiqa Imtiaz Asif. | |||
| http://www.wasaib.com/english-article/seraiki-language-and-ethnic-identity.html | |||
| *http://pak1stanfirst.com/index.php?start=12 | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| * | |||
| {{Nationalism in South Asia}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Saraiki Nationalist Movement}} | |||
| ] | |||
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Latest revision as of 09:35, 25 April 2023
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