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{{short description|French-American microbiologist}}
'''René Jules Dubos''' (1901-1982), was a ]-born ] ], experimental ], ], ], and ]-winning author who exemplified qualities of the modern Renaissance person. He devoted most of his professional life to the empirical study of microbial diseases and to the analysis of the environmental and social factors that affect the welfare of humans. His pioneering research in isolating antibacterial substances from certain soil ] led to the discovery of major antibiotics. He performed groundbreaking research and wrote extensively on a number of subjects, including: ], ], and the mechanisms of ], ], and resistance to infection.
{{Infobox scientist
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|image =René Dubos.jpg
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|caption = René Jules Dubos
|birth_date = {{birth date|1901|02|20|df=yes}}
|birth_place = ], ]<ref name=NYT_Obit/>
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1982|02|20|1901|02|20|df=yes}}
|death_place = ], ], U.S.
|nationality = ], ]
|field = ]
|workplaces = ] (formerly The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research)
|alma_mater = ]
|doctoral_advisor =
|academic_advisors =
|doctoral_students =
|notable_students =
|known_for = Isolation and first successful testing of ]<br>Coining the phrase "]"
|author_abbrev_bot =
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences =
|influenced =
|awards = ] <small>(1941)</small><br>] <small>(1948)</small><br>] for General Nonfiction <small>(1969)</small><br>] <small>(1975)</small><br>] <small>(1976)</small>
|religion =
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'''René Jules Dubos''' (February 20, 1901 &ndash; February 20, 1982) was a French-American ], experimental ], ], ], and winner of the ] for his book '']''.<ref Name="Pulitzer">{{cite web | title = The Pulitzer Prizes: General Nonfiction | website=pulitzer.org | url =http://www.pulitzer.org/bycat/General-Nonfiction | access-date = 2014-10-07 }}</ref> He is credited for having made famous the environmental maxim: "]." Aside from a period from 1942 to 1944 when he was George Fabyan Professor of Comparative Pathology and professor of ] at ] and ], his scientific career was spent entirely at The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, later renamed ].
In later years, Dubos explored the interplay of environmental forces and the physical, mental and spiritual development of mankind. The main tenets of his humanistic philosophy were: global problems are conditioned by local circumstances and choices, social evolution enables us to rethink human actions and change direction to promote an ecologically balanced environment, the future is optimistic since human life and nature are resilient and we have become increasingly aware of the dangers inherent in natural forces and human activities, and we can benefit from our successes and apply the lessons learned to solving other contemporary environmental problems.


==Early life and education==
Rene Jules Dubos was born on February 20, 1901 in the French city of ] in the farming country of the ], north of ]. After graduating from the ] in Paris, he emigrated to the ] and earned his doctoral degree at ] in 1927. His dissertation focused on the manner in which different soil organisms living in different environments decompose cellulose. His observations regarding similar microbes' biological activity living in different environments would later be extended to the debate on global ecological issues. Dubos joined the ] where he spent his entire scientific career with the exception of a two-year period (1942-44) when he was professor of tropical medicine at ] Medical School.
Dubos was born in Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, France, on February 20, 1901, and grew up in Hénonville, another small Île-de-France farming village north of Paris. His parents operated butcher shops in each of these villages.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hirsch |first1=James G. |last2=Moberg |first2=Carol L. |title=Biographical Memoirs, Volume 58 |chapter=René Jules Dubos |url=http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1645&page=133 |year=1989|publisher=National Academies Press|doi=10.17226/1645 |isbn=978-0-309-03938-3 }}</ref> He attended high school and the National Institute of Agronomy in Paris, and he received a Ph.D. from Rutgers University in 1927.<ref name=NYT_Obit>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/02/21/obituaries/rene-dubos-scientist-and-writer-dead.html | work=The New York Times | first=Paul L. | last=Montgomery | title=Rene Dubos, Scientist And Writer, Dead | date=February 21, 1982}}</ref>


==Career==
Dubos’ writings demonstrate how his interest in the environment evolved from a bacterial context to a humanistic and social perspective. His scientific contributions and environmental philosophy are embodied in such works as Bacterial and Mycotic Infections in Man (1948), Biochemical Determinants of Microbial Diseases (1954), Mirage of Health; Utopias, Progress, and Biological Change (1959), ] and Modern Medicine (1960), Man, Medicine, Environment (1968), So Human an Animal (1968; Pulitizer Prize, 1969), and Only One Earth (1972), Wooing of Earth (1980), and Celebrations of Life (1982).
Dubos began his career in microbiology in 1927, when he joined ]'s laboratory<ref>{{cite journal |last=Dubos |first=René |date=November 1, 1956 |title=Oswald Theodore Avery, 1877–1955 |journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society |volume=2 |pages=35–48 |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1956.0003|s2cid=72917685 |doi-access= }}</ref> at The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Avery was looking for a microbe that could break down the polysaccharide capsule of a deadly strain of bacterial pneumonia in the same way that soil bacteria digested decaying organic matter in the woods. Dubos identified a bacterium that secreted an enzyme that broke down polysaccharide.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gramicidin: Ushering in the Scientific Era of Antibiotic Discovery and Therapy |url=http://centennial.rucares.org/index.php?page=Gramicidin |publisher=Rockefeller University Hospital|access-date=2014-10-07}}</ref> In 1939, with the help of Rockefeller Institute biochemist ], Dubos isolated the antibacterial agents ] and ] from the bacterium ''Bacillus brevis'' that killed or inhibited ] and tested their bacterial, chemical, and clinical properties. These antibiotics remain in limited use today. In 1942, before antibiotics were in general use, Dubos warned that bacterial resistance should be expected.<ref>{{cite journal |first=René |last=Dubos |title=Microbiology |journal=Annual Review of Biochemistry |volume=11 |year=1942 |pages=659–678 |doi=10.1146/annurev.bi.11.070142.003303}}</ref>


Dubos devoted most of his professional life to the empirical study of microbial diseases and to the analysis of the environmental and social factors that affect the welfare of humans. His pioneering research in isolating antibacterial substances from certain soil ] led to the discovery of major antibiotics. He performed groundbreaking research and wrote extensively on a number of subjects, including ], ], and the mechanisms of ], ], and ].
He served as chairman of the trustees of the Rene Dubos Center for Human Environment, a non-profit education and research organization, which was dedicated in his honor in 1980. The mission of the Center which was co-founded by ] and ] is to “assist the general public and decision-makers in formulating policies for the resolution of environmental problems and the creation of environmental values.” Dubos remained actively involved in the programs of the Centre and activities until his death in 1982.


In 1948, Dubos shared the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award with ] for "their achievement in studies of the antibiotic properties of soil bacteria".<ref>{{cite web|title=1948 Winners|url=http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/1948basic.htm|website=laskerfoundation.org|access-date=2014-10-07|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011224626/http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/1948basic.htm|archive-date=2014-10-11}}</ref> He was elected to the ] in 1954 and the ] in 1960.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Ren%C3%A9+Dubos&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rene Jules Dubos |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/rene-jules-dubos |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences |language=en}}</ref> A member of the ], he served as an editor of the '']'' from 1946 to 1972.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rene J. Dubos |url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/11994.html |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref>
In 1998 the Rene Dubos Center for Human Environments generously donated a large portion of its environmental library and archives to ]. The collection consists of works by Dubos as well as those of other leading environmental scholars, some of which have been annotated by Dubos himself. According to ], Professor of Philosophy and Coordinator of Pace’s Environmental Studies Program, “Pace now has many of Dubos’ own research books from the Rockefeller University and this means that we can not only look at his writing, but we can also do an analysis of where his ideas come from and what influenced him.”


In later years, Dubos explored the interplay of ] forces and the physical, mental and spiritual development of mankind. The main tenets of his ] ] were: global problems are conditioned by local circumstances and choices, ] enables us to rethink human actions and change direction to promote an ecologically balanced environment, the future is optimistic since human life and nature are resilient and we have become increasingly aware of the dangers inherent in natural forces and human activities, and we can benefit from our successes and apply the lessons learned to solving other contemporary environmental problems.
]


For the academic years 1963–1964 and 1964–1965, he was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Studies of ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wesleyan.edu/libr/schome/FAs/ce1000-137.html |title=Guide to the Center for Advanced Studies and Records, 1958–1969 |publisher=Wesleyan University |access-date=2014-10-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314083709/http://www.wesleyan.edu/libr/schome/FAs/ce1000-137.html |archive-date=2017-03-14 }}</ref> He served as chairman of the trustees of the René Dubos Center for Human Environment, a ] education and research organization that was dedicated in his honor in 1980. The mission of the center, which was co-founded by William and Ruth Eblen, is to "assist the general public and decision-makers in formulating policies for the resolution of environmental problems and the creation of environmental values." Dubos remained actively involved with the Center until his death in 1982. He also served on the board of trustees of Science Service, now known as ], from 1949 to 1952.


===Think Globally, Act Locally===
{{Main|Think Globally, Act Locally}}
Dubos is often attributed as the author of the popular maxim "Think Globally, Act Locally" that refers to the argument that global environmental problems can turn into action only by considering ecological, economic, and cultural differences of our local surroundings. This motto appeared for the first time in 1977,<ref>], « », ''EcoRev'. Revue critique d'écologie politique'', n° 46, été 2018, p. 24.</ref> five years after Dubos served as advisor to the 1972 ].<ref>{{cite book|first=Carol L. |last=Moberg |title=René Dubos, Friend of the Good Earth |year=2005 |publisher=ASM Press |pages=160–163|isbn=1-55581-340-2}}</ref> In 1979, Dubos suggested that ecological consciousness should begin at home. He urged creation of a world order in which "natural and social units maintain or recapture their identity, yet interplay with each other through a rich system of communications". In the 1980s, Dubos held to his thoughts on acting locally, and felt that issues involving the environment must be dealt with in their "unique physical, climatic, and cultural contexts". Dubos's approach to building a resilient and constructive relationship between people and the Earth continues to resonate.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/06/06/a-despairing-optimist-considered-anew/ |access-date=19 April 2018 | work=The New York Times | first=Andrew C. | last=Revkin | title=A 'Despairing Optimist' Considered Anew | date=June 6, 2011 }}</ref>


==Death==
]
He died February 20, 1982, his 81st birthday, due to heart failure.<ref name="nyt-obit">{{cite news |last1=Montgomery |first1=Paul L. |title=RENE DUBOS, SCIENTIST AND WRITER |work=The New York Times |date=21 February 1982 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/02/21/obituaries/rene-dubos-scientist-and-writer-dead.html |access-date=14 November 2018}}</ref> He was survived by his wife, ], who died in 1988.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-08-10 |title=Jean Dubos, 70, Dies; Biological Researcher |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/10/obituaries/jean-dubos-70-dies-biological-researcher.html |access-date=2024-03-16 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
]
]
]
]


==Legacy==
]
*In 1998, the René Dubos Center for Human Environments donated a large portion of its environmental library and archives to ]. The collection consists of works by Dubos as well as those of other leading environmental scholars, some of which have been annotated by Dubos himself. According to Robert Chapman, professor of philosophy and coordinator of Pace's Environmental Studies Program, "Pace now has many of Dubos's own research books from the Rockefeller University, and this means that we can not only look at his writing, but we can also do an analysis of where his ideas come from and what influenced him."
]
*In 1979, the René Dubos Center purchased {{convert|30|acre|m2}} of land in ], with donations from foundations. As a condition of the purchase it agreed to keep the property in a natural state. Nevertheless, in 2002 it attempted to sell the land to developer Michael Cappelli, who planned to develop luxury homes there. The Center filed legal action in 2007 to attempt to complete this transaction; however, New York Attorney General ] opposed the move, and the State Supreme Court ruled against the Center in that year. In 2009, the controversy was resolved when the Center agreed to sell the land to the village of ].<ref>{{cite press release |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Attorney General Cuomo Approves Sale of Rene Dubos Property to Town of Mount Kisco, Protecting Open Space and Water Supply |url=http://www.ag.ny.gov/press-release/attorney-general-cuomo-approves-sale-rene-dubos-property-town-mount-kisco-protecting |publisher=New York State Office of the Attorney General |date=June 4, 2009 |access-date=2014-10-07}}</ref>

==Awards and honors==
* Recipient of the International Center in New York's Award of Excellence.
* Winner of ] for '']'' in 1969

==Books==
*''The Bacterial Cell in its Relation to Problems of Virulence, Immunity and Chemotherapy'', 1945, Harvard University Press
*''Louis Pasteur, Free Lance of Science'', 1950, 1960, Charles Scribner's Sons, Da Capo Press 1986 reprint of 1960 edition: {{ISBN|0-306-80262-7}}
*''The White Plague: Tuberculosis, Man, and Society'', 1952, Little, Brown, and Company, Rutgers University Press 1987: {{ISBN|0-8135-1224-7}}
*''Biochemical Determinants of Microbial Diseases'', 1954, Harvard University Press
*''Man, Medicine, and Environment'', 1968, Praeger
*''Mirage of Health: Utopias, Progress & Biological Change'', 1959, Rutgers University Press 1987: {{ISBN|0-8135-1260-3}}
*''Pasteur and Modern Science'', 1960, Anchor Books, American Society of Microbiology edition with new chapter by ], 1998: {{ISBN|1-55581-144-2}}
*''The Dreams of Reason: Science and Utopias'', 1961 George B. Pegram lectures, Columbia University Press
*''The Unseen World'', 1962, The Rockefeller Institute Press
*''The Torch of Life: Continuity in Living Experience'', 1962, Simon and Schuster, Touchstone 1970 reprint: {{ISBN|0-671-20469-6}}
*''Man Adapting'', 1966, Yale University Press, {{ISBN|0-300-00437-0}}, enlarged edition 1980: {{ISBN|0-300-02581-5}}
*'']: How We Are Shaped by Surroundings and Events'', 1968, Scribner Book Company, Transaction Publishers 1998 edition: {{ISBN|0-7658-0429-8}} (won the 1969 Pulitzer Prize for nonfiction)
*''Reason Awake'', 1970, Columbia University Press, {{ISBN|0-231-03181-5}}
*''Only One Earth: The Care and Maintenance of a Small Planet'', 1972, coauthored with ] and United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, W W Norton & Co, {{ISBN|0-393-06391-7}}
*''A God Within'', 1973, Scribner, {{ISBN|0-684-13506-X}}
*''Of Human Diversity'', 1974, Clark University Press, {{ISBN|0-914206-24-9}}
*''Beast or Angel: Choices That Make Us Human'', 1974, Scribner, hardcover: {{ISBN|0-684-17608-4}}, paperback 1984: {{ISBN|0-684-14436-0}}
*''The Professor, the Institute, and DNA: ], His Life and Scientific Achievements'', 1976, Paul & Company, {{ISBN|0-87470-022-1}}
*''The Wooing of Earth'', 1980, Scribner, {{ISBN|0-684-16501-5}}
*''Quest: Reflections on Medicine, Science, and Humanity'', 1980, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, {{ISBN|0-15-175705-4}}
*''Celebrations of Life'', 1981, McGraw Hill, {{ISBN|0-07-017893-3}}
*''The World of René Dubos: A Collection from His Writings'', 1990, Henry Holt & Co, {{ISBN|0-8050-1360-1}}

===As editor===
*'']'', including authorship of one of its 26 volumes: ''Health and Disease'' (1965), with ]

===Collected papers===
The collected papers of Dubos from 1927 to 1982, including correspondence, lecture notes, book and article drafts, laboratory notebooks, photographs, audio and video cassettes, and films, are stored at the .

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*
*Frank Ryan, M.D., ''The Forgotten Plague: How the Battle Against Tuberculosis Was Won and Lost'', 1992, Little Brown and Company, {{ISBN|0-316-76380-2}} includes chapter on Dubos, puts his work in context of fight against TB.
* (1968)

{{Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction}}
{{Presidents of the American Society for Microbiology|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dubos, Rene}}
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Latest revision as of 06:48, 15 November 2024

French-American microbiologist
René Jules Dubos
René Jules Dubos
Born(1901-02-20)20 February 1901
Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, France
Died20 February 1982(1982-02-20) (aged 81)
New York, New York, U.S.
NationalityFrench, American
Alma materRutgers University
Known forIsolation and first successful testing of natural antibiotics
Coining the phrase "Think globally, act locally"
AwardsE. Mead Johnson Award (1941)
Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (1948)
Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction (1969)
Cullum Geographical Medal (1975)
Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement (1976)
Scientific career
FieldsMicrobiology
InstitutionsThe Rockefeller University (formerly The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research)

René Jules Dubos (February 20, 1901 – February 20, 1982) was a French-American microbiologist, experimental pathologist, environmentalist, humanist, and winner of the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction for his book So Human An Animal. He is credited for having made famous the environmental maxim: "Think globally, act locally." Aside from a period from 1942 to 1944 when he was George Fabyan Professor of Comparative Pathology and professor of tropical medicine at Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health, his scientific career was spent entirely at The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, later renamed The Rockefeller University.

Early life and education

Dubos was born in Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, France, on February 20, 1901, and grew up in Hénonville, another small Île-de-France farming village north of Paris. His parents operated butcher shops in each of these villages. He attended high school and the National Institute of Agronomy in Paris, and he received a Ph.D. from Rutgers University in 1927.

Career

Dubos began his career in microbiology in 1927, when he joined Oswald Avery's laboratory at The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Avery was looking for a microbe that could break down the polysaccharide capsule of a deadly strain of bacterial pneumonia in the same way that soil bacteria digested decaying organic matter in the woods. Dubos identified a bacterium that secreted an enzyme that broke down polysaccharide. In 1939, with the help of Rockefeller Institute biochemist Rollin Hotchkiss, Dubos isolated the antibacterial agents tyrothricin and gramicidin from the bacterium Bacillus brevis that killed or inhibited Gram-positive bacteria and tested their bacterial, chemical, and clinical properties. These antibiotics remain in limited use today. In 1942, before antibiotics were in general use, Dubos warned that bacterial resistance should be expected.

Dubos devoted most of his professional life to the empirical study of microbial diseases and to the analysis of the environmental and social factors that affect the welfare of humans. His pioneering research in isolating antibacterial substances from certain soil microorganisms led to the discovery of major antibiotics. He performed groundbreaking research and wrote extensively on a number of subjects, including tuberculosis, pneumonia, and the mechanisms of acquired immunity, natural susceptibility, and resistance to infection.

In 1948, Dubos shared the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award with Selman Waksman for "their achievement in studies of the antibiotic properties of soil bacteria". He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1954 and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1960. A member of the National Academy of Sciences, he served as an editor of the Journal of Experimental Medicine from 1946 to 1972.

In later years, Dubos explored the interplay of environmental forces and the physical, mental and spiritual development of mankind. The main tenets of his humanistic philosophy were: global problems are conditioned by local circumstances and choices, social evolution enables us to rethink human actions and change direction to promote an ecologically balanced environment, the future is optimistic since human life and nature are resilient and we have become increasingly aware of the dangers inherent in natural forces and human activities, and we can benefit from our successes and apply the lessons learned to solving other contemporary environmental problems.

For the academic years 1963–1964 and 1964–1965, he was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Studies of Wesleyan University. He served as chairman of the trustees of the René Dubos Center for Human Environment, a non-profit education and research organization that was dedicated in his honor in 1980. The mission of the center, which was co-founded by William and Ruth Eblen, is to "assist the general public and decision-makers in formulating policies for the resolution of environmental problems and the creation of environmental values." Dubos remained actively involved with the Center until his death in 1982. He also served on the board of trustees of Science Service, now known as Society for Science & the Public, from 1949 to 1952.

Think Globally, Act Locally

Main article: Think Globally, Act Locally

Dubos is often attributed as the author of the popular maxim "Think Globally, Act Locally" that refers to the argument that global environmental problems can turn into action only by considering ecological, economic, and cultural differences of our local surroundings. This motto appeared for the first time in 1977, five years after Dubos served as advisor to the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. In 1979, Dubos suggested that ecological consciousness should begin at home. He urged creation of a world order in which "natural and social units maintain or recapture their identity, yet interplay with each other through a rich system of communications". In the 1980s, Dubos held to his thoughts on acting locally, and felt that issues involving the environment must be dealt with in their "unique physical, climatic, and cultural contexts". Dubos's approach to building a resilient and constructive relationship between people and the Earth continues to resonate.

Death

He died February 20, 1982, his 81st birthday, due to heart failure. He was survived by his wife, Jean Porter Dubos, who died in 1988.

Legacy

  • In 1998, the René Dubos Center for Human Environments donated a large portion of its environmental library and archives to Pace University. The collection consists of works by Dubos as well as those of other leading environmental scholars, some of which have been annotated by Dubos himself. According to Robert Chapman, professor of philosophy and coordinator of Pace's Environmental Studies Program, "Pace now has many of Dubos's own research books from the Rockefeller University, and this means that we can not only look at his writing, but we can also do an analysis of where his ideas come from and what influenced him."
  • In 1979, the René Dubos Center purchased 30 acres (120,000 m) of land in North Castle, New York, with donations from foundations. As a condition of the purchase it agreed to keep the property in a natural state. Nevertheless, in 2002 it attempted to sell the land to developer Michael Cappelli, who planned to develop luxury homes there. The Center filed legal action in 2007 to attempt to complete this transaction; however, New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo opposed the move, and the State Supreme Court ruled against the Center in that year. In 2009, the controversy was resolved when the Center agreed to sell the land to the village of Mount Kisco, New York.

Awards and honors

Books

  • The Bacterial Cell in its Relation to Problems of Virulence, Immunity and Chemotherapy, 1945, Harvard University Press
  • Louis Pasteur, Free Lance of Science, 1950, 1960, Charles Scribner's Sons, Da Capo Press 1986 reprint of 1960 edition: ISBN 0-306-80262-7
  • The White Plague: Tuberculosis, Man, and Society, 1952, Little, Brown, and Company, Rutgers University Press 1987: ISBN 0-8135-1224-7
  • Biochemical Determinants of Microbial Diseases, 1954, Harvard University Press
  • Man, Medicine, and Environment, 1968, Praeger
  • Mirage of Health: Utopias, Progress & Biological Change, 1959, Rutgers University Press 1987: ISBN 0-8135-1260-3
  • Pasteur and Modern Science, 1960, Anchor Books, American Society of Microbiology edition with new chapter by Thomas D. Brock, 1998: ISBN 1-55581-144-2
  • The Dreams of Reason: Science and Utopias, 1961 George B. Pegram lectures, Columbia University Press
  • The Unseen World, 1962, The Rockefeller Institute Press
  • The Torch of Life: Continuity in Living Experience, 1962, Simon and Schuster, Touchstone 1970 reprint: ISBN 0-671-20469-6
  • Man Adapting, 1966, Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-00437-0, enlarged edition 1980: ISBN 0-300-02581-5
  • So Human an Animal: How We Are Shaped by Surroundings and Events, 1968, Scribner Book Company, Transaction Publishers 1998 edition: ISBN 0-7658-0429-8 (won the 1969 Pulitzer Prize for nonfiction)
  • Reason Awake, 1970, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-03181-5
  • Only One Earth: The Care and Maintenance of a Small Planet, 1972, coauthored with Barbara Ward and United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, W W Norton & Co, ISBN 0-393-06391-7
  • A God Within, 1973, Scribner, ISBN 0-684-13506-X
  • Of Human Diversity, 1974, Clark University Press, ISBN 0-914206-24-9
  • Beast or Angel: Choices That Make Us Human, 1974, Scribner, hardcover: ISBN 0-684-17608-4, paperback 1984: ISBN 0-684-14436-0
  • The Professor, the Institute, and DNA: Oswald T. Avery, His Life and Scientific Achievements, 1976, Paul & Company, ISBN 0-87470-022-1
  • The Wooing of Earth, 1980, Scribner, ISBN 0-684-16501-5
  • Quest: Reflections on Medicine, Science, and Humanity, 1980, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, ISBN 0-15-175705-4
  • Celebrations of Life, 1981, McGraw Hill, ISBN 0-07-017893-3
  • The World of René Dubos: A Collection from His Writings, 1990, Henry Holt & Co, ISBN 0-8050-1360-1

As editor

Collected papers

The collected papers of Dubos from 1927 to 1982, including correspondence, lecture notes, book and article drafts, laboratory notebooks, photographs, audio and video cassettes, and films, are stored at the Rockefeller Archive Center.

References

  1. ^ Montgomery, Paul L. (February 21, 1982). "Rene Dubos, Scientist And Writer, Dead". The New York Times.
  2. "The Pulitzer Prizes: General Nonfiction". pulitzer.org. Retrieved 2014-10-07.
  3. Hirsch, James G.; Moberg, Carol L. (1989). "René Jules Dubos". Biographical Memoirs, Volume 58. National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/1645. ISBN 978-0-309-03938-3.
  4. Dubos, René (November 1, 1956). "Oswald Theodore Avery, 1877–1955". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 2: 35–48. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1956.0003. S2CID 72917685.
  5. "Gramicidin: Ushering in the Scientific Era of Antibiotic Discovery and Therapy". Rockefeller University Hospital. Retrieved 2014-10-07.
  6. Dubos, René (1942). "Microbiology". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 11: 659–678. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.11.070142.003303.
  7. "1948 Winners". laskerfoundation.org. Archived from the original on 2014-10-11. Retrieved 2014-10-07.
  8. "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  9. "Rene Jules Dubos". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  10. "Rene J. Dubos". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  11. "Guide to the Center for Advanced Studies and Records, 1958–1969". Wesleyan University. Archived from the original on 2017-03-14. Retrieved 2014-10-07.
  12. Willy Gianinazzi, « Penser global, agir local. Histoire d'une idée », EcoRev'. Revue critique d'écologie politique, n° 46, été 2018, p. 24.
  13. Moberg, Carol L. (2005). René Dubos, Friend of the Good Earth. ASM Press. pp. 160–163. ISBN 1-55581-340-2.
  14. Revkin, Andrew C. (June 6, 2011). "A 'Despairing Optimist' Considered Anew". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  15. Montgomery, Paul L. (21 February 1982). "RENE DUBOS, SCIENTIST AND WRITER". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  16. "Jean Dubos, 70, Dies; Biological Researcher". The New York Times. 1988-08-10. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-03-16.
  17. "Attorney General Cuomo Approves Sale of Rene Dubos Property to Town of Mount Kisco, Protecting Open Space and Water Supply" (Press release). New York State Office of the Attorney General. June 4, 2009. Retrieved 2014-10-07.

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