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| '''Fédération Anarchiste''' ('''Anarchist Federation''') is an ] federation in France and Belgium. It is a member of the ] since its establishment in ]. | |||
| {{Infobox organization | |||
| | name = Anarchist Federation | |||
| | pronounce = | |||
| | native_name = Fédération anarchiste | |||
| | native_name_lang = fr | |||
| | named_after = | |||
| | image = | |||
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| | logo = Logo Fédération anarchiste.svg | |||
| | logo_size = 125px | |||
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| | abbreviation = FA | |||
| | motto = | |||
| | predecessor = | |||
| | merged = | |||
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| | formation = {{Start date| 1953}} | |||
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| | extinction = <!-- use {{end date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | |||
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| | registration_id = <!-- for non-profit org --> | |||
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| | headquarters = ] | |||
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| | coords = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LON|display=inline, title}} --> | |||
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| | website = {{url|https://federation-anarchiste.org}} | |||
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| }} | |||
| ] | |||
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| ]]] | |||
| '''''Fédération Anarchiste''''' ('''Anarchist Federation''') is an ] federation in France, Belgium and Switzerland. It is a member of the ] since the latter's establishment in 1968. | |||
| == History == | == History == | ||
| The Fédération anarchiste (FA) was founded in Paris on December 2, 1945, and elected ] as its first secretary the next year. It was composed of a majority of activists from |
The ''Fédération anarchiste'' (FA) was founded in Paris on December 2, 1945, and elected ] as its first secretary the next year. It was composed of a majority of activists from a former incarnation of the FA (which supported ]e's ]) and some members of the former Union anarchiste, which backed ] support for the Republican government during the ]. A youth organization of the FA (the Jeunesses libertaires) was also created. | ||
| In 1950, a clandestine group formed within the FA called Organisation Pensée Bataille (OPB), led by Georges Fontenis.<ref name="Anarchiste"></ref> The OPB pushed for a move which saw the FA change its name to the Fédération communiste libertaire (FCL) after the 1953 Congress in Paris, while an article in ''Le Libertaire'' indicated the end of the cooperation with the French ] group led by ]. The FCL regrouped with between 130 and 160 activists. The new decision making process was founded on ]: each person has a right of veto on the orientations of the federation. The FCL published the same year the ''Manifeste du communisme libertaire''. The FCL published its 'workers’ program' in 1954, which was heavily inspired by the CGT's revendications. The ] (ICL), which groups the Italian GAAP, the Spanish Ruta and the ] (MLNA, North African Libertarian Movement), was founded to replace the ], deemed too reformist. The first issue of the monthly '']'', the news organ of the FA which would be published until 1977, came out in October 1954. | |||
| The FA participated to the International Anarchist Congress of ] in 1949, which gathered structured organizations as well as autonomous groups and individuals (from Germany, USA, Bolivia, Cuba, Argentina, Peru and elsewhere). The June 1952 Bordeaux Congress of the FA clearly adopted a communist libertarian orientation, leading to a first split in October. The latter regrouped in ''l'Entente anarchiste, bulletin de relation, d'information, de coordination, et d'étude organisationnelle du mouvement anarchiste'', which first issue is dated October 30, 1952. | |||
| Several groups quit the FCL in December 1955, disagreeing with the decision to present "revolutionary candidates" to the legislative elections. On August 15–20, 1954, the Ve intercontinental plenum of the CNT took place. A group called Entente anarchiste appeared which was formed of militants who didn't like the new ideological orientation that the OPB was giving the FCL seeing it was authoritarian and almost Marxist.<ref>"Si la critique de la déviation autoritaire de la FA est le principal fait de ralliement, on peut ressentir dès le premier numéro un état d'esprit qui va longtemps coller à la peau des anarchistes français. Cet état d'esprit se caractérise ainsi sous une double forme : d'une part un rejet inconditionnel de l'ennemi marxiste, d'autre part des questions sur le rôle des anciens et de l'évolution idéologique de l'anarchisme. C’est Fernand Robert qui attaque le premier : " Le LIB est devenu un journal marxiste. En continuant à le soutenir, tout en reconnaissant qu’il ne nous plaît pas, vous faîtes une mauvaise action contre votre idéal anarchiste. Vous donnez la main à vos ennemis dans la pensée. Même si la FA disparaît, même si le LIB disparaît, l'anarchie y gagnera. Le marxisme ne représente plus rien. Il faut le mettre bas ; je pense la même chose des dirigeants actuels de la FA. L’ennemi se glisse partout."</ref> The FCL lasted until 1956 just after it participated in state legislative elections with 10 candidates. This move alienated some members of the FCL and thus produced the end of the organization.<ref name="Anarchiste"/> | |||
| The FA transformed itself into the Fédération communiste libertaire (FCL) after the 1953 Congress in Paris, while an article in ''Le Libertaire'' indicated the end of the cooperation with the surrealists. The FCL regrouped between 130 to 160 activists. The Entente anarchiste dissolved itself and joined the new FCL, forcing Maurice Joyeux to compromise with the individual anarchists of the Entente. The new decision making process was founded on ]: each person has a right of veto on the orientations of the federation. The FCL published the same year the ''Manifeste du communisme libertaire''. The FCL published its 'workers’ program' in 1954, which was heavily inspired by the CGT's revendications. The ] (ICL), which groups the Italian GAAP, the Spanish ] and the ] (MLNA, North African Libertarian Movement), was founded to replace the ], deemed too reformist. The ICL, however, had only a short life period. The same year, the FCL criticized the "bolchevik" orientation of the federation infiltrated by the secret OPB. The first issue of the monthly '']'', the news organ of the FA which would be published until 1977, came out in October 1954. | |||
| A group of militants who didn't agree with the FA turning into FCL reorganized a new ''Federation Anarchiste'' which was established in December 1953.<ref name="Anarchiste"/> This included those who formed L´Entente anarchiste who joined the new FA and then dissolved L´Entente. The new base principles of the FA were written by ] and Maurice Joyeux which established an organization with a plurality of tendencies and autonomy of federated groups organized around ].<ref name="Anarchiste"/> According to historian Cédric Guérin, "the unconditional rejection of ] became from that moment onwards an identity element of the new Federation Anarchiste" and this was motivated in a big part after the previous conflict with Georges Fontenis and his OPB.<ref name="Anarchiste"/> Also it was decided to establish within the organization a Committee of Relations composed of a General Secretary, a Secretary of Internal Relations, a Secretary of External Relations a Committee of Redaction of ''Le Monde Libertaire'' and a Committee of Administration.<ref name="Anarchiste"/> On 1955 a Commission on Syndicalist Relations was established within the FA as proposed by ] members.<ref name="Anarchiste"/> | |||
| The FCL supported the Algerian people's struggle, making it a target of state repression. Several groups quit the FCL in December 1955, disagreeing with the decision to present "revolutionary candidates" to the legislative elections. The first issue of the monthly Monde libertaire, the news organ of the FA which would be published until 1977, came out in October 1954. On August 15–20, 1954, the Ve intercontinental plenum of the CNT took place. A group of militants who didn´t agree with the FA turning into FCL reorganized a new FA. Several groups quit the FCL in December 1955, disagreeing with the decision to present "revolutionary candidates" to the legislative elections. This scission gave rise to the creation of the GAAR (Groupes anarchistes d'action révolutionnaire) who published until 1970 the Noir et Rouge newspaper. The GAAR in 1961 join the new FA. Famous members of the FA around this time include ], ] and later for a brief time ]. | |||
| In 1968 |
In 1968, the International of Anarchist Federations was founded during an international anarchist conference in ] in 1968 by the three existing European federations of the French FA, the Italian ] and the ] as well as the ]n federation in French exile. | ||
| In the |
In the 1970s the FA evolved into a joining of the principles of both ] and ]. Today the FA is constituted of about one hundred groups around the country.<ref></ref> It publishes the weekly '']'' and runs a radio station called '']''.<ref></ref> | ||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| == External links == | |||
| ] | |||
| {{Commons category|Fédération anarchiste|Anarchist Federation (France)}} | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| == Enlaces externos == | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * , video of the FA | |||
| ] | |||
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Latest revision as of 10:52, 5 April 2024
| Fédération anarchiste | |
 | |
| Abbreviation | FA |
|---|---|
| Formation | 1953 (1953) |
| Headquarters | Paris |
| Official language | French |
| Affiliations | International of Anarchist Federations |
| Website | federation-anarchiste |
Fédération Anarchiste (Anarchist Federation) is an anarchist federation in France, Belgium and Switzerland. It is a member of the International of Anarchist Federations since the latter's establishment in 1968.
History
The Fédération anarchiste (FA) was founded in Paris on December 2, 1945, and elected Georges Fontenis as its first secretary the next year. It was composed of a majority of activists from a former incarnation of the FA (which supported Voline's Synthesis) and some members of the former Union anarchiste, which backed CNT-FAI support for the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War. A youth organization of the FA (the Jeunesses libertaires) was also created.
In 1950, a clandestine group formed within the FA called Organisation Pensée Bataille (OPB), led by Georges Fontenis. The OPB pushed for a move which saw the FA change its name to the Fédération communiste libertaire (FCL) after the 1953 Congress in Paris, while an article in Le Libertaire indicated the end of the cooperation with the French Surrealist group led by André Breton. The FCL regrouped with between 130 and 160 activists. The new decision making process was founded on unanimity: each person has a right of veto on the orientations of the federation. The FCL published the same year the Manifeste du communisme libertaire. The FCL published its 'workers’ program' in 1954, which was heavily inspired by the CGT's revendications. The Internationale communiste libertaire (ICL), which groups the Italian GAAP, the Spanish Ruta and the Mouvement libertaire nord-africain (MLNA, North African Libertarian Movement), was founded to replace the Anarchist International, deemed too reformist. The first issue of the monthly Monde libertaire, the news organ of the FA which would be published until 1977, came out in October 1954.
Several groups quit the FCL in December 1955, disagreeing with the decision to present "revolutionary candidates" to the legislative elections. On August 15–20, 1954, the Ve intercontinental plenum of the CNT took place. A group called Entente anarchiste appeared which was formed of militants who didn't like the new ideological orientation that the OPB was giving the FCL seeing it was authoritarian and almost Marxist. The FCL lasted until 1956 just after it participated in state legislative elections with 10 candidates. This move alienated some members of the FCL and thus produced the end of the organization.
A group of militants who didn't agree with the FA turning into FCL reorganized a new Federation Anarchiste which was established in December 1953. This included those who formed L´Entente anarchiste who joined the new FA and then dissolved L´Entente. The new base principles of the FA were written by Charles-Auguste Bontemps and Maurice Joyeux which established an organization with a plurality of tendencies and autonomy of federated groups organized around synthesist principles. According to historian Cédric Guérin, "the unconditional rejection of marxism became from that moment onwards an identity element of the new Federation Anarchiste" and this was motivated in a big part after the previous conflict with Georges Fontenis and his OPB. Also it was decided to establish within the organization a Committee of Relations composed of a General Secretary, a Secretary of Internal Relations, a Secretary of External Relations a Committee of Redaction of Le Monde Libertaire and a Committee of Administration. On 1955 a Commission on Syndicalist Relations was established within the FA as proposed by anarcho-syndicalist members.
In 1968, the International of Anarchist Federations was founded during an international anarchist conference in Carrara in 1968 by the three existing European federations of the French FA, the Italian Federazione Anarchica Italiana and the Iberian Anarchist Federation as well as the Bulgarian federation in French exile.
In the 1970s the FA evolved into a joining of the principles of both synthesis anarchism and platformism. Today the FA is constituted of about one hundred groups around the country. It publishes the weekly Le Monde libertaire and runs a radio station called Radio libertaire.
See also
References
- ^ Cédric Guerin. "Pensée et action des anarchistes en France : 1950-1970"
- "Si la critique de la déviation autoritaire de la FA est le principal fait de ralliement, on peut ressentir dès le premier numéro un état d'esprit qui va longtemps coller à la peau des anarchistes français. Cet état d'esprit se caractérise ainsi sous une double forme : d'une part un rejet inconditionnel de l'ennemi marxiste, d'autre part des questions sur le rôle des anciens et de l'évolution idéologique de l'anarchisme. C’est Fernand Robert qui attaque le premier : " Le LIB est devenu un journal marxiste. En continuant à le soutenir, tout en reconnaissant qu’il ne nous plaît pas, vous faîtes une mauvaise action contre votre idéal anarchiste. Vous donnez la main à vos ennemis dans la pensée. Même si la FA disparaît, même si le LIB disparaît, l'anarchie y gagnera. Le marxisme ne représente plus rien. Il faut le mettre bas ; je pense la même chose des dirigeants actuels de la FA. L’ennemi se glisse partout."Cédric Guerin. "Pensée et action des anarchistes en France : 1950-1970"
- "Les groupes/liaisons/individuels de la FA" by Federation Anarchiste
- Radio Libertaire