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{{Infobox military unit {{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= Bergbauernhilfe | unit_name = Bergbauernhilfe
|image= | image =
|caption= June, ]. | caption = June 1941
| dates = August 15, 1939
|dates= from late ] to August 15, 1939 - training , until 22 September 1939 – in action
| disbanded = September 28, 1939
|country= {{Flag|Nazi Germany}}
| country =
|allegiance=
| allegiance =
|branch=
| branch =
|type=
| type =
|role=
| role = Never saw action
|size= 200 to 600 (maximum estimation)
| size = 120 men
|command_structure= | command_structure =
|current_commander= | current_commander =
|garrison=
| garrison =
|ceremonial_chief= | ceremonial_chief =
|colonel_of_the_regiment= | colonel_of_the_regiment = Roman Sushko
|patron=
| patron =
|motto=
| motto =
|colours=
| colours =
|march=
| march =
|identification_symbol= | identification_symbol =
|battles= ] 1939
| battles =
|notable_commanders= ]<br> | notable_commanders =
|anniversaries= | anniversaries =
}} }}


'''Bergbauernhilfe''' ('''BBH''')– (“mountain-peasant’s help”) – codename of the ] subversive operations unit composed from the ] members. Take part in Whermacht September 1939 campaign against Poland –with task to instigate uprising at Eastern Poland directed against Jews and Poles. '''Bergbauernhilfe''' ('''BBH''')– ("mountain-peasant’s help") – codename of the ] subversive operations unit of 120 men recruited from the ] members. It was established on August 15, 1939. This unit was disbanded on September 28 of the same year, and Abwehr was ordered to cease contacts with Ukrainian Nationalists with the advent of the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://upa.in.ua/book/?p=34#more-34|title=Про створення, функціонування та складну долю українського військового підрозділу "Нахтігаль" « УКРАЇНСЬКА ПОВСТАНСЬКА АРМІЯ. ІСТОРІЯ НЕСКОРЕНИХ|website=upa.in.ua|accessdate=6 November 2017}}</ref>
Within few days after the September, 17 1939 Soviet Intervention in to Eastern Poland it personnel were recalled and redistributed amongst different ] and ] units in ].<ref>Christian Hartmann and Sergej Slutsch –“Franz Halder und die Kriegsvorbereitungen im Frühjahr 1939. Eine Ansprache des Generalstabschefs des Heeres” at Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte
45. Jahrg., 3. H., Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH Jul., 1997 pp. 494</ref><ref name="Hans Bentzin 2004">Hans Bentzin, «Division Brandenburg — Die Rangers von Admiral Canaris» , 2.Aufl. 2005 (2004), edition ost, Das Neue Berlin Verlagsgesellschaft mbH "</ref><ref name="Tadeusz Piotrowski Poland's Holocaust 1997">Tadeusz Piotrowski Poland's Holocaust: Ethnic Strife, Collaboration with Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, 1918-1947 McFarland & Company (November 1997) ISBN-13: 978-0786403714</ref><ref name="Kyiv 2009. page 255-257">В. Дзьобак Порівняльна характеристика колаборації населення Росії й України в роки радянсько-німецької війни // Сторінки воєнної історії України Випуск 11. - Київ: Інститут історії України НАН України, 2009. - №11. - V.Dzobak Comparison of collaboration population of Russia and Ukraine during the Soviet-German War / Military History of Ukraine Vol 11. - Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, 2009. - № 11. - page 255-257</ref>

==Background==
The ] along with it’s predecessor ] actively collaborated with Germany Military Intelligence Service from early 1920s. Both organizations conduct intelligence and terrorist activities supported by Germans financial and material means at Poland territories.<ref name="Kyiv 2009. page 255-257"/>
==On training==
In late 1938 1938 Abwehr were established training centers for the OUN militants near ] and at ] to prepare a "]" for action against Poland. From the OUN side personnel were under command of the head of OUN military staff Roman Sushko.<ref name="Kyiv 2009. page 256">В. Дзьобак Порівняльна характеристика колаборації населення Росії й України в роки радянсько-німецької війни // Сторінки воєнної історії України Випуск 11. - Київ: Інститут історії України НАН України, 2009. - №11. - V.Dzobak Comparison of collaboration population of Russia and Ukraine during the Soviet-German War / Military History of Ukraine Vol 11. - Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, 2009. - № 11. - page 256</ref>

==Formation==
Details on the creation of the unit (OUN call it “Ukrainian Legion”) were discussed at the Abwehr Colonel Erwin Von Lahausen meetings with Sushko during June 13 - July 3, 1939. The August 15, 1939 Abwehr gave final approval to the establishment of the sabotage unit. Unit operations will be conducted from Slovakia and was code-named «Bergbauernhilfe» («mountain-peasant’s help”) under direct command of the Abwehr II(sabotage and psychological warfare ). While OUN offering to German counterpart creation the Legion of 12 thousand soldiers and 1300 officers, Wehrmacht leaders have rejected such offer as unreal. Actual unit strength were estimated from 200 to 600 militants – depend on source.<ref name="Kyiv 2009. page 256"/>
==In action==
From July 23, 1939 unit personnel were transferred to Poland-Slovak border near Kežmarok- Levoca, High Tatra Mountains.
6–9 September 1939 it crossed Poland-Slovak border and in the rear of the German 57 Division. It moved at the direction to ] – at route ] – Ustrzyki – Lesko – Kyrov
– ] – ].<ref name="Romana Suška 1939">Michal ŠMIGEĽ Ukrajinský legión Romana Suška. Útok zo Slovenska na Poľsko (1939) Slovenská republika (1939–1945) očami mladých historikov IV. Slovensko medzi 14. marcom 1939 a salzburskými rokovaniami. M. Pekár, R. Pavlovič. Prešov: FF PU v Prešove – Universum, 2007, s. 279-292. ISBN 978-80-8068-669-7</ref> September 3 1939 recently appointed OUN leader ] was called to Berlin were he has notified about Germans plans about Eastern Poland. <ref> ПЕРЕД ПОХОДОМ НА СХІД - I(спогади й матеріяли до діяння ОУН у 1939-1941 роках) http://knysh.uaweb.org/pochod-1/r05.html СРІБНА СУРМА. Торонто </ref>

==September 12, 1939 meeting ==
The September 12, 1939 at the ]’s train, shortly before fall of Warsaw – was held a meeting which outlined activities of the OUN at eastern Poland.
* Foreign Minister of the ] ] “… uprising should be staged that all farms and dwelling of the Poles should go up in flames, and all Jews be killed.” <ref>http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/NT_major-war-criminals.html IMT Vol II p.448</ref>
*] ]: “You, Canaris, have to promote an uprising with the aid of the Ukrainian organizations which are working with you and which have same objectives, namely, the Poles and the Jews.”
<ref>http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/NT_major-war-criminals.html IMT Vol III p.21</ref>
* Colonel ] (head of Abwehr Division I) : “…Organizations of National Ukrainians with which Amt Abwehr cooperated along military lines, and which were to bring about an uprising in Poland, an uprising which aimed exterminate the Poles and Jews…” <ref>http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/NT_major-war-criminals.html IMT Vol II p.478</ref>
September 15, 1939 admiral ]- head of the Abwehr, noted at his diary
about the Hitler’s intent to create an “independent Galician and Polish Ukraine”. After appearance of such “state” Canaris should initiate a “a revolt can be incited trough OUN which would aim at the destruction of the Poles and Jews”.
<ref name="Tadeusz Piotrowski Poland's Holocaust 1997"/><ref>http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/NT_Nazi-conspiracy.html Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Office of the United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality Nuremberg, Germany (1945—1946) Vol.V p 768 I would have to make to make such preparations with the Ukrainians … a revolt can be incited trough… OUN which would aim at the destruction of the Poles and Jews</ref>

==In Eastern Poland==

Due the nature of the unit – there no clear information about it activities exist.
From the memoirs of the units personnel it’s known that some of subunits reached ], while other operated at several others Eastern Poland areas. <ref>В. Дзьобак Порівняльна характеристика колаборації населення Росії й України в роки радянсько-німецької війни // Сторінки воєнної історії України Випуск 11. - Київ: Інститут історії України НАН України, 2009. - №11. - V.Dzobak Comparison of collaboration population of Russia and Ukraine during the Soviet-German War / Military History of Ukraine Vol 11. - Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, 2009. - № 11. - page 256</ref><ref> ПЕРЕД ПОХОДОМ НА СХІД - I
(спогади й матеріяли до діяння ОУН у 1939-1941 роках)
http://knysh.uaweb.org/pochod-1/r05.html СРІБНА СУРМА. Торонто </ref>
It’s also known that the head of the Abwehr - admiral Wilhelm Franz Canaris – moved to ] – but unexpected Soviet intervention and Hitler’s Order abrupt his planned activities in Eastern Poland. <ref> http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/NT_Nazi-conspiracy.html Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Office of the United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality Nuremberg, Germany (1945—1946) Vol.V p 768-776 </ref>


==Reorganization==
By the beginning of the December 1939 unit was disbanded. It’s personnel were redistributed amongst different ] and ] units in ].<ref name="Romana Suška 1939"/>
==See also==
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==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}


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Latest revision as of 20:44, 14 September 2024

Bergbauernhilfe
ActiveAugust 15, 1939
DisbandedSeptember 28, 1939
RoleNever saw action
Size120 men
Commanders
Colonel of
the Regiment		Roman Sushko
Military unit

Bergbauernhilfe (BBH)– ("mountain-peasant’s help") – codename of the Abwehr II subversive operations unit of 120 men recruited from the OUN members. It was established on August 15, 1939. This unit was disbanded on September 28 of the same year, and Abwehr was ordered to cease contacts with Ukrainian Nationalists with the advent of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.

References

  1. "Про створення, функціонування та складну долю українського військового підрозділу "Нахтігаль" « УКРАЇНСЬКА ПОВСТАНСЬКА АРМІЯ. ІСТОРІЯ НЕСКОРЕНИХ". upa.in.ua. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
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