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{{short description|Soviet Union government department}}
The '''People's Commissariat for Finance''' ({{lang-ru|Народный комиссариат финансов}} – ''Narodnyi komissariat finansov'', or shortly Narkomfin) was formed in 1917 following the ] seizure of power.
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name = Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR
| nativename = Министерство финансов РСФСР
| logo = COA Russian SFSR.svg
| logo_size = 150
| logo_caption = ]
| formed = {{start date and age|df=y|1917|11|8}}
| minister1_name =
| minister1_pfo =
| dissolved = {{start date and age|df=y|1991|11|15}}
| superseding = Ministry of Economics and Finance of the ] (1991), ] of the Russian Federation (1992)
| jurisdiction = ]
| headquarters = ], ], ]
| employees =
| budget =
}}


The ] was adopted on July 10, 1918, formalising Narkomfin as handling the finances of the ]. Following the ], signed on 6 July 1923 the People's Commissariat for Finance of the ] became that of the ]. The '''Ministry of Finance of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic''' ({{langx|ru|Министерство финансов РСФСР}}), known prior to 1946 as the '''People's Commissariat for Finance''' ({{langx|ru|Народный комиссариат финансов}}), or shortened to '''Narkomfin''', was part of the government of the ] from 1918 until the ] in 1991. It was subordinate to the ].


==History== ==History==
The Narkomfin commissar was part of ]. ] was the first commissar, appointed in 1918. However, following the introduction of the ], Narkomfin was made responsible for ],<ref> accessed 26 July 2008</ref> the State Bank of the RSFSR and then the ]. On 26 November 1921, ] issued a note calling for the appointment of ], who took control of the organisation in 1922, although his formal position was not ratified until December 1922.<ref> accessed 26 July 2008</ref>
] | publisher = Academy Edition | year = 1985 | volume = | pages = 71 | url = http://books.google.no/books?id=ru5PAAAAMAAJ&q | isbn = }}</ref>]]
The People's Commissariat for Finance of the RSFSR (Narkomfin) was established by a decree of the II convocation of the ] on {{OldStyleDate|8 November|1917|26 October}} and was a part of ]. ] was the first Commissar, appointed in 1917. However, following the introduction of the ], Narkomfin was made responsible for ],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbr.ru/eng/today/history/gosbank.asp|title=The State Bank of the USSR|publisher=]|language=|accessdate=26 July 2008}}</ref> the State Bank of the RSFSR and, then, the ]. On 26 November 1921, ] issued a note calling for the appointment of ], who took control of the organisation in 1922, although his formal position was not ratified until November 1922<ref> accessed 26 July 2008</ref> In 1946 the ] was renamed ], hence, the People's Commissariat for Finance was renamed ].<ref>{{Harnvb|Huskeu|1992|p=146|ref=LCitSU1992}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | author = Law, David A. | title = Russian civilization | location = | publisher = Ardent Media | year = 1975 | volume = | pages = 185 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=f3ky9qBavl4C&dq | isbn = 0842205292 }}</ref>


In 1946, the People's Commissariat for Finance was ] and renamed into the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR.
The ] took over the responsibilities of ]'s ].<ref>{{Harnvb|Huskeu|1992|p=130|ref=LCitSU1992}}</ref> During its early days, the main task of the People's Commissariat of Finance were: ], robbery and ]; printing and creating money; and ].<ref name="hundredthirtyone">{{Harnvb|Huskeu|1992|p=131|ref=LCitSU1992}}</ref>


After the failed ], ] and the RSFSR Ministry of Finance claimed authority over the ], the ], and ]. These Soviet institutions could not carry out any orders without the consent of the RSFSR Ministry of Finance.{{sfn|Huskey|1992|p=131}} The Ministry of Finance of the USSR continued functioning until the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR issued a decree completing its takeover of the Soviet financial system.{{sfn|Huskey|1992|p=136}} The RSFSR Ministry of Finance was succeeded by the Ministry of Economics and Finance of the ] (1991), and the ] of the Russian Federation (1992).<ref name="libr" />
In the ] (RSFSR), and later the USSR, confiscating property or the forcible taking of resources was the primary means of which the government supported their own operations. After the ] of the 1920s, printing of money nearly ceased, and confiscation of goods became harder; after years of confiscating there was simply not enough property left to fund government operations anymore. Therefor, the primary means of which to yield ] became taxation.<ref name="hundredthirtyone"/>

In the 1928 the ] on the orders of the ], started a building project which would ] employees of the People's Commissariat for Finance, it was therefor known under the name ]. The building was designed by ] and ], the building has posthumously become a well-known example of Soviet ]. The building was constructed to give a ] feel to its inhabitants. When the building was finished in 1932, it was denounced as a remnant of "leftist utopianism" by ]'s regime. Unlike many other Soviet constructivist buildings, there is an ongoing campaign to save it.<ref>{{cite book | author = ] | title = Militant Modernism | publisher = O Books | year = 2009 | volume = | pages = 54–5 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=snS75NLRUg8C&dq | isbn = 1846941768 }}</ref>


==Commissars and ministers== ==Commissars and ministers==
{| class="wikitable"
], arrested and executed in 1938, during the ]]]
! Name !! Took office !! Left office
The following persons headed the Commissariat/Ministry as commissars (narkoms), ministers, and deputy ministers of the Soviet time:<ref name=libr>{{Cite book|editor-first=V.I.|editor-last=Ivkin|title=Государственная власть СССР. Высшие органы власти и управления и их руководители. 1923—1991 гг. Историко-биографический справочник|trans_title=State Power of the USSR. Supreme Organs of Power and Administration, and Their Heads. 1923-1991. Historical and Biographical Handbook|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/Persons/000/Src/0000/index.shtml|accessdate=29 September 2010|year=1999|publisher=Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN)|location=Moscow|language=Russian|isbn=5-8243-0014-3|pages=639}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bonistika.net/library.php?par=3&id=453|title=Руководители главного банка страны с 1860 г. до наших дней (окончание)|work=Articles|publisher=Notaphily Club|language=Russian|trans_title=Heads of the main bank of the country since 1860 till these days (end)|accessdate=29 September 2010}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Name !! Took office !! Left office !! Duration
|- |-
!colspan=4|People's Commissar for Finance of the RSFSR (Narkom) ! colspan="4" | People's Commissar for Finance of the RSFSR
|- |-
| ]
| {{sortname|Ivan|Skvortsov-Stepanov}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1917|10|27}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1917|10|30}} || {{age in years and days|1917|10|27|1917|10|30}}
| 27 October 1917
| 30 October 1917
|-
| ]
| 30 October 1917
| 21 March 1918
|-
| ]
| 21 March 1918
| 16 August 1918
|-
| ]
| 16 August 1918
| 22 November 1922
|- |-
| ]
| {{sortname|Vyacheslav|Menzhinsky}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1917|10|30}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1918|3|21}} || {{age in years and days|1917|10|30|1918|3|21}}
| 22 November 1922
| 6 July 1923
|-
| ]
| 6 July 1923
| November 1924
|-
| ]
| December 1924
| December 1929
|-
| ]
| January 1930
| September 1937
|-
| ]<!-- Василий Фёдорович Попов -->
| February 1938
| 20 April 1939
|-
| ]
| 21 April 1939
| September 1939
|-
| ]
| October 1939
| 28 March 1941
|-
| ]
| 28 March 1941
| 18 July 1945
|- |-
| ]
| {{sortname|Isidore|Gukovsky}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1918|3|21}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1918|8|16}} || {{age in years and days|1918|3|21|1918|8|16}}
| 18 July 1945
| 23 March 1946
|- |-
! colspan="4" | Minister of Finance of the RSFSR
| {{sortname|Nikolay|Krestinsky}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1918|8|16}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1922|11|22}} || {{age in years and days|1918|8|16|1922|11|22}}
|- |-
| ]
| {{sortname|Grigory|Sokolnikov}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1922|11|22}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1923|7|6}} || {{age in years and days|1922|11|22|1923|7|6}}
| 23 March 1946
| July 1949
|- |-
| ]
!colspan=4|People's Commissar for Finance of the USSR
| September 1949
| March 1973
|- |-
| ]
| {{sortname|Grigory|Sokolnikov}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1923|7|6}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1926|1|16}} || {{age in years and days|1923|7|6|1926|1|16}}
| March 1973
| 10 May 1990
|- |-
| ]
| {{sortname|Nikolai|Bryukhanov}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1926|1|16}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1930|10|18}} || {{age in years and days|1926|1|16|1930|10|18}}
| 18 July 1990
|-
| 5 December 1990
| {{sortname|Hryhoriy|Hrynko}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1930|10|18}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1937|8|16}} || {{age in years and days|1930|10|18|1937|8|16}}
|-
| {{sortname|Vlas|Chubar}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1937|8|16}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1938|1|19}} || {{age in years and days|1937|8|16|1938|1|19}}
|-
| {{sortname|Arseny|Zverev}} (1st) || {{dts|format=dmy|1938|1|19}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1946|3|15}} || {{age in years and days|1938|1|19|1946|3|15}}
|- |-
| ]
| 5 December 1990
| 11 November 1991
|} |}

== See also ==
* ] – ]
** ]


==References== ==References==
'''Notes'''
{{reflist}}
{{reflist
| refs =

<ref name="libr">
{{cite book|editor-first=V.I.|editor-last=Ivkin|script-title=ru:Государственная власть СССР. Высшие органы власти и управления и их руководители. 1923—1991 гг. Историко-биографический справочник|trans-title=State Power of the USSR. Supreme Organs of Power and Administration, and Their Heads. 1923–1991. Historical and Biographical Handbook|url=http://www.az-libr.ru/Persons/000/Src/0000/index.shtml|access-date=29 September 2010|year=1999|publisher=Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN)|location=Moscow|language=ru|isbn=5-8243-0014-3|pages=639
}}
</ref>

}}

'''Bibliography'''
* {{cite book | last = Huskey | first = Eugene | title = Executive power and Soviet politics: the rise and decline of the Soviet state | publisher = M.E. Sharpe | year = 1992 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=mKcazy5JDCgC&dq | isbn = 978-1-56324-059-1 | pages = 281 }}

{{Finance ministers of RSFSR}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Finance}}
]
]

Latest revision as of 16:38, 2 November 2024

Soviet Union government department

Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR
Министерство финансов РСФСР
Emblem of the Russian SFSR
Agency overview
Formed8 November 1917; 107 years ago (1917-11-08)
Dissolved15 November 1991; 33 years ago (1991-11-15)
Superseding agency
JurisdictionRussian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
HeadquartersMoscow, RSFSR, Soviet Union

The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian: Министерство финансов РСФСР), known prior to 1946 as the People's Commissariat for Finance (Russian: Народный комиссариат финансов), or shortened to Narkomfin, was part of the government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 until the fall of the USSR in 1991. It was subordinate to the Ministry of Finance of the USSR.

History

The Narkomfin commissar was part of Sovnarkom. Nikolai Krestinsky was the first commissar, appointed in 1918. However, following the introduction of the New Economic Policy, Narkomfin was made responsible for Gosbank, the State Bank of the RSFSR and then the Soviet Union. On 26 November 1921, Lenin issued a note calling for the appointment of Grigory Sokolnikov, who took control of the organisation in 1922, although his formal position was not ratified until December 1922.

In 1946, the People's Commissariat for Finance was transformed and renamed into the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR.

After the failed August Coup of 1991, Boris Yeltsin and the RSFSR Ministry of Finance claimed authority over the Ministry of Finance of the USSR, the Gosbank, and Vnesheconombank. These Soviet institutions could not carry out any orders without the consent of the RSFSR Ministry of Finance. The Ministry of Finance of the USSR continued functioning until the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR issued a decree completing its takeover of the Soviet financial system. The RSFSR Ministry of Finance was succeeded by the Ministry of Economics and Finance of the Russian Federation (1991), and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation (1992).

Commissars and ministers

Name Took office Left office
People's Commissar for Finance of the RSFSR
Ivan Skvortsov-Stepanov 27 October 1917 30 October 1917
Vyacheslav Menzhinsky 30 October 1917 21 March 1918
Isidore Gukovsky 21 March 1918 16 August 1918
Nikolay Krestinsky 16 August 1918 22 November 1922
Grigori Sokolnikov 22 November 1922 6 July 1923
Miron Vladimirov 6 July 1923 November 1924
Nikolay Milyutin December 1924 December 1929
Varvara Yakovleva January 1930 September 1937
Vasily Popov February 1938 20 April 1939
Mikhail Umnov 21 April 1939 September 1939
Arseny Safronov October 1939 28 March 1941
Alexei Poskonov 28 March 1941 18 July 1945
Arseny Safronov 18 July 1945 23 March 1946
Minister of Finance of the RSFSR
Arseny Safronov 23 March 1946 July 1949
Ivan Fadeev September 1949 March 1973
Andrei Bobrovnikov March 1973 10 May 1990
Boris Fyodorov 18 July 1990 5 December 1990
Igor Lazarev 5 December 1990 11 November 1991

See also

References

Notes

  1. The State Bank of the USSR accessed 26 July 2008
  2. Between right and left: Grigorii Yakovlevich Sokolnikov and the development of the Soviet state, 1921–1929 accessed 26 July 2008
  3. Huskey 1992, p. 131.
  4. Huskey 1992, p. 136.
  5. Ivkin, V.I., ed. (1999). Государственная власть СССР. Высшие органы власти и управления и их руководители. 1923—1991 гг. Историко-биографический справочник [State Power of the USSR. Supreme Organs of Power and Administration, and Their Heads. 1923–1991. Historical and Biographical Handbook] (in Russian). Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN). p. 639. ISBN 5-8243-0014-3. Retrieved 29 September 2010.

Bibliography

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Ministers of Finance of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
People's Commissars
for Finance (1917–1946)
Ministers of Finance
(1946–1991)
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