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{{For|the ] bloc party|National Democratic Party of Germany (East Germany)}}


{{Redirect category shell|
{{Infobox political party
{{R from move}}
|country=Germany
|party_name=National Democratic Party of Germany - The People's Union
|native_name = Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands – Die Volksunion
|party_logo = ]
|colorcode=brown
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|foundation = last year or ehh.....ehm....whatever........
|ideology = ]<ref>{{cite book|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Germany|title=Verfassungsschutzbericht 2009,.Vorabfassung|year=2010|url=http://verfassungsschutz.de/download/de/publikationen/verfassungsschutzbericht/vsbericht_2009/vsbericht2009.pdf|page=66|quote=Der völkische Nationalismus als ideologische Richtschnur prägt die Herangehensweise an die unterschiedlichen Themen und Arbeitsfelder.}}</ref><br />]<br />
|position = ]<ref>http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4561154,00.html</ref>
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The '''National Democratic Party of Germany – The People's Union''' ({{lang-de|Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands – Die Volksunion}}, NPD), is a ] German ] party. -AM A SOCK PUPET OF CHAOSNAME ,which is banned HA HA !!!!-It was founded in 1964 a successor to the ] ({{lang-de|Deutsche Reichspartei}}, DRP). Party statements self-identify as Germany's "''only significant patriotic force''".<ref>{{cite book|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Germany|title=Verfassungsschutzbericht 2009, Vorabfassung|year=2010|url=http://verfassungsschutz.de/download/de/publikationen/verfassungsschutzbericht/vsbericht_2009/vsbericht2009.pdf|page=94|quote=Das NPD-Präsidium bezeichnete in einer Stellungnahme vom 28. September 2009 die eigene Partei als nunmehr "einzige ernstzunehmende nationale Kraft" .}}<!-- Translating "national" as "patriotic".--></ref> On 1 January 2011 the far right ] ({{lang-de|Deutsche Volksunion}}) merged with the NPD, and the party name of the National Democratic Party of Germany was extended by the addition of 'The People's Union'.<ref name="npd.de">http://www.npd.de/html/1/artikel/detail/1933/</ref>

It has been described as "''the most significant ] party to emerge after 1945''".<ref> Peter Davies, Derek Lynch, , Psychology Press, 2002, pg. 315</ref> The party is often described as a ] organization.<ref name = "NPD">{{cite web
| title = Neo-Nazi NPD party takes hold in municipal vote in Saxony
| url = http://www.thelocal.de/politics/20080609-12381.html
| publisher =
| date = 9 Jun 08
| accessdate = June 10, 2009
| quote =The neo-Nazi NPD party has representatives in every county council in the eastern German state of Saxony after it increased its share of the vote in municipal elections on Sunday.
}}</ref><ref name = "NPD2">{{cite web
| title = Neo-Nazis push into town councils
| url = http://www.thelocal.de/politics/20090609-19809.html
| publisher =
| date = 9 Jun 09
| accessdate = June 10, 2009
| quote =The neo-Nazi NPD party is entering several German city parliaments for the first time after this weekend’s local elections, news magazine Der Spiegel reported on Monday.
}}</ref><ref name="damagepoll">
{{cite web
| title = Poll shows majority of Germany believe NPD to be non-democratic and damaging to Germany's image
| url = http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/0,1518,438528,00.html
| publisher =
| date = 22 Sep 06
| accessdate = July 21, 2009}}</ref><ref name = "Neonazis in der NPD auf dem Vormarsch">{{cite web
| title = Neonazis in der NPD auf dem Vormarsch
| url = http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/550/469109/text/
| publisher =
| date = 19 May 2009
| accessdate = August 23, 2009
| quote = Das neonazistische Spektrum hat seinen Einfluss innerhalb der NPD ausgebaut.
}}</ref><ref name = "Neonazis kooperieren mit der NPD ">{{cite book
| title = Verfassungsschutzbericht 2008
| url = http://www.verfassungsschutz.de/de/publikationen/verfassungsschutzbericht/
| publisher =
| date = May 2009
| accessdate = August 23, 2009
| page = 51
| quote = Auch 2008 ist es in der Kooperation zwischen der NPD und der Neonazi-Szene zu erheblichen Spannungen gekommen.
}}</ref> The German Federal Agency for Civic Education, or BPB, has criticized the NPD for working with members of organizations which the federal courts later found to be unconstitutional and were disbanded.<ref name = "Rechtsextremismus">{{cite web
| title = Rechtsextremismus
| url = http://www.bpb.de/themen/CNCDW9,79,0,Glossar.html
| publisher = Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung
| date = 2006 - 2008
| accessdate = August 23, 2009
| quote = Auch zeigte sich die NPD nun bereit, mit radikalen Kräften aus dem parteiungebundenen Spektrum zusammenzuarbeiten. Formal gilt nach wie vor ein Unvereinbarkeitsbeschluss der NPD-Mitgliedschaft mit der Mitgliedschaft in verbotenen Gruppierungen. Faktisch jedoch setzt sich die NPD mit ihrer Strategie bewusst über die offizielle Verlautbarung hinweg. Die NPD wolle in Zukunft mit denjenigen zusammenzuarbeiten, die dazu bereit seien, "als politische Soldaten zu denken und zu handeln", so die neue Strategie.
}}</ref><ref name = "zusammenspiel zwischen NPD und Neonazis">{{cite web
| title = Zusammenspiel zwischen NPD und Neonazis im niedersächsischen Landtagswahlkampf
| url = http://www.verfassungsschutzgegenrechtsextremismus.de/de/aktuelles/news-detailansicht/artikel/11/zusammenspiel-zwischen-npd-und-neonazis-im-niedersaechsischen-landtagswahlkampf.html
| publisher = Landesamt für Verfassungsschutz Bremen
| date = 30 November 2007
| accessdate = August 2, 2009
| quote = Die Kooperation zwischen der NPD und den Freien Nationalisten (Angehörige von neonazistischen Kameradschaften) prägt das Auftreten der Partei im niedersächsischen Landtagswahlkampf. Bekannte Neonazis treten für die NPD als Direktkandidaten an, z.B. Dennis BÜHRIG in Bergen, Klaus HELLMUND in Celle, Mathias BEHRENS in Soltau oder Dieter RIEFLING in Hildesheim.}}</ref> The German federal intelligence agency, the ], classifies the NPD as a "threat to the constitutional order" because of its ], and it is under their observation.<ref name=aust>. ''''. Published April 8, 2009.</ref> The NPD rejects this depiction, calls it an attempt to discredit their politics and states that they stand for the interests of the German people and for the German state.<ref></ref>

It is currently represented in two of Germany's sixteen state parliaments with no seats at the federal level. ] has led the NPD since 1996.<ref name=aust/>

==Platform and philosophy==

], leader of the NPD, standing in front of a banner depicting ]. Hess is considered a martyr by the NPD.<ref></ref>]]
The NPD's political philosophy coincides with the notion of a ], an idea which developed amidst criticisms of both ] and ]. The NPD also endorses certain beliefs about human nature. NPD leader ] states that the philosophy of the NPD differs from both communism and ] in that it acknowledges people as unequal products of their societies and environments, largely governed by what is called ]. Voigt states that the party is also influenced by the views of modern ] such as ] and ].

The NPD calls itself a party of "grandparents and grandchildren" because the ] in Germany, known for the leftist ], strongly opposes the NPD's policies. The NPD's economic program promotes ] for Germans and control against ], but it does not oppose ]. Voigt has demanded the "dismantling" of the "liberal-capitalist system".<ref></ref>

The NPD argues that ] fails to represent the interests and needs of ]an people. The party considers the ] to be little more than a reorganisation of a ]-style Europe along financial lines.<ref>NPD party programme (in German) http://npd.de/medien/pdf/parteiprogramm.pdf</ref> Although highly critical of the EU, as long as Germany remains a part of it, the NPD opposes ] into the organisation. Voigt envisions future collaboration and continued friendly relations with other nationalists and European national parties.

The NPD's platform says that Germany is larger than the present-day Federal Republic, and calls for revision of the post-war border concessions.<ref>Party program, p. 13. ("Deutschland ist größer als die Bundesrepublik! ... Wir fordern die Revision der nach dem Krieg abgeschlossenen Grenzanerkennungsverträge.")</ref> At one point, a map of Germany was shown on the party website omitting the border that divides Germany from ]. The NPD also failed to color in the ], the border which established the limits of federal Germany to the east and was agreed upon with ] in 1990.<ref> on NPD's website http://www.npd.de</ref>

The 2005 report of the ] federal agency contains the following description:
<blockquote>"The party continues to pursue a "people's front" of the nationals the NPD, ], and forces not attached to any party, which is supposed to develop into a base for an encompassing "German people's movement". The aggressive agitation of the NPD unabashedly aims towards the abolition of ] and the ], although the use of violence is currently still officially rejected for tactical reasons. Statements of the NPD document an essential affinity with ]; its agitation is ], ], ], and intends to disparage the democratic and lawful order of the constitution."<ref></ref></blockquote>

The historian ] however has written that the NPD cannot be classified as a neo-Nazi party.<ref name="Laqueur, Walter p. 110"></ref>

==International connections==
] ].]]
Voigt has held meetings with various proponents of ], including ] politician ].<ref>{{cite web | author = David Duke | title = My Awakening: A Path to Racial Understanding | publisher = Free Speech Press | url = http://shop.davidduke.com/cgi-bin/dukecat/00088.html | accessdate = 2007-09-17}}</ref> In 2009, ] said that the NPD supports ] and the Russian point of view in the ].<ref></ref>

==History==
===Early history===
The NPD achieved success in the late 1960s, winning local government seats across West Germany. In 1966 and 1967, it won 15 seats in ], 10 in ], 8 in ], and several other seats. However, it did not then and has never since received the minimum 5% of votes in federal elections that allow a party to send delegates to the ]. The NPD came the closest to that goal in the 1969 election, when it got 4.3 percent of the vote. An economic downturn, frustrations with the emerging leftist youth counter-culture and the emergence of a ] between the ] ] (CDU), the ] (the CDU's present-day sister party), and the ] ] (SPD) helped pave the way for those NPD gains. The coalition government had created a vacuum in the traditional ], which the NPD had tried to fill.<ref name=wesley>{{Cite book|first=Wesley D.|last=Chapin|title=Germany for the Germans?|year=1997|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|pages=70–73|isbn=0313302588}}</ref>

Yet, when the coalition fell apart, around 75 percent of those who had voted for the NPD drifted back to the center-right. During the 1970s, the NPD went into decline, suffering from an internal split over failing to get into the ]. The issue of ] spurred a small rebound in popular interest from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s, but the party only saw limited success in various local elections.<ref name=wesley/>

===Recent history===
====Electoral history====

In the ] in ], the NPD won 9.2% of the overall vote. The NPD currently sends 8 representatives to the Saxony state parliament, the '']'', having lost 4 representatives in the 2009 elections. The NPD maintained a non-competition agreement with the ] (DVU) between 2004 and 2009. The third white nationalist-oriented party, ] (REP), has so far refused to join this agreement. However, ], a local representative of the Republicans in Saxony, sabotaged her party's registration to help the NPD in the Saxony election.<ref>Kerstin Lorenz, ehem. Landeschefin der Republikaner in Sachsen, tritt in die NPD ein! http://www.wno.org/newpages/par46b.html</ref>

In the ], the NPD received 1.6 percent of the vote nationally. It garnered the highest percent of votes in the states of ] (4.9 percent), ] (3.7 percent), ] (3.5 percent) and ] (3.2 percent). In most other states, the party won around 1 percent of the total votes cast. In the ], the NPD received 7.3% of the vote and thus achieved state representation there, as well.<ref></ref>

The NPD had 5,300 registered party members in 2004.<ref></ref> Over the course of 2006, the NPD processed roughly 2,000 party applications to push the membership total over 7,200. In 2008, the trend of a growing number of members has been reversed and NPD's membership is estimated at about 7000.<ref name = " NPD membership ">{{cite web
| title = Verfassungsschutzbericht 2008
| url = http://www.verfassungsschutz.de/de/publikationen/verfassungsschutzbericht/
| publisher =
| date = May 2009
| page = 79
| accessdate = August 23, 2009
| quote = Mit rund 7.000 Mitgliedern verzeichnete die NPD im Vergleich zum Vorjahr (7.200) einen leichten Rückgang, bleibt jedoch mitgliederstärkste Partei im rechtsextremistischen Spektrum.
}}</ref>

====The 2001–2003 banning attempt====
In 2001, the federal government, the ], and the ] jointly attempted to ban the NPD in a trial before the ], the ''Bundesverfassungsgericht'', the highest court in Germany with the exclusive power to ban parties if they are found to be "anti-constitutional". However, the case was thrown out in 2003 after it was discovered that a number of the NPD's inner circle were in fact undercover agents or informants of the German secret services, like the federal ]. They include a former deputy chairman of the party and author of an anti-Semitic tract that formed a central part of the government's case. Since the government assemblies were unwilling to fully disclose their agents' identities and activities, the court found it impossible to decide which moves by the party were based on genuine party decisions and which were controlled by the secret services in an attempt to further the ban. “The party was, in part, responding to the government's dictates”, the court said. “The presence of the state at the leadership level makes influence on its aims and activities unavoidable”, it concluded.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,917120,00.html | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=German court rejects attempt to ban neo-Nazi party | first=John | last=Hooper | date=March 19, 2003 | accessdate=May 19, 2010}}</ref>

] (NPD), a former member of the ] terrorist organisation ], defended the NPD before the court. In May 2009, several state politicians published an extensive document<ref></ref> which they claim proves the NPD's opposition to the constitution without relying on information supplied by undercover agents. This move was intended to lead up to a second attempt to have the NPD banned.

====Merger with DVU====
At the 2010 NPD party conference at Bamberg it was announced that the party would ask its members to approve a merger with the ] (DVU).<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/7804533/German-neo-Nazi-parties-consider-merger.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | title=German neo-Nazi parties 'consider merger' | date=June 4, 2010}}</ref> After the merger on 1 January 2011 the party name of the NPD was extended by the addition of 'The People's Union'.<ref name="npd.de"/> Between 2004 and 2009 the two parties had agreed not to compete against each other in elections. However, on January 27, 2011, the Munich ] (regional court) in a ] declared the merger ].<ref></ref>

===World War II and Holocaust commemoration controversies===
]
On 21 January 2005, during a silence in the Saxon state assembly in ] to mark the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the Nazi ], twelve members of the NPD walked out in protest. The NPD was upset that a moment of silence was being held for those who died in the Auschwitz camp and that none was being given for those who died during the ], with the anniversary of both events falling relatively close to each other. ], leader of the NPD in ] and deputy leader of the party nationwide, made a speech in the ] in which he called the ] of the ] and ] "mass murderers" because of their role in the bombing. His colleague, ] went on to describe the bombing itself as a "holocaust of bombs".

Voigt voiced his support and reiterated the statement, which some controversially claimed was a violation of the German law which forbids ]. However, after judicial review, it was decided that Udo Voigt's description of the 1945 RAF bombing of Dresden as a holocaust was an exercise of free speech and "] of the dead" was not the purpose of his statement.<ref>Hannah Cleaver, , Telegraph.co.uk, April 12, 2005.</ref>

In 2009, the NPD joined the ] in a demonstration on the anniversary of the ]. 6.000 people took part in the event.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/neonazis-hijack-dresden-ceremony-in-the-biggest-farright-demonstration-since-hitler-483337.html|title=Neo-Nazis hijack Dresden ceremony in the biggest far-right demonstration since Hitler | location=London | work=The Independent | date=February 14, 2005 | accessdate=May 19, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aGstsMp983DI&refer=worldwide|title=Skinheads, Neo-Nazis Draw Fury at Dresden 1945 ‘Mourning March’ |accessdate=2009 02 14|author=Patrick Donahue}}</ref>

===Activism and controversy===
]

The NPD's strategy has been to create "national free-zones" and circumvent its marginal electoral status by concentrating on regions where support is strongest. In March 2006, musician ] tried to set up an in-school ] concert in ], ] two weeks before the state elections. The NPD argued that because of politics, the date and the in-school venue, the concert "was an unacceptable form of political campaigning."<ref></ref> In protest, the NPD vowed to buy the tickets and turn up en masse at Wecker's show, which led local authorities to cancel the event. The ] and the ] were outraged by the decision, which the ] called "politically bankrupt".

The NPD was going to sponsor a march through ] on 21 June 2006, as the ] was going on. The party wanted to show its support for the ], which was playing in ], and ] ]. However, the NPD decided against the demonstration; only a counter-demonstration took place that day, in support of ].<ref>Laura Smith-Spark, ''BBC News'' (20 June 2006)]</ref> During the World Cup, the party's web site stated that due to the prevalence of people of non-German descent on the ], the team "was not really German".

Later in 2006, the party designed leaflets which said ''"White - not just the color of a jersey! For a true National team!"''<ref name="nonwhite">
{{cite web
| title = NPD leader charged for racist campaign against black player in national football team
| url = http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,543287,00.html
| publisher = Spiegel.de
| date = 25 Mar 08
| accessdate = July 21, 2009}}</ref> This leaflet was never mass-distributed, but copies were confiscated during a raid on the NPD's headquarters, when authorities had been hoping to find material linking the party to Nazism. ] was later informed about the poster after it was noted that the image depicted a footballer wearing a white jersey with Owomoyela's number on it. Owomoyela, of Nigerian descent, had played for the German national team in the years before the World Cup and proceeded to file a lawsuit against the party. The party was able to delay the procedures but in April 2009 three party officials (], ] and ]) were sentenced for ] (Voigt and Bieler to 7 months on probation, Schwerdt to 10 months on probation).<ref>, sueddeutsche.de, 25. April 2009</ref>

In September 2009, another incident involving the NPD and a football player of the German national team was reported. In a television show of a regional channel, NPD spokesman Beier called midfielder ] a "Plaste-Deutscher" ("Plastic German" or "ID Card German"), meaning someone who is not a born German, but one that is made by naturalization, particularly for certain benefits. The ] announced that they would immediately file a lawsuit against the NPD and their spokesman, if requested by Özil.<ref>http://sport.de.msn.com/fussball-article.aspx?cp-documentid=149765548</ref>

During ] in 2009, the NPD planned a "holocaust vigil" for ] in support of the ]. Charlotte Knobloch, the head of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, said "joint hatred of everything Jewish is unifying neo-Nazis and ]s." According to Knobloch, German-Palestinian protestors "unashamedly admitted" that they would vote for the NPD during the next election.<ref>http://www.eurojewcong.org/ejc/news.php?id_article=3517</ref>

In April 2009, the party was fined 2.5 million ] for filing incorrect financial statements, resulting, according to ], in "serious financial trouble" for its administration.<ref name=con>. ]. Published April 24, 2009.</ref>

On 23 September 2009, four days before the ], German police raided the Berlin headquarters of the NPD to investigate claims that letters sent from the NPD to politicians from immigrant backgrounds ]. The NPD leader in Berlin defended the letters saying that "As part of a democracy we're entitled to say if something doesn't suit us in this country".<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>

===Statements on the election of Barack Obama===
In November 2008, shortly after the ], the NPD published a document entitled "''Africa conquers the White House''" which stated that the election of ] as the first ] ] was the result of "the American alliance of ] and ]" and that Obama aimed to destroy the United States' "]." The NPD claimed that "A non-white America is a declaration of war on all people who believe an organically grown social order based on language and culture, history and heritage to be the essence of humanity" and that "Barack Obama hides this declaration of war behind his pushy sunshine smile." The NPD also stated that the extensive support for Obama in Germany "resembles an African tropical disease."<ref>, Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA), November 11, 2008 (retrieved on December 5, 2008.)</ref><ref>, BreitBart.com, November 10, 2008.</ref><ref> by Jon Swaine, Telegraph.co.uk, November 11, 2008.</ref><ref> by Craig Whitlock, Washington Post, page A15, November 11, 2008 (retrieved on December 5, 2008.)</ref>

==Party leaders of NPD==
*] 1964-1967
*] 1967-1971
*] 1971-1990
*] 1991-1996
*] 1996–present

==See also==

*]
*]
*]
*]
*]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* {{de icon}}
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* {{en icon}}
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{{Parties of Germany}}

{{German far right}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:National Democratic Party Of Germany}}
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