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{{Short description|20th and 21st-century founder of Silsila saifia}}
⚫ {{Inappropriate tone|date=June 2011}}
{{Refimprove|date=June 2011}} {{Tone|date=June 2011}}
⚫ {{More citations needed|date=June 2011}}
{{Infobox Muslim scholars

|notability = Founder of Saifiya Sufi Order
{{Infobox religious biography
⚫ |era = Modern era
| religion = ]
|image =
⚫ | era = Modern era
⚫ |caption =
|name = '''Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak''' | image = Akhundzada Saif-ur-Rahman Sahib.jpg{{!}}border
⚫ | caption =
|title = Mehboob-e-Subhan, Qayyum-e-Zaman, Mujadad-e-Zaman, Shahanshah-e-Khurasan
| name = '''Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak'''
⚫ |birth_date = Muharram 20, 1344 ], August 10, 1925 ]
| title =
⚫ |death_date = Rajab 14, 1431 ], June 27, 2010 ]
| alias = Peer-e-Archi<br />Hazrat Sahib<br />Kajurai Baba
⚫ |region = ], ]
⚫ | birth_date = Muharram 20, 1344 ], August 10, 1925 ]
|Maddhab = ], ]
⚫ | death_date = Rajab 14, 1431 ], June 27, 2010 ]
|school_tradition| = ]yah, ], ], ]
⚫ | region = ], ]
|main_interests =
| creed = ]
|notable_ideas =
| influences = ], ], ], ], ], ], Hashim Samangani, Shah Rasul Thaqalayni
|Work =
| influenced = Hazrat Peer Saif Ur Rehman Mian Muhammad Hanfi Saifi & others one million Saifi ]een
|influences = ], ], ], ], ],
| jurisprudence = ]
|influenced = More than a million Saifi ]een
| sect = ]
| Sufi_order = ]
| denomination = ]
}} }}


'''Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak''' (آخوندزاده سيف الرحمان مبارك(رحمةالله عليه also known as Mubarak Sarkar) is a ] sheikh of the ] Mujaddadi ], the founder of the Saifiya Tariqah. He belongs to the ] school of Islam.<ref>Muḥammad ʻĀmir Rānā, Rohan Gunaratna. ''Al-Qaeda fights back inside Pakistani Tribal Areas''. Pak Institute for Peace Studies, 2007</ref> '''Akhundzada Peer Saif ur Rahman Mubarak''' ({{langx|ar|آخوندزاده سيف الرحمان مبارك}}) also known as Mubarak Sahib (1925–2010) was a ] scholar of the ] ], the founder of the ] sect. He adhered to the ] ] (''Madhhab''), the ] ] (''Aqidah''), the ] ] (''Tariqa'').<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Saifya – Welcome |url=http://www.saifiya.net/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308132526/https://www.saifiya.net/ |archive-date=8 March 2016 |accessdate=25 February 2016 |website=Saifiya.net}}</ref><ref>], Rohan Gunaratna. ''Al-Qaeda fights back inside Pakistani Tribal Areas''. Pak Institute for Peace Studies, 2007</ref>


He is famous for activating the hearts of disciples so that a clear vibration can be seen in the chests of many of his followers.<ref>Ken Lizzio, Ph.D. page 21 and elsewhere</ref> Many people have accepted Islam through him.<ref>Ken Lizzio, Ph.D., page 16</ref> His followers practise strict compliance with ], acquire activation of ] and experience ] during ].<ref name=Lizzio>Ken Lizzio, Ph.D., </ref> He is known for the gatherings of Zikr (Remembrance of ]) he has held.<ref>Ken Lizzio, Ph.D. Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism page 21</ref> Through him many people have accepted ].<ref>Ken Lizzio, Ph.D. Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism page 16 </ref> His followers observe strict compliance with ] and practice ] regularly.<ref name="Lizzio">Ken Lizzio, PhD, Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism ISSN 1653-6355 Published 2007-02-21</ref>


==Early life== == Early life ==
He was born in a small village named Baba Kalai, about 20&nbsp;km from Jalalabad on Muharram 20, 1344 ] (August 10, 1925 ]).<ref name=Anwaar>Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, 3rd Quarter, 2008 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, ٢٠٠٨ كا تيسرا شماره)</ref> His father, Sufi Hafiz Qari Muhammad Sarfraz Khan, a disciple of ] Haji Muhammad Amin, a ] from ] sufi order. At the very first sight the ] predicted that the child would be the ] of all the ] of his time and would be renowned throughout the world.<ref name=Anwaar /> He was born in a small village named Baba Kalai, about {{cvt|20|km}} from ] on Muharram 20, 1344 ] (August 10, 1925 ]).<ref name=Anwaar>Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, 3rd Quarter, 2008 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, ٢٠٠٨ كا تيسرا شماره)</ref> His father, Sufi Hafiz Qari Muhammad Sarfraz Khan, a disciple of ] Haji Muhammad Amin, a ] from ] sufi order.<ref name=Anwaar />


==Education== == Education ==
Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak's basic education from his father included ] study. When he was 13 his mother died. At that time, areas now included in Pakistan were famous for religious education and attracted seekers from Afghanistan. Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak travelled to Peshawar in the early 1940s and stayed there for many years, gaining knowledge of ], ], ], ] and ] from eminent scholars.<ref name=Anwaar /> Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak's basic education from his father included ] study. When he was 13 his mother died. For formal religious education, he moved to ] in the early 1940 and stayed there for many years, gaining knowledge of ], ], ], ] and ].<ref name=Anwaar />


After completion of his education he returned to ], living in Qandooz. He was allotted land by Afghan Government in ] where he built his house. Dasht-e-Archi (desert of Archi) was soon populated. Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, now a religious scholar, constructed a beautiful mosque and himself became Imam and Khateeb of the mosque. He also started offering free Dars-e-Nizami courses to the students, both beginners and advanced.<ref name=Anwaar /> After completion of his education he returned to ], living in ]. He was allotted land by the ] Government in ]. Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, now a religious scholar, constructed a mosque and himself became Imam and Khateeb of the mosque. He also started offering free ] courses to the students, both beginners and advanced.<ref name=Anwaar />


==Entry into Sufism== == Entry into Sufism ==
The sufi scholar Sheikh-al-Mashaikh Shah Rasul Taloqani, a ] ], one of the great Auliya-Allah,<ref>Allama Ali Muhammad Balkhi, Tareekh-e-Auliya</ref> visited the area. Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had already developed a special interest in Sufism and had resorted to private study for a conceptual understanding of the subject, was among the audience. The virtues of the ] made an impression on him and he requested ]. He was instantly granted ] and ] in ]yah ]. During the very first sitting all five ] of ] were activated and he was placed at higher spiritual status. At that time he was 32 years of age.<ref name=Anwaar /> During his stay at Archi, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had developed a special interest in Sufism and had resorted to private study for a conceptual understanding of the subject, met ] ] and Sufi scholar Shah Rasul Thaqalayni;<ref>Allama Ali Muhammad Balkhi, Tareekh-e-Auliya</ref> he requested ]. He was instantly granted Bay'ah in ] ], and at that time he was 32 years of age.<ref name=Anwaar />


Shah Rasool Taloqani being old and weak, had instructed his ]in to remain in the company of his favourite ], Maulana Muhammad Hashim Samangani, after his departure. After his death in 1381 A.H., Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak got ] from Samanagani, who renewed the zikr and started guiding Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak in his spiritual journey. The disciple in turn held fast onto his ] so long as he lived.<ref name=Anwaar /> Shah Rasul Thaqalayni being an old man had instructed his ]een (disciples) to remain in the company of his favorite ], Maulana Muhammad Hashim Samangani, after his departure. He died in 1381 A.H. Following the instructions of his sheikh, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak got bay'ah from Samangani, who renewed the zikr and started guiding Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak in his spiritual journey.<ref name=Anwaar />


Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak purchased land for his ] and built a meeting-house for him where a great number of people entered the Naqshbandi order. Maulana Hashim Samangani, in 1387 A.H., fell ill and called for Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had been granted limited Khilafat, to share the responsibilities of training the ]een. This not only provided opportunity to Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak to enjoy the company of his ], but also gave an implicit indication of his superiority over other Salikeen, in the eyes of the ]. Akhundzada Mubarak performed his duties with such vigour and sense of responsibility that his ] gave him Mutliq (autonomous) Khilafat.<ref name=Anwaar /> ], in 1387 A.H., fell ill and called for Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had been granted limited Khilafat, to share the responsibilities of training the other salikeen. This not only provided the opportunity to Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak to enjoy the company of his ], but also gave an implicit indication of his superiority over other Salikeen, by the Murshid. Akhundzada Mubarak performed his duties with such vigour and sense of responsibility that his Murshid gave him Mutliq (autonomous) Khilafat.<ref name=Anwaar />


He spent 3 years in service of his Murshid after which he was directed to Sheikh Haji Pachero for training in the ]. Soon he was bestowed with Khilafat of that order too. He then went to ], ], where he spent some time and imparted coaching to the ]een in the vicinity. After some time, he returned to Afghanistan and travelled in various parts of the country including Nangarhar, Jalalabad and Nauman. On instructions by his Murshid, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak returned to Archi where he remained busy spreading the essence of the religion.<ref name=Anwaar /> He spent three years in service of his Murshid after which he was directed to Sheikh Haji Pachero for training in the ]. Soon he was bestowed with Khilafat of that order too. He then went to ], Pakistan, where he spent some time and imparted coaching to the salikeen in the vicinity. After some time, he returned to Afghanistan and traveled in various parts of the country including ], ], and ]. On instructions by his Murshid, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak returned to ] where he remained busy spreading the essence of the religion.<ref name=Anwaar />


Maulana Hashim Samangani died in 1391 A.H. Before his death, he had ordered all his disciples to keep the company of Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak. In 1398 ] Akhundzada Mubarak performed Hajj. He also visited Madinah and visited various regions on his journey back to Afghanistan.<ref name=Anwaar2>Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, Volume 4, No. 3, 2010 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, جلد نمبر 4، شمارہ نمبر3، ۲۰۱۰ٔ؁)</ref> Maulana Hashim Samangani died in 1391 A.H. Before his death, he had ordered all his disciples to keep the company of Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak. In 1398 ] Akhundzada Mubarak performed Hajj. He also visited ] and visited various regions on his journey back to Afghanistan.<ref name=Anwaar2>Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, Volume 4, No. 3, 2010 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, جلد نمبر 4، شمارہ نمبر3، ۲۰۱۰ٔ؁)</ref>


==Emigration to Pakistan== == Emigration to Pakistan ==
When Afghanistan came under Russian control many religious leaders and Sufi saints were arrested or killed. Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak was arrested on 27 April 1987. Once released, he decided to leave Afghanistan for Pir Swat, a small town near Nowshehra, where for three years he provided religious guidance. In 1409-1410 A.H., Afridi tribes of Bara offered him land for a meeting house, which he accepted. At this juncture the ] order originated. He built a mosque, Dar-ul-Ulum and ] for a place where he could continue spiritual training of his disciples.<ref name=Anwaar /> Akhundzada Saif-ur-Rahman Mubarak decided to leave Afghanistan in 1978 prior to the ] for his murshid who rested in ], a small town near ], where for three years he provided religious guidance. In 1409–1410 A.H., ] tribes of Bara offered him land for a meeting house, which he accepted. At this juncture, the ] order originated. He built a mosque, Dar-ul-Ulum, and ] for a place where he could continue the spiritual training of his disciples.<ref name=Anwaar />


In Bara his preaching<ref name=Lizzio /> was opposed by ], a ] cleric, backed by activists of his armed group, ], who had earlier been expelled from ] by the Political Agency due to his active involvement in sectarian violence<ref name=pak31546>Pak Refugee Tribunal, Australia </ref> and who resorted to violence against Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak including initiation of FM-based propaganda<ref>James Town Foundation, Terrorism Monitor Vol: 7 Issue: 14, , sub-heading 'The Original FM Mullah'</ref> attacking and burning property.<ref name=pak31546 /> In Bara his preaching<ref name=Lizzio /> was opposed by ], a ] cleric, backed by activists of his armed group, ], who had earlier been expelled from ] by the Political Agency due to his active involvement in sectarian violence<ref name=pak31546>Pak Refugee Tribunal, Australia </ref> and who resorted to violence against Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak including initiation of FM-based propaganda<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The FM Mullahs and the Taliban's Propaganda War in Pakistan|url=https://jamestown.org/program/the-fm-mullahs-and-the-talibans-propaganda-war-in-pakistan/|access-date=2022-09-19|journal = Terrorism Monitor|volume = 7 | issue = 14 | author = Mukhtar A. Khan | date = May 26, 2009 | publisher=Jamestown Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> attacking and burning property.<ref name=pak31546 />


==See also==
While Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak has been linked by some to ], as its leader or founder,<ref>Asia Times, October 4, 2007, by ''Hassan Abbas'', See sub-heading ''Khyber Agency'']</ref> it has been strongly denied by Tanzeem Ansr ul Islam itself.<ref>www.khyber.org, , From the Ansar Itself, 2007</ref> The fact that Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak and Ansar ul Islam influence two rival sects of the region, Barelvi and Deobandi, both in strong opposition of each other,<ref>Global Security, </ref> also contradicts this ungrounded linkage.
*]


⚫ == References ==
Due to tense situation in Bara owing to conflict with Mufti Munir Shakir, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak moved to Lahore. Since then he lived in Faqirabad, Lahore. On Sunday, June 27, 2010, at 2:00 am, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak died; he was buried in Faqirabad, Lahore.
{{Reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
⚫ ==References==
<references/>


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20th and 21st-century founder of Silsila saifia
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Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak
Personal life
BornMuharram 20, 1344 AH, August 10, 1925 CE
DiedRajab 14, 1431 AH, June 27, 2010 CE
EraModern era
RegionAfghanistan, Pakistan
Other namesPeer-e-Archi
Hazrat Sahib
Kajurai Baba
Religious life
ReligionIslam
DenominationSunni
SectSaifia
JurisprudenceHanafi
TariqaNaqshbandi
CreedMaturidi
Muslim leader
Influenced by
Influenced
  • Hazrat Peer Saif Ur Rehman Mian Muhammad Hanfi Saifi & others one million Saifi Salikeen

Akhundzada Peer Saif ur Rahman Mubarak (Arabic: آخوندزاده سيف الرحمان مبارك) also known as Mubarak Sahib (1925–2010) was a Sufi scholar of the Naqshbandi Tariqa, the founder of the Saifia sect. He adhered to the Hanafi school of thought (Madhhab), the Maturidi creed (Aqidah), the Naqshbandi order (Tariqa).

He is known for the gatherings of Zikr (Remembrance of Allah) he has held. Through him many people have accepted Islam. His followers observe strict compliance with Sunnah and practice Zikr regularly.

Early life

He was born in a small village named Baba Kalai, about 20 km (12 mi) from Jalalabad on Muharram 20, 1344 AH (August 10, 1925 CE). His father, Sufi Hafiz Qari Muhammad Sarfraz Khan, a disciple of Sheikh Haji Muhammad Amin, a sheikh from Qadiriyah sufi order.

Education

Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak's basic education from his father included Quran study. When he was 13 his mother died. For formal religious education, he moved to Peshawar in the early 1940 and stayed there for many years, gaining knowledge of Tafseer, Hadith, Usul al-fiqa, Aqida and Tajwid.

After completion of his education he returned to Afghanistan, living in Kunduz. He was allotted land by the Afghan Government in Archi. Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, now a religious scholar, constructed a mosque and himself became Imam and Khateeb of the mosque. He also started offering free Dars-e-Nizami courses to the students, both beginners and advanced.

Entry into Sufism

During his stay at Archi, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had developed a special interest in Sufism and had resorted to private study for a conceptual understanding of the subject, met Naqshbandi sheikh and Sufi scholar Shah Rasul Thaqalayni; he requested Bay'ah. He was instantly granted Bay'ah in Naqshbandi order, and at that time he was 32 years of age.

Shah Rasul Thaqalayni being an old man had instructed his Salikeen (disciples) to remain in the company of his favorite murid, Maulana Muhammad Hashim Samangani, after his departure. He died in 1381 A.H. Following the instructions of his sheikh, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak got bay'ah from Samangani, who renewed the zikr and started guiding Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak in his spiritual journey.

Maulana Hashim Samangani, in 1387 A.H., fell ill and called for Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had been granted limited Khilafat, to share the responsibilities of training the other salikeen. This not only provided the opportunity to Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak to enjoy the company of his Murshid, but also gave an implicit indication of his superiority over other Salikeen, by the Murshid. Akhundzada Mubarak performed his duties with such vigour and sense of responsibility that his Murshid gave him Mutliq (autonomous) Khilafat.

He spent three years in service of his Murshid after which he was directed to Sheikh Haji Pachero for training in the Qadiriyah. Soon he was bestowed with Khilafat of that order too. He then went to Nowshehra, Pakistan, where he spent some time and imparted coaching to the salikeen in the vicinity. After some time, he returned to Afghanistan and traveled in various parts of the country including Nangarhar, Jalalabad, and Laghman. On instructions by his Murshid, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak returned to Archi where he remained busy spreading the essence of the religion.

Maulana Hashim Samangani died in 1391 A.H. Before his death, he had ordered all his disciples to keep the company of Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak. In 1398 AH Akhundzada Mubarak performed Hajj. He also visited Madinah and visited various regions on his journey back to Afghanistan.

Emigration to Pakistan

Akhundzada Saif-ur-Rahman Mubarak decided to leave Afghanistan in 1978 prior to the Soviet–Afghan War for his murshid who rested in Pir Sabaq, a small town near Nowshehra, where for three years he provided religious guidance. In 1409–1410 A.H., Afridi tribes of Bara offered him land for a meeting house, which he accepted. At this juncture, the Saifi order originated. He built a mosque, Dar-ul-Ulum, and Khanqah for a place where he could continue the spiritual training of his disciples.

In Bara his preaching was opposed by Mufti Munir Shakir, a Deobandi cleric, backed by activists of his armed group, Lashkar-e-Islam, who had earlier been expelled from Kurram Agency by the Political Agency due to his active involvement in sectarian violence and who resorted to violence against Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak including initiation of FM-based propaganda attacking and burning property.

See also

References

  1. "Saifya – Welcome". Saifiya.net. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  2. Muḥammad ʻĀmir Rānā, Rohan Gunaratna. Al-Qaeda fights back inside Pakistani Tribal Areas. Pak Institute for Peace Studies, 2007
  3. Ken Lizzio, Ph.D. Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism page 21
  4. Ken Lizzio, Ph.D. Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism page 16
  5. ^ Ken Lizzio, PhD, Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism ISSN 1653-6355 Published 2007-02-21
  6. ^ Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, 3rd Quarter, 2008 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, ٢٠٠٨ كا تيسرا شماره)
  7. Allama Ali Muhammad Balkhi, Tareekh-e-Auliya
  8. Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, Volume 4, No. 3, 2010 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, جلد نمبر 4، شمارہ نمبر3، ۲۰۱۰ٔ؁)
  9. ^ Pak Refugee Tribunal, Australia RRT Research Response Number PAK31546
  10. Mukhtar A. Khan (May 26, 2009). "The FM Mullahs and the Taliban's Propaganda War in Pakistan". Terrorism Monitor. 7 (14). Jamestown Foundation. Retrieved 2022-09-19.
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