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{{Infobox royalty
]
| name = Prince Frederick Henry
'''Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate''', ({{lang-de|Heinrich Friedrich}}) (1 January 1614 – 7 January 1629 ]) was the eldest son of ], the Winter King, and his wife, ], daughter of King ].
| title = Electoral Prince of the Palatinate
| image = Jan Anthonisz. van Ravesteyn (c.1570-1657) - Prince Frederick Henry (1614–1629), Crown Prince Palatine - 108894 - National Trust.jpg
| caption = Portrait by ], 1610s
| birth_date = 1 January 1614
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1629|1|7|1614|1|1|df=y}}
| death_place = ], ]
| burial_place = ]
| house = ]
| father = ]
| mother = ]
}}
'''Frederick Henry, Electoral Prince of the Palatinate''', ({{langx|de|Heinrich Friedrich}}; 1 January 1614 – 7 January 1629) was the eldest son of ], Elector Palatine and so-called "Winter King" of ], and his wife, ], daughter of King ].


==Celebration of his birth==
Frederick Henry drowned at the age of 15. He was on his way to ] to see the captured ] there and drowned crossing the ].
As soon as the prince was born, Elizabeth ordered "pieces" using the English word, meaning the firing of cannon to celebrate the birth.<ref>''HMC Downshire'', vol. 4 (London, 1940), p. 283.</ref>
He was named after his father and his late uncle ], who had died less than two years earlier during the celebrations leading up to his parents' wedding.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goldstone |first=Nancy |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1029552788 |title=Daughters of the Winter Queen : four remarkable sisters, the crown of Bohemia, and the enduring legacy of Mary, Queen of Scots |date=2018 |isbn=978-0-316-38791-0 |edition=First |location=New York, NY |pages=56 |oclc=1029552788}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Akkerman |first=Nadine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1285494517 |title=Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts |date=2021 |isbn=978-0-19-164528-0 |location=Oxford |pages=64 |oclc=1285494517}}</ref> As a gift to celebrate Frederick Henry's birth, King James rewarded Elizabeth with a pension of 12,000 ] a year for life and money and gold worth an additional 25,000 crowns.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Akkerman |first=Nadine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1285494517 |title=Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts |date=2021 |isbn=978-0-19-164528-0 |location=Oxford |pages=103 |oclc=1285494517}}</ref>
==Successor to the throne of Bohemia==
In 1618, Frederick was elected King of Bohemia. Frederick Henry was the only one of his siblings to accompany his parents to ] for the coronation and was elected successor to the Crown a few days before the birth of his brother ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Akkerman |first=Nadine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1285494517 |title=Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts |date=2021 |isbn=978-0-19-164528-0 |location=Oxford |pages=136–7 |oclc=1285494517}}</ref> In September 1620, he was sent on a royal progress through Bohemia and the ] with a guard of 4,000 men, which ended in ] where his kinsman ], ], ] and ], took custody of him.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Akkerman |first=Nadine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1285494517 |title=Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts |date=2021 |isbn=978-0-19-164528-0 |location=Oxford |pages=142–3 |oclc=1285494517}}</ref>
==Exile in the Hague==
After his parents lost control of Bohemia and the Palatinate, they fled to exile in the ]. Frederick Henry joined them by May 1621, when he wrote a letter from the Hague to King James.<ref>''HMC 3rd Report, Rev Hopkinson'' (London, 1872), p. 265.</ref> In June 1623, his parents set up a separate ] for their children at a building three hours away in ], known as the Prinsenhof or the Princes' court. Frederick Henry also formally enrolled as a student at ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Akkerman |first=Nadine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1285494517 |title=Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts |date=2021 |isbn=978-0-19-164528-0 |location=Oxford |pages=188–9 |oclc=1285494517}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Goldstone |first=Nancy |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1029552788 |title=Daughters of the Winter Queen : four remarkable sisters, the crown of Bohemia, and the enduring legacy of Mary, Queen of Scots |date=2018 |isbn=978-0-316-38791-0 |edition=First |location=New York, NY |pages=113 |oclc=1029552788}}</ref>
==Marriage negotiations==
As part of various efforts to fight or negotiate an end to the ], several potential marriages were considered for Frederick Henry. These include marriages to a daughter of ] ] and a niece of ], Duke of ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Akkerman |first=Nadine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1285494517 |title=Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts |date=2021 |isbn=978-0-19-164528-0 |location=Oxford |pages=184–5, 199–202 |oclc=1285494517}}</ref>
==Drowning==
In 1629, Frederick Henry went with his father to ] to see the captured ]. While crossing ], their boat was struck by a barge and capsized. Frederick was rescued but Frederick Henry drowned and his body was not found until the next day.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goldstone |first=Nancy |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1029552788 |title=Daughters of the Winter Queen : four remarkable sisters, the crown of Bohemia, and the enduring legacy of Mary, Queen of Scots |date=2018 |isbn=978-0-316-38791-0 |edition=First |location=New York, NY |pages=119 |oclc=1029552788}}</ref> He was buried in the ], in the Hague.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Akkerman |first=Nadine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1285494517 |title=Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts |date=2021 |isbn=978-0-19-164528-0 |location=Oxford |pages=252–3 |oclc=1285494517}}</ref>

==Ancestry==
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==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* *


{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->

| NAME = Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince Of The Palatinate
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
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| DATE OF BIRTH = 1 January 1614
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 7 January 1629
| PLACE OF DEATH =
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince Of The Palatinate}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince Of The Palatinate}}
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Latest revision as of 04:13, 10 December 2024

Electoral Prince of the Palatinate
Prince Frederick Henry
Electoral Prince of the Palatinate
Portrait by Jan van Ravesteyn, 1610s
Born1 January 1614
Heidelberg, Holy Roman Empire
Died7 January 1629(1629-01-07) (aged 15)
IJ, Dutch Republic
BurialKloosterkerk
HousePalatinate-Simmern
FatherFrederick V, Elector Palatine
MotherElizabeth of Bohemia

Frederick Henry, Electoral Prince of the Palatinate, (German: Heinrich Friedrich; 1 January 1614 – 7 January 1629) was the eldest son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine and so-called "Winter King" of Bohemia, and his wife, Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of King James VI of Scotland and I of England.

Celebration of his birth

As soon as the prince was born, Elizabeth ordered "pieces" using the English word, meaning the firing of cannon to celebrate the birth. He was named after his father and his late uncle Henry, Prince of Wales, who had died less than two years earlier during the celebrations leading up to his parents' wedding. As a gift to celebrate Frederick Henry's birth, King James rewarded Elizabeth with a pension of 12,000 crowns a year for life and money and gold worth an additional 25,000 crowns.

Successor to the throne of Bohemia

In 1618, Frederick was elected King of Bohemia. Frederick Henry was the only one of his siblings to accompany his parents to Prague for the coronation and was elected successor to the Crown a few days before the birth of his brother Rupert. In September 1620, he was sent on a royal progress through Bohemia and the Upper Palatinate with a guard of 4,000 men, which ended in Leeuwarden where his kinsman Ernst Casimir, Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe, took custody of him.

Exile in the Hague

After his parents lost control of Bohemia and the Palatinate, they fled to exile in the Hague. Frederick Henry joined them by May 1621, when he wrote a letter from the Hague to King James. In June 1623, his parents set up a separate royal court for their children at a building three hours away in Leiden, known as the Prinsenhof or the Princes' court. Frederick Henry also formally enrolled as a student at Leiden University.

Marriage negotiations

As part of various efforts to fight or negotiate an end to the Thirty Years War, several potential marriages were considered for Frederick Henry. These include marriages to a daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II and a niece of Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria.

Drowning

In 1629, Frederick Henry went with his father to Amsterdam to see the captured Spanish treasure fleet. While crossing Haarlemmermeer, their boat was struck by a barge and capsized. Frederick was rescued but Frederick Henry drowned and his body was not found until the next day. He was buried in the Kloosterkerk, in the Hague.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Frederick Henry, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate
16. Frederick III, Elector Palatine
8. Louis VI, Elector Palatine
17. Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
4. Frederick IV, Elector Palatine
18. Philip I of Hesse
9. Elisabeth of Hesse
19. Christine of Saxony
2. Frederick V, Elector Palatine
20. William I, Count of Nassau-Siegen
10. William I, Prince of Orange 'the Silent'
21. Juliana of Stolberg-Werningerode
5. Louise Juliana of Nassau
22. Louis, Duke of Montpensier
11. Charlotte of Bourbon
23. Jacqueline de Longwy
1. Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate
24. Matthew Stuart, Earl of Lennox
12. Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
25. Margaret Douglas
6. James I of England
26. James V of Scotland
13. Mary, Queen of Scots
27. Mary of Guise
3. Elizabeth Stuart
28. Christian III of Denmark
14. Frederick II of Denmark
29. Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
7. Anne of Denmark
30. Ulrich III of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
15. Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
31. Elizabeth of Denmark

References

  1. HMC Downshire, vol. 4 (London, 1940), p. 283.
  2. Goldstone, Nancy (2018). Daughters of the Winter Queen : four remarkable sisters, the crown of Bohemia, and the enduring legacy of Mary, Queen of Scots (First ed.). New York, NY. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-316-38791-0. OCLC 1029552788.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. Akkerman, Nadine (2021). Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts. Oxford. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-19-164528-0. OCLC 1285494517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. Akkerman, Nadine (2021). Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts. Oxford. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-19-164528-0. OCLC 1285494517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. Akkerman, Nadine (2021). Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts. Oxford. pp. 136–7. ISBN 978-0-19-164528-0. OCLC 1285494517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  6. Akkerman, Nadine (2021). Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts. Oxford. pp. 142–3. ISBN 978-0-19-164528-0. OCLC 1285494517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  7. HMC 3rd Report, Rev Hopkinson (London, 1872), p. 265.
  8. Akkerman, Nadine (2021). Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts. Oxford. pp. 188–9. ISBN 978-0-19-164528-0. OCLC 1285494517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. Goldstone, Nancy (2018). Daughters of the Winter Queen : four remarkable sisters, the crown of Bohemia, and the enduring legacy of Mary, Queen of Scots (First ed.). New York, NY. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-316-38791-0. OCLC 1029552788.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  10. Akkerman, Nadine (2021). Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts. Oxford. pp. 184–5, 199–202. ISBN 978-0-19-164528-0. OCLC 1285494517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. Goldstone, Nancy (2018). Daughters of the Winter Queen : four remarkable sisters, the crown of Bohemia, and the enduring legacy of Mary, Queen of Scots (First ed.). New York, NY. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-316-38791-0. OCLC 1029552788.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. Akkerman, Nadine (2021). Elizabeth Stuart, queen of hearts. Oxford. pp. 252–3. ISBN 978-0-19-164528-0. OCLC 1285494517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links

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