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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox military person {{Infobox military person
|name= Valentine Patrick Terrel Vivian |name= Valentine Patrick Terrel Vivian
|honorific_suffix=
|birth_date={{Birth date|1886|03|17|df=yes}} |birth_date={{Birth date|1886|03|17|df=yes}}
|death_date={{Death date and age|1969|04|15|1886|03|17|df=yes}} |death_date={{Death date and age|1969|04|15|1886|03|17|df=yes}}
|birth_place= ], ] |birth_place= ], England
|death_place= Lymington, ] |death_place= Lymington, England
|placeofburial= |placeofburial=
|image=] |image=Val Vivian1.png
|caption=Colonel Valentine Vivian |caption=Colonel Valentine Vivian
|nickname=Vee-Vee (as head of Section V) |nickname=Vee-Vee (as head of Section V)
|allegiance={{flag|United Kingdom}} |allegiance={{flag|United Kingdom}}
|rank= ] |rank= ]
|branch= ] |branch={{army|United Kingdom}}
|commands= |commands=
|unit= |unit=
|battles=
|battles= ] (Palestine, Turkey)<br>] (Ireland, Europe)
{{plainlist|
|awards=Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St George and St Michael(1947)<ref>{{LondonGazette |issue=37909 |date=1 January 1947 |startpage=6 |supp=yes|accessdate=31 July 2010}}</ref><br />Legion of Merit (Officer) (USA) (1947) <ref>{{LondonGazette |issue=37909 |date=20 March 1947 |startpage=1312 |supp=yes|accessdate=31 July 2010}}</ref><br /> Commander of the Order of the British Empire (1923) <ref>India Office List 1933. Searchable via FindMyPast at http://www.findmypast.co.uk/ accessed: 31 July 2010</ref><br /> Officer of the Order of the British Empire (1918)<ref>{{LondonGazette |issue=30730 |date=4 June 1918 |startpage=6716 |supp=yes|accessdate=31 July 2010}}</ref>
*World War I (Palestine, Turkey)
⚫ |laterwork= Asst Superintendent of Police (]) 1906<br>Superintendent of Police (]) 1907<br>Asst Director Central Intelligence (]) 1914
*World War II (Ireland, Europe)
}} }}
|awards=
⚫ Colonel '''Valentine Patrick Terrell Vivian''' ] ] (1886–1969) was the vice-chief of the ] or ] and was the first head of its ] unit, Section V. It was Vivian, who while attempting to introduce new blood into the service, selected ] who was later to become notorious as ] ] and who defected to the Russians causing considerable harm to the system he had infiltrated.<ref>The Times Obituaries 1961–1970</ref>
{{plainlist|

*Companion of the Most Distinguished ] (1947)<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=37909 |date=1 January 1947 |page=6 |supp=y}}</ref>
==Early life==
*] (Officer) (USA) (1947)<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=37909 |date=20 March 1947 |page=1312 |supp=y}}</ref>
*Commander of the ] (1923){{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
*Officer of the Order of the British Empire (1918)<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=30730 |date=4 June 1918 |page=6716 |supp=y}}</ref>
⚫ }}
⚫ |laterwork= Asst Superintendent of Police (]) 1906<br />Superintendent of Police (]) 1907<br>Asst Director Central Intelligence (]) 1914
}}
⚫ Colonel '''Valentine Patrick Terrell Vivian''' ] ] (March 17, 1886–April 15, 1969) was the vice-chief of the ] or ] and the first head of its ] unit, Section V. Vivian, while he was attempting to introduce new blood into the service, selected ], who later became notorious as ] ] and defected to the Russians, causing considerable harm to the system he had infiltrated.<ref name=":0">{{Cite ODNB|title=Vivian, Valentine Patrick Terrell (1886–1969), intelligence officer|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-67773|access-date=2021-05-22|year=2004|language=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/67773|isbn=978-0-19-861412-8|last1=Blishen|first1=A. O.}}</ref><ref>The Times Obituaries 1961–1970</ref>


==Family background== ==Family background==
Valentine Vivian was born on 17 March 1886 in ], London. He was the youngest of nine children of Tom Comely, portrait painter, and Elizabeth Baly Farquhar, miniature painter. His brother ] (1880&ndash;1958) was former ] of England from 1921 to 1945.<ref>Who Was Who 1951–1960 p. 1121</ref> Valentine Vivian was born on 17 March 1886 in ], London. He was the youngest of nine children of Tom Comely Vivian, portrait painter, and Elizabeth Baly Farquhar, miniature painter. His brother ] (1880&ndash;1958) was former ] of England from 1921 to 1945.<ref>Who Was Who 1951–1960 p. 1121</ref>


In 1911, Vivian married Mary Primrose Warlow daughter of the Venerable Edmund John Warlow, archdeacon of ], India. In 1911, Vivian married Mary Primrose Warlow, daughter of the Venerable Edmund John Warlow, archdeacon of ], India.


==Early career== ==Early career==
Vivian joined the Indian Police (Imperial Service) in December 1906 and was posted as assistant district superintendent of police for ], reaching the rank of assistant superintendent in November 1907, and subsequently superintendent of police for ], ], ], ], ], and ] railway police. He was senior superintendent of police for the ] province and in October 1914 became assistant director of central intelligence (]). He retired from the Indian Police in 1925.<ref>India Office, Record of Services, p. 892, 1933</ref><ref>Who's Who 1934</ref> Vivian joined the Indian Police (Imperial Service) in December 1906 and was posted as assistant district superintendent of police for ], reaching the rank of assistant superintendent in November 1907, and subsequently superintendent of police for ], ], ], ], ], and ] railway police.<ref name=":0" /> He was senior superintendent of police for the ] province and in October 1914 became an assistant director of central intelligence (]). He retired from the Indian Police in 1925.<ref>India Office, Record of Services, p. 892, 1933</ref><ref>Who's Who 1934</ref>


In the mid-1920s, agency director ], the second "C", wanted to absorb ], the UK's counter-intelligence agency, into the ]; when his attempt was finally rejected, in 1925, he formed the CE section, later (1939) renamed "Section V". In the mid-1920s, agency director ], the second "C", wanted to absorb ], the UK's counter-intelligence agency, into the ]; when his attempt was finally rejected, in 1925, he formed the CE section, later (1939) renamed "Section V".


Between 1925 and 1931, organisational rivalries proliferated among Vivian's CE section, the domestic intelligence agency, ], and ]. A network of domestic agents known as the 'Casuals' had provided information to CE section. In 1930, after a series of meetings of the Special Services Committee, the Casuals were transferred to ], where they became "M Section"; many still provided the SIS with information. Between 1925 and 1931, organisational rivalries proliferated among Vivian's CE section, the domestic intelligence agency, ], and ]. A network of domestic agents known as the 'Casuals' had provided information to CE section. In 1930, after a series of meetings of the Special Services Committee, the Casuals were transferred to ], where they became "M Section"; many still provided the SIS with information.


Under Vivian, Section V focused on the activities of the ], which Vivian initially "regarded ... as a criminal conspiracy rather than a clandestine political movement". Vivian was the author of the 1932 report () on the ] case, though his authorship was only revealed in 1994. Under Vivian, Section V focused on the activities of the ], which Vivian initially "regarded... as a criminal conspiracy rather than a clandestine political movement". Vivian was the author of the 1932 report () on the ] case, but his authorship was revealed only in 1994.


During the First World War Vivian served in the Indian Army in Turkey and Palestine. At one point early in his career, he served in the Department of Criminal Intelligence (Simla) in India. During the First World War, Vivian served in the ] in Turkey and Palestine.<ref name=":0" /> At one point early in his career, he served in the Department of Criminal Intelligence (]) in India.


== References == == Later career ==
In the summer of 1940, Vivian was one of the organisers of the British Resistance organisation created by SIS. He was particularly responsible for liaison with MI5 to ensure the legality of the body (SIS were not supposed to operate within the UK). In 1941, he became Vice-Chief of SIS but was engaged in a long-running power struggle with ] for power within the organisation. He retired from SIS in 1951.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|title = Fighting Nazi Occupation: British Resistance 1939 – 1945|last = Atkin|first = Malcolm|publisher = Pen and Sword|year = 2015|isbn = 978-1-47383-377-7|location = Barnsley|pages = 137–142}}</ref>
⚫ *

==References==
⚫ *
:See, in particular, ''"The Secret Service Committee, 1919-1931"'', Gill Bennett, Chief Historian, Foreign & Commonwealth Office; and ''"The Secret Intelligence Service and the Case of Hilaire Noulens"'', Christopher Baxter, Historian, Foreign & Commonwealth Office. :See, in particular, ''"The Secret Service Committee, 1919-1931"'', Gill Bennett, Chief Historian, Foreign & Commonwealth Office; and ''"The Secret Intelligence Service and the Case of Hilaire Noulens"'', Christopher Baxter, Historian, Foreign & Commonwealth Office.
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}


== External links == ==External links==
* *
:Discusses SIS director ] reorganisation of units into "Headquarters" and "Foreign" divisions, including Section V :Discusses SIS director ] reorganisation of units into "Headquarters" and "Foreign" divisions, including Section V
* *


{{authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->

| NAME = Valentine, Vivian
⚫ {{DEFAULTSORT:Vivian, Valentine}}
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 17 March 1886
| PLACE OF BIRTH = ], ]
| DATE OF DEATH = 15 April 1969
| PLACE OF DEATH = Lymington, ]
⚫ }}
⚫ {{DEFAULTSORT:Valentine, Vivian}}
] ]
] ]
⚫ ]
] ]
] ]
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Latest revision as of 22:50, 9 July 2024

Valentine Patrick Terrel Vivian
Colonel Valentine Vivian
Nickname(s)Vee-Vee (as head of Section V)
Born(1886-03-17)17 March 1886
Kensington, England
Died15 April 1969(1969-04-15) (aged 83)
Lymington, England
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service / branch British Army
RankColonel
Battles / wars
  • World War I (Palestine, Turkey)
  • World War II (Ireland, Europe)
Awards
Other workAsst Superintendent of Police (Punjab) 1906
Superintendent of Police (Punjab) 1907
Asst Director Central Intelligence (India) 1914

Colonel Valentine Patrick Terrell Vivian CMG CBE (March 17, 1886–April 15, 1969) was the vice-chief of the SIS or MI6 and the first head of its counterespionage unit, Section V. Vivian, while he was attempting to introduce new blood into the service, selected Kim Philby, who later became notorious as "The Third Man" double agent and defected to the Russians, causing considerable harm to the system he had infiltrated.

Family background

Valentine Vivian was born on 17 March 1886 in Kensington, London. He was the youngest of nine children of Tom Comely Vivian, portrait painter, and Elizabeth Baly Farquhar, miniature painter. His brother Sir Sylvanus Percival Vivian (1880–1958) was former Registrar General of England from 1921 to 1945.

In 1911, Vivian married Mary Primrose Warlow, daughter of the Venerable Edmund John Warlow, archdeacon of Lahore, India.

Early career

Vivian joined the Indian Police (Imperial Service) in December 1906 and was posted as assistant district superintendent of police for Punjab, reaching the rank of assistant superintendent in November 1907, and subsequently superintendent of police for Ambala, Ludhiana, Jhang, Hissar, Sialkot, and Lahore railway police. He was senior superintendent of police for the Delhi province and in October 1914 became an assistant director of central intelligence (Simla). He retired from the Indian Police in 1925.

In the mid-1920s, agency director Sir Hugh Sinclair, the second "C", wanted to absorb MI5, the UK's counter-intelligence agency, into the SIS; when his attempt was finally rejected, in 1925, he formed the CE section, later (1939) renamed "Section V".

Between 1925 and 1931, organisational rivalries proliferated among Vivian's CE section, the domestic intelligence agency, MI5, and Scotland Yard. A network of domestic agents known as the 'Casuals' had provided information to CE section. In 1930, after a series of meetings of the Special Services Committee, the Casuals were transferred to MI5, where they became "M Section"; many still provided the SIS with information.

Under Vivian, Section V focused on the activities of the Comintern, which Vivian initially "regarded... as a criminal conspiracy rather than a clandestine political movement". Vivian was the author of the 1932 report (FO 1093/92) on the Hilaire Noulens case, but his authorship was revealed only in 1994.

During the First World War, Vivian served in the Indian Army in Turkey and Palestine. At one point early in his career, he served in the Department of Criminal Intelligence (Simla) in India.

Later career

In the summer of 1940, Vivian was one of the organisers of the British Resistance organisation created by SIS. He was particularly responsible for liaison with MI5 to ensure the legality of the body (SIS were not supposed to operate within the UK). In 1941, he became Vice-Chief of SIS but was engaged in a long-running power struggle with Claude Dansey for power within the organisation. He retired from SIS in 1951.

References

See, in particular, "The Secret Service Committee, 1919-1931", Gill Bennett, Chief Historian, Foreign & Commonwealth Office; and "The Secret Intelligence Service and the Case of Hilaire Noulens", Christopher Baxter, Historian, Foreign & Commonwealth Office.
  1. "No. 37909". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1947. p. 6.
  2. "No. 37909". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 March 1947. p. 1312.
  3. "No. 30730". The London Gazette (Supplement). 4 June 1918. p. 6716.
  4. ^ Blishen, A. O. (2004). "Vivian, Valentine Patrick Terrell (1886–1969), intelligence officer". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/67773. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 22 May 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  5. The Times Obituaries 1961–1970
  6. Who Was Who 1951–1960 p. 1121
  7. India Office, Record of Services, p. 892, 1933
  8. Who's Who 1934
  9. Atkin, Malcolm (2015). Fighting Nazi Occupation: British Resistance 1939 – 1945. Barnsley: Pen and Sword. pp. 137–142. ISBN 978-1-47383-377-7.

External links

Discusses SIS director Sir Stewart Menzies's reorganisation of units into "Headquarters" and "Foreign" divisions, including Section V
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