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| |name = Livanates | |name = Livanates | ||
| |name_local = | |name_local = | ||
| |type = community | |||
| |image_map = | |image_map = | ||
| |periph = ] | |||
| | |
|periphunit = ] | ||
| |municipality = ] | |municipality = ] | ||
| |municunit = ] | |municunit = ] | ||
| |pop_community = |
|pop_community = 2333 | ||
| |population_as_of = |
|population_as_of = 2021 | ||
| | |
|area_community = | ||
| |elevation = 5 | |elevation = 5 | ||
| |coordinates = {{coord|38|43|N|23|03|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | |||
| |lat_deg = 38 | |||
| |lat_min = 43 | |||
| |lon_deg = 23 | |||
| |lon_min = 03 | |||
| |postal_code = | |postal_code = | ||
| |area_code = | |area_code = | ||
| |licence = ΜΙ | |licence = ΜΙ | ||
| |mayor = | |||
| |website = | |website = | ||
| |image_skyline = | |image_skyline = | ||
| |caption_skyline = | |caption_skyline = | ||
| |party = | |||
| |since = | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Livanates''' ({{ |
'''Livanates''' ({{langx|el|Λιβανάτες}}) is a seaside town in ], central ]. It is located 68 km southeast of ] and it was the seat of the municipality of ] between 1997 and 2011. Its population in 2021 was 2,333. | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| ], an ancient settlement site, can be found at the edge of the town. The medieval settlement was established by ]. Livanates has been attested since 1540 as an |
], an ancient settlement site, can be found at the edge of the town. The medieval settlement was established by ]. Livanates has been attested since 1540 as an Albanian settlement.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Çiçek |first1=Kemal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I41pAAAAMAAJ&q=which+are+inhabitated+by+Albanians+in+1506,+paid+tax+per+dönüm.+as+in+1540+Livanates,+also+an+Albanian+village |title=Pax Ottomana: studies in memoriam Prof. Dr. Nejat Göyünç |last2=Göyünç |first2=Nejat |publisher=Yeni Türkiye |year=2001 |isbn=90-804409-6-5 |page=173 |quote=which are inhabited by Albanians in 1506, paid tax per dönüm. as in 1540 Livanates, also an Albanian village}}</ref> The ] dialect spoken in Livanates has some unique features that differentiate it from the other Arvanitic dialects.<ref>{{cite book|title=Anthropological linguistics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WeBpAAAAIAAJ&q=(The+gerund+as+an+object+complement+is+not+allowed+by+the+Greek+syntax+and+has+not+been+part+of+the+Tosk+Albanian+vernacular.+...+Only+one+community+has+been+found+%E2%80%94+the+village+of+Livanates,+in+the+northeastern+extreme+of+the|volume=25|year=1983|publisher=Anthropology Department, Indiana University|page=301}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Beeler|first=Madison|title=American Indian and Indoeuropean studies: papers in honor of Madison S. Beeler|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mwmDAAAAIAAJ&q=livanates|year=1980|publisher=Mouton|isbn=90-279-7876-X|page=340}}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | Livanates had 1,021 people in the 1890s. In April 1894, a strong earthquake ravaged the town, killed 5 residents and injured 20 more. | ||
| Livanates was famous for the ] leader ], his father Andreas Veroussis (known as Andritsos) was born in 1740. His monument is founded in the main square. He was chief of the Greeks and allied with ]. Katsonis along with his tiny navy and Andritsos with 500 citizens and brought large disorder to the Turks and crushed their rebellion in the late 18th century. Andritsos was an excellent armatolos. In 1793, Katsonis were taken to Constantinople and were tortured to death. | |||
| ⚫ | During the occupation in World War II, Canada saved many Athenians from starvation by donating wheat, potatoes, chick peas and cottons, as well as vegetables. During that period, Kynos hill was used for its military base as a camp and a prison. | ||
| Livanates had 18 revolutionary leaders of Greek Revolution of 1821: Dimitriso Angelis, Anestis Georgiou, Antonios Ioannou, Ioannis Karalimba, Kyriakos Katsaros, Loukas Konsta and Pseftoura, Michalis and Angelis Michalopoulos, Panagiotis Mitzios and Tsiotis, Georgios Mougkos, Veroussis Nikolaou (first cousion of Odysseas Androutsos), Dimitrios Polyberopoulos, Giannakis Papatheodosiou, Nikos Staboulota, Dimos Stergiou, Makris Stergiou and Steriano, Ioannis Tselikas and Georgios Vergos. | |||
| In 1825, ], hero of ], with 600 Albanians marched to Livanadis where from March 31 to the following day, brought arms against Gkoura and Roukis. Later, it mentioned that the capture of Androutsos was done in Livanates. The officer of the government along with their leader Gkouras, changed lieutennants for Androutsos. When Androutsos disagreed with the government, he brought their men into the town. He was taken to the Acropolis in Athens where he was assassinated and hanged. | |||
| ⚫ | Livanates |
||
| ⚫ | During the occupation in World War II, |
||
| ==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
| Line 46: | Line 35: | ||
| Notable sites are the Church of Agioi Theodoroi, a small Byzantine church which is an alleged site of ], and the Monastery of the Transfiguration. | Notable sites are the Church of Agioi Theodoroi, a small Byzantine church which is an alleged site of ], and the Monastery of the Transfiguration. | ||
| Livanates |
Livanates has three beaches, 'Kyani Akti' (''Blue Coast''),'Skinia' and 'Ai-Giannis'. Kyani Akti is the main beach and is located 1-1.5 km from the main square. | ||
| ==Other== | ==Other== | ||
| The Livanates ''Odysseas Androutsos'' Cultural Council |
The Livanates ''Odysseas Androutsos'' Cultural Council was formed in 1979 and is named after the famous hero of the Greek Revolution of 1821. Livanates also has a women's council known as ''I Pyrrha'' and a football (soccer) club known as Dafni (] in 2002 and 2005 and cup winner in 2004). | ||
| <gallery> | <gallery> | ||
| Line 57: | Line 46: | ||
| </gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| == |
==Sources== | ||
| {{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| ==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
| *Dimitrios P. Avraam ''Lokrika'', Lamia, 2001 | *Dimitrios P. Avraam ''Lokrika'', Lamia, 2001 | ||
| *Balta, Evangelia ''The Region of Atalanti and Moudounitza in the Ottoman Period (15th-16th Century), from ''ax Ottomana. Studies in Memoriam Prof. Dr. Nejat Göyünç'', (ed.) Kemal Cicewk, Haarlem-Ankara 2001, Sota-Yeni Türkiye, 151-182 | *Balta, Evangelia ''The Region of Atalanti and Moudounitza in the Ottoman Period (15th-16th Century)'', from ''ax Ottomana. Studies in Memoriam Prof. Dr. Nejat Göyünç'', (ed.) Kemal Cicewk, Haarlem-Ankara 2001, Sota-Yeni Türkiye, 151-182 | ||
| *Biris, Kostas I. ''Arvanites - The gift of Modern Greek: History of Greek Arvanites'' (''Αρβανίτες - Οι δωριείς του νεώτερου ελληνισμού: Ιστορία των Ελλήνων Αρβανιτών'') Melissa 1998 | *Biris, Kostas I. ''Arvanites - The gift of Modern Greek: History of Greek Arvanites'' (''Αρβανίτες - Οι δωριείς του νεώτερου ελληνισμού: Ιστορία των Ελλήνων Αρβανιτών'') Melissa 1998 | ||
| *Christoforou, Manthos L. ''I Opoundia Lokrida kai i Atalanti - Mnimes kai martyries'' (''Opuntian Locris and Atalanta/Atalanti, Monuments and Memorials'', Parts 1 (1991) and 2 (1993), Athens, Atalanti Historic and Folkloric Information Company (EILEA). | *Christoforou, Manthos L. ''I Opoundia Lokrida kai i Atalanti - Mnimes kai martyries'' (''Opuntian Locris and Atalanta/Atalanti, Monuments and Memorials'', Parts 1 (1991) and 2 (1993), Athens, Atalanti Historic and Folkloric Information Company (EILEA). | ||
| Line 68: | Line 57: | ||
| *Karastathis, Konstantinos ''Malesina, History, Memorials and Ancient Villages'' (''Μαλεσίνα: Ιστορία, Μνημεία, Αρχαιολογικοί χώροι'') 1999 | *Karastathis, Konstantinos ''Malesina, History, Memorials and Ancient Villages'' (''Μαλεσίνα: Ιστορία, Μνημεία, Αρχαιολογικοί χώροι'') 1999 | ||
| *''Locrian Chronicles'' (''Λοκρικά Χρονικά'') Athens 1997, Atalanti Historic and Folkloric Information Company (EILEA), 3rd Edition | *''Locrian Chronicles'' (''Λοκρικά Χρονικά'') Athens 1997, Atalanti Historic and Folkloric Information Company (EILEA), 3rd Edition | ||
| *Mitsopoulos, K. 1895 ''The Great Locrian Earthquake in April 1894'' (''Ο μέγας της Λοκρίδος σεισμός – κατά τον Απρίλιο του 1894'') |
*Mitsopoulos, K. 1895 ''The Great Locrian Earthquake in April 1894'' (''Ο μέγας της Λοκρίδος σεισμός – κατά τον Απρίλιο του 1894'') National Press, Athens 1895 | ||
| *Protopappas, Zisis (1952) ''Lokrida'' (''Λοκρίδα''), Athens | *Protopappas, Zisis (1952) ''Lokrida'' (''Λοκρίδα''), Athens | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| * {{el}} | * {{in lang|el}} | ||
| * {{el}} | * {{in lang|el}} | ||
| * {{el}} | * {{in lang|el}} | ||
| {{Greece-geo-stub}} | |||
| {{Lokroi div}} | {{Lokroi div}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:05, 24 October 2024
Community in Greece| Livanates | |
|---|---|
| Community | |
  Livanates | |
| Coordinates: 38°43′N 23°03′E / 38.717°N 23.050°E / 38.717; 23.050 | |
| Country | Greece |
| Administrative region | Central Greece |
| Regional unit | Phthiotis |
| Municipality | Lokroi |
| Municipal unit | Dafnousia |
| Elevation | 5 m (16 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Community | 2,333 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Vehicle registration | ΜΙ |
Livanates (Greek: Λιβανάτες) is a seaside town in Phthiotis, central Greece. It is located 68 km southeast of Lamia and it was the seat of the municipality of Dafnousia between 1997 and 2011. Its population in 2021 was 2,333.
History
Kynos, an ancient settlement site, can be found at the edge of the town. The medieval settlement was established by Albanians. Livanates has been attested since 1540 as an Albanian settlement. The Arvanitic dialect spoken in Livanates has some unique features that differentiate it from the other Arvanitic dialects.
Livanates had 1,021 people in the 1890s. In April 1894, a strong earthquake ravaged the town, killed 5 residents and injured 20 more.
During the occupation in World War II, Canada saved many Athenians from starvation by donating wheat, potatoes, chick peas and cottons, as well as vegetables. During that period, Kynos hill was used for its military base as a camp and a prison.
Economy
The region produces meat, fish, potatoes, tomatoes, olives and olive oil, tobacco and cotton.
Landmarks
Notable sites are the Church of Agioi Theodoroi, a small Byzantine church which is an alleged site of krifo scholio, and the Monastery of the Transfiguration.
Livanates has three beaches, 'Kyani Akti' (Blue Coast),'Skinia' and 'Ai-Giannis'. Kyani Akti is the main beach and is located 1-1.5 km from the main square.
Other
The Livanates Odysseas Androutsos Cultural Council was formed in 1979 and is named after the famous hero of the Greek Revolution of 1821. Livanates also has a women's council known as I Pyrrha and a football (soccer) club known as Dafni (prefectural (subregional) winner in 2002 and 2005 and cup winner in 2004).
-
Livanates, view of the coast overlooking Euboea
-
Livanates, view by the Ai Giannis church, near Kynos.
Sources
- "Αποτελέσματα Απογραφής Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2021, Μόνιμος Πληθυσμός κατά οικισμό" [Results of the 2021 Population - Housing Census, Permanent population by settlement] (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority. 29 March 2024.
- Çiçek, Kemal; Göyünç, Nejat (2001). Pax Ottomana: studies in memoriam Prof. Dr. Nejat Göyünç. Yeni Türkiye. p. 173. ISBN 90-804409-6-5.
which are inhabited by Albanians in 1506, paid tax per dönüm. as in 1540 Livanates, also an Albanian village
- Anthropological linguistics. Vol. 25. Anthropology Department, Indiana University. 1983. p. 301.
- Beeler, Madison (1980). American Indian and Indoeuropean studies: papers in honor of Madison S. Beeler. Mouton. p. 340. ISBN 90-279-7876-X.
Further reading
- Dimitrios P. Avraam Lokrika, Lamia, 2001
- Balta, Evangelia The Region of Atalanti and Moudounitza in the Ottoman Period (15th-16th Century), from ax Ottomana. Studies in Memoriam Prof. Dr. Nejat Göyünç, (ed.) Kemal Cicewk, Haarlem-Ankara 2001, Sota-Yeni Türkiye, 151-182
- Biris, Kostas I. Arvanites - The gift of Modern Greek: History of Greek Arvanites (Αρβανίτες - Οι δωριείς του νεώτερου ελληνισμού: Ιστορία των Ελλήνων Αρβανιτών) Melissa 1998
- Christoforou, Manthos L. I Opoundia Lokrida kai i Atalanti - Mnimes kai martyries (Opuntian Locris and Atalanta/Atalanti, Monuments and Memorials, Parts 1 (1991) and 2 (1993), Athens, Atalanti Historic and Folkloric Information Company (EILEA).
- Christoforou, Manthos L. Opoudos (Opus) and Atalandi (Atalanta), Timeline of 4000 Years (Χρονολόγιο Οπούντος και Αταλάντης 4000 χρόνια – εν τάχει) - Municipality of Atalanti Publishers
- Karastathis, Konstantinos Malesina, History, Memorials and Ancient Villages (Μαλεσίνα: Ιστορία, Μνημεία, Αρχαιολογικοί χώροι) 1999
- Locrian Chronicles (Λοκρικά Χρονικά) Athens 1997, Atalanti Historic and Folkloric Information Company (EILEA), 3rd Edition
- Mitsopoulos, K. 1895 The Great Locrian Earthquake in April 1894 (Ο μέγας της Λοκρίδος σεισμός – κατά τον Απρίλιο του 1894) National Press, Athens 1895
- Protopappas, Zisis (1952) Lokrida (Λοκρίδα), Athens
External links
- Website with information about Livanates (in Greek)
- Municipal unit of Dafnoussia (in Greek)
- Municipal unit of Dafnoussia (in Greek)
| Subdivisions of the municipality of Lokroi | |
|---|---|
| Municipal unit of Atalanti | |
| Municipal unit of Dafnousia |
|
| Municipal unit of Malesina |
|
| Municipal unit of Opountioi | |