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{{Short description|German chemist (1831–1985)}}
{{Infobox scientist {{Infobox scientist
⚫ | name = Hermann Hellriegel
|image = Hermann Hellriegel.jpg |image = Hermann Hellriegel.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth date|1831|10|21}}
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = {{nowrap|{{death date and age|1895|9|24|1831|10|21}}}}
| death_place = Bernburg, Anhalt, German Empire
}} }}
'''Hermann Hellriegel''' (1831-1895) was a noted ] ] who discovered the mechanism by which ] assimilate the free ] of the atmosphere. '''Hermann Hellriegel''' (October 21, 1831 &ndash; September 24, 1895)<ref name=Nature1895>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/053011a0 | title = Hermann Hellriegel | journal = Nature | volume = 53 | issue = 1358 | pages = 11 | year = 1895 | bibcode = 1895Natur..53Q..11. | doi-access = free }}</ref> was a German ] who discovered that ] assimilate the free ] of the atmosphere.


==Biography== ==Biography==
He was born at Mausitz (near ]), in ]. In 1857 he became director of the ] of ] and ] at ], from which he resigned in 1873, and in 1882 accepted a similar post at ], where he died. From 1873 to 1882, he was ''Wanderlehrer'' (] teacher) at Bernburg. He was born at Mausitz (now part of ]), in the ]. In 1857 he became director of the ] of ] and ] at ], from which he resigned in 1873, and in 1882 accepted a similar post at ], where he died. From 1873 to 1882, he was ''Wanderlehrer'' (] teacher) at Bernburg.


==Nitrogen fixation== ==Nitrogen fixation==
{{main|Nitrogen fixation}}
Among his many agricultural investigations with plants none rank in importance with his demonstration of the ability of leguminous plants to assimilate the free nitrogen of the air, and his discovery of the tubercles on the roots as the agency through which this takes place. The question of the ability of leguminous plants to use the nitrogen of the air had long been one of inquiry, and its settlement by him marked an epoch in the agricultural world. The important parts of these experiments he published in ''Untersuchungen über die Stickstoffnahrung der Gramineen und Leguminosen'' (Investigations into the Nitrogen assimilation of the ] and ]; Berlin, 1888), and ''Ueber Stickstoffnahrung landwirtschaftlicher Kulturgewächse'' (On Nitrogen assimilation in agricultural crops; Vienna, 1890). Among his many agricultural investigations with plants, the most important by far are his demonstration of the ability of leguminous plants to assimilate the free nitrogen of the air, and his discovery of the tubercles on the roots as the agency through which this takes place. The question of the ability of leguminous plants to use the nitrogen of the air had long been one of inquiry, and its settlement by him marked an epoch in the agricultural world. The important parts of these experiments he published in ''Untersuchungen über die Stickstoffnahrung der Gramineen und Leguminosen'' (Investigations into the Nitrogen assimilation of the ] and ]; Berlin, 1888), and ''Ueber Stickstoffnahrung landwirtschaftlicher Kulturgewächse'' (On Nitrogen assimilation in agricultural crops; Vienna, 1890).

Hellriegel and Wilfarth (1887) "grew plants in calcined soil as others had done, but to some of the pots they added leachings from a fertile soil, in other words, an inoculum containing ] of the proper species and variety. They found that peas growing in inoculated soils produced root nodules, and after an initial period of nitrogen deficiency, turned green and made thrifty growth. On the contrary, peas in a similar soil without an inoculum were unthrifty and perished prematurely."<ref>Howard S. Reed (1942) ''A Short History of Plant Science'', page 230, Chronica Publishing</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}


==References== ==References==
* {{Cite NIE|Hellriegel, Hermann|year=1905|vb=1}} This work in turn cites: * {{NIE|wstitle=Hellriegel, Hermann|year=1905}} This work in turn cites:
**Römer, ''Hermann Hellriegel, Nachruf'' (Leipzig, 1896) **Römer, ''Hermann Hellriegel, Nachruf'' (Leipzig, 1896)


==External links== ==External links==
{{wikisource author}} {{wikisource author}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Hermann Hellriegel}}


{{Authority control}}
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| NAME = Hellriegel, Hermann
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1831
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 1895
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hellriegel, Hermann}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hellriegel, Hermann}}
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Latest revision as of 09:01, 21 November 2024

German chemist (1831–1985)
Hermann Hellriegel
Born(1831-10-21)October 21, 1831
Mausitz, Kingdom of Saxony
DiedSeptember 24, 1895(1895-09-24) (aged 63)
Bernburg, Anhalt, German Empire

Hermann Hellriegel (October 21, 1831 – September 24, 1895) was a German agricultural chemist who discovered that leguminous plants assimilate the free nitrogen of the atmosphere.

Biography

He was born at Mausitz (now part of Zwenkau), in the Kingdom of Saxony. In 1857 he became director of the agricultural experiment station of Brandenburg and Niederlausitz at Dahme, from which he resigned in 1873, and in 1882 accepted a similar post at Bernburg, where he died. From 1873 to 1882, he was Wanderlehrer (circuit riding teacher) at Bernburg.

Nitrogen fixation

Main article: Nitrogen fixation

Among his many agricultural investigations with plants, the most important by far are his demonstration of the ability of leguminous plants to assimilate the free nitrogen of the air, and his discovery of the tubercles on the roots as the agency through which this takes place. The question of the ability of leguminous plants to use the nitrogen of the air had long been one of inquiry, and its settlement by him marked an epoch in the agricultural world. The important parts of these experiments he published in Untersuchungen über die Stickstoffnahrung der Gramineen und Leguminosen (Investigations into the Nitrogen assimilation of the Gramineae and Leguminosae; Berlin, 1888), and Ueber Stickstoffnahrung landwirtschaftlicher Kulturgewächse (On Nitrogen assimilation in agricultural crops; Vienna, 1890).

Hellriegel and Wilfarth (1887) "grew plants in calcined soil as others had done, but to some of the pots they added leachings from a fertile soil, in other words, an inoculum containing bacteria of the proper species and variety. They found that peas growing in inoculated soils produced root nodules, and after an initial period of nitrogen deficiency, turned green and made thrifty growth. On the contrary, peas in a similar soil without an inoculum were unthrifty and perished prematurely."

Notes

  1. "Hermann Hellriegel". Nature. 53 (1358): 11. 1895. Bibcode:1895Natur..53Q..11.. doi:10.1038/053011a0.
  2. Howard S. Reed (1942) A Short History of Plant Science, page 230, Chronica Publishing

References

External links

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