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== Pseudoscience again again. ==

I note again the Pseudoscience in the lede is being argued over. I've reverted to the last stable version, and now I'm prepared to talk here. I would note that the section as it stands now is reliably sourced, and that to adjust said sources to be the weasely "It has been put forth that astrology bears," is not really in line with said sources, and is terrible passive voice. Please express your concerns with the passage here. Thanks. ] (]) 14:49, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
:I've never liked the particular phrasing of that sentence. It would be nice if we should just succinctly state that astrology is bullshit (in a more encyclopedic way obviously) rather than the clunky wording we have now. Something like, "astrology is a pseudoscience and as such is not taken seriously by the academic or scientific communities, instead being relegated to certain aspects of popular culture such as newspaper horoscopes. Some scientific testing of astrology has been conducted and no evidence has been found to support either the premises or purported effects outlines in astrological tradition. Furthermore, the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood basic aspects of biology and physics" I think this sums up the issue nicely, thoughts? ]<sup>]</sup></font> 23:20, 8 May 2012 (UTC)

::Yeah, I like that, though it is a bit more than just newspaper horoscopes. The details of why it's a pseudoscience, which we currently have in the lead only because of the POV war, would really be better in the text. — ] (]) 23:31, 8 May 2012 (UTC)

:::I have problems with it. Saying that Astrology is a pseudoscience is basically the same thing as saying that it is not taken seriously by the scientific community, so "astrology is a pseudoscience and as such is not taken seriously by the academic or scientific communities" is like saying the same thing twice in slightly different ways. More importantly, it's clearly true that astrology exists in a variety of different forms, and I don't thing it's either accurate or helpful to say that it's "relegated to certain aspects of popular culture such as newspaper horoscopes". ] (]) 23:44, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
::::Decided to be bold and I added the text. Feel free to improve, I think it can be adjusted to incorporate your points and will still sound better than what we have now. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 23:45, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::I have reverted. I appreciate what you're trying to do, but I don't think that the wording you used was very good, and I have questions about how accurate the content was. Please let's work this out carefully on the talk page. ] (]) 23:48, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::I don't find the redundancy a problem. Most people don't really know what pseudoscience is, and this helps clarify. Otherwise we're just spouting jargon. — ] (]) 23:50, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::That wasn't my main reason for reverting. I do have doubts about the factual accuracy of Saedon's version - it ignores, just for one example, professional astrology, which is not the same thing as those sun sign columns in newspapers. ] (]) 23:52, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::Don't you think your point can be incorporated into the new version and it would be better than what we have now? I don't disagree with your assessment, I just think that the new version can be fixed. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 23:55, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::<small>Oh, and re "Please let's work this out carefully on the talk page" - don't worry, I wasn't planning on edit warring this in :). ]<sup>]</sup></font> 23:58, 8 May 2012 (UTC)</small>
::::To your points. (i) While pseudoscience is never taken seriously by the scientific community, it's not the same statement. If those were equivalent then it would be akin to saying that "astrology is a pseudoscience and because it is a pseudoscience," but in fact my statement is that ''because'' astrology is a pseudoscience it is not taken seriously by the scientific community. (ii) I don't know how it's inaccurate to say astrology has been relegated to popular culture. It's not being pursued as an academic field by any serious scholarly body (with the exception of some schools in India, where political motivations based on superstition have allowed it to be taught in schools, but the Indian scientific community has rejected it just the same) and is only taken seriously by non-scientists. This is essentially what our article goes on to say, so per ] it makes sense as a summary of the article. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 23:53, 8 May 2012 (UTC)

:::::{{ec}} on adding the same objection to my response. Newspaper horoscopes are a bit like the tide tables in the newspaper are to oceanology. They're the fortune cookies of astrology. I don't know this, but I suspect that many professional astrologers think they're bullshit, yet truly believe in astrology. — ] (]) 23:59, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::That's probably true. How do we describe professional astrologers without giving undue weight to astrology? ]<sup>]</sup></font> 00:03, 9 May 2012 (UTC)
{{outdent}}
It's inaccurate to say that astrology has been relegated to popular culture because professional astrology still exists - and it's not the same thing as popular culture. There are any number of ways in which astrology might be significant that aren't about sun sign columns or per se about popular culture (it's one of ]'s influences in ''Sexual Personae'', a work of literary criticism - which is just a single example). I was about to mention the example of India, but you beat me to it. ] (]) 00:08, 9 May 2012 (UTC)
:Ok, point taken, can you please find a way to fix the version I introduced to compensate for your points? ]<sup>]</sup></font> 00:12, 9 May 2012 (UTC)
:Well, let's consider your version point for point: "Astrology is a ] and as such is not taken seriously by the academic or scientific communities, instead being relegated to certain aspects of popular culture such as newspaper ]. Some ] of astrology has been conducted and no evidence has been found to support either the premises or purported effects outlines in astrological tradition. Furthermore, the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of ] and ]." I've no problem with the "pseudoscience" part, but everything from there needs to be qualified. "Not taken seriously by the academic or scientific communities" leaves out India - and I'm sure we don't want to do that. Some mention of professional astrology would have to be added to "certain aspects of popular culture such as newspaper ]." I'm unsure about the details of testing astrology, but I won't quibble over that, being a non-expert. I am aware that the part about astrology contradicting well understood, basic aspects of biology is contradicted by what Carl Sagan said on the subject - there may be no known way in which the planetary bodies could influence us in the way astrology requires, but that doesn't mean that they couldn't, since we don't know everything about how the universe works. ] (]) 00:25, 9 May 2012 (UTC)
::Ok, I've been trying to figure out a way to integrate your changes and haven't been able to do so without significantly expanding the paragraph and so I'm just going to remove that sentence entirely. Since you said you didn't object to the rest I assume we're good with the new wording. If you have any suggestions on how to readd that sentence with your concerns addressed (i.e. specific wording) then please edit it in. Thanks. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:05, 12 May 2012 (UTC)

You reverted again because you dislike that version, but above you outlined your problems and I addressed them. What do you dislike now? Also, what do you ''like'' about the current version? ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:24, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:I dislike nearly everything about your preferred version of the lead. To begin with, it removes sources. While the lead may not technically need sources, they do help to clarify matters, and removing them isn't the way to go. If you could propose a sourced version here, we could discuss that. ] (]) 20:28, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::] it is not an argument that holds much weight unless you have specific objections. As you said yourself, the lede does not technically need sources so long as it summarizes sourced statements in the article and this is the case, so sourcing is an irrelevant objection. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:30, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::I made my objections fairly clearly earlier. You have simply reinstated your preferred version, which is poorly written, without making any changes to address my concerns. I'm not interested in discussing matters if you insist on trying to force your changes through by edit warring, whatever ridiculous excuses you give for that. "It takes two to edit war" is a juvenile comment, implying as it does that something I do gives you an excuse for bad behavior. Apologize, then maybe we can make some progress. ] (]) 20:38, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::::I didn't address your concerns? Your concern was that one clause of the statement was not factually accurate, I addressed this by removing that clause. Your other objections have been answered by myself and by Kwami. You went on to say "I'm unsure about the details of testing astrology, but I won't quibble over that," so I assume that the testing portion is not the problem, and I explained that the first sentence is not actually redundant because it is making a claim of cause and effect, not a repetition of the same claim . Your new objection is that it is not sourced, but since being sourced is not a requirement so long as it's sourced in the body it's not a relevant objection. What would you like me to address? I am vehemently against edit warring when the person reverting gives a valid reason to revert, but you just not liking it is not a valid reason without specifics. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:41, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::Maybe you should listen to what the other fellow has to say first before deciding whether there's a "valid" reason for reverting? Or is a "valid" reason one you personally agree with? That's a very lame excuse for your bad behavior here. ] (]) 20:43, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::Please address the points I made above regarding your objections. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:46, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::Stop making excuses for your edit warring. I don't accept your arguments, and had you bothered to try to understand what I was saying, you'd realize that I do indeed have "valid" reasons for reverting you, whether you like it or not. Your preferred version is, "Astrology is a pseudoscience and as such is not taken seriously by the academic or scientific communities. Some scientific testing of astrology has been conducted and no evidence has been found to support either the premises or purported effects outlined in astrological tradition. Furthermore, the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics." In comparison to the other version, that's vague and very badly written. The older version gave clear ''reasons'' why astrology is a pseudoscience; yours does not. You gave no reason at all for removing mention of the fact that astrology "makes little attempt to develop solutions to its problems, shows no concern for the evaluation of competing theories, and is selective in considering confirmations and dis-confirmations". It's quite unhelpful to say something like "Some scientific testing of astrology has been conducted", without further elaboration. You claim that your version is supported by the main text of the article; I'm skeptical of that. Exactly which parts support which statements? ] (]) 20:53, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
{{od}}
I'm not interested in a metaconversation about editwarring, I'm here to talk about content. So far two editors have expressed problems with the current wording, Kwami says above "The details of why it's a pseudoscience, which we currently have in the lead only because of the POV war, would really be better in the text."
My version gives exact reasons why it's a pseudoscience: "the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics." There is nothing "vague" about my version at all, it very concisely and succinctly states the following facts: astrology is pseudoscience, it is not seriously studied by academia and no evidence exists to support it. The lede isn't supposed to delve into detail, it's supposed to summarize the respective sections of the article. The old version is difficult for someone not educated in the sciences to understand. For instance, the statement "is selective in considering confirmations and dis-confirmations." would make no sense to someone who doesn't have a scientific background, while "contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics" is very clear.
"Some scientific testing of astrology has been conducted" is supported by the section in which we describe the scientific testing that has been conducted. "the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics" is supported by the Hawkings and Tyson refererences.
]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:58, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:Discussion of editor behavior is perfectly appropriate for the talk page. It's just tough if you don't like it. ] (]) 21:07, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::No, it's appropriate for a noticeboard, article talk pages are to discuss improvements to articles. Please comment on content per ]. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 21:09, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::I will comment on content. I will also comment on your behavior. Too bad if you don't like it. If you run to an admin and try to stop me, we'll see what happens. You're guilty of edit warring, and your behavior is obnoxious. I'm unmoved by ''assertions'' that the details of why astrology is a pseudoscience belong out of the lead, regardless of whether the assertion comes from Kwami or anyone else. I am not a scientific expert, but I have no trouble whatever understanding the statement that astrology is "selective in considering confirmations and dis-confirmations" - maybe you shouldn't assume that readers are all likely to be sub-par morons? 21:14, 12 May 2012 (UTC)] (])
::::I ''am'' a biologist and I have only the slightest idea what that sentence means without making some assumptions, so if you as a non-scientist somehow grasp it then I imagine you have super sensory powers of mind reading because the sentence is not very clear. I don't consider our reader's comprehension to be sub-par and I never called anyone a moron, that is a ] and in violation of ] which states that one should "not misrepresent other people: The record should accurately show significant exchanges that took place, and in the right context. This usually means: Be precise in quoting others." Kwami's and my point is not simply an argument by assertion, it's based on ] which states that greater detail should be covered in the body and not in the lede. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 21:23, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::Detail is a matter of degree. Whether any particular piece of information is appropriate to the lead or not should be subject to discussion, and you have not bothered to provide any reason at all for removing the information in question. So I will be restoring it, and undoing your other changes. Making the lead say that "conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics" is POV pushing, not because it reflects badly on astrology, but because it's contradicted by Sagan's views: "dismissing astrology because there was no mechanism (while 'certainly a relevant point') was not in itself convincing". ] (]) 21:28, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::I can see that your interest is only in using obstructionist tactics to prohibit changes to the article and so rather than deal with you I will just call an RFC. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 21:29, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::Do what you like. You've been engaging in edit warring to push though a poorly written, POV version of the lead (despite what you claim, it clearly does ''not'' reflect the article fairly), and that's clear for all to see. For my part, I will be reverting you, if no one else does so before me. ] (]) 21:37, 12 May 2012 (UTC)

== RFC on change to pseudoscience summary in lede ==

The current wording is:
{{quotation|While astrology may bear a superficial resemblance to science, it is a ] because it makes little attempt to develop solutions to its problems, shows no concern for the evaluation of competing theories, and is selective in considering ] and dis-confirmations.<ref>Kelly, I.W., R. Culver and P.J. Loptson, 1989: Astrology and science: an examination of the evidence. In ''Cosmic perspectives: essays dedicated to the memory of M.K.V. Bappu'', S.K. Biswas, D.C.V. Mallik, and C.V. Vishveshwara, eds., Cambridge University Press, 249 pp.</ref><ref>] '' by Paul R. Thagard. See also ] ''Science and Engineering Indicators''; ch 7: 'Science and Technology. Public Attitudes and Understanding: '. National Science Foundation (2006); retrieved 19 April 2010:"About three-fourths of Americans hold at least one pseudoscientific belief; i.e., they believed in at least 1 of the 10 survey items" ..." Those 10 items were extrasensory perception (ESP), that houses can be haunted, ghosts/that spirits of dead people can come back in certain places/situations, telepathy/communication between minds without using traditional senses, clairvoyance/the power of the mind to know the past and predict the future, astrology/that the position of the stars and planets can affect people's lives, that people can communicate mentally with someone who has died, witches, reincarnation/the rebirth of the soul in a new body after death, and channeling/allowing a "spirit-being" to temporarily assume control of a body."</ref>}}

The wording I am proposing is:
{{quotation|Astrology is a ] and as such is not taken seriously by the academic or scientific communities. Some ] of astrology has been conducted and no evidence has been found to support either the premises or purported effects outlined in astrological tradition. Furthermore, the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of ] and ].}}

See ] for background to the dispute ]<sup>]</sup></font> 21:56, 12 May 2012 (UTC)

===Discussion===
*'''Support change''' My argument: The old wording is clunky and hard for someone who doesn't have a background in science to understand. For instance, the statement "is selective in considering confirmations and dis-confirmations" would likely make little sense to someone who doesn't have a scientific background, or at least be vague enough to misunderstand (I do have a scientific background and I can attest that this phrasing is not something that we would use in scientific discourse).
:Further, it delves into details about pseudoscience that are not appropriate for a summary per ] and since this isn't an article about ], but about astrology, it also doesn't make sense to summarize the entire science section of the article by only stating that astrology is a pseudoscience and what pseudoscience is, when the article goes into detail about the scientific research and whatnot.
:The old wording ascribes a motive to astrology when it says "it makes little attempt..." Astrology is a body of belief and as such cannot logically make attempts to do anything. One could maybe say that ''astrologers'' make little attempt to develop solutions to the problems with astrology, but as written the passage doesn't make a lot of sense.
:I believe the new wording is more concise and succinct and better summarizes the article. Kwami agreed with the new wording and Polisher of Cobwebs objected but I found his objections to be contrary to ] and mostly just obstructionist with a tad of ], hence this RFC.
:Lastly, as Kwami points out above, the old wording is a product of a POV edit war that took place, IIRC, in mid 2011 during a rather chaotic era of this page. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 21:56, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Support change'''. The new wording is a significant improvement as a summary of the relevant section in the article, per ]. I also agree that it is much easier to understand in general. ] (]) 22:25, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Support change''' In addition to Saedon's summary, I'd add that statements such as '''"astrology may bear a superficial resemblance to science"''' are self-evidently false. The proposed wording gives a more accurate impression of the mainstream view of astrology. --] (]) 22:30, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::: Suggest you check the verifiable source given in ref 67 "In 2001, 53% of Europeans surveyed thought astrology is 'rather scientific' and only a minority (39%) said it is not at all scientific." This is the reason astrology has been labelled a pseudo-science. To argue that there is no superficial resemblence to science is to argue against referring to it as a pseudo-science. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 19:51, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Oppose change''' The old wording is perfectly good, and should be easy for anyone of normal intelligence to understand. Saedon's complaint that "Astrology is a body of belief and as such cannot logically make attempts to do anything" is pedantic, and an irrelevant objection. "Astrology makes little attempt...", or words to that effect, is perfectly reasonable as a figure of speech. Finally, Saedon's version is POV and does not reflect the article accurately at all. Its statement that "the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics" is contradicted by Carl Sagan's comments. ] (]) 23:08, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::You misunderstand Sagan's statement. He only said that he would not sign a statement that indicated Astrology was a pseudoscience based solely on the fact that astrologers don't provide a mechanism. This is a wholly different statement than astrology being a pseudoscience based on ''contradicting'' known mechanisms. Both are compatible with ], which is the basis of scientific thought. You said yourself that you don't have a science background so perhaps you'd be better off not attempting to interpret scientific statements. The rest of what you wrote is your usual style of ] coupled with ]. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 23:17, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::Sagan's statement obviously contradicts the idea that astrology contradicts known principles of biology and physics - it implies that we don't ''know'' that there couldn't possibly be any way in which it could work. Oh, PS: ] isn't the basis of scientific thought, it's a philosophy that has been largely abandoned for more than fifty years. ] (]) 23:20, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::::You may think you're dealing with people who don't know what they're talking about but that's not the case. Your argumentation is transparent and I seriously doubt it's fooling anyone. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 23:28, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
::Polisher, could you kindly quote the Sagan statement you are referring to? I'm not moved by accusations of pedantry - we are trying to write an encyclopedia here: Correctness is of paramount importance. --] (]) 23:38, 12 May 2012 (UTC)
:::Here is the full quote, POC should take care to note the last sentence especially:

{{quotation|In the middle 1970s an astronomer I admire put together a modest manifesto called `Objections to Astrology’ and asked me to endorse it. I struggled with his wording, and in the end found myself unable to sign, not because I thought astrology has any validity whatever, but because I felt (and still feel) that the tone of the statement was authoritarian. It criticized astrology for having origins shrouded in superstition. But this is true as well for religion, chemistry, medicine and astronomy, to mention only four. The issue is not what faltering and rudimentary knowledge astrology came from,but what is its present validity. Then there was speculation on the psychological motivations of those who believe in astrology. These motivations – for example, the feeling of powerlessness in a complex,troublesome and unpredictable world – might explain why astrology is not generally given the sceptical scrutiny it deserves, but is quite peripheral to whether it works. The statement stressed that we can think of no mechanism by which astrology could work. This is certainly a relevant point but by itself it’s unconvincing. No mechanism was known for continental drift (now subsumed in plate tectonics) when it was proposed by Alfred Wegener in the first quarter of the twentieth century to explain a range of puzzling data in geology and palaeontology. (Ore-bearing veins of rocks and fossils seemed to run continuously from eastern South America to West Africa; were the two continents once touching and the Atlantic Ocean new to our planet?) The notion was roundly dismissed by all the great geophysicists, who were certain that continents were fixed, not floating on anything, and therefore unable to `drift’. Instead, the key twentieth-century idea in geophysics turns out to be plate tectonics; we now understand that continental plates do indeed float and `drift’ (or better, are carried by a kind of conveyor belt driven by the great heat engine of the Earth’s interior), and all those great geophysicists were simply wrong. Objections to pseudoscience on the grounds of unavailable mechanism can be mistaken – although if the contentions violate well-established laws of physics, such objections of course carry great weight.|Carl Sagan}}

]<sup>]</sup></font> 00:02, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:Nowhere does the statement by Sagan say that astrology violates "well-established laws of physics." I suppose someone might try to read into it the suggestion that astrology does violate them, but there's no direct statement to that effect there, and we shouldn't try to do ]. So I stand by my case that Saedon's version of the lead is POV. Those concerned with correctness please take note. ] (]) 00:40, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::Considering I'm not using the Sagan quote as a source that's not relevant. You were ''attempting'' to use the Sagan quote to contradict what I wrote, but it doesn't contradict it, so now you are changing your argument to insinuate that the wording depends on the quote. It doesn't. It paraphrases the science section which is supported by a quote by the world's foremost physicist, Stephen Hawking, saying that astrology contradicts known physical facts. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 00:45, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::I beg your pardon? The Sagan quote obviously contradicts what you added to the lead, which was, "the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics." That implies that the hypothesis cannot conceivably be true, while Sagan is pointing out the contrary, that we don't ''know'' that it couldn't possibly be true. You're welcome to believe that there's no contradiction, but just making the assertion isn't helpful. And if you think I've changed my argument, then I'm afraid you've utterly misunderstood what I said. I haven't changed my position at all, and I find your comments bizarre. ] (]) 01:11, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::::It appears to me that you're using anything you can to keep this change out of the article because you just don't like it. Frankly, it's ] and I'm done arguing with you, especially since you've admitted both a lack of a scientific background and on your talk page you admit you lack detailed knowledge of astrology. There is so far a consensus of 4 editors who think the new wording is better and you are the only editor to hold your position. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 01:18, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::Saedon, I suggest that rather than make ad hominem arguments, you address what I said. You accused me of changing my position, but as far as I can tell (and I think I know what my position is better than you do), I've done no such thing. It would help discussion if each side understands what the other side is saying, so would you mind please explaining to me again why you believe I've changed my mind? Thanks. ] (]) 01:44, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::No I'm sorry but I feel as though I've spent enough time debating this with you; it will be up to uninvolved editors to determine the consensus on the matter. ]<sup>]</sup></font>
::::::Your conclusion from the Sagan quote was not only far from being obvious, it is patently false. Sagan's statement indicates that it is the current state of any pursuit that should be subjected to criticism, not its origins, and that speculation regarding the psychological motivations of the practitioners is also not a legitimate basis for criticism. He didn't like the tone of the statement he had been asked to sign, and he said that an absence of a known mechanism need not mean that a hypothesis is incorrect. All of these are generic comments about the nature of appropriate criticism. He isn't saying anything specifically about what astrology does or does not contradict, but instead is criticizing the manner in which astrology was being criticized for its origins, the mental state of those practicing it, and the lack of a mechanism. He does not address whether or not astrology contradicts known laws, only saying that the violation of such laws represent a weighty argument against a hypothesis. (It's probably also worth pointing out that we have learned a lot more about physics and biology in the past 42 years, so even were Sagan to have said in 1970 that astrology didn't violate the laws of biology or physics, which he didn't, it wouldn't necessarily apply today.) As to changing your position, he never said that you did, only that you had changed your ''argument'', which you did (although perhaps you didn't intend to). Your original statement was of the nature of 'Sagan ''contradicts'' the new wording,' but after the full quote was given, you made a change to the claim saying, 'Sagan ''fails to support'' the new wording', which while superficially similar is actually quite different (and importantly places the burden of proof on the other party). That is when Saedon rightly indicated that you had changed your argument. You have since gone back to the original line of 'Sagan ''contradicts'' the new wording.' While you may not have changed your position, you have indeed changed your argument, twice. However, given that Sagan's quote neither contradicts nor is being used to support the new wording, its continued discussion is an all-together irrelevant distraction. ] (]) 02:13, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::I stand by what I said about Sagan. It quite simply makes no sense to say that astrology contradicts known principles of whatever if there could be a mechanism by which it works ''for all we know''. I suppose that Sagan ''could'' have meant to say that astrology could work by some mechanism for all we know but that this does ''not'' mean that it does not contradict known principles, but that would be stupid, and since Sagan was a bright guy, I see no reason to suppose that he meant such an absurdity. Try giving Sagan (and me) credit for a little more intelligence. Also, thanks for attempting to explain to me what my own argument/position is or isn't, but I'm not really in need of such explanation. That Sagan (directly, or by implication) contradicts Saedon's version of the lead is what I've always said. Your comments about what my argument was/is are mumbo-jumbo as far as I'm concerned. ] (]) 02:33, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::This has nothing to do with intelligence, Sagan's or yours. It does have to do with reading what Sagan said, and not reading into what Sagan said. Sagan was not addressing the basis for astrology, he was addressing the appropriate basis for scientific criticism and more specifically why he declined to sign a specific set of what he considered to be inappropriate criticisms written in an authoritarian tone. He wasn't going to engage in speculation about the mindset of the proponents or denigrate a field for having origins shared by much of science, and the lack of a mechanism need not mean a hypothesis is wrong - and so he wasn't going to sign a statement criticizing astrology ''on these grounds'', because these are not valid grounds for criticism. One should not imply from this that, given a different statement that was based on appropriate scientific criticisms, he wouldn't have signed it willingly. His whole quote is just telling people that when you criticize something, you should use the right arguments (an example of which he provides at the very end of the quote). Whatever your position may always have been, your response to the complete quote was "Nowhere does the statement by Sagan say that astrology violates 'well-established laws of physics'". Saedon and I both read this as 'Sagan nowhere supports Saedon', which is different from 'Sagan contradicts Saedon'. If this is not what you meant, then at least we have that clear. ] (]) 03:20, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::::There is no reason to address the question of the appropriate basis of scientific criticism of anything if you think it doesn't, or couldn't, have any possible basis. So the distinction you're making is false. Blathering posts in which you repeat what you've already said at tedious length are a waste of talk page space my friend. ] (]) 03:27, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::::Obviously the space was wasted because you ''still don't get it'', my uncivil friend - Sagan wasn't really even talking about astrology in this paragraph. It just served as a pretext for him to discuss of the nature of correct scientific discourse. And the reason? Because he thought it was a point worth making. What more reason does one need? ] (]) 05:12, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::::::Sagan wasn't really taking about astrology? Could have fooled me, because it looks as though he ''was'' talking about astrology. But in any case, your side is obviously winning the RFC, which I will respect. ] (]) 05:53, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Support change'''. I think User:Yobol summed it up nicely. The change would improve the article even further if its second sentence was amended to read ''"Scientific testing of astrology has not found evidence to support either the premises or purported effects outlined in astrological tradition."'', but no matter, the proposed change will be a major improvement. ] (]) 03:22, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Support change'''. I would much prefer Moriori's version, though with just a minor change: "Scientific testing of astrology ''has found no evidence'' to support either the premises or purported effects outlined in astrological tradition." ] (]) 05:12, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::: That would be very problematic because science ''has'' tested and verified many elements of astrological tradion. The astrological tradition is huge and multi-faceted and science has taken a lot from it historically. It really depends what premises or purported effects you are talking about. We could go into more boring details of course, but it is only WP editors who get so obsessive about exploring this subject through its characterisation as a pseudo-science. The visitor wants to know what the subject is supposed to be about according to its own definition too. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 20:03, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

*'''Comment'''. There is a bit of a problem with the last sentence of the proposed wording: "Furthermore, the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics.".
:1)Not all forms of astrology are about effects on "individual lives", there is also "mundane astrology" and "financial astrology" where it is believed that the planetary cycles affect regions, countries or even the whole world. Just like the gravitational pull of the Moon on an individual bottle of water in your fridge is negligible, but taken over a much larger area, the same gravitational pull of the Moon adds up to tidal forces that are clearly not negligible. Actually, "mundane astrology" is the more older and common form, while the belief in "individual horoscopes" is a rather new development within "astrology".
:2)The phrasing also suggests that physics and biology are understood so well already, that we can rule out the possibility of astrology. I am not sure that every scientist will be ready to make that contention.
:Astrology is not considered a pseudoscience because the possibility of it has been disproven by science. Astrology is considered a pseudoscience because it has not produced sufficient ''independently verified'' evidence for any of its claims or theories, and is in fact making little or no efforts to do so. So, the first two sentences of the proposal are OK. But, I would suggest to change or remove the last phrase of the proposed edit, if this is to be accepted. ] (]) 06:19, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::I strongly agree. ] (]) 06:31, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::I agree with some of your criticisms also but am ridiculously tired atm so give me till tomorrow and I'll comment and we can find a way to tweak it to address your points. In the meantime, if you have any particular changes in mind (aside from just deleting the sentence, because I think we can reword it rather than delete) please don't hesitate to present them. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 08:50, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::No problem, there is time. Basically, the lede is supposed to give a brief summary of what is found in the rest of the article. So we also have to consider proper proportion and due weight. We definitely need this paragraph mentioning the pseudoscientific status of astrology. A third sentence can be used here, but I think it should be more broadly phrased. The biology-physics objection to "individual astrology" is a bit too specific for that purpose. ] (]) 09:13, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

*'''Comment''' I am unsure if the current 2 sources even actually verify the current text. No mention is made in the second source of astrology superficially resembling science. ] (]) 11:27, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

*'''Support change''' to first two sentences, with 3rd sentence conditionally on the extra sourcing check mentioned above. I note that the sources to verify much of the content is already in the article. ] (]) 11:36, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::My reasoning is that we shouldn't be trying to pretend that astrology is actually taken seriously as a predictive tool. The new wording is far clearer. I think a better wording for the first sentence might actually be that: ''Astrology is a pseudoscience and as such is not taken seriously as a predictive tool by the scientific community.'' ] (]) 18:32, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::: Astrology is indeed taken seriously as a predictive tool. See the first comments in the 'Effect on European Culture' section and the references that verify them (from credible scientific souurces). And this is just Western European culture, Eastern Europeans and other geographical regions have a stronger commitment to astrological belief. So it would be a pretence to suggest that astrology is not taken seriously as a predictive tool, or that it is not respected by a significance number of people. WP editors are here to report world views not change them. On the other hand I see that your proposal is trying to clarify an otherwise hopelessly problematic suggestion. But it really is not making things clearer. Giving a clear statement (such as we have already) that astrology is a pseudoscience is all that is needed to demonstrate that astrology does not (in general terms) hold a position in modern science. What we have already is qualified by the reasons for this, as verified by credible references. There are divisions of astrology that this article does not explain. Natural astrology (as opposed to 'judicial astrology') concerns weather prediction, seasonal changes and meteorolgical events and these sorts of planetary cycles are taken seriously as predictive tools, because there really is a correlation between celestial phenomena and earth phenomena. There are lots of elements of astrology that cross the borders of other sciences. The main point is that the lede should summarise the most pertinent points of the article's content, not be rewritten at whim to make a point that suits a WP editor's personal view of the subject. I hope we can all agree to that -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 19:30, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::::By seriously, I meant by scientists, not by the general public. The consensus of scientists is that it's all bullshit. Misplaced Pages should reflect that scientific consensus. ] (]) 07:56, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::Exactly. There are also many people who take the 2012 doomsday predictions serious, but that doesn't mean that science takes it serious. An encyclopedia tries to be complete, so the general standpoint of science also gets its part of the coverage. That's what the pseudoscience part in the lede is doing. ] (]) 08:42, 14 May 2012 (UTC)

*'''Comment:''' I support the change to the first two sentences, with the 3rd sentence removed. It doesn't belong in the lede, even IF it is adequately sourced. ] (]) 16:17, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

*'''Support change''' I think it makes more sense and makes people that may trust astrology less likely to do so because of the wording. ] (]) 17:44, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::Reasons for a change should be based on policy and guidelines. Your vote appears to not be based on policy or guidelines. ] (]) 18:27, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Comment:''' "basic aspects of biology and physics". Would you care to define which aspects are intended here? The introduction does not offer a definition. The "Modern scientific appraisal" section does not even mention biology. The lack of a defined physical mechanism (for astrology) is mentioned, but not any specific scientific principle which contradicts its existence. As for the distinction between ], ], ], etc, it is currently not reflected in the text. ] (]) 23:42, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Oppose change''': The word "science" has changed meanings since the 1600's when astrology was labelled with the word "science". Back then the word meant something like "general knowledge" - and not "ideas tested using the scientific method", which is what that word means today. Since we don't write Misplaced Pages in archaic language - we have to use a modern word that means "makes predictions like a science does, but without following the scientific method" - and the correct word for that is "pseudoscience" (check any dictionary!). Hence the proposed change is extremely misleading to a modern reader. The change implies that at some time in the past, astrologers were carefully testing and documenting their ideas, subjecting them to peer review and following the "hypothesis/experiment/publication/reproduction-of-experiment/publication/theory" approach that "science" (by the modern definition of the word) dictates. This rewording of the lede implies that astrology has changed over the years - when in fact it has not (or at least not in any material way) - when in fact the meaning of the word "science" has changed. Hence this change to the lede must be soundly rejected. ] (]) 13:04, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
::Hi Steve, since you're the first voice to oppose, could you explain why? I'm not following your argument. I don't see how it is implied that astrology has changed over the years. — ] (]) 05:47, 22 May 2012 (UTC)
:::I think he's saying that a comparison to science, as implication of astrology's faults, isn't fair since science's definition has shown to be historically tenuous. I think it's a dubious argument. If science changed, practices that purport to use its methods should've changed with it, or accept their fate. Science is just another word for currently-accepted logic. If you don't use ''that'' as a basis for the evolution of ideas, choosing instead to stick to science's one-time definitions, that's a choice to become archaic. That's basically all a comparison to science is saying, and it's accurate. '''<font face="Century Gothic" style="text-shadow:1px 1px 3px #999;">] <small>]</small>''' 06:11, 22 May 2012 (UTC)</font>
*'''Support change''' - Hehe... This is the first time I've seen this article and the current wording made me laugh. It looks like a chip on the shoulder. "shows '''no concern for''' the evaluation of competing theories..." You can tell some scientist was deeply hurt by astrology in his youth. "'''superficial resemblance''' to science", "'''little attempt''' to develop solutions to its problems", carry similar problems. I might use subjective words like these myself in arguments, but it's not for an encyclopedia. Kind of an angry forum post instead. Replacement is definitely more neutral, and standard with the way we address these kinds of topics. '''<font face="Century Gothic" style="text-shadow:1px 1px 3px #999;">] <small>]</small>''' 01:30, 21 May 2012 (UTC)</font>
*'''Support Change''' per ].--<span style="">] <span style="font-size:70%; vertical-align:sub;">]&#124;]</span></span> 19:21, 21 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Comment''' - I '''support replacing''' the existing text. However, the proposed replacement is not satisfactory. The phrasing "''is not taken seriously''" is clumsy and lacks the authoritative tone expected in a reputable reference such as an encyclopedia. And surely there are some academicians, perhaps with expertise in cultural anthropology, history of science, cognitive psychology, or behavioral economics, who have serious professional interests in astrology. ]'s comments on the third sentence of the proposed text are also worth considering. While I am not yet sure of the best alternative, I think something along the lines of the following would be preferable to what has been proposed thus far: {{pre2|While astrology may bear a superficial resemblance to science, it is a ]. The claims of astrology have not been confirmed by ], and experiments have found that astrologers perform no better than chance at making predictions.}}
:There is no need to explain in the passage what is meant by referring to astrology as a pseudoscience; the reader who does not know what pseudoscience means can follow the wikilink to a detailed discussion of the term. The phrasing I am proposing ("''the claims of astrology have not been confirmed by controlled studies''," rather than "''some scientific testing of astrology has been conducted and no evidence has been found to support either the premises or purported effects''") also reflects the generally accepted notion in science that the burden of proof for acceptance of a hypothesis falls on those who argue in support of it, not on those who challenge its validity. The previously-proposed phrasing ("''no evidence has been found''") may offer some readers the wiggle room of concluding that the reason no evidence has been found is that not enough tests of the right sort have been conducted. ] (]) 11:54, 27 May 2012 (UTC)
*'''Support replacing''' (in a different way) - I think it would be even better to merge the two proposals, e.g.{{pre2|Astrology is a ]. The claims of astrology have not been confirmed by ], and experiments have found that astrologers perform no better than chance at making predictions. Astrologers make little attempt to develop solutions to their problems, do not evaluate astrology against competing theories, and are ] in considering evidence. Furthermore, the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts well understood, basic aspects of ] and ].}}
:I agree that the current sentence isn't presented well though - note that I changed it in this proposal, and I'm sure it could be improved further. I think this is also more authoritative, since "Astrology is a pseudoscience" is a sentence by itself in this version. If I had to choose either version though, I would take the second, so I also '''support change'''. ] (]) 04:10, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
<p>*I '''support''' that changes are needed but oppose the replacement prose in its current form. In presenting my thoughts, red text is bad, black text is mine, and green text is good. Looking at the current prose: <span style="color:red">While astrology may bear a superficial resemblance to science</span> I have a problem with this because it is a negative weasel sentiment, casts doubt for no gain, and appears bias affecting credibility <span style="color:green">it is a pseudoscience</span> <span style="color:red">because it makes little attempt to develop solutions to its problems</span> This is unsourced wp:or and can't be known, let alone taught; a thing we should not be doing. I suggest that it is as reasonable, as far as wp:or goes, that 'it makes great attempts to develop solutions; but to no demonstrable scientific conclusion. <span style="color:red">shows no concern</span> purely negative conjecture <span style="color:green">for the evaluation of competing theories, and is selective in considering confirmations and dis-confirmations</span></p><p>The alternate text begins well with the simple factual statement: <span style="color:green">Astrology is a pseudoscience</span> <span style="color:red">and as such is not taken seriously by the academic or scientific communities.</span> this seems like wp:or and it draws a false conclusion. It is not that '''as such they are not taken seriously''', but that '''they are seriously taken as such'''. Their designation as a pseudoscience is the scientific result of serious consideration. <span style="color:green">Some scientific testing of astrology has been conducted and no evidence has been found to support either the premises or</span> <span style="color:red">purported</span> purported is negative weasel wording, straight off the list <span style="color:green">effects outlined in astrological tradition. Furthermore, the conjectural hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives contradicts</span> <span style="color:red">well understood</span> you're probably blowing your own scientific horn by stating how well understood the applicable discipline is (not), <span style="color:green">basic aspects of biology and physics.</span></p><p>Pardon my candor, but those are my impressions. Now, I understand that we should not endeavor to teach a conclusion, but rather present the verifiable facts, allowing the reader to decide. Given that, here is an example of prose which state the uncolored facts as I perceived them to be</p><p>Astrology is classified as a pseudoscience within academia and the scientific community. Primarily it has failed to provide grounds for its own accreditation; seemingly content functioning at the fringe of believability. When scientific models are applied, Astrology consistently emerges immeasurable and unverifiable. While Astrologists conjecture an hypotheses that planetary bodies affect individual human lives, they fail to offer any mechanism for consideration instead being satisfied that an inability to refute assertions is sufficient proof of their truth.</p><p>I hope something of value may be gleaned from this, for it is the culmination of my ability in this RfC and it lies before you; bare. Good luck - ] (]) 08:44, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
:'''Comment'''. This is definitely useful feedback. I would phrase the last sentence a bit different however:
:"While '''astrologers''' conjecture hypotheses that planetary bodies '''correlate with human and terrestrial affairs''', they fail to offer any mechanism for consideration instead being satisfied that an inability to refute assertions is sufficient proof of their truth."
:(my changes in bold text). Not all astrologers believe that there is (or must be) a mechanism by which the planets "affect" us, some believe there is only a "correlation" (without further explanation on how that is supposed to work). And since not all astrology pertains to "individual human lives", we better include "terrestrial affairs". ] (]) 09:22, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
:'''Comment'''. I think this version has a couple of potential things to recommend it, but I don't think it's an overall improvement even over the current text. You have some similar problems in your proposal, e.g. the phrases "seemingly content," "fringe of believability," "being satisfied," and "emerges immeasurable and unverifiable." The phrase "within the academia and the scientific community" is redundant, since there is no other way for something to be classed as pseudoscience. Finally, you left out the point that it contradicts basic biology and physics, which is verifiable, and seem to have "watered down" the point that there is no evidence to support it. ] (]) 12:45, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
::You're correct of course. Which source verifies that Astrology contradicts basic biology and physics? ] (]) 13:55, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
:::It is unlikely we will find a source to describe how astrology contradicts biology as astrology is not exactly a normally discussed topic in the biological sciences, and the reasons deal with some high level biochemical concepts that, frankly, would be a waste of time on the part of a researcher to discuss in regards to astrology. When I wrote my proposed change above I did it based on what I know as a biologist and so it can probably be considered ]. Physics, however, is not a problem; we have the Hawking and deGrasse Tyson quotes in the article that describe astrology as both inconsistent with known physical facts and as having been discredited 600 years ago, respectively. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:39, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
::::Actually, sources for biology are page 59, and page 265. The first one actually raises (on the same page) some other useful points that might be incorporated, e.g. that " legitimate scientific body" considers astrology a science, and that astrologers do not use the scientific method. ] (]) 01:36, 29 May 2012 (UTC)

*'''Comment''' I started this discussion but have not been around to discuss due to being busy irl. I just want to say that I'm glad the discussion is progressing in this fashion, i.e. that other editors have taken my text and worked with it to make a better version (it's very annoying when people criticize without offering constructive edits of their own). I like a lot of what has been proposed. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:53, 28 May 2012 (UTC)

*'''Support change''' Responding to the RFC. The proposed phrasing seems more neutral and factually correct to me, rather than accusing "astrology" of actively failing to do something as if it were some personal entity capable of taking action or being held personally liable. I don't think that's a pedantic point, as stated in one of the comments above; why shouldn't the words used reflect the sourced evidence? The new wording doesn't substantially change the overall thrust of the statement, but it seems clearer (I'd argue it isn't more concise, because it's longer, but I don't see an issue with that) and, actually, more neutrally phrased. I would add, though, that ] makes some good points, and I'd support his suggestions. ] (]) 06:33, 2 June 2012 (UTC)

*'''<s>Oppose</s> Support ANY change''' Responding to the RFC. While I don't object to the words "pseudoscience" and "astrology" existing in the same sentence, the proposed wording (and the current wording) is a caveat of mainstream smugness and scientific elitism, something that WP should avoid as bias. The current lead identifies astrology as a belief system: right there that tells the reader it is not mainstream science. A better approach than the proposed change would be to treat the issue like any belief system is treated, and avoid such smug protestations of rightness or wrongness. For instance, something like -- "Astrology had a long history as a science, but today is treated as a pseudoscience by most of the contemporary mainstream scientific community." -- would be a less offensive description of the same sentiment. &mdash; ] (]) 23:17, 7 June 2012 (UTC)<br />Edited to strike oppose and insert support any, also to support changing the current wording to anything better than it is now. &mdash; ] (]) 23:29, 7 June 2012 (UTC)
*'''Sourcing''' I have a copy of The Cosmic Perspective (an astronomy text book), a source we currently use in the article. I forgot about this chapter, but there is a section dedicated to astrology that we can use to support the claim that there's no evidence for astrological predictions. {{quotation|In hundreds of scientific tests, astrological predictions have never proved to be accurate by a substantially greater margin than expected from pure chance. Similarly, in tests in which astrologers are asked to cast horoscopes for people they have never met, the horoscopes fail to match actual personality profiles more often than expected by chance. The verdict is clear: The methods of astrology are useless for predicting the past, the present, or the future. |A cosmic perspective, 5th edition, pp86}}
Using an astronomy text book to help define the generalities of the topic is probably our best bet and we can then not have to deal with the cherry picking that comes along with minor results in this or that study. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 00:54, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

*'''Comment''' I'm in agreement with the points that Sctechlaw made above. His suggestion "Astrology had a long history as a science, but today is treated as a pseudoscience by most of the contemporary mainstream scientific community" is all we need to say in the lede. It's a credible and reliable comment, and offers a clear and succinct summary of the points explored in more detail in the article. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 02:46, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

== There are issues to resolve before putting the proposed text to a vote ==

Before anything is actioned by a vote editors should consider the fact that the proposed text is unsupportable. In fact the proposer of the alteration reveals a worrying motivation in the comment he made when he started proposing changes – “It would be nice if we should just succinctly state that astrology is bullshit (in a more encyclopedic way obviously) rather than the clunky wording we have now.” (SÆdon 23:20, 8 May 2012). Actually, I don’t see how the wording was clunky.

Misplaced Pages’s purpose is to provide objective, impartial and verifiable information that is free from prejudice and bias. If Saedon’s motivation is not in line with that he should resist from editing this page. I have included a reference in the article text which demonstrates that academic communities take a very different view of the subject than the one they are claimed to take in the lede. Academic communities adopt a scholarly attitude and it would be an unsupportable change to claim that they do not take the study of this subject seriously. In addition, to imply that scientific communities don’t take seriously any subject they concern themselves with is just a ridiculous nonsense point to make. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 12:41, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:You have re-added text that is undue for reasons I have already stated. You can not say that "The history and cultural impact of astrology remains of interest to scholars for reasons summarized by David Pingree" when it is very obvious from the quote that this is in fact no summary but him stating his own position with ''I would argue,...''. ] (]) 14:45, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:::: Apologies for appearing to give no edit-reason. This was a mistake based on catching up again with WP procedures and not intentional (and doing two things at once). Let me explain here so you understand - you took out the quote from David Pingree, who held the reputation of being, without doubt, the leading academic scholar in the relevant field. He was also, BTW, quite clear and outspoken in the fact that he was not a believer of astrology (so no bias on his part - he merely represents the academic approach to this subject). When Pingree presents an argument, it becomes a definitive stance within his community. There are numerous scholars and notable academics who take seriously their research into astrology for the reasons Pingree outlined. To quote Pingree is to quote the most significant and reliable source, and it is a matter of interest to anyone who turns to this page for information on the history of astrology - why else is the cultual impact of astrology on the development of science of such interest to academics? Since some editors want to present a false scenario they should see this quote which proves otherwise. We cannot state that the academic community does not take the subject seriously when it clearly does. I suggest that before anyone else change the text to state that the academic community does not approach the subject seriously, they present a reference of similar weight by which to justify a comment which (I would argue) makes a spurilous assertion. As a WP editor I think it is only right to remove unverifyable comments and that is why I reverted what appeared to be a hasty change on your part. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 14:54, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:::::Note; you have inappropriately rolled back my edit, this is clearly inappropriate per ] while we are discussing the issue here. ''rollback is used to undo problematic edits such as vandalism'' not good faith edits. ] (]) 15:13, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:::::Quoting him when it is clearly his own opinion is inappropriate, if he was summing up the consensus it would be stated. His use of ''I would argue,'' indicates clearly that his opinion isn't the consensus but his own opinion. The reference does not support the text you have added. ] (])

:::::: Re the roll-back - explained in my post above. There are degree courses on the history and cultural impact of astrology, and many notable professors of classics and other fields of study are continually publishing papers on the subject. To suggest otherwise is false I'm afraid, and to suggest that scholars engage in such research without taking it seriously is obviously innapropriate. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 15:23, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:::::::It's irrelevant what you think is wrong or false if you do not have the sources to back it up. What we need is reliable sources, not original research on whether Pingree's quote reflects the reasons why Astrology is of academic interest. I note from the quote that he also does not appear to be directly discussing astrology either. ] (]) 15:43, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::: Yes, he specified astrology and astral omens, which is of direct relevance I'm sure you'll agree. In any case, though I didn't personally feel it was necessary have added another reference in response to your request for further citation. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 16:32, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::::The first source appears to give a different reason for the study compared to the second. ] (]) 16:37, 13 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::::No, it doesn't. Don't lose your credibility by inventing more reasons to pretend not to see what is written in reliable sources. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 16:41, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

There is one fundamental issue to be resolved before putting the issue to a vote here. We don't resolve issues by voting. ] (]) 20:31, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:I don't suppose you'd care to tell us what you think that issue is, would you? ] (]) 23:44, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

::I think HiLow is saying that the issue is we do not resolve issues with a vote. I'm not sure that's true given that there are many issues which are routinely resolved by a show of consensus. --] (]) 23:54, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

:::Ah, thanks. So obvious I missed it entirely. ] (]) 02:06, 14 May 2012 (UTC)

::::A vote is almost the antithesis of a consensus. ] (]) 08:30, 14 May 2012 (UTC)

{{od}}Historians (like Pingree) studying the "historical and cultural impact" of something, doesn't equal research "into the field itself". I am sure there are also historians who study the historical and cultural impact of voodoo magic, phrenology or bloodletting. But that doesn't mean that voodoo magic ceases to be pseudoscience and is now a serious field of study. For historians everything from astrology to voodoo to phrenology can be a "topic of study", but that doesn't imply that academics are now taking the beliefs or theories of astrology and voodoo serious. The only thing they take serious is the historical or cultural impact it has or has had.</br>
The historical impact of astrology already gets plenty coverage in the second paragraph of the lede. There is no need to mention it in the pseudoscience paragraph as well. ] (]) 07:35, 14 May 2012 (UTC)

:The historical section introduced by Zac is a misleadingly presented cherry-picked quote that violates weight and relies on a quibble. While Classical astrology and medieval astrology may be of some interest to scholars, modern astrology is practically ignored, and universally disparaged. Futhermore, it is only one man's opinion, and is given undue weight. The implication that scholars give any scientific credence to the non-astronomical elements of classical and medieval astrology, or to any aspect of modern astrology at all, is patently false. ] (]) 21:35, 17 May 2012 (UTC)
::To answer you fully:
:::: ''The historical section introduced by Zac is a misleadingly presented cherry-picked quote that violates weight and relies on a quibble.''
::Not at all. It’s not "a section" but a highly pertinent comment, substantiated by further credible reference to the same view, which also gives reference to many other similar opinions recently expressed in academic works (check for yourself, if you doubt this). It is very relevant to its section, because (for one thing) it explains why the history of astrology is worthy of encyclopedic coverage. The quote, placed as it is in the history section, does nothing more than demonstrate the reasons why the history and cultural impact of astrology is a subject of interest, which still receives scholarly exploration.
::::''While Classical astrology and medieval astrology may be of some interest to scholars, modern astrology is practically ignored, and universally disparaged. Futhermore, it is only one man's opinion, and is given undue weight.''
::a) How would your comment on ''modern'' astrology justify the removal of content related to the ''historical'' significance of astrology?
::b) As the two references you removed demonstrate, the information presents far more than “only one man’s opinion”, and by removing it I think you gave undue weight to your own personal opinion, rather than that of credibly published and verifiable academic comment which is in keeping with the aims of wikipedia.
::::''The implication that scholars give any scientific credence to the non-astronomical elements of classical and medieval astrology, or to any aspect of modern astrology at all, is patently false.''
::Before removing the referenced information again, please explain how you would justify your opinion that Pingree’s declaration that “the intellectual content must be related to the culture that produced and nourished each, and to the social context within which each arose and developed” presents patently false implications of relevance to “scientific credence” rather than being the academic statement that it is, on why the history of the subject is considered to be worthy of serious attention by historians of science.
::I note that you also removed the referenced material in the lede which clearly explains the categorization of astrology as a pseudo-science, despite all the above objections as to why the proposed alternative is unsuitable. This sort of runs roughshod over the efforts of editors who have and are contributing to the discussion on that point. Rather than simply delete encyclopedic material, please make the attempt to engage in consensus-building discussion, as others are doing. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 22:29, 17 May 2012 (UTC)

:::Part of the ] cycle is to not re-insert the material after the initial revert but instead get consensus. You have now re-inserted the section 3 times, instead of getting consensus after the ''1st'' revert. You also appear to have misused your rollback features again. ] (]) 22:42, 17 May 2012 (UTC)

::::Actually, after every objection I made amendments to attend to the concerns of the objection (as I did here before Dominus Vobisdu removed the material and its accompanying references without due cause again). This shows that I am applying thoughtful consideration to the process, not just reverting/deleting appropriate material based on whether it suits my own point of view. So let's see what reasonable objections are to be made about the content (reproduced below but without the supporting references which can be seen ) I don't believe that Misplaced Pages has a policy of censoring information that is relevant and verifiable, and the only reason I can assume that this comment is being censored is that it doesn't suit the case that some anti-fringe editors want to make, that astrology is "universally disparaged", (despite the fact that I exist, clearly don't disparage the subject, and so it is comments like this that are seen to be "patently false")
{{od}}Disputed content:
::::::: The history and cultural impact of astrology remains of interest to scholars. The reasons for academic interest were demonstrated by David Pingree, one of America's foremost historians of the exact sciences in antiquity, who argued that astrology and various forms of astral omens:
::::::::... deserve to be studied by historians of science with as serious and thorough a purpose as are the topics that we usually find discussed in history of science classrooms or in the pages of Isis. This means that their intellectual content must be probed deeply, and not simply dismissed as rubbish or interpreted in the light of modern historical mythology; and that the intellectual content must be related to the culture that produced and nourished each, and to the social context within which each arose and developed.

Am happy to allow time for reasoned discussion and sensible feedback on why content such as the above could legitimately be defined as breaking WP policy. I welcome that and will wait to see it materialise before editing again -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 23:22, 17 May 2012 (UTC)

::Rather than making amendments and then re-inserting it again you should be putting the case for why it's relevant and then modifications would be made here first as a result of the discussion, constrast that with the current edit warring in the article. See ]: ''Don't use edits to fight with other editors – disagreements should be resolved through discussion.'' ] (]) 23:26, 17 May 2012 (UTC)
:::A final comment before leaving the discussion so that other editors can express their opinions. I think I've sufficiently done that and have not made any edit without fully justifying it and making my case on this talk page. That should be easily apparent from the record of discussions above. I have no intention of engaging in 'editorial fights'. I am simply asking that (what I perceive to be) appropriate content is not deleted without logical reason, (or "scare-mongering criticisms" that don't actually apply to it). -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 23:49, 17 May 2012 (UTC)
::::2C. Paraphrasing. The paragraph says the 'history and cultural impact of astrology" '''is''' something (of interest to scholars). The Pingree statement says astrology '''should be''' studied, and does not say anywhere that it '''is being''' studied. Pingree's quote does not support the statement ''"The reasons for academic interest were demonstrated by David Pingree....."''. Synth. ] (]) 00:14, 18 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::: Please re-read. The paragraph says "The history and cultural impact of astrology ''remains'' of interest to scholars". The verifying reference goes to Kassell's paper, published in ''Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences''; vol 41, issue 2 (June 2010). It amply verifies that this is the case, and includes reference to a number of other scholars who have reported on the continuing academic interest in the history of astrology. Lauren Kassell is a senior lecturer in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 01:05, 18 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::Are there any proposed reasons why this text is problematic in its current state? If so please explain the basis of any applicable objections as I am under the impression that its modifications have addressed any relevant earlier concerns. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 08:27, 19 May 2012 (UTC)

{{od}}Pingree is stating that this is his own argument and opinion and not necessarily widely held: ''All of these subjects, '''I would argue''', were or are sciences within the contexts of the cultures in which they once flourished or now are practiced. As such they deserve to be studied by historians of science''. That he demonstrates the the reasons for academic interest rather than just elaborated on his own opinion appears to be original research on your part. ] (]) 11:51, 19 May 2012 (UTC)

{{od}}I find it hard to accept that argument myself, but to eliminate the concern:
::::::: The history and cultural impact of astrology remains of interest to scholars. David Pingree, one of America's foremost historians of the exact sciences in antiquity, argued for the value of such research, saying that astrology and various forms of astral omens:
::::::::... deserve to be studied by historians of science with as serious and thorough a purpose as are the topics that we usually find discussed in history of science classrooms or in the pages of Isis. This means that their intellectual content must be probed deeply, and not simply dismissed as rubbish or interpreted in the light of modern historical mythology; and that the intellectual content must be related to the culture that produced and nourished each, and to the social context within which each arose and developed.
-- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 14:11, 19 May 2012 (UTC)
{{od}}I agree with the sub-heading of this section. There "are" things that need cooperative resolution, and the better prose suited for the lead will be a by-product. I came here by random invitation without reservations regarding the topic. My initial impression is that the current presentation begs for modification, while the suggested change requires the benefit of more collaboration. Collaboration is obviously stifled amidst allegations of tendentious editing and frankly I offer these with reluctance, for I do anticipate an ad hominem demise. I'll certainly observe with interest and perhaps more. Good luck - ] (]) 20:32, 19 May 2012 (UTC)

<hr>Per your request for further comment: the proposed wording states (without citation) that <i>'''no evidence''' has been found to support either the premises or purported effects outlined in astrological tradition.</i> It's quite easy to unaware of all of the history of this question, but blanket statements like "no evidence" -- apart from being essentially impossible to verify but easier to falsify -- are only confirmatory of a particular reality tunnel on the question. <br>I'll just mention, for one, that famous Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung thought he'd found some evidence ... and that just to carry off the "no evidence" claim you'd need to cite someone who'd disproven his findings. (Who would that be?) And that's just one.<br> I suggest that a campaign to debunk astrology via a scientific POV is ill-conceived and doomed. Apart from the many charlatans and unconvincing causalities, respectable people can disagree on things, particularly on the fringes of issues which are decidedly outside the present range of scientific inquiry. (Many things are!) <br>I think it's enough to say something to the effect that the claims of astrology are unscientific, and that there's no consensus on the question, and let it go at that. To go further and claim that it's all just irrational bunk is to be guilty of the air of dogmatic certainty that positivists, like religionists, have always gotten in trouble over. ] (]) 04:02, 3 June 2012 (UTC)
:@Twang. You say: "..famous Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung thought he'd found some evidence ... and that just to carry off the "no evidence" claim you'd need to cite someone who'd disproven his findings."
:My question:
:*1)Is it as you say: "..Jung '''thought he'd found''' some evidence" ?
:*2)or did Jung actually '''present''' his evidence? And if so, where?
:*3)and if #2 is the case, then was his "evidence" independently confirmed? By whom?
:We don't need someone to disprove his findings, we need his findings to be verified before there is concensus that it is "evidence". Has that happened?
:The sentence could probably be improved by replacing "no evidence" with "no independently verified evidence", because a lot of astrologers believe(or think) that they have "evidence" for the working of astrology, it is just that their "evidence" has never made it past the "verification" steps that science typically requires. And that's what we report in the article. ] (]) 05:56, 3 June 2012 (UTC)

== Why are editors of this page not adhering to the core policies of WP? ==

I have attempted to add content to this article in line with WP's ]. The material presents a neutral point of view, it is verifiable, and it is not presenting original research. The guidelines tell us that we should aim to account for different notable views - the content I have added makes additions that are not only relevant, but record notable views and a notable definition of the subject. I have asked for any applicable objections to be raised and any that were applicable led to adjustments to eliminate the concern. Now I am aware of no applicable objections to this material, and if there are any justifyable reason for the material not being added I would ask for it to be justified here.

] and ] are not engaging in the editorial process by removing material, insisting I gain consensus first, but then refusing to engage in talk-page discussion, (or any kind of debate that would allow their objections to be addressed). Dominus Vobisdu is wrong to claim that the onus is on me to gain his permission first, the onus is only on the contributing editor to adhere to the policies and provide appropriate incline citations - which I have done. ]:

::'''Anything challenged or likely to be challenged'''
::All quotations and any material challenged or likely to be challenged must be attributed to a reliable published source using an inline citation. The citation should fully identify the source, and the location within the source (specifying page, section, or such divisions as may be appropriate) where the material is to be found. See Citing sources for details of how to do this.
::'''Burden of idence'''
::The burden of evidence lies with the editor who adds or restores material. '''You may remove any material lacking an inline citation to a reliable source'''. Whether and how quickly removal should happen depends on the material and the overall state of the article; consider adding a citation needed tag as an interim step. Editors might object if you remove material without giving them time to provide references. It has always been good practice to try to find and cite supporting sources yourself. Do not leave unsourced or poorly sourced material in an article if it might damage the reputation of living people; you should also be aware of how the BLP policy applies to groups.

So, again, if either of these editors, or anyone else, has an applicable objection please explain it and engage in the process that leads towards consensus.{{unsigned|Zachariel|18:29, 22 May 2012‎}}
:If someone reverts your addition, you should take the issue to the talk page, rather than reverting again. Burden actually doesn't enter in until a discussion is started, so let's start one now. I've only skimmed but I don't see anything blatantly wrong with it. The editors who reverted you should probably explain their objections. '''<font face="Century Gothic" style="text-shadow:1px 1px 3px #999;">] <small>]</small>''' 18:37, 22 May 2012 (UTC)</font>

:The text appears to be inherently original research as you are selecting material out of primary sources in the case of Pingree and interpreting sources in the case of Kassell. Your Kassell reference does not verify the text, I read the paragraph around your two short quotations which appear to be out of context. The sentence actually reads "''With the rise sympathetic accounts of occult philosophies and practical sciences, astrology rewarded serious attention''", how does that verify ''The history and cultural impact of astrology remains of interest to scholars.'' You quote David Pingree but give no indication of the due weight of that particular quote, has the quote ever appeared in an independent reliable source? Why does it have due weight for the section lede? ] (]) 18:41, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:: Thank you for commenting Equazcion - I have made a lot of discussion on one of the additions above, but am happy to start again. The extra one I made today was a very notable historical definition, which is presented within a highly respected secondary source - so uncontroversial as I didn't believe anyone could have an objection. I also placed a tag on an existing comment that was not appropriately verified (and is also very misleading), but twice this was removed without the problem being addressed or discussed. I am starting to feel that any attempt I make to contribute to the article is being resisted without due consideration.

::IRWolfie - though we seem to have have different views (because I think I have already answered these points above) I appreciate that you are making the effort to dialogue and discuss. Please note however - I have not tried to make any edit to the lede. I would like to reassure you that I am not aiming to be obstinate, and if that particular material about the history of astrology (placed in the history of astrology section) is unsuitable then I'm happy to accept that and move on. With regard to why I propose this material - it makes a pertinent introduction to the section about the history of astrology by illustrating that this is not a redundant subject but is still being explored with serious interest because of what it can tell us about the history of science and culture. This is a verifiable fact and not an attempt to promote the subject or mislead the reader (an accusation given in an edit summary today). The quote is given as a notable one, because of the weight of David Pingree's reputation. If you are not aware of his influence upon the determination of our knowledge of the history of astrology a quick internet search will demonstrate that he is regarded as one of the most (most would say 'the most') important contributor to the field. The quote is attributed to him and published in a reputable academic source, so it offers a verifiable and true record of his published opinion. The Kassel doesn't qualify the Pingree comment, but verifies the fact that many scholars are engaged in the historical exploration of this subject - anyone who checks her article will note that she identifies a number of contemporary scholars and their specialist fields of interest. All-in-all I feel that this is a more than suitably verified comment that is pertinent, objective, and leaves no implication about the perceived value of astrology except in showing that the subject has left a notable impression on world history -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 19:35, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:::I will list my objections:
::::1. Summary: for a section lede it makes most sense that it should summarise, in a general way, the content that's already in the rest of the section and also the content in the History of astrology article with with possible perspective from a tertiary source.
::::2. Verification: The Kassel source does not directly verify the sentence that you have added, inferring as it does is original research and should not be done in any article Policy: ''Articles may make an analytic or evaluative claim only if that has been published by a reliable secondary source.''
::::3. Style: A quote at the start of the section is poor style.
::::4. Synthesis: The Pingree quote is used to strengthen the first sentence. The second sentence added follows on from the first referring to the first with "such research". This is a synthesis, linking a primary source to any material where there is no explicit connection is prohibited by policy: ''Do not analyze, synthesize, interpret, or evaluate material found in a primary source yourself; instead, refer to reliable secondary sources that do so.''
::::4. Pingree does not mention the cultural impact but you say he argued for the value of that research in your synthesis.
::::5. Selection of material from primary sources is not based on a secondary source but what you believe to be pertinent.
:::You may believe I am picking stuff to nit pick over, but many of these issues are solveable (i.e for 1,3 move the location of the paragraph, for 4. remove the word cultural impact), but the synthesis is a serious issue unless you can find a source that explicitly links it all. An alternative is to break the synthesis. ] (]) 22:37, 22 May 2012 (UTC)
::::The entire prepositional phrase, "While astrology may bear a superficial resemblance to science" should be removed. "A superficial resemblance" is a ] sentiment and it propagates negative POV, teaches it actually. Start by fixing that. ] (]) 02:46, 23 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::I don't see the connection to what we are currently discussing in this section. That sentence is being discussed in the RfC, this talk section is not about the RfC. ] (]) 09:16, 23 May 2012 (UTC)
::::: Hi My76Strat, my proposed edits haven't impacted upon any of the text in the lede and don't involve that comment. As an editor I have contributed a lot of references and material to this article in the past, but tend to stay clear of content concerning the scientific standing (or non-standing), except to offer comment. It is a very problematic area. To get the balance right, editors have to approach the subject impartially to give a simple, informative report of how astrology's involvement with science has shifted over time, and why it now holds a pseudoscience definition. We don't need to dwell on that point or make it into a big issue. It is because many people consider some elements of astrology to be scientific (as shown by statistics), and some cultures (for example India) still define it as a science (although their use of the term 'science' is different from ours) that astrology has been termed a pseudoscience. The word itself implies superficial resemblance. It's a hugely complex point and our explanation has to be carefully worded to avoid pro or anti POV as you say. Please continue to contribute as you are right to point out that we need collaboration and not ad hominem attacks. Perhaps you could offer your own suggestion above, as to how such a difficult point is succintly made without POV implications? -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 09:39, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

::::::NPOV doesn't mean we provide equal weight to views that it is pseudoscience and not pseudoscience. ''Neutrality assigns weight to viewpoints in proportion to their prominence.'' We give the mainstream view most weight, that it is pseudoscience and not scientific, views that it is scientific are fringe and have no due weight. Due weight is not given to the prevalence of the view in society but to the view in science see ]. There have been zero ad hominem attacks, noting your misuse of rollback features (for which you received a warning from an admin) and asking for consensus to be reached on the talk page is not an ad hominem attack.] (]) 09:54, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

::::::: Disregarding the above (not sure of your problem there, since there is no doubt that -regardless of due weight - we still have to approach this subject impartially and objectively) with regard to your earlier response, I don't have a problem with 'nit-picking' points, so long as the objective is to reach a sensible consensus. I thought your response was very helpful because it doesn't just show the problems as you see them, but offers suggestions for resolution too. I'll give your comments some thought and leave that proposed historical introduction aside until there seems to be a better way to procede. In any event it seems sensible to look at how it relates to the content on the ] page before raising it again for inclusion here.

::::::: I haven't seen any objections to my introduction of the early medieval definition of the subject in the etymology section. That definition has been a significant one; it is reported in reliable secondary sources and it demonstrates that there was a clear distinction between astronomy and astrology historically. I am placing it in a box, but it may be better placed in the main text. My opinion is that the tagged comment should be reworked or removed because it is misleading and not supported by its reference. (The tag was removed yesterday but I will reinsert it). I would propose a re-write of the first paragraph to eliminate the suggestion that ''astrologia'' came to mean star-divination against the use of ''astronomia'' for the 'scientific term'. This is the projection of a modern POV upon the historical development of word meaning. As we can easily see, it didn't; and this is not what the source says. It excludes the salient fact that historically certain elements of astrology were considered to be more scientific and natural than others and we should do no more than report that notable distinction reliably. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 10:27, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

:::::::: I have asked ] to give a talk-page explanation of his removal of the content, since the edit summary, that this important and defining medieval statement on the distinction between astronomy and astrology "muddles things" is not logical. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 14:45, 23 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::::Thank you both for offering insight regarding my comment above. ] (]) 23:38, 23 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::It is the last bit of the quote the muddles things: "''...natural as it concerns the temper or "complexion" of physicial things, like health, illness, storm, calm, productivity and unproductivity, which vary with the mutual alignments of the astral bodies...''" It is a misleading eye pull that distracts the reader from the prose. Logical. {{mdash}}] (]) 06:24, 24 May 2012 (UTC)

== Astrologers' definition of planet more historical? ==

Our text implies at the moment that astrology somehow has a better definition of "planet" than that used in astronomy. We need to find a more neutral way of outlining the difference in definitions without. I don't think Merriam-Webster is quite enough to source the change in definition among astronomers in C18. We need to refer to standard histories of astronomy. ] (]) 17:40, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

:It did not imply that it was better, merely that it was earlier. Our description was wrong, however: the break came when Earth was recognized as a planet, not Uranus. — ] (]) 18:37, 23 May 2012 (UTC)
::I like your improvement to the section. Is it possible to find a better wording than "move in the sky" for the seven classical planets? Because even the "fixed stars" appear to wheel around in 24 hours and in 365 days. ] (]) 19:06, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

== Attribute ==

We are undermining the section ] by attributing every statement. Per ] ''claims that are uncontroversial and uncontested within reliable sources should be presented as simple statements of fact ''. It is only particularly harsh criticism that should be attributed. ] (]) 09:53, 4 June 2012 (UTC)
: I would say that what is being undermined is the credibility of the article by the addition of unecessarily repeated critcisms, some of which are not well supported, all of which look like desperate attempts to keep getting across the point that science doesn't take the subject seriously. The point has been made; only insecurity would need it to be made over and over and over again. Let's just give an honest, clear, succinct and unemotive account. The criticsms of the subject should be referenced to notable and reliable sources; that gives them credibility. We shouldn't build the report of this huge subject on non-notable comments written in non-notable books. For example, this recent addition:
:::''Most astrologers make claims that the position of all the planets must be taken into account, but astrologers were unable to predict the existence of Neptune based on mistakes in horoscopes. Instead Neptune was predicted using ].''
: Where are the astrologer claiming that all planets are equally important? Most argue that Neptune, Uranus and Pluto are 'trans-personal' planets and not of the same standing as the seven classical planets. Why would astrologers predict the existence of Neptune "based on mistakes in horoscopes" if they don't accept that failure to reference Neptune leads to mistakes? But more importantly - what on earth does the scientific law that led to discovery of Neptune have to do with the main subject theme of this page? This is all off-topic and irrelevant, and comments like this smack of the desire to engage in self-indulgent ridicule of the subject rather than keeping the focus on relevant points that an interested reader will be most likely to want to know. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 02:13, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::You can find a copy of The Cosmic Perspective online to check the sourcing, though not necessarily by legal means. The argument and context used in the article is reflective of the source itself. You're making assertions about what astrologers believe that contradict what an academic textbooks is claiming, so I would think that you'd need an equal or better source to contradict this. Even if they exist, it would likely be better (depending on the source) to represent both views. Anything else I could say would be getting into the territory of arguing about the inconsistencies and illogicalities of astrology itself, which would be inappropriate as general discussion of the topic. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 02:47, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

@Zac, note that your edit misrepresents the source you provided. It does not say "He rejected the more symbolic and judicial elements of astrology" it says "He rejected most of the commonly accepted rules and repeatedly referred to astrology as 'the foolish stepdaughter of astronomy.'" The way you have it written now makes it seem like Kepler referred to "the more symbolic and judicial elements of astrology" as the foolish stepdaughter, when in actuality both sources have him describing astrology in general as the foolish stepdaughter. Please correct this, thanks. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 03:01, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

I've reverted all of Zac's recent changes because none of them were particularly useful. The stuff about the zodiac was unecessary detail. The stuff on Ptolemy and Kepler was a pathetic attempt at whitewashing and appeal to authority, with lots of weasling to boot, and the amendment to the science section was innacurate and weasling as well.
@Zac: Propose your changes on the talk page first and get consensus. ] (]) 03:04, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:I have restored the sentence I added regarding Kepler's attitude towards astrology. I think Zac can clarify it if he wants with the source he provided so long as my above points are integrated. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 03:08, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

== The editorial approach to this page should be recognised for the joke it has become ==

As expected, all the edits I made to correct the patently biased misinformation has been deleted in one click by Dominus Vobisdu, who for some time now has tasked himself with the responsibility of wiping out all the explained and well-cited edits I make, within the hour if possible, if some other editor (hoping to preserve the underlying sentiment "it's just a load of bullshit") doesn't get in there first.

Last year this page had neutral editors and editors who understood the subject contributing. Every non-hostile contributor has been driven away from this page by the pseudo-skeptical prejudice of editors who want to use this page to present only their own hostile view of the subject. So we are to pretend that Ptolemy considered the "predictive power of astronomy" when by his definition the two studies were complimentary: astromony measured and astrology was the means to judge (predict) the influence and effect. Two authorative sources were removed which made this point. Planets are best termed "permanent celestial bodies" and presented in an order that makes no sense according to anyone's reasoning. The correct definition was removed, for no other reason I can assume than that someone who knows something of the subject, who is aiming for balanced objectivity by attending to ridiculous displays of misrepresentative bias, dares to edit this page. And lest I dare again - let's throw in the warning that to attempt to restore would be, on my part "edit-warring".

As I said in my edit summary - the point on Kepler needs more attention. It has now been well established that Kepler didn't "do it for the money" because we now have access to hundreds of his charts, including those he cast on personal matters and spoke about in personal letters, including the astrological analysis of the death of his young son (unpublished letters that have recently come to light and been published within the last few months). Is there any point at all in me forwarding the references for this, when it seems patently clear that there is no intention to report the real story, or what the academic and reliable sources say? Censorship and bigotry prevails here. A bit sad that DV and the other speedily reverting editors are not seeing what others are seeing - this article reeks of smugness, scientific elitism and pseudo-sceptic insecurities. It will continue to lack credibility whilever edits that correct and provide reliable facts based on reliable sources are removed from view as soon as they are made. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 04:21, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

:The changes you have attempted to make recently have not been constructive and were reverted by four different editors, including myself, and challenged by others. Yet you insist on edit-warring despite multiple warnings. If your changes trulty have some merit and deserve to be included in the article, you should have no problem gaining the necessary consensus after discussing your proposed changes on the talk page. You are expected to adhere to all WP policies when editing, including ], and to respect consensus and refrain from personal attacks. Otherwise, you are cordially invited to find another topic area of the project to edit in, or find a different hobby altogether. ] (]) 04:38, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:I think one of the main issues is that you want to treat astrology as though it is a real phenomenon or at least sympathetically when, as an encyclopedia, we should be treating it as an irrational belief system that at one time held prominence but was abandoned by intellectuals after new discoveries were made about the universe. This means describing the history of astrology, what people today believe (mostly in regards to the public, because people who actually "study" astrology are a very small fringe group and likely don't warrant mention), and pointing out that there's no evidence to support it and that it's inconsistent with reality. Astrology makes claims about the universe that are incompatible with what we as a species have learned about the universe thus far. That's not a contentious statement for experts, it's only contentious if you believe in astrology and don't know any better. This is not "scientific elitism" as you've pejoratively characterized it, rather it's a rational approach to dealing with a pseudoscience. It's the same thing we do on ] or ] or any other irrational concept. We have ] and ] for a reason: to keep the encyclopedia in line with mainstream, expert thought and to not give weight to farcical concepts. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 04:53, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:For the record, Zach, I agree with your edits. I see the people arguing against you citing the fact that astrology is currently debunked, but your edits are more about clarifying the history of prominent people who at one time, surprisingly, lent a degree of credence to it, so those arguments seem pretty irrelevant. It's good to make the article reflect current scientific outlook, in its sections about the current outlook, but the history shouldn't be treated in that way. And, for similar record, I think your methods for implementing those changes, Zach, are wrong. Consensus is clearly against you here, even though I personally happen to agree with you; you won't make any headway going on like this. '''<font face="Century Gothic" style="text-shadow:1px 1px 3px #999;">] <small>]</small>''' 05:09, 8 Jun 2012 (UTC)</font>

:::To DV: What you say is not true - only Saeden made a partial and selective edit, no one else, and his approach was standard WP practice. Your regular wholesale deletion of everything I contribute is not - it's thoughtless censorship which constitutes vandalism, (and since it has regularly trailed my recent edits as well as ones made in the past) harrasment and bullying. Tonight you have broken the 3RR rules by three times making a wholesale deletion of text which comprises a number of individual, time-consuming edits I made in order to improve the reliability of the content, and to add citations and references. So please undo your last revert - if others approve of your unthinking deletion of everything I contribute, you should give them the opportunity to demonstrate that their approach is the same as yours.

::: To Saedon - I have never contributed anything to this page which verifies, promotes or presents astrology as a scientific subject. I don't approve of editors here removing reliable references in order to give false or unreliable information, or to rewrite the historical approach and turn it into something that no one with a good academic knowledge of the subject would recognise. I am wary of your earlier comment, in proposing changes to the lede, where you revealed your desire for the page to just state that the subject is bullshit. That's not an attitude I share. I would say that justifies my concern over "scientific elitism". The subject may appear farcical to you, but readers should not be subjected to a farcical report of it -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 05:15, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::The problem is that to the academic and scientific world astrology ''is'' bullshit. Obviously that's not the terminology used in academic discourse, instead we say things like "discredited," "illogical," etc. I obviously didn't mean that we should literally use the word bullshit in the article, but yes, astrology is bullshit and we should not pretend otherwise. In 2005 that might have flown, but not since the pseudoscience arbcom decision have we treated pseudoscience as anything but. Note that for the record I did not read the rest of your edit and had no plans to revert it, I was only concerned with the section on Kepler. Lastly, whether you phrase astrology as "scientific subject" is irrelevant; when something makes claims about the workings of the universe or cause and effect it is prima facie a scientific subject, and the idea that it should be rephrased differently is special pleading. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 05:25, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::Astrology, as I understand it, is not a science and so not a prima facie a scientific subject. I don't pretend to know what it is, that's irrlevant - it is a fact that it has had great cultural persuasion and we're here to report what the reliable sources report, not rewrite history by cherry picking only the critical remarks of men who held sincere and complex views on this subject -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 05:43, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

:::::To Equazcion - if you agree with my edits, what else is there to say? The fact is, the content I add is well supported and adds clarity or removes blatant misrepresentation. What gets lost when DV removes everything is the individual edit-summaries which logically explain my edits. For example, in regard to Ptolemy and Kepler I expressed the view that the content is not warranted at that place - I agree, these are irrelevant points to make in those places. Ptolemy's and Kepler's stance should get exploration within the history section if they are worthy of consideration. I merely correct the points that are added, though in my opinion such contributions serve no purposeful addition in that place. The easiest thing is to remove everything that has recently been added when it is questionable content and flies in the face of what is known by reference to reliable sources. But if it is to remain it needs to be correct and reliable. I would like to know why unreliable contributions are never contested, and not even subject to scrutiny, so long as they are apparently critical of the subject. There seems to be a certain glee attached to quoting something critical, regardless of whether it is relevant or reliable. I would appreciate having DV's removal of all my comments reverted so that each can be assesed individually and subject to the usual editing process.-- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 05:43, 8 June 2012 (UTC)



@Zac: Your recent edits have been unconstructive and disruptive, and have been reverted by IRWolfie, Skinwalker, Johnuniq and me, and you've been repeatedly warned for edit-warring and POV pushing.
You are to refrain from making personal attacks on me or any other editors per ]. Consider this a formal, and final, warning.
Accusing fellow editors of vandalism, harrassment and bullying is a severe breach of ] and ] that could get you blocked or topic banned. Consider this a formal, and final, warning.
Before you accuse someone of breaking the 3rr rule, you had better read the rule.
Again, you are reminded that '''the burden is on YOU to discuss you proposed changes and get consensus for them on the talk page first per ]'''. You have repeatedly acted in bad faith by trying to shift that burden on the editors that oppose your additions, despite multiple warnings. This is unacceptable. Consider this yet another, and definitely final, warning.
Again, I think your contributions and POV would be more welcome on another venue like Astrowiki: ]. ] (]) 05:53, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

: Of course you do :) Thank you for the laugh, but when I used the term "joke" I didn't mean in the funny ha-ha sense, but in the rather pathetic sense. What a daunting prospect that I might get blocked or topic banned (!) In case you didn't realise, my point is that you have been involved in a vigilent campaign to ensure I ''am'' efectively blocked and topic-banned, just as has happened to many other editors with knowledge of this subject in the past (as the history pages demonstrate for those who care to trawl through them). An obvious reason for why I'm not holding my breath for collective support. I'll put my views on record nonetheless. Thank you for your "definitely, final" warnings - I look forward to not receiving any more. Would you like to demonstrate your commitment against edit-warring by undoing the last of your insufficiently justified reversions of my contributions so that other editors can subject them to consideration and the usual editing process? -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 06:13, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::The proper, and only, place where you are allowed to make the logical case for your proposed edits is on the article talk page, not in edit summaries, which not everyone reads. And other editors can easily evaluate your proposed changes on the article talk page, as well. There is no purpose served in leaving your edits in the article space, especially when it's clear that consensus is against them. ] (]) 06:19, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::Once again, only Saedon made a partial edit and has put on record that he had no plans to revert the text that you reverted. So if you claim there was a clear consensus against all the contributions I made, you either think that consensus is determined by you alone or you are aware of a pre-agreed consensus that anything I contribute should be reverted without consideration. I don't actually believe either of these. You shouldn't believe it either. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 06:24, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:::While it's true that I didn't plan to revert you, this shouldn't be taken as an endorsement of your edit. I simply didn't read it. Per BRD, you were bold, DV reverted and now is the time to discuss (preferably in a new section since this section has turned into a discussion on editor behavior and astrology in general). ]<sup>]</sup></font> 06:40, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
{{od}}If I may interject; my poor vision of recent days may have spawned enough insight to help this discussion. Two days ago a user asked a reasonable question about a plant. I gave a corresponding, medium length answer about a planet. Today I see this thread; but at first I processed it as: "The editorial approach to this page should be reorganized for the joke it has become". I had some thoughts on that, and was set to begin commenting when I realized the actual context. So I need glasses, that is becoming clear. This RfC needs an answer, and reorganized seems like the exactly appropriate next step. It is common really, to take the key elements from a discussion and move them towards consensus in the proposal. You have plenty of good information; hone it into a modified proposal and continue moving forward. That's what I see right now. ] (]) 07:05, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:: The last two posts make sensible suggestions but something needs to be established. I made amendments only to recent questionable edits that are begging for attention. No editor suggested that any of those recent edits needed prior discussion and consensus before they were accepted as content. And there they remain, flawed as they are, but taken as perfect because they skew the facts in a negative light. My amendments were self-explanatory in my edit summaries and referenced to reliable sources. Hence I am highlighting the double standards by which no one expects critical content to be questioned, but every good faith contribution I attempt to make is immediately reverted on the grounds that I must seek approval first.
::Apparently one of the "main issues" is that I treat astrology as though it is a real phenomenon rather than an irrational belief system. The idea that Misplaced Pages must treat astrology as an irrational subject (a.k.a. "bullshit) because it is defined as a pseudoscience does not stack up. Astrology is not a rational subject but it is not devoid of rationale or reason. If it were, it would not have made the cultural impact that it did make, which is still ingrained in many vibrant belief systems throughout the world. Astrology has played a very significant part in the history of science for what were once accepted as logical theoretical reasons, entertained and discussed by some of the greatest names in the history of science. The question has always been, how much of astrology is logical, how much is philosophical and how much is symbolic conjecture. Where does 'natural astrology', which is the logical prediction of changes which affect the earth due to ongoing celestial cycles depart from 'judicial astrology', which is where an astrologer makes personal and subjective speculations incorporating purely symbolic elements. None of this is detailed in the article and my attempts to introduce explanation on the historical division of the subject into its natural and judicial divides are removed for fear that they may suggest that parts of the subject were once taken seriously, (when what we are told we want to indicate is that everything about this subject is pure and utter bullshit). Hence the recent desire to present refernces to Kepler as a critic. Kepler was a staunch supporter of natural astrology and only a critic of the more extreme elements of judicial astrology. He loathed doing astrology for money but left countless outspoken remarks in defence of astrology, such as:

:::''Philosophy, and therefore genuine astrology, is a testimony of God's works, and is therefore holy. It is by no means a frivolous thing. And I, for my part, do not wish to dishonor it.'' — (Delineation of Wallenstein's Horoscope)

::We should not report that he rubbished astrology, without allowing explantion of what his criticism was: condemnation of popular trivialisation of a subject he regarded as sacred philosophy. To maintain that we must present all aspects of astrology in equally mocking terms of ridicule and dismissal, whilst ensuring that its deeper rationale is suppressed, contradicts the claim that the purpose of this article is to present encyclopedic coverage. Intelligent content should not be sympathetic, nor desperate to condemn at every opportunity. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 08:22, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::: And please note - this article is ranked as being of top importance to WP's religion articles, it is not a purely ''prima facie'' scientific subject as has been proposed. -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 08:29, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::::On shear good faith I concur 100% with Zac's last. This subject must accommodate opposing viewpoints; if it can't be done for some reason through cooperation, the subject would have to split into two articles the pseudo scientific form, and the intrinsic form. So what's it gonna be? ] (]) 08:33, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

:::::No that is completely counter to wikipedia policy and amounts to a POV fork. Whether you like it or not, astrology makes predictions and I think it's irrelevant that it is not a science, we should still give the scientific coverage of Astrology, even if it is to say it's bullshit. ''we're here to report what the reliable sources report'' and that's exactly what we are doing by looking at the scientific coverage (i.e some of the most reliable sources), we are deferring our own judgment by looking at what these sources say. I will point to the arbitration committee ruling which used Astrology specifically as an example: ''Theories which have a following, such as astrology, but which are generally considered pseudoscience by the scientific community may properly contain that information and may be categorized as pseudoscience.'' No pseudoscience is actually science (that's the whole point of pseudoscience) but we still give the scientific coverage of the pseudoscience, to do otherwise would be a violation of NPOV. ] (]) 12:47, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::::Just a point - based on what I understand of the subject, astrology is prima facie ''un''scientific. This should really be a central concept in the article. ] (]) 09:19, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::Let me clarify my earlier statement: astrology is absolutely unscientific in that there is no evidence to support the claims made wrt to predictive power or correlation between the positions of planetary bodies and earthly affairs. Astrology is a scientific subject in the sense that it makes testable claims that can be studied using the scientific method. When studied, we find no evidence to suggest any sort of validity (see my last post in the RFC thread where I quote an astronomical textbook to cite this fact). Astrologers, like some religious people, claim that their beliefs are "outside of science" as a form of ] so as not to deal with the fact that their beliefs have been debunked time and time again. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 09:36, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::Here's the problem; Science has not debunked Astrology time and time again. Science may well have debunked it's usefulness, or shown specific claims like horoscopes and zodiacs to be entirely unreliable; but they have not debunked the core concept that it remains possible that celestial alignments could affect humans in their biological form. I'm with Sagan on this one. Regardless of stature, an elite scientist can present himself as a damn fool if he insists on presenting non sequitur arguments. Consider above where it has been stated "that it contradicts basic biology and physics". BTW I read the supporting reference also, the one where they failed to provide one basic example to this very basic claim. My scientific background is mathematics and I can tell you unequivocally that it is mathematically impossible to premise a connection to biology as a way to disprove the possibility of a connection. It is these kinds of sensibility affronts that discredit the nature of scientific claims especially when the bandwagon of scientific interns follow so closely behind like lemmings in lockstep. I apologize that my candor is less eloquent than Sagan. ] (]) 10:11, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::: That is merely the argument that Science has not debunked the core concept that it remains possible that the Flying Spaghetti Monster is merely adjusting all of the data in all of their science "experiments" to prevent his discovery. There is no reputable evidence that celestial alignments affect humans in their biological form. ] (]) 12:04, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::::Are you saying that humans aren't affected by the position of the Sun in the sky? Or by the Moon's action on the tides (and providing light at night)? Beyond that, the onus is on those who propose causation to suggest a feasible mechanism for that causation. ] (]) 12:29, 8 June 2012 (UTC
::::::::: Are you being intentionally obtuse? Of course I'm not referring to day and night, summer and winter, high tide and low tide. This discussion would be so much easier if people didn't play "GOTYA, YOU DIDN'T REALIZE IT WAS HOTTER IN THE SUMMER NEENER NEENER games." ] (]) 13:44, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::::::No, I was trying to make a point so succinctly that it hasn't come across at all. To elaborate, astrology is not just one thing but a big complex of ideas across space and time. The ancient Mesopotamians and those who preceded them had to understand and explain things that seem obvious to us now, like the impacts of the Sun and Moon. They elaborated the calendar, which was no easy task. We can't go back into their mentality, but we know they were calendar-obsessed, and it seems that they made a step from identifying the impact of two celestial bodies to purporting an impact of all the celestial bodies. Their speculations were OK for their state of knowledge at that time. They're not all right now. As well as being inconsistent with science, many of the assertions of the "serious" modern western astrologers are also inconsistent with the history of ideas. Their discipline doesn't spring straight from Tetrabiblos. It comes out of the rantings of late 19th century mystics. Hope that clarifies it for you, but I'm sure it will set more talk-page hares running ;-( ] (]) 13:59, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::::Science has indeed debunked astrology time and time again in that astrology has failed every single test it has ever been put to. No element of modern astrology has been shown to have any semblence of scientific or rational basis or value whatsoever. Whatever was of worth in classical and medieval "astrology" was spun out as a distinct and now totally unrelated science, astronomy. Whatever stayed behind was and still is complete claptrap.
::::::::Like Saedon said, astrologers constantly make scientifically testable claims (that their activies have "predictive value" and state that astrology is scientifically valid and proven. They routinely appeal to scientific authority figures like Kepler, Newton and Sagan. UNTIL they are called on it. Then they pull the old "astrology is more like a religion" trick, which is nothing but intellectually dishonest special pleading. Just like believers in other pseudosciences like Intelligent Design.
::::::::Mathematics is not science, and "proof" in science is not at all like proof in mathematics. The burden is not on scientists to "prove" that it is not "possible that celestial alignments could affect humans in their biological form". It is on proponents of astrology to show that it does, and they never have. Nor is there anything vaguely promising on the horizon. Until they do, it remains, from a scientific viewpoint, as close to useless bullshit as anything has ever gotten, or downright fraud. ] (]) 12:36, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::::According to our sources science ''has'' debunked astrology. See my last post in the RFC thread where I quote an astronomy textbook unequivocally making this statement. Re Sagan: you are missing his point entirely. He simply pointed out that we can't conclude something isn't true due only to not having a mechanism of explanation. This is true and no scientist would disagree with it. There are plenty of drugs that work but we don't know how, the difference is that when we give one group of people the drug and another group a placebo, we see a marked difference between the drug and the placebo - this is what science does. Astrology isn't false because there's no mechanism to explain its effects, astrology is false because there are no effects to explain and it doesn't stand up to scrutiny. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 20:02, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::No, if it has been shown the predictions of Astrology are wrong, then as a consequence the underlying concepts and beliefs that led to the predictions are also wrong. But regardless, we defer to the reliable sources to characterize astrology, and they overwhelmingly characterize it as a pseudoscience. Zac has made numerous references to the cultural impact of astrology, but this quite frankly isn't relevant to this discussion, they simply are unrelated points which we can document separately. Whether or not Astrology is a pseudoscience does not counter whether or not Astrology had a cultural impact. <small>As an aside maths is not a science in the normal usage of the word science (i.e referring to natural science etc were proofs do not exist)</small> ] (]) 13:15, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

{od} Picking up from Judith's point - mechanism wouldn't be the right word for it, but Ptolemy's ''Tetrabiblos'' set out a rationale following the argument of Hippocrates, that the individual temperament is understood by evaluating the humoural effect of celestial cycles against consideration of the genetic influence of geological, ethnic and personal family traits - all determined, one way or another by climatic factors related to celestial cycles. It's actually a very small theoretical leap from this to the recent Vanderbilt University study supporting seasonal imprinting of biological clocks in mammals, published in 2010 in the the journal ''Nature Neuroscience'' "personality, and prevalence towards disease, are proven to have links to the season of birth". The other point Saedon should consider is that astrology not being easily falsified is one of he grounds for its pseudo-science status. But these are points I generally try to avoid, because we are not here to judge the subject ourselves, but to merely report what the ''notable'' (and reliable) sources say. The editorial task in this top-level article is to identify the relevant and notable points and give the emphasis to them, not clutter the article with endless petty and irrelevant points, like whether astrologers predicted the discovery of Neptune, or nonsense criticisms that are patently false even if they are published in someone's book, like the suggestion that astrologers don't recognise precession (hmmn, yes they certainly do - it's been a major point of division in astrology for centuries, whether the zodiac should move with precession or remain fixed to the vernal equinox). Why are we putting irrelevant comments where they don't belong instead of strengthening the content by pulling it back to its most notable points of interest, explaining these clearly and demonstrating who has ''led opinion'' on this subject, historically and currently, when, why and how? -- ] '''Δ''' <sup>]</sup> 13:04, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::No, this directly contravenes policy, we should characterize Astrology as a pseudoscience and then explain why it is, that is what is consistent with the arbitration ruling on pseudoscience. These aren't petty and irrelevant points, you just say they are. Your replies are just puzzling, you note that many astrologers don't include precession and that it's a major source of division, well then, it's perfectly clear why the comment about not taking into account precession is relevant; many astrologers don't take it into account! It's already been noted that there isn't one unified set of beliefs by astrologers, you can hardly expect the criticisms to be relevant to every single different perspective on astrology. Also, Charpak has due weight for being mentioned, Nature itself mentioned his debunking of Astrology in his obituary, if anything he has more due weight assigned to him. Also, notability is what we used to justify the existence of articles not article content, see ], notability has little bearing, instead we look at what has due weight ] (and ]). The mainstream opinions of astrology are very relevant and should not be sidelined just because you disagree with their opinions etc (and we should present the mainstream thought in the wikipedia tone, not attributed), wikipedia should reflect the scientific consensus on a topic but still treat the article in a ] fashion. Balance isn't the same as giving equal ] to fringe beliefs though. ] (]) 13:28, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::Also, trying to link that Nature Neuroscience paper to this article, I didn't catch the link, looks to be OR. ] (]) 13:31, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

:::It would be irrelevant anyway because it has nothing whatsoever to do with astrology. ] (]) 13:56, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::::To be fair, he wasn't proposing adding it to the article. But of course far from being a support to astrology, it is yet another nail in its coffin. As I pointed out in relation to Gauquelin, it is well established that month of birth affects achievement at school and thus career success. If timing of birth in the year has any influence on our lives, there are rational explanations that have nothing to do with the humours. ] (]) 14:07, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

==Tempest in a teapot==
Never having edited this article, I yet think how very apt to its current talk page storm of pseudoscience/pseudoskeptic debate, that a leading scientific publication once surmised: "The ‘tribal’ culture of science is preventing proper discussion, and ... science and scientists must change or face a gradual but certain moral decline." ''New Scientist'', 1999-7-3, p. 39f. Moral decline indeed. Respecting science, humans still depart from its tenets in uncountable ways not requiring scientific corraling back to the fold.

It is axiomatic that astrology is contemporarily considered a pseudoscience, so there is no point to having more than three paragraphs explaining that axiom in an article about a ] that, within its first sentence, identifies itself as such. At its most basic level in our contemporary world, astrology is a harmless theory of metaphysical cosmology which does not employ an empirical scientific methodology, so by that definition it should not concern scientists in the least. It is not within the penumbra of science apologists' social responsibility to be ], the best that science can hope for is to educate, and that is best done in scientific articles, not in specious argumentation about such harmless belief systems, nor in endlessly fudmongering within their talk pages as a method of maintaining scientific hegemony in order to stuff ever more extraneous science talk into an article that is not about science, or to keep editors actually interested in the subject from contributing. Such efforts are utterly antithetical to the encyclopedic integrity of Misplaced Pages.

Science may be the arbiter of what is "real", but it is not the supreme arbiter of epistemology, metaphysics, religion, nor any portion of the human spirit. Science's dignity and strength lie in its ability to remain resolute in its push to further discovery, exploring and explaining the nature of the universe &mdash; not in debating the meaning of it all to the human psyche in a futile effort to eradicate all but science itself. A philosophical Circus Maximus is not a forum where science makes its best case, and if, upon being instructed in contemporary scientific cosmologies, people still want to learn about astrology, so what? To continue irrelevant scientific POV pushing in an article about a system of belief makes science look ridiculous, and appear as though it doth protest too much. Worse yet, it underscores the very sort of elitist views that fuel the aims of those who do real and permanent harm to people. So, calling all scientists, get thee back to the lab and get to work. &mdash; ] (]) 19:50, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
:Calling something a "system of belief" does not allow one to make farcical claims without scrutiny; that's ] and nothing more. In order to present the most accurate description of this subject we must educate our readers as to its status in reality, not simply repeat unsubstantiated nonsense uncritically. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 19:59, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

:(edit conflict)
:New Scientist is ''not'' a "leading scientific publication." Irrational belief systems are ''not'' "harmless." The fact that astrology is a pseudoscience is ''not'' an "axiom." ] (]) 20:13, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

:While certainly not peer-reviewed, ''New Scientist'' has a role in shaping public opinion, and mea culpa, that is what I meant. As for its harmlessness, how many people have been killed by astrology? Or assaulted, maimed, lost their homes, or denied education because of it? And I'm afraid I disagree with you Arc, it is axiomatic to most people that astrology is not science, even to those who practice it. &mdash; ] (]) 21:03, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
::Exactly, NS is written for the educated layman but it's not a leading scientific publication like ] or ]. It may shape some public perception, but it's not an academic publication in the strictest sense, which is what I think Arc meant. Point 2: how many people have suffered because they believed in astrology? I don't know, there probably aren't studies on the subject but it's feasible to accept that since a. astrology lacks predictive power greater than random chance and b. People ''do'' make decisions based on it, that c. There is potential for loss equal to betting purely on chance except that the believer invests confirmational attachment to the idea and thus may bet erratically. Point 3: it is certainly not an "axiom" using the definition of the word common in philosophy which is something akin to "a proposition that is self evidently true and cannot be reduced, nor can it be argued against without accepting the proposition implicitly." In this context, an axiom is something like "existence exists," because one can not deny existence without taking part in it. In the more loose defintion of axiom, that is, something that is well established in a field, then yes, it is axiomatic that astrology is bunk, but I believe Arc misunderstood your usage. ]<sup>]</sup></font> 22:42, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

::At the risk of going on a tangent - I would add that astrology and all pseudoscience is antithetical to education. The rest of the problems you listed follow quite directly from that.

::Second, I've actually never heard a definition of "axiom" ''that'' loose (the loosest definition I've ever seen is something like "fundamental assumption"), but I suppose that might just be me. Astrology is pseudoscience ''because'' it fails certain basic qualifications like providing rational evidence for empirical claims. ] (]) 22:59, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

:::I think I understand what I read from Sagan. ] (]) 23:21, 8 June 2012 (UTC)


:::@Saedon: I think you're right, there probably aren't any studies on the subject of whether people have been harmed by astrology (and as a disclaimer, I haven't checked), but I'd be willing to bet there aren't any simply because, if there are instances of harm, they are likely to be so few that sampling would return a non-issue. And that sampling would be in stark contrast to the millions of people throughout all of history who have seen actual harm by wars fought in the name of religion, people burned at the stake, deprived of anything but a religious education, or any number of other real, physical, and lasting harms.

:::@Arc de Ciel: If you ask just about anyone, anywhere in the world, if they think their standard educational science curricula, or any part of them, should be replaced by astrology, I think they would either laugh or not understand the question, whether they believe in astrology or not. But should you ask someone who's interested in the subject, I think you would find most of them are interested in both science and astrology, and well know the difference. Should they be dissuaded from their interest? Should they be dissuaded from their other beliefs such as religion? Should they be dissuaded from a comfort-belief in any cosmology that science finds the pish and tosh of magical thinking?

:::We are all aware of the news stories covering fundamentalist religious sects who actively seek to prevent education, especially in the sciences, who in their earnestness even resort to terrorism by shooting doctors and worse, and who would rewrite history as well, given half a chance. I wouldn't lump people interested in astrology into that group, nor probably, would you.

:::So the harm you see, which might be real if it attempted, as many religions do, to deny the truth of science in an effort to exclude science from relevance, or as an excuse to truly harm people, is in actuality not there, and is therefore a non-issue. It might not feel good to the scientific mind when we acknowledge that we have graduated from astrology to astronomy and someone else still wants to study both, but there it is.<br /> &mdash; ] (]) 23:50, 8 June 2012 (UTC) (edited to fix my typos ] (]) 00:00, 9 June 2012 (UTC)) (yet more typos ] (]) 00:03, 9 June 2012 (UTC))

::::I have never said that there is a danger of astrology replacing science in the classroom, or that its danger is comparable to that of fundamentalists, or that people cannot understand the difference between the two, or that people should not be able to learn about astrology if they want to. If I remove these points from your reply, what remains seems to be the claim that astrology would only cause harm if its practitioners denied science or used it as an excuse to cause harm. I would point out that first, lack of intent to harm does not imply a lack of harm (e.g. see Saedon's reply above), and second, I think it should be uncontroversial that astrologers ''do'' deny science - which is to say, the basic standards of evaluating evidence, avoiding bias, etc. ] (]) 00:43, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:::::Arc, what I said was to deny the truth of science ''in an effort to exclude science from relevance'', or as an excuse to do harm, I did not say to deny science in order to indulge in harmless flights of fancy. People deny science every time they pray, or otherwise engage in any religious activity, but is it helpful to attempt to dissuade them? I think it is not, and if people want to learn about astrology, it is unnecessary to insure they must wade through pages of scientific disclaimers in order to do so, that is all. This article is currently being vandalized, sourced material removed, and future editors discouraged from editing because of both scientific and fundamentalist (separately, I think) views of what people ought to be able to read on Misplaced Pages, and that is wrong. That fact is the gist of my observation, and I think that you and other science-minded people could help the situation. Please consider that a few succinct paragraphs, at most, is all the scientific disclaimer that is needed here, and that an overdose of scientific views presented in a condescending manner drive people away from science itself, not to mention from Misplaced Pages. &mdash; ] (]) 01:06, 9 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::@Saedon & Arc: I forgot to say that, as in the reply to Saedon, there is no demonstrable harm from astrology, even in Saedon's reply he could only identify a possible harm, rather than a probable harm, and that was simply conjecture, not empirical proof. I think it likely that most people who believe in astrology don't actually base life and death decisions on solely astrology, but actually take the physical world into account as well, and this is why only a short disclaimer about its being a nonscientific field and why is all that is needed. &mdash; ] (]) 01:30, 9 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::It doesnt take a lot to see why astrology can be harmful, and in fact people do make decisions based on it. Oldey but a goodie]. never mind all the people who waste money on astrologers. Or does financial harm not count?
] (]) 03:01, 9 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::Guyonthesubway, Orange county didn't go bankrupt because their finance director was an astrology believer, but his gross incompetence certainly played a part. It was, however, only a part amongst a whole team of graft, corruption and malfeasance. I'm afraid it is disingenuous to say astrology caused that calamity, although the headlines certainly made it seem that way. There will always be people who rely on the unreliable, astrology or otherwise, even knowing better, and no amount of pointing to pseudoscience saying "see, see!" will help. The issue remains, how much of a warning is enough? &mdash; ] (]) 03:18, 9 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::::Astrology harmless? Tell that to the many people who have been defrauded of large sums of money by astrological scam artists, or those who have made poor personal, financial or health-related decisions based on astrological advice, often with great consequences, including death. Astrology is an excellent tool for parting fools from their money, and it's not all innocent ncikle-and-dime for entertainment only. There are plenty of astrologers doing hard time, and many more that should be doing so. Astrologers wholeheartedly agree, by the way: ].
::::::::As for the "scam artists are not real astrologers" defense, that is merely a "no true Scotsman" fallacy. There is no such thing as a "real" astrologer. ] (]) 03:24, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

::::::::Dominus, neither science nor astrology are without their frauds, of course. And it appears it was an astrology site you cite that points out those frauds. Some particular science frauds that come to mind are Robert Millikan, William Summerlin, Francois Savery, Martin Fleischmann, Stephen Breuning, Stanley Pons, Victor Ninov, Jan Hendrik Schön, Woo-Suk Hwang, and others, ad nauseum. Because of their behavior do we view all scientists as frauds? Hardly. Because there exist frauds in any field it doesn't follow that an entire field of study must therefore be entirely made up of people whose only goal is to commit fraud. That is exactly what I meant by a needless, specious argument. &mdash; ] (]) 09:05, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:::::I don't see how "deny science" and "deny science in an effort to exclude it from relevance" are significantly different in this context. I just decided to shorten it while I was writing my reply. I don't think that someone's motives for denying science are likely to significantly change the general effects that ''come'' from denying science.

:::::I should point out that I am not objecting to or supporting any specific edits from the edit war. I have not discussed them or taken a position on them (though I may if I consider them in more detail). This is why I made the comment, "At the risk of going on a tangent." My intent in entering this latest discussion was only to correct inaccurate statements on the talk page. ] (]) 07:06, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:The problem with your definition of astrology is that in fact astrology does make predicitons, these predictions are therefore falsifiable (and therefore it can be disproven by scientific methods). But regardless, in deferring to the reliable source, scientific works make a point of mentioning and dicussing astrology, some scientists have debunked astrology, these should be mentioned because of the due weight assigned to them and per ]. ] (]) 08:36, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

::The issue of pseudoscience is a settled one. The problem seems to be mindset amongst some here that the entire article must be rewritten to accomplish a scientific debunking goal. Editing this article for the purpose of debunking is like editing any other article with a POV goal in mind &mdash; it is simply not in keeping with Misplaced Pages policy, nor does such an approach have any hint of a collaborative and congenial effort, particularly in view of the arbcom ruling <blockquote>"Theories which have a following, such as astrology, but which are generally considered pseudoscience by the scientific community ''may properly contain that information'' and may be categorized as pseudoscience.".</blockquote> (emphasis added as a reminder). &mdash; ] (]) 09:05, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:::I don't think anyone is suggesting this, but the article should reflect the mainstream treatment of Astrology. I think what people are asking for is simply that the mainstream view be expressed and that astrology isn't unduly legitimized as being ]:
::::''We do not take a stand on these issues as encyclopedia writers, for or against; we merely omit them where including them would unduly legitimize them, and otherwise describe them in their proper context with respect to established scholarship and the beliefs of the greater world.''
::: ] (]) 09:11, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

== Kepler ==

I shall respond to this in detail later tonight. For now here is an example of the misrepresentation of sources on Kepler...
{{quotation|
*Our article uses a ref to {{cite book | last = Kepler | first = Johannes | title = The harmony of the world | publisher = American Philosophical Society | location = Philadelphia, Pa | year = 1997 | isbn = 9780871692092 }} thus...
:'Introduction', p.xix.
:“Kepler did not ascribe any direct physical influence to the celestial bodies but supposed the astrological effects to be the result of instinctive responses of individual souls to the harmonies of certain configurations or aspects. A soul was also ascribed to the Earth itself, whose response to the aspects explained their influence on the weather”. In his ''Tertius Interveniens'', 1610, Kepler defined the horoscope as the celestial imprint imparted at birth: Ch,7: "When a human being's life is first ignited, when he now has his own life, and can no longer remain in the womb – then he receives a character and an imprint of all the celestial configurations (or the images of the rays intersecting on earth), and retains them unto his grave". See translated excerpts by Dr. Kenneth G. Negus on .
*What the source states a few pages later...
: It was in the ''Tertius interveniens'' that Kepler announced his conclusion, based on over sixteen years of daily weather observations, that there was not an exact correspondence between the aspects and the musical consonances. In the same work, he explained more clearly the basis of horoscopes. When at birth man begins his independent life, his (instinctive) perception of the constellations combines with the ideas and emotions he receives from his mother to form his character. Although the birth configurations could thus give an indication of a persons disposition, Kepler opposed the idea that it could determine his future. Commenting on his own horoscope, he explained that the astrologers would look in vain to find in it the causes that led him to discover the polyhedral hypothesis in 1595, for his stars were not those in the sky but Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
}}{{mdash}}] (]) 03:35, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:There's no reason to mention Kepler (or Newton, for that matter) at all in an article on astrology. Astrology was a peripheral and insignificant element of Kepler's life, and Kepler was a peripheral and insignificant figure in astrology. This is nothing but an attempt at an appeal to scientific authority. ] (]) 04:03, 9 June 2012 (UTC)
::What we do need to do is explain how astrology was regarded during the scientific revolution. Whether we need to mention individuals in that explanation depends on what we find the sources doing. The sources should be histories of the scientific revolution, not histories of astrology. ] (]) 07:05, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:I think he should still be mentioned, even if it means with a different wording, his connection to astrology is quite famous. I am certain there are high quality sources that make the necesssary connections. ] (]) 08:26, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:Once again, this is an article about astrology, not about science. If the article's editors find cites to reliable sources describing occurrences in the field, there is absolutely no reason to oppose that. Kepler in particular, is part of the field's history, and should not be dislodged from the article because someone doesn't want to think of a scientific hero casting over 1800 horoscopes. "That the heaven does something in people one sees clearly enough; but what it does specifically remains hidden." See Zeilik, Michael, Astronomy: the Evolving Universe (6th ed.), p. 28, John Wiley & Sons, 1994. ISBN 978-0471308423. &mdash; ] (]) 09:22, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

::Nooone has given that as there reason for the removal, can you please desist from characterizing editors this way. It is unnecessarily confrontational. ] (]) 09:30, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

:::IRWolfie, you are right of course, I inferred it, perhaps hastily. It is late now, for me, perhaps I'll take a break. &mdash; ] (]) 09:40, 9 June 2012 (UTC)

=== An explanation ===

With edit I removed the information on Kepler from the "Core principles" section of the article. My explanation...

<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; width:90%; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">
In the 17th century, Kepler, also influenced by arguments in Ptolemy’s ''Optics'' and ''Harmonica'',<sup></sup>
:{{Hanging indent|text = An English translation of the ''Harmonica'' was recently published by Andrew Barker, in his ''Greek Musical Writings vol. II'' (Cambridge University Press, 2004). The work was also discussed by James Frederick Mountford in his article ‘The Harmonics of Ptolemy and the Lacuna in II, 14’ (Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, Vol. 57. 1926; pp.71–95).Mountford refers to Ptolemy’s ''Harmonica'' as "the most scientific and best arranged treatise on the theory of musical scales which we possess in Greek".}}
</blockquote>

::*The is pure ]:''"Do not combine material from multiple sources to reach or imply a conclusion not explicitly stated by any of the sources."''
:::#The bit about being "also influenced by arguments in Ptolemy’s" works is no real surprise as anybody with an education has undoubtedly studied the significant past and present works in their field.
:::#The two works cited do not contain the words "Kepler" or "astrology".



<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; width:90%; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">
compiled his ] ('Harmony of the World'), which presented his own analysis of optical perceptions, geometrical shapes, musical ]s and planetary harmonies. Kepler regarded this text as the most important work of his career, and the fifth part, concerning the role of planetary harmony in ], the crown of it.<sup></sup>
:{{Hanging indent|text = ] 'Introduction', p.xix. “Kepler did not ascribe any direct physical influence to the celestial bodies but supposed the astrological effects to be the result of instinctive responses of individual souls to the harmonies of certain configurations or aspects. A soul was also ascribed to the Earth itself, whose response to the aspects explained their influence on the weather”. In his ''Tertius Interveniens'', 1610, Kepler defined the horoscope as the celestial imprint imparted at birth: Ch,7: "When a human being's life is first ignited, when he now has his own life, and can no longer remain in the womb – then he receives a character and an imprint of all the celestial configurations (or the images of the rays intersecting on earth), and retains them unto his grave". See translated excerpts by Dr. Kenneth G. Negus on . Retrieved 15 August 2011.}}
</blockquote>

::*More ], use of sources that do not satisfy ], and misleading quotations of a ] in the cites resulting in ].
:::#Given the age and obliqueness of Kepler's works a ] is needed for almost any quotation not to be considered ].
:::#Cherry picking quotes from a primary source to advance a position is inappropriate if not disingenuous.
:::#The "translated excerpts by Dr. Kenneth G. Negus" from are not a ] for the translation or interpretation of Kepler's writings.



<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; width:90%; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">
His premise was that, as an integral part of Universal Law, mathematical harmony is the key that binds all parts together: one theoretical proposition from his work introduced the ] into astrology; another introduced ] into astronomy.<sup></sup>
:{{Hanging indent|text = ] ] used to be known as the ''harmonic law''. It captures the relationship between the distance of planets from the Sun, and their orbital periods. ''"The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the mean distance from the Sun "''. See also {{cite book |title=Physics, the Human Adventure |author=Gerald James Holton, Stephen G. Brush |page=45 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=czaGZzR0XOUC&pg=PA45&dq=Kepler+%22harmonic+law%22 |isbn=0-8135-2908-5 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=2001}}}}
</blockquote>
::*Even more ].
:::#Accurate but not related to astrology.
:::#That Kepler's Third Law is also known as the ''Harmonic Law'' does not infer that it is somehow related to astrology.
:::#Given the fact that the Third Law has stood for four centuries (it's not considered a Law just because it's a good idea), attempting to conflate it with astrology is really beyond the pale...
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; margin-left:8em; width:80%; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">
"Appropriately, Kepler's third law is often called the Harmonic Law because it establishes one beautifully simple relationship among all the planets. From this peak we may survey our progress so far. Starting from the disconnected multitude of Ptolemaic gears we have reached a heliocentric formulation that views the solar system as a simple, logically connected unit. Our mind's eye grasps the Keplerian universe at one glance. and recognizes the main motions in it as the expression of simple laws expressed in a mathematical form. This has ever since been at model of highest achievement of empirical science."<div style="padding-left:1em; font-size:94%;">{{mdash}}{{cite book | last = Holton | first = Gerald | title = Physics, the human adventure : from Copernicus to Einstein and beyond | publisher = Rutgers University Press | location = New Brunswick, N.J | year = 2001 | isbn = 0813529085 | pages = 45 - 46}}
</div>
</blockquote>



<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; width:90%; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">
Kepler described astrology as "the foolish stepdaughter of astronomy" and "a dreadful superstition," leading to speculation that he cast horoscopes mainly as a source of income.<sup></sup>
:{{Hanging indent|text = {{cite book|first=Jeffrey Bennett, Megan Donohue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit|title=The cosmic perspective|year=2007|publisher=Pearson/Addison-Wesley|location=San Francisco, Calif.|isbn=0805392831|pages=82–84|edition=4th ed.}}}}
</blockquote>
::*Accurate but out of place in the section of this article (as any mention of Kepler would be).


It is important to note that like ], and almost all of their contemporaries, the fact that Kepler was an astrologer is not in doubt. However, the idea they made important contributions to astrology is the creation of modern astrologers and them alone. Tycho, who had much more faith in astrology than Kepler, is not noted for astrology but rather an idea that spawned a revolution in western thought...
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; width:90%; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">
"The times after Copernicus were times in which there were great debates about whether the planets in fact went around the sun along with the earth, or whether the earth was at the centre of the universe and so on. Then a man named Tycho Brahe evolved a way of answering the question. He thought that it might perhaps be a good idea to look very very carefully and to record exactly where the planets appear in the sky, and then the alternative theories might be distinguished from one another. This is the key of modern science and it was the beginning of the true understanding of Nature - this idea to look at the thing, to record the details, and to hope that in the information thus obtained might lie a clue to one or another theoretical interpretation."<div style="padding-left:1em; font-size:94%;">{{mdash}}{{cite book | last = Feynman | authorlink = Richard Feynman | first = Richard | title = The character of physical law | publisher = Modern Library | publication-date = 1994 | location = New York | year = 1965 | isbn = 9780679601272 }}
</div>
</blockquote>
All of that being said I am not against mentioning Kepler (although it should probably be more appropriate in the ] article) '''if''' the information is properly sourced '''and''' placed in context. {{mdash}}] (]) 02:51, 10 June 2012 (UTC)

::Yes there does appear to be severe issues of SYNTH, OR and bad sourcing. He could be mentioned in the history section though with the Cosmic perspective sourced line and some more, perhaps? ] (]) 10:23, 10 June 2012 (UTC)
:::Yes, there are plenty of good sources that cover Kepler's relationship with astrology. We should be able to do better than the line from Cosmic (it's also a bit out of context). <small>A report at ], full protection on the article and .... crickets.</small> {{mdash}}] (]) 17:54, 11 June 2012 (UTC)

== a more serious approach to editing this article ==


==Since When Has It Been Pseudoscience?==
I think it's disturbing how much freely-expressed ignorant contempt about astrology there is on this talk page. This type of poisonous bias spills over into the editing procedure, and leads to edit wars and headaches for administators. Perhaps the policy that wikipedia talk pages are not forums for general discussion of the subject should be strictly enforced here, because the editing process has clearly broken down. Perhaps wikipedia administrators will agree that editors who feel extreme disdain for a particular subject should make a point of not editing articles related to that subject.<br />
The question is 17th v 18th Century. The Society of Astrologers, (a page I'll be creating soon and would love some help with), was formed in the 17th century in contrast to the Royal Society. Their purpose was to restore Astrology's legitimacy. According to at least one historian they failed. Their focus and arguments were primarily religious, but the fact that the Royal Society continued on without them and the Society of Astrologers went defunct IMO demonstrates that already in the 17th century scientists were not taking it seriously. Yes, there was an RfC, but now we have new RS, and more to come -- Massimo Pigliucci an expert on pseudoscience, feels that the term "pseudoscience" makes sense even back when Cicero was criticizing Astrology.] (]) 15:11, 13 May 2023 (UTC)


:Here on page 220 apparently we get 1679 as the date of a "clear rejection of astrology in works of astronomy" (quote from ], not the reference) {{cite book|editor-last=Hoskin|editor-first=Michael|title=The Cambridge concise history of astronomy|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0521572910|edition=Printing 2003.}} I'm pretty sure 1679 is in the 17th century, no? ] (]) 04:16, 15 May 2023 (UTC)
Perhaps it would be useful to mention the view expressed by a reliable source, noted scholar ], who took the trouble to work his way through the premises of astrology from the inside: <br />
::The source only mentions a book dedicated to astronomy that eschews astrology. It is certainly not a "clear rejection" of astrology, at least as far as the source describes it. Even if it did reject astrology outright, that doesn't mean the academy at large rejected astrology.
::It took months of arguing to change the lead and its incredibly sneaky to wait until all that dies down for months to start editing it like no one would notice. ]<sub>(])</sub> 22:00, 15 May 2023 (UTC)
:::On the contrary, I want people to notice. I think we need to discuss this deeply held desire by some editors to, despite a high percentage of the RS that are currently in the article and more to come from me, promote a single POV from a group of historians who want to contextualize and legitimize astrology. I actually think there is value to that position and that it belongs in the article, but it currently is overwhelming the scientific and philosophy-of-science consensus that Astrology has pretty much been in opposition to Natural Philosophy for its entire existence. It gets a little complicated, however, whether or not we are talking about Western astrology. And the definition of pseudoscience is also tricky. And then there is the issue of distinguishing astronomy from astrology. But certainly as soon as you can say, "there was astrology and there was astronomy", you are firmly in the pseudoscientific zone. Saying this happened in the 17th century is quite modest, given that it actually happened as far back as the 1st Century when people like Cicero were plainly stating that astrology was in opposition to reason. Cicero wasn't saying "ignore the heavens" He was saying "astrology is bunk". And lastly, I haven't re-read the most recent RFC's, but I can tell you right now that they were not as broad as to say "is the lead perfect and should no changes be made to the body?" New RS requires a new discussion. So if that's what you consider "incredibly sneaky" lock me up. ] (]) 00:20, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
::::It is completely ahistorical to claim that astrology has been opposed to natural philosophy for its entire existence. Even Thaggard ''et al'' admits this.
::::P.S. If you didn't know, Cicero was an ]. As with all schools of ancient skepticism, they denied knowledge was possible altogether. Cicero wasn't arguing for astronomy against astrology. He was opposed to the idea that natural sciences -- including astrology in the first-century -- could lead to knowledge at all. ]<sub>(])</sub> 01:36, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
::::I'm now home and can make a more substantial response to this. You state that {{tq|a group of historians who want to contextualize and legitimize astrology}} are {{tq|overwhelming the scientific and philosophy-of-science consensus that Astrology has pretty much been in opposition to Natural Philosophy for its entire existence.}} Firstly, there is no such group of historians who are {{tq|overwhelming the consensus}}, whatever that means. There is a single -- small -- section dedicated to contextualizing astrology within a broader view of the history of science. The ] subsection is preceded by three subsections (over 1,500 words) regarding the scientific validity of astrology as practiced today. The lede introduces pseudoscience in the tenth word. And even then, {{em|historians of science are experts}}. There is no {{tq|overwhelm the consensus}}. There is simply the consensus among historians of science that astrology, as practiced before the 18th century, was not pseudoscience, let alone {{tq|in opposition to Natural Philosophy}}. This view is even shared by Paul Thagard, who writes:
::::{{blockquote|In the time of Ptolemy or even Kepler, astrology had few alternatives in the explanation of human personality and behavior. Existing alternatives were scarcely more sophisticated or corroborated than astrology. Hence astrology should be judged as not pseudoscientific in classical or Renaissance times, even though it is pseudoscientific today. Astrology was not simply a perverse sideline of Ptolemy and Kepler, but part of their scientific activity, even if a physicist involved with astrology today should be looked at askance. Only when the historical and social aspects of science are neglected does it become plausible that pseudoscience is an unchanging category. Rationality is not a property of ideas eternally: ideas, like actions, can be rational at time but irrational at others. Hence relativizing the science/pseudoscience distinction to historical periods is a desirable result.}}
::::You mention the {{tq|Society of Astrologers}}. You also seem to know that it was intended to defend astrology against {{em|religious}} criticism, not scientific criticism. The ] initially overlapped with the Society of Astrologers in a significant degree, so while the latter failed, the former wasn't {{tq|not taking seriously}}, nor was the Society of Astrologers formed {{tq|in contrast}} with the Royal Society. It is also doubtful you read the source you linked -- Pfeffer doesn't mention "pseudoscience" anywhere in her paper. In fact, the word pseudoscience was .
::::To concur with ], your edits are {{tq|ot an improvement}}.
::::Man, I love ] so much... ]<sub>(])</sub> 07:25, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
:::::You think there is a consensus amongst historians of science? Do you have sources for that? The two sources in the lead supporting the 18th century as the point of demarcation are not historians of science. One source is from a Catholic Encyclopedia and the other is a defense of "esotericism" by a "professor of the History of Hermetic Philosophy"!!!! Maybe you have better sources you could put in? Yes your Paul Thagard quotation is good, but he's obviously making a provocative polemic. And he doesn't support the 18th century. Thagard's position may be getting more of a foothold, but it's hardly a done deal. It's not a settled consensus, and so for us, as editors, decide Thagard's take in the correct one is not NPOV. We need to make it clear that throughout its history Astrology has had its critics. And as I've said giving the contextualizers a voice is also good. But right now the scale is tipped the wrong way. Per WP:FRINGE. ] (]) 23:14, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
::::::Here is ] who is as well if not better credentialed than Thagard, from his substack: "“In science, the burden of proof falls upon the claimant; and the more extraordinary a claim, the heavier is the burden of proof demanded.” That is completely correct, and as we have seen it is a principle that goes back at least to Hume and Laplace, though Cicero argues in a similar way in De Divinatione, where he criticizes the Stoics for believing in '''the pseudoscience of divination''' (he didn’t use that term, but that’s clearly what he meant)." ] (]) 23:43, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
:::::::Pigliucci's self-published Substack blog where he puts words in Cicero's mouth is not an improvement on Thagard. ]<sub>(])</sub> 00:10, 19 May 2023 (UTC)
::::::Let's start with Thagard:
::::::* {{cite journal | last=Thagard | first=Paul R. | title=Why Astrology is a Pseudoscience | journal=PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association | publisher=Cambridge University Press (CUP) | volume=1978 | issue=1 | year=1978 | issn=0270-8647 | doi=10.1086/psaprocbienmeetp.1978.1.192639 | pages=223–234}}'
::::::* {{cite book | last=Barton | first=Tamsyn | title=Ancient Astrology | publisher=Psychology Press | date=1994 | isbn=978-0-415-11029-7}}
::::::* {{cite book | last=Beck | first=Roger | title=A brief history of ancient astrology | publisher=Blackwell Pub. | publication-place=Malden, MA | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-470-77377-2 | oclc=214281257}}
::::::* {{cite book | last=Hanegraaff | first=Wouter J. | title=Esotericism and the Academy | publisher=Cambridge University Press | date=2012-01-19 | isbn=978-0-521-19621-5}}
::::::* {{cite | last=Rochberg | first=Francesca | title=Astral Sciences of Ancient Mesopotamia | publisher=Oxford University Press | date=2018-07-10 | doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199734146.013.62}}
::::::* {{cite journal | last=Taub | first=Liba | title=The Rehabilitation of Wretched Subjects | journal=Early Science and Medicine | publisher=Brill | volume=2 | issue=1 | year=1997 | issn=1383-7427 | doi=10.1163/157338297x00023 | pages=74–87}}
::::::* {{cite journal | last=Hankinson | first=R.J. | title=Stoicism, Science and Divination | journal=Apeiron | publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH | volume=21 | issue=2 | year=1988 | issn=2156-7093 | doi=10.1515/apeiron.1988.21.2.123}}
::::::There are others, but these are the main ones referenced in the page.
::::::Anyway, just because you put the ] in ]s doesn't mean it isn't a real field of study. Hanegraaff's book is published by ] and isn't a defense of esotericism at all. Plus, you seem to imply he's a quack of some sort, and not a professor at the ] specializing in the history of astrology and such...in other words, {{em|exactly}} the kind of expert one should reference -- if anyone knows the relationship between early modern science and astrology, it's Hanegraaff. Plus, the consensus among editors is that the Catholic Encyclopedia is reliable for many topics in religious studies.
::::::There is already discussion about ancient and pre-18th century criticism of astrology on the page. Not an improvement. ]<sub>(])</sub> 00:05, 19 May 2023 (UTC)
:::::::Okay, so we have two questions on the table. 1) was Astrology a pseudoscience before the 18th century? 2) was astrology criticized throughout its history prior to that?
:::::::As I said, the sources listed in the lead do not seem to support the text written there (18th century). Can you find support from your better sources? You've provided a nice list, however...
:::::::Thagard, who is pushing the historical relativistic point the hardest is a philosopher, but I'll accept him as relevant, and place against him Pigliucci who disagrees with him.
:::::::We are not allowed to decide which of them is correct nor give undue balance to one of their opinions. Especially since Thagard seems to have a spicy new take on it. He might be right to scold the stuffy old historians and their presentism, however, we don't just jump on any bandwagon that rolls by. Right now the longest paragraph in the lead pushes Thagard's position.
:::::::Now looking at your other sources. Do you have the books on hand? Can you provide author bios?
:::::::Tamsyn Barton, I can find nothing about then. Do you know what their credentials are?
:::::::As we've discussed Hanegraaf is something other than a historian of science. Yes you are correct he has credentials, but not in the field of history of science.
:::::::But the following look legit to me:
:::::::Francesca Rochberg. I'll pursue the exact pages quoted here to see what she is actually saying.
:::::::Liba Taub also looks legit to me.
:::::::Hankinson is good too.
:::::::As to Pfeffer, the source that I added to the page, you are right she doesn't use the term pseudoscience, but I disagree with your logical shell game of saying "the criticism was religious". The Society of Astrologers was grasping at legitimacy and failing in the 17th century. The straw they reached for was religion, because they the Natural Philosophy straw wasn't even an option for them. Regardless of what straw they were reaching for, they were obviously drowning in the 17th, not the 18th century. Here's what she says:
:::::::{{quote|
:::::::"The Society of Astrologers came into being at a time when mathematical practitioners thrived in London. Those with expertise in timekeeping, navigation, surveying, hydrog- raphy and other fields grew in popularity and sophistication from the mid-seventeenth century and were increasingly organized in professional and commercial institutions.14 This was a culture that privileged arts that were practical. Called upon to provide guid- ance on relationships, travel, agriculture and health, astrologers enjoyed extraordinary popularity in England especially during the Civil War (1642–51) and Interregnum (1649–60), when practitioners promised to address various personal and political needs.15 '''Yet the formation of the Society of Astrologers was prompted by the knowledge that the art was being seriously challenged in learned circles.16 It was also harder to access astrological teaching at the universities. The Savilian statutes of 1619, for example, had ‘utterly debarred’ the professor of astronomy at Oxford from teaching ‘all judicial astrology without exception’.'''17 Such circumstances called for the opportunities afforded by institutionalization."}} ] (]) 14:26, 29 May 2023 (UTC)
:::::::


::::::::I've already mentioned that Pigliucci's self-published blog (in which he places words in Cicero's mouth) is not an improvement or "on equal footing" with Thagard's paper, which is an academic publication. The former is only relevant for Pigliucci's own views. In any case, there are not {{tq|two questions on the table}}. There is only one question: do relevant, reliable sources support a 17th century date for the ascendance of astrology as a pseudoscience? The answer is a resounding "no."
"I decided to examine the history and principles of astrology in earnest by reading carefully through the canon of major astrological works, from Ptolemy's summation of classical astrology, the ''Tetrabilios'', and Kepler's , to modern texts by ], ], ], ], ], Harvey, ], ], and ]....I found the symbolic principles associated with the planets at the core of the astrological tradition unexpectedly easy to assimilate, since they proved to be surprisingly similar--indeed, essentially identical--to the archetypes of modern depth psychology familiar from the works of Freud and Jung and their successors in archetypal and transpersonal psychology." (Tarnas, ''Cosmos and Psyche'', p. 65)<br />
::::::::Tamsyn Barton is an anthropologist specializing in the history of astrology, an alumnus of ] and ], with a PhD from ]. Hanegraaff specializes in the history of astrology and dismissing his research is inane.
--] (]) 11:53, 12 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::::Lastly the only thing that matters with the Pfeffer source is that isn't relevant, it doesn't mention pseudoscience at all.
::::::::Feel free to check the sources. But if you do not have any sources that explicitly support a date in the 17th century for the recognition of astrology as a pseudoscience (which is borderline impossible, since the word didn't even exist in the 17th century) then refrain from editing the page to suggest such. ]<sub>(])</sub> 01:11, 30 May 2023 (UTC)
:::::::::As to Pigliucci's Notability you can't have a gripe, so under both ] and ], his "blog" is the professional opinion of a SECONDARY expert. And what he is saying there is completely in keeping with his published work and his relevant expertise. But don't worry, I have more sources coming. In the meantime...
:::::::::Here is a Misplaced Pages essay that you might find useful. You can find it here: ]. It's just an essay so doesn't carry the weight of Policy or Guideline, but still some food for thought, namely:
:::::::::"Most of our assessments of publisher reliability are based on pre-Internet reputation, and reputable publishers often print material by people who turn out to be quacks or frauds, anyway.
:::::::::...
:::::::::'''Being from a "major" (says who?) publisher is not ''proof'' that a source is reliable'''; it's just an indication that it is more likely to be reliable than self-published blogging or e-books – because at least one professional editor acted as a filter, and because other reliable sources cite material from this publisher on a regular basis."
:::::::::Cheers ] (]) 23:48, 1 June 2023 (UTC)
::::::::::As per ], {{tq|elf-published and questionable sources may be used as sources of information about themselves}}. Thus, it would be an acceptable source for a statement like {{tq|Pigliucci has stated that he believes astrology was a pseudoscience in antiquity}} (or something, a single parenthetical is not really notable here.) It would {{em|not}} be a reliable source for actually stating that astrology actually was a pseudoscience in antiquity, especially when a better-quality source (Thagard) says the opposite. A self-published Substack blog (scare quotes notwithstanding) where Pigliucci puts words in Cicero's mouth is {{em|not an improvement on Thagard}} for the date in which astrology becomes a pseudoscience.
::::::::::] isn't really applicable, unless you're implying that ] is a fringe source (he isn't.) As per your own quotation, academic publication is {{tq|an indication that it is more likely to be reliable than self-published blogging or e-books}}. In this case, the academic sources given absolutely are more reliable than a single, off-hand parenthetical self-published by Pigliucci. ]<sub>(])</sub> 02:07, 2 June 2023 (UTC)
:::::::::::Yay, we agree! We can indeed follow policy and say, per ABOUTSELF that Pigliucci an expert in pseudoscience, philosophy and science, a native speaker of Italian and a scholar of Greek and Roman philosophers in particular, '''says''' that Cicero considered Astrology to be a pseudoscience. Would you like to put that in or should I? ] (]) 21:49, 2 June 2023 (UTC)
::::::::::::As I originally stated, {{tq|a single parenthetical is not really notable here}}. It should not imply that such a view is comparable to the scholarly consensus -- which is that astrology was only recognized as a pseudoscience in the 18th century -- which is clearly what you're trying to do. As far as I know, Pigliucci is only a {{tq|scholar of Greek and Roman philosophers}} insofar as he's associated with ], anyway. He's not really a notable source for elucidating what Cicero thought about astrology, especially apparent since he puts the word pseudoscience in his mouth despite the fact that such a concept would be completely foreign to a first-century BCE academic skeptic. ]<sub>(])</sub> 00:11, 3 June 2023 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Can you please provide a link to whichever of the many many non-indexed and often-paywalled posts in "Pigliucci's substack blog" that you all are referring to or quoting? I checked the history and no such thing has been posted; you both seem to know exactly what is being discussed, but there's no way anyone else can follow. ] (]) 23:22, 14 August 2023 (UTC)
::::::::::::::Mme Dolya is referencing this (which is not an improvement on Thagard.) ]<sub>(])</sub> 07:49, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::The post is paywalled, but you say it's consistent with his published work. The topic in question seems to be Pigliucci talking about Cicero criticizing astrology. Any references to that, that normal people can access from say a university or public library? ] (]) 06:33, 18 August 2023 (UTC)
::::::::::::::::I don't know nor particularly care if it's consistent with his published work. I don't think it's an appropriate source and even if he did say that Ciceroc had a conception of pseudoscience in antiquity, I wouldn't buy it. ]<sub>(])</sub> 07:37, 18 August 2023 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::::Here is Fernandez-Beanato making the case that Cicero is actually talking about pseudo science.
:::::::::::::::::Here is Pigliucci building on this. Sorry this is paywalled. Maybe I can get you a pdf if you are interested.
::::::::::::::::: ] (]) 06:16, 2 January 2024 (UTC)
:I agree with the arbcom decision that gives astrology as an example of pseudoscience, and wp's rules and guidelines that require us to clearly describe it as such early in the lead, without waffling or qualification.
:
:The long and frankly exhausting arguments by a couple of people who nominally declare enthusiasm on the question of "who decided this when?" are not convincing, and don't meet the bar to break this policy. It would make the article worse.
:To those who have been advocating for weakening the clear description as PS, maybe your thesis on "it wasn't PS until 18xx" can go briefly somewhere in the history section if you must, but keep it out of the lead. ] (]) 03:06, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
::There are no rules or guidelines which {{em|require}} us to mark something without {{tq|qualification}} -- especially since with an article like this, the development of astronomy out of astrology and the process by which astrology {{em|became}} a pseudoscience, are incredibly important to an {{em|encyclopedic}} view of the topic -- i.e., one that is general and not dedicated to debunking modern horoscopic astrology (which represents an incredibly tiny fraction of the scholarly literature related to the topic.)
::Luckily there is consensus about the lede and there has been for more than a year (after another six months of discussion.) ]] 04:22, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
:::Its still wrong in my opinion because astrology never claimed to be a modern science nor do any other divinatory practices. ] (]) 13:59, 27 July 2024 (UTC)
::::Your opinion is irrelevant. Only what is published in ] counts on Misplaced Pages. --] (]) 07:55, 22 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::Thanks for the necropost, Hob. ]] 08:50, 22 October 2024 (UTC)
{{od|:::::::::::::::::}}Did you know that ... {{tq|Cicero himself was an ], a member of the college of officials who oversaw augury}} ({{sfnlink|article=De Divinatione|nb=yes|Wynne|2019|p=183}})?{{pb}}It's a bit tricky to use someone like ], who is not an expert on Cicero and published this in a non-academic magazine like '']''. Damian Fernandez-Beanato is much better already, but still not by any means a specialist in Cicero, or even in ancient philosophy.{{pb}}It would be wise to compare Pigliucci's and Fernandez-Beanato's work with what some of the most respected ancient philosophy experts have written about this topic, such as ] and ] (see {{sfnlink|article=De Divinatione|nb=yes|Schofield|1986}} (access possible via ]) and {{sfnlink|article=astrology|nb=yes|Long|2005}} (already used in the article)). Another useful source may be {{sfnlink|article=De Divinatione|nb=yes|Wynne|2019}}, who is a Cicero expert but not a really well-established scholar as far as I know. <span style="text-shadow:#000 0em 0em 1em">☿&nbsp;] (]&nbsp;])</span> 20:15, 18 January 2024 (UTC)


:I'm late but here's my two cents: it's misleading to talk about "science" in the age of Cicero. While the ancients were doing what we'd call "proto-science", and while many Medieval thinkers were engaged in "natural philosophy" (what we call "science"), modern science as we understand it (a process involving empiricism, heavy reliance on mathematics, and results that can be tested and replicated) did not really emerge until the 16th Century at the earliest. So, the age of Galileo.
::Most of the editing with respect to the article appears to be civil and productive. I don't think anyone has said they have contempt or disdain for Astrology, but that is irrelevant though. It's perfectly acceptable for someone to think Astrology is nonsense as long as they edit and discuss in accordance with wikipedia policies and guidelines; you appear to be of the opinion that only Astrology supporters can edit this article. I don't think it's acceptable to refer to the views of other editors as ignorant though as you have done. As has already been indicated earlier, the cultural impact of astrology (which is a different matter and unrelated to the scientific section) shouldn't stop us clearly stating in the wikipedia tone, the scientific consensus about astrology as a predictive tool etc, as we would do for any topic per ],] and ]. <small>Edit: Also I'm not sure why you have moved this to a separate section when you are repeating the same points of the original.</small> ] (]) 12:54, 12 June 2012 (UTC)
:As to when astrology was widely recognized as "pseudoscience" -it's hard to tell. While Galileo was definitely doing empirical science (again, as we understand it), he was also involved in astrology. Even Newton was publishing on astrology in the 17th Century and it does not seem like this was anything unusual for a scientist of that age. I want to say the 18th Century was a turning point, and if that's what reliable sources say, it's probably accurate. The arguments about Cicero, while interesting, seem fringe. ] (]) 00:28, 18 June 2024 (UTC)


== Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 29 July 2024 ==
:::Thank you, IRWolfie, for your civil response. It is clear that we have some differences of opinion, and also that you have misunderstood my opinion about who can edit this article. Being opposed to something is different from making personal rants on talk pages. I suppose you're correct that I shouldn't have used the word "ignorant." That tends to be unhelpful, even if many opinionated editors have absolutely no idea about what professional astrologers really do and talk about. I have no problem with clearly and forthrightly reporting the scientific consensus about astrology as a predictive tool. But my point was that focusing on the predictive element of astrology mischaracterizes the subject -- hence my citation of the "canon" of astrological works, which few of the editors on this page are familiar with. The major trend in astrology in recent decades has been toward its use as a tool for psychological counseling and personal reflection, NOT as a method of fortune-telling. The international astrological community has its own journals, publishing houses, and professional associations, and a lot of this material meets the wikipedia requirements for reliable sources. There seems to be a question of balance in the article, and that is why I decided to move my post to a new section. And please understand that I have no interest in arguing that astrology is "scientific."--] (]) 02:56, 13 June 2012 (UTC)


{{edit extended-protected|Astrology|answered=yes}}
::::I think you're hung up on the word "predictive" here. Predictive does not necessarily refer to the future. One can predict present or past events or conditions as well, as is, in fact, most often the case in science and academics.
In 2nd paragraph of Ancient World section, 7th line, please change "first dynasty of Mesopotamia" to "first dynasty of Babylon". (See pertinent Misplaced Pages chronology entries, e.g. in Chronology of the Ancient Near East.) ] (]) 16:13, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
::::And modern astrology is nothing but a form of divination; it has no other aspects independent of divination, except perhaps entertainment and fraud. When used in "psychological counseling" or "personal reflection", it is used solely as a form of divination, i.e., as a means to make predictions. Furthermore, it has no demonstrated value or validity in any of those fields, or any other, except entertainment.
: This edit was completed by another editor ] (]) 20:42, 31 July 2024 (UTC)
::::The characterization of astrology as a form of psychology and self-improvement is nothing but the same sort of special pleading as calling it a form of religion. It is merely a ploy to deceive the gullible and uniformed public by deflecting criticism from the scientific and scholarly community.
::::As for "the international astrological community" and its journals, publishing houses, and professional associations, they are recognized by no one besides themselves, and are merely a fraudulent attempt to give astrology some form of academic/scientific legitimacy. Sadly, you've been taken in. Their journals and publications are completely worthless as sources, even about themselves because of their self-serving and in-universe nature.
::::The term "astrologer", when applied to modern practitioners, is also indefinable. Anybody can call themself an astrologer, and their claim is exactly as valid as anyone else's. Membership in a "professional" astrological association or completion of a course in astrology adds exactly zero to one's qualifications. A "professional astrolger" who has completed a university course in astrology at, for example, Trinity St David has no more legitimacy than a washed up circus fortune-teller.
::::I myself can make up a completely bullshit form of astrology based on the position of Uranus, for example, and validly claim to be the best astrologer in the world in total seriousness, as no one has ever been demonstrated in any sense to be a better astrologer than me.
::::Your claim that there is, or that there must be, anything whatsoever of value to modern astrology (besides entertainment) is not born out by the reliable sources. Like any other form of divinition, astrology remains complete nonsense until proven otherwise, and as yet, there is absolutely zero evidence.
::::As for calling skeptical editors like me "ignorant", that is certainly not called for. I have spent the last year sifting through the astrological literature and learning about the "astrological community", and I have a pretty sound idea of the topic, far better than most "astrologers". I have yet to see anything published by modern "astrologists" that is not complete and arrant nonsense, except perhaps some historical or lieterary analyses of classical and medieval astrology. And I have yet to see anything in independent reliable sources that characterize astrology as anything but complete and arrant nonsense. ] (]) 04:15, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::Try reading what Kuhn says on astrology in ''The Essential Tension''. He's very good on the subject. He thinks it's wrong, sure, but he doesn't think it's "complete and arrant nonsense." ] (]) 04:22, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::Actually, he does call it nonsense from a scientific point of view, in that he considers totally non-scientific. His comment about astrology "particular failures did not give rise to research puzzles, for no man, however skilled, could make use of them in a constructive attempt to revise the astrological tradition" basically jives with what I have stated above, that anyone is as qualified an astrologer as anyone else. In a field where anything is permitted and it is impossible to distinguish arrant nonsense from anything else, everything is arrant nonsense. ] (]) 05:43, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::::Dominus Vobisdu, perhaps now is an opportune time to review ], which says: "Article talk pages should not be used by editors as platforms for their personal views on a subject." This wikipedia guideline is being blatantly ignored around here by people like you. You are, of course, entitled to your personal opinions about astrology. One of the tricks to making wikipedia work is for people with strongly-opposed opinions to learn to at least grudgingly cooperate. The referenced wikipedia guideline has the effect of hindering chest-beating pompousity, which helps to preserve a spirit of cooperation.
:::::::Regarding your blanket disapproval of reliable sources (according to wikipedia standards) from within the astrological community '''about the topic of astrology''', I don't think that your point of view will stand up to impartial review. It'll be an intersting discussion when somebody introduces a reference to such a source.--] (]) 06:34, 13 June 2012 (UTC)


== Extended ==
::::::::Considering that Polisher of Cobwebs made the first statement not directly about the article it's hardly fair to call another editor up on ] etc for replying. As far as I can see people are in fact cooperating, I have found things to be remarkably peaceful on this article page, I think the discussions while sometimes heated are civil. Also considering you haven't made any suggestions for article content I'm not sure what you expect references to show. ] (]) 09:03, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::::::uh, Polisher of Cobwebs made a brief reply to an extended off-topic rant by Dominus Vobisdu. If we can get DV to behave himself, I'm sure we won't have any problems with PofC.
:::::::::It seems that you failed to notice my suggestion for article content: Richard Tarnas's correlation of the symbolic meaning of the planets with psychological archetypes. Beyond that, Tarnas is a reliable outsider looking into the astrological tradition and providing us with a list of "top-quality" works within the corpus of astrological literature, many (if not all) of which meet the wikipedia criteria for reliable sources. I think that the wikipedia article on astrology should be open to inclusion of content from these sources listed by Tarnas. Finally, I provided a link to a scholarly treatment of Kepler's take on astrology. That is my first step in entering the current dispute over Kepler; I haven't said anything more at the moment because I want to think it through carefully -- haven't made up my mind who's right yet, probably won't get to it until this weekend.
:::::::::--] (]) 13:12, 13 June 2012 (UTC)


aph of Ancient World section, 7th line, pleas ] (]) 07:47, 26 September 2024 (UTC)
::::::::::Starting the discussion by an attack only served to divert the discussion, I don't think anyone has denied that content should be there describing Astrology or any cultural impact. ], by Tarnas an american astrologer though, appears to make claims on astrology that are at odds with the mainstream assessment though and should be used with extreme caution: per the other wiki article which states: ''The core argument of Cosmos and Psyche rests on the claim that the major events of Western cultural history are consistently and meaningfully correlated with the observed angular positions of the planets''. He is not the ''reliable outsider'' you have described. ] (]) 13:57, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
:Aph? ] (]) 10:26, 26 September 2024 (UTC)
::::I intervened on this talk page by pointing out the routine flagrant violation of wikipedia policy around here, which doesn't seem to bother you. Your characterization of the editing around here as "civil and productive" flies in the face of the fact that this article is under temporary protection (yet again) because of persistent edit warring. As an outsider on this page, it seems reasonable to suppose that this persistent edit warring is related to the routine violation of wikipedia policy on the talk page. I don't expect to be able to do much to improve this article until the ingrained dysfunction over here is addressed.
::::You refer to ] as an astrologer, but that's clearly a mistake. His wikipedia page identifies him as a professor of philosophy and psychology and a cultural historian. He is clearly "'''reliable'''," for wikipedia purposes, in areas related to his expertise. He has never been a practicing astrologer, and his book ] has nothing to do with traditional astrological techniques of horoscope interpretation. His expertise and training and career are all '''outside''' the astrological profession, which is why I used "'''outsider'''" to describe him in relation to astrology. His earlier book on the entire span of western philosophy, ], was a best-seller, so he is eminently qualified to look into the astrological tradition and identify the core writings of the field.
::::--] (]) 23:47, 13 June 2012 (UTC)


== 6 month before ==
:::::If you "don't expect to do much to improve the article", as you say, then this discussion is a waste. This is not the place to discuss editor conduct, or to change or clarify policy. RFCU, WQA and ANI are for the former, and the Village Pump or Reference desk for the latter. I have to agree with others that you're being unnecessarily confrontational. A lot of high-profile pages are semi-protected due to vandalism or persistent edit warring; PP is not directly correlated with the editing environment, as you assume. I think it's time to either make some concrete proposals for the article (and let others comment on them), or to let this go. There's no reason we need yet more drama, particularly when directed at specific editors. &nbsp; &mdash; ]<span style="margin:0 7px;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:0.9em">&middot; ]]</span> 02:04, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::Okay, I propose that the article mention Richard Tarnas's correlation of the symbolic meanings of the planets with psychological archetypes.--] (]) 02:14, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::::Cool. Is there any specific wording you had in mind? &nbsp; &mdash; ]<span style="margin:0 7px;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:0.9em">&middot; ]]</span> 02:19, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::::Yes, my personal inclination would be to draw from the quote from Tarnas that I posted at the beginning of this section. I suggest inserting a sentence after either of the two locations in the current article where the phrase "psychological astrology" appears, with a sentence something like: Psychologist and philosopher Richard Tarnas has found that "the symbolic principles associated with the planets at the core of the astrological tradition" are "surprisingly similar--indeed, essentially identical--to the archetypes of modern depth psychology." (Tarnas, Cosmos and Psyche, p. 65)
::::::::--] (]) 02:28, 14 June 2012 (UTC)


Rohit ] (]) 05:02, 6 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::::::Okay, that's helpful. Thanks. If we included any content like that, we'd probably have to word it differently. For one thing, I'm not sure what that means. "The symbolic principles planets are identical to the archetypes of psychology"? What "''principles'' of the planets"? What "''archetypes'' of psychology"? How can planets be identical to psychology? This seems to be comparing apples to oranges, and at best we'd need more context to make this valuable to the reader. Second of all, we'd probably want to do a better job of attributing the claim. Saying "Tarnas has ''found that'' these things are true" is to say that they are, as a matter of fact, true. Instead, we'd probably want to say that Tarnas ''believes that'' they are true. We need to make sure we're assigning proper weight to the passage. Within Astrology, is Tarnas' view a majority view, a minority view, or a fringe view? What does consensus within Psychology have to say about Tarnas' ideas? I'm not incredibly familiar with Tarnas, so anything you can point me to regarding those questions could be helpful. &nbsp; &mdash; ]<span style="margin:0 7px;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:0.9em">&middot; ]]</span> 02:44, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
:What are you saying? ] (]) 09:21, 6 October 2024 (UTC)
::Tarnas is extreme fringe both within astrology and within academia. He is one of Campion's clique, and, like Campion, champions an astrology that does not yet exist yet, but needs to be invented. He has a high level of disregard and disdain for astrology as it is curently practiced, which he believes is deeply flawed and causes harm to people.
::In academia, his views on astrology are beyond the deep end- new agey to the extreme, and his views in "Cosmos and Psyche" have been widely rejected when they have not been completely ignored, as he himself states. He is a professor at the extremely wonky and woo-woo California Institute of Integral Studies, which had it's accreditation by the APA yanked.
::I've listened to lectures by him, and it's like listening to that guy who gets stoned at the party and starts "philosphizing". Incoherent and embarrasing blither, worse than Campion when not constrained by peer review. Here's a good example, where he discusses "Cosmos and Psyche" and modern asrtology: ].
::I would remind Other Choices that psychology is a science, and that any discussion of the psychological aspects or uses of astrology would require real academic and scientific sources. Cosmos and Psyche does not fit the bill by a long shot. Here's the Wall Street Journal review on the book ]. As far as this article goes, it is only reliable as a source about Tarnas' own views, which are so idiosycratic that they are basically useless. Any quote by Tarnas on the scientific aspects of astrology, including psychology, would have to come from a serious academic scientific source, preferably peer-reviewed. ] (]) 06:22, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
:::An introduction to the psychological archetypes is here: ]. The "symbolic principles" of the planets is simply their astrological meanings; see ]
:::Tarnas is given a very serious ear within the astrological community. He has appeared at many astrological conferences, per the list here: http://www.cosmosandpsyche.com/pages/calendar/
:::As DV points out, Tarnas is definitely "fringe" within psychology. However, because of his definite notability, I think Tarnas's view is worth mentioning, together with a mention of reliable sources that disagree with him.--] (]) 09:57, 14 June 2012 (UTC)


== Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 19 November 2024 ==
::::Are you trying to say that he should be used as being representative of the views of astrologers? ] (]) 10:00, 14 June 2012 (UTC)


{{edit extended-protected|Astrology|answered=yes}}
:::::He is definitely not representative of present-day astrological practitioners, for whom he has very low regard (a fact that is blithely overlooked or perhaps itnentionally ignored by his fans in the astrological community). And sorry, but the fact that he is given a very serious ear within the astrological community is irrelevant, as none in that community have the expertise or competence to evaluate scientific (psychological) statements.
Hi, There is a permanent dead link in the article citation 110. I want to replace this link with a live link of an authentic article. Please allow me to edit the article citations by this link - https://www.astroculture.in/blog/discover-thechinese-zodiac/ ] (]) 12:29, 19 November 2024 (UTC)
:::::We write wikipedia articles based on reliable sources written by independent experts that are recognized by the mainstream community. Especially with topics related to science and history, including psychology, we rely on REAL academic sources published in REAL academic outlets. If Tarnas has something to say about the psychological aspects of astrology, he is obligated to publish them in genuine academic outlets subject to genuine academic review. What he says elsewhere carries no weight outside of the astrological community, and most importantly withing the relevant scholarly (not-pseudoscholarly) community. As such, it should carry no weight here in WP. ] (]) 11:03, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::er, I'd hesitate to point to anybody as being representative of the views of astrologers, that's sort of like herding cats. But I think it is fair to say that Tarnas's association of planetary symbolism with archetypal energies corresponds closely to the views of psychological astrologers, who are as "mainstream" as it gets in the world of astrology. More generally, Tarnas's correlation of planetary aspects with historical events and shifts is completely mainstream among astrologers; he is sort of a "leader of the pack" in this area because most astrologers don't do historical research -- this whole area of astrology is outside their bread-and-butter of interpreting horoscopes for clients.--] (]) 12:19, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
::::::EDIT: I wrote the latest post before DV's latest. In reply to DV: I think that the question of Tarnas's weight within the astrological community is immediately relevant to the wikipedia article on '''astrology'''.--] (]) 12:24, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
:::::::But not regarding material related to science, where the opinion of the astrological community carries no weight itself, and their expertise is not recognized by anyone other than themselves. WP is not a platform for astrologers to present their version of astrology as they would like to see it presented. We present it as it is presented in reliable, INDEPENDENT sources, just like we present Intelligent Design or other forms of creationism.
:::::::Two big problems are that there is an absolute dearth of reliable sources on modern astrology, as few in the real world have bothered writing about it except to debunk it, and the lack of any figure within the "astrological community" who can be regarded as representative, as it's a free-for-all, every-man-for-himself type of field.
:::::::Tarnas is extremely unrepresentative, and belongs to a tiny clique of wannabe "serious" astrologers. Despite his academic background and the fact that he wraps his product attractively in pseudo-scholarly and pseudo-scientific language, his astrological "theories" enjoy no more support in the real-world academic community than those of a totally incompetent circus fortuneteller. They just look more mainstream. Don't be taken in by appearences. He's a garden variety crank and crack-pot. ] (]) 12:44, 14 June 2012 (UTC)


: Hi {{ping|AstroCulture}}. I've updated the link. Unfortunately, the url that you have provided would not have worked. Blogs are generally not considered to be ]. --] (]) 14:39, 19 November 2024 (UTC)
{{od}}I seem to be getting two things from this discussion. 1) Tarnas is accepted and respected within the Astrology community, and 2) Tarnas is fringe within the Astrology community. I don't know how both could be true; perhaps I've misread something. @OC, if Tarnas is a majority view within the Astrology community, then it should be easy to list common reference texts (such as discussions of the history of Astrology) which prominently feature Tarnas. If Tarnas is a minority view within Astrology, then he should be listed prominently by sources independent of him. Do we have either of those types of sources? &nbsp; &mdash; ]<span style="margin:0 7px;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:0.9em">&middot; ]]</span> 14:47, 14 June 2012 (UTC)
:Weirdly, both are true. Tarnas himself expresses deep disgust with modern astrology as it is currently practiced. Watch just about any video interview with him on YouTube, and you'll see that the disgust is quite viceral, accompanied by undisguised dsipesia. (See this video, for example: ]) He violently LOATHES the masses of astrological practitoners. He's trying to get astrology taken seriously as a legitimate science, and here are these ignorant charlatans pissing in his swimming pool. He wants nothing, but nothing, to do with them. Except for the attention and, let's face it, the cash it brings him.
:The weird thing is that those ignorant charlatans bend over backwards to kiss his ass and sing his praises. They blithely brush aside the fact that Tarnas thinks they are charlatans that are hurting people, and are more than satisfied with the patina of "legitimacy" that Tarnas brings to astrology. They definitely have a vested self-interested reason for branding him as one of their own, whether they actually agree with him or not.
:We've been over this before with Nick Campion, a close associate of Tarnas who likewise is disatisfied by modern astrology and believes that a new astrology needs to be invented on a "scientific" basis. Both Tarnas and Campion, however, have no qualms about wading neck deep in shit with the charlatans they despise if it butters their bread.
:In fact, a swarm of Campion's minions held this article hostage for a year before a whole bunch of them were mass banned. The clique Tarnas and Campion belong to is quite small, at most twenty core individuals, if that. Most of them have genuine academic qualifications, and publish (legitimate, non-controversial) work on astrology (mostly historical or literary anaysis) in real peer-reviewed academic journals. Turn off the peer-review, though, and they turn into frothing lunatics, like Jeckyl and Hyde. It's embarassing to watch. ] (]) 15:24, 14 June 2012 (UTC)

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Since When Has It Been Pseudoscience?

The question is 17th v 18th Century. The Society of Astrologers, (a page I'll be creating soon and would love some help with), was formed in the 17th century in contrast to the Royal Society. Their purpose was to restore Astrology's legitimacy. According to at least one historian they failed. Their focus and arguments were primarily religious, but the fact that the Royal Society continued on without them and the Society of Astrologers went defunct IMO demonstrates that already in the 17th century scientists were not taking it seriously. Yes, there was an RfC, but now we have new RS, and more to come -- Massimo Pigliucci an expert on pseudoscience, feels that the term "pseudoscience" makes sense even back when Cicero was criticizing Astrology.DolyaIskrina (talk) 15:11, 13 May 2023 (UTC)

Here on page 220 apparently we get 1679 as the date of a "clear rejection of astrology in works of astronomy" (quote from Astrology and science, not the reference) Hoskin, Michael, ed. (2003). The Cambridge concise history of astronomy (Printing 2003. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521572910. I'm pretty sure 1679 is in the 17th century, no? DolyaIskrina (talk) 04:16, 15 May 2023 (UTC)
The source only mentions a book dedicated to astronomy that eschews astrology. It is certainly not a "clear rejection" of astrology, at least as far as the source describes it. Even if it did reject astrology outright, that doesn't mean the academy at large rejected astrology.
It took months of arguing to change the lead and its incredibly sneaky to wait until all that dies down for months to start editing it like no one would notice. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 22:00, 15 May 2023 (UTC)
On the contrary, I want people to notice. I think we need to discuss this deeply held desire by some editors to, despite a high percentage of the RS that are currently in the article and more to come from me, promote a single POV from a group of historians who want to contextualize and legitimize astrology. I actually think there is value to that position and that it belongs in the article, but it currently is overwhelming the scientific and philosophy-of-science consensus that Astrology has pretty much been in opposition to Natural Philosophy for its entire existence. It gets a little complicated, however, whether or not we are talking about Western astrology. And the definition of pseudoscience is also tricky. And then there is the issue of distinguishing astronomy from astrology. But certainly as soon as you can say, "there was astrology and there was astronomy", you are firmly in the pseudoscientific zone. Saying this happened in the 17th century is quite modest, given that it actually happened as far back as the 1st Century when people like Cicero were plainly stating that astrology was in opposition to reason. Cicero wasn't saying "ignore the heavens" He was saying "astrology is bunk". And lastly, I haven't re-read the most recent RFC's, but I can tell you right now that they were not as broad as to say "is the lead perfect and should no changes be made to the body?" New RS requires a new discussion. So if that's what you consider "incredibly sneaky" lock me up. DolyaIskrina (talk) 00:20, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
It is completely ahistorical to claim that astrology has been opposed to natural philosophy for its entire existence. Even Thaggard et al admits this.
P.S. If you didn't know, Cicero was an academic skeptic. As with all schools of ancient skepticism, they denied knowledge was possible altogether. Cicero wasn't arguing for astronomy against astrology. He was opposed to the idea that natural sciences -- including astrology in the first-century -- could lead to knowledge at all. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 01:36, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
I'm now home and can make a more substantial response to this. You state that a group of historians who want to contextualize and legitimize astrology are overwhelming the scientific and philosophy-of-science consensus that Astrology has pretty much been in opposition to Natural Philosophy for its entire existence. Firstly, there is no such group of historians who are overwhelming the consensus, whatever that means. There is a single -- small -- section dedicated to contextualizing astrology within a broader view of the history of science. The Reception in the social sciences subsection is preceded by three subsections (over 1,500 words) regarding the scientific validity of astrology as practiced today. The lede introduces pseudoscience in the tenth word. And even then, historians of science are experts. There is no overwhelm the consensus. There is simply the consensus among historians of science that astrology, as practiced before the 18th century, was not pseudoscience, let alone in opposition to Natural Philosophy. This view is even shared by Paul Thagard, who writes:

In the time of Ptolemy or even Kepler, astrology had few alternatives in the explanation of human personality and behavior. Existing alternatives were scarcely more sophisticated or corroborated than astrology. Hence astrology should be judged as not pseudoscientific in classical or Renaissance times, even though it is pseudoscientific today. Astrology was not simply a perverse sideline of Ptolemy and Kepler, but part of their scientific activity, even if a physicist involved with astrology today should be looked at askance. Only when the historical and social aspects of science are neglected does it become plausible that pseudoscience is an unchanging category. Rationality is not a property of ideas eternally: ideas, like actions, can be rational at time but irrational at others. Hence relativizing the science/pseudoscience distinction to historical periods is a desirable result.

You mention the Society of Astrologers. You also seem to know that it was intended to defend astrology against religious criticism, not scientific criticism. The Royal Society initially overlapped with the Society of Astrologers in a significant degree, so while the latter failed, the former wasn't not taking seriously, nor was the Society of Astrologers formed in contrast with the Royal Society. It is also doubtful you read the source you linked -- Pfeffer doesn't mention "pseudoscience" anywhere in her paper. In fact, the word pseudoscience was not coined until the late 18th century.
To concur with User:AndytheGrump, your edits are ot an improvement.
Man, I love Template:Talk quote inline so much... MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 07:25, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
You think there is a consensus amongst historians of science? Do you have sources for that? The two sources in the lead supporting the 18th century as the point of demarcation are not historians of science. One source is from a Catholic Encyclopedia and the other is a defense of "esotericism" by a "professor of the History of Hermetic Philosophy"!!!! Maybe you have better sources you could put in? Yes your Paul Thagard quotation is good, but he's obviously making a provocative polemic. And he doesn't support the 18th century. Thagard's position may be getting more of a foothold, but it's hardly a done deal. It's not a settled consensus, and so for us, as editors, decide Thagard's take in the correct one is not NPOV. We need to make it clear that throughout its history Astrology has had its critics. And as I've said giving the contextualizers a voice is also good. But right now the scale is tipped the wrong way. Per WP:FRINGE. DolyaIskrina (talk) 23:14, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
Here is Massimo Pigliucci who is as well if not better credentialed than Thagard, from his substack: "“In science, the burden of proof falls upon the claimant; and the more extraordinary a claim, the heavier is the burden of proof demanded.” That is completely correct, and as we have seen it is a principle that goes back at least to Hume and Laplace, though Cicero argues in a similar way in De Divinatione, where he criticizes the Stoics for believing in the pseudoscience of divination (he didn’t use that term, but that’s clearly what he meant)." DolyaIskrina (talk) 23:43, 18 May 2023 (UTC)
Pigliucci's self-published Substack blog where he puts words in Cicero's mouth is not an improvement on Thagard. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 00:10, 19 May 2023 (UTC)
Let's start with Thagard:
There are others, but these are the main ones referenced in the page.
Anyway, just because you put the esotericism in scare quotes doesn't mean it isn't a real field of study. Hanegraaff's book is published by Cambridge University Press and isn't a defense of esotericism at all. Plus, you seem to imply he's a quack of some sort, and not a professor at the University of Amsterdam specializing in the history of astrology and such...in other words, exactly the kind of expert one should reference -- if anyone knows the relationship between early modern science and astrology, it's Hanegraaff. Plus, the consensus among editors is that the Catholic Encyclopedia is reliable for many topics in religious studies.
There is already discussion about ancient and pre-18th century criticism of astrology on the page. Not an improvement. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 00:05, 19 May 2023 (UTC)
Okay, so we have two questions on the table. 1) was Astrology a pseudoscience before the 18th century? 2) was astrology criticized throughout its history prior to that?
As I said, the sources listed in the lead do not seem to support the text written there (18th century). Can you find support from your better sources? You've provided a nice list, however...
Thagard, who is pushing the historical relativistic point the hardest is a philosopher, but I'll accept him as relevant, and place against him Pigliucci who disagrees with him.
We are not allowed to decide which of them is correct nor give undue balance to one of their opinions. Especially since Thagard seems to have a spicy new take on it. He might be right to scold the stuffy old historians and their presentism, however, we don't just jump on any bandwagon that rolls by. Right now the longest paragraph in the lead pushes Thagard's position.
Now looking at your other sources. Do you have the books on hand? Can you provide author bios?
Tamsyn Barton, I can find nothing about then. Do you know what their credentials are?
As we've discussed Hanegraaf is something other than a historian of science. Yes you are correct he has credentials, but not in the field of history of science.
But the following look legit to me:
Francesca Rochberg. I'll pursue the exact pages quoted here to see what she is actually saying.
Liba Taub also looks legit to me.
Hankinson is good too.
As to Pfeffer, the source that I added to the page, you are right she doesn't use the term pseudoscience, but I disagree with your logical shell game of saying "the criticism was religious". The Society of Astrologers was grasping at legitimacy and failing in the 17th century. The straw they reached for was religion, because they the Natural Philosophy straw wasn't even an option for them. Regardless of what straw they were reaching for, they were obviously drowning in the 17th, not the 18th century. Here's what she says:
"The Society of Astrologers came into being at a time when mathematical practitioners thrived in London. Those with expertise in timekeeping, navigation, surveying, hydrog- raphy and other fields grew in popularity and sophistication from the mid-seventeenth century and were increasingly organized in professional and commercial institutions.14 This was a culture that privileged arts that were practical. Called upon to provide guid- ance on relationships, travel, agriculture and health, astrologers enjoyed extraordinary popularity in England especially during the Civil War (1642–51) and Interregnum (1649–60), when practitioners promised to address various personal and political needs.15 Yet the formation of the Society of Astrologers was prompted by the knowledge that the art was being seriously challenged in learned circles.16 It was also harder to access astrological teaching at the universities. The Savilian statutes of 1619, for example, had ‘utterly debarred’ the professor of astronomy at Oxford from teaching ‘all judicial astrology without exception’.17 Such circumstances called for the opportunities afforded by institutionalization." DolyaIskrina (talk) 14:26, 29 May 2023 (UTC)
I've already mentioned that Pigliucci's self-published blog (in which he places words in Cicero's mouth) is not an improvement or "on equal footing" with Thagard's paper, which is an academic publication. The former is only relevant for Pigliucci's own views. In any case, there are not two questions on the table. There is only one question: do relevant, reliable sources support a 17th century date for the ascendance of astrology as a pseudoscience? The answer is a resounding "no."
Tamsyn Barton is an anthropologist specializing in the history of astrology, an alumnus of Oxford University and SOAS University of London, with a PhD from Cambridge University. Hanegraaff specializes in the history of astrology and dismissing his research is inane.
Lastly the only thing that matters with the Pfeffer source is that isn't relevant, it doesn't mention pseudoscience at all.
Feel free to check the sources. But if you do not have any sources that explicitly support a date in the 17th century for the recognition of astrology as a pseudoscience (which is borderline impossible, since the word didn't even exist in the 17th century) then refrain from editing the page to suggest such. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 01:11, 30 May 2023 (UTC)
As to Pigliucci's Notability you can't have a gripe, so under both WP:ABOUTSELF and WP:PARITY, his "blog" is the professional opinion of a SECONDARY expert. And what he is saying there is completely in keeping with his published work and his relevant expertise. But don't worry, I have more sources coming. In the meantime...
Here is a Misplaced Pages essay that you might find useful. You can find it here: Misplaced Pages:Frequently misinterpreted sourcing policy. It's just an essay so doesn't carry the weight of Policy or Guideline, but still some food for thought, namely:
"Most of our assessments of publisher reliability are based on pre-Internet reputation, and reputable publishers often print material by people who turn out to be quacks or frauds, anyway.
...
Being from a "major" (says who?) publisher is not proof that a source is reliable; it's just an indication that it is more likely to be reliable than self-published blogging or e-books – because at least one professional editor acted as a filter, and because other reliable sources cite material from this publisher on a regular basis."
Cheers DolyaIskrina (talk) 23:48, 1 June 2023 (UTC)
As per WP:ABOUTSELF, elf-published and questionable sources may be used as sources of information about themselves. Thus, it would be an acceptable source for a statement like Pigliucci has stated that he believes astrology was a pseudoscience in antiquity (or something, a single parenthetical is not really notable here.) It would not be a reliable source for actually stating that astrology actually was a pseudoscience in antiquity, especially when a better-quality source (Thagard) says the opposite. A self-published Substack blog (scare quotes notwithstanding) where Pigliucci puts words in Cicero's mouth is not an improvement on Thagard for the date in which astrology becomes a pseudoscience.
WP:PARITY isn't really applicable, unless you're implying that Paul Thagard is a fringe source (he isn't.) As per your own quotation, academic publication is an indication that it is more likely to be reliable than self-published blogging or e-books. In this case, the academic sources given absolutely are more reliable than a single, off-hand parenthetical self-published by Pigliucci. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 02:07, 2 June 2023 (UTC)
Yay, we agree! We can indeed follow policy and say, per ABOUTSELF that Pigliucci an expert in pseudoscience, philosophy and science, a native speaker of Italian and a scholar of Greek and Roman philosophers in particular, says that Cicero considered Astrology to be a pseudoscience. Would you like to put that in or should I? DolyaIskrina (talk) 21:49, 2 June 2023 (UTC)
As I originally stated, a single parenthetical is not really notable here. It should not imply that such a view is comparable to the scholarly consensus -- which is that astrology was only recognized as a pseudoscience in the 18th century -- which is clearly what you're trying to do. As far as I know, Pigliucci is only a scholar of Greek and Roman philosophers insofar as he's associated with modern Stoicism, anyway. He's not really a notable source for elucidating what Cicero thought about astrology, especially apparent since he puts the word pseudoscience in his mouth despite the fact that such a concept would be completely foreign to a first-century BCE academic skeptic. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 00:11, 3 June 2023 (UTC)
Can you please provide a link to whichever of the many many non-indexed and often-paywalled posts in "Pigliucci's substack blog" that you all are referring to or quoting? I checked the history and no such thing has been posted; you both seem to know exactly what is being discussed, but there's no way anyone else can follow. SamuelRiv (talk) 23:22, 14 August 2023 (UTC)
Mme Dolya is referencing this substack post (which is not an improvement on Thagard.) MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 07:49, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
The post is paywalled, but you say it's consistent with his published work. The topic in question seems to be Pigliucci talking about Cicero criticizing astrology. Any references to that, that normal people can access from say a university or public library? SamuelRiv (talk) 06:33, 18 August 2023 (UTC)
I don't know nor particularly care if it's consistent with his published work. I don't think it's an appropriate source and even if he did say that Ciceroc had a conception of pseudoscience in antiquity, I wouldn't buy it. MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE IS REAL EMO!(talk or whatever) 07:37, 18 August 2023 (UTC)
Here is Fernandez-Beanato making the case that Cicero is actually talking about pseudo science. "Cicero's demarcation of science: A report of shared criterian"
Here is Pigliucci building on this. Sorry this is paywalled. Maybe I can get you a pdf if you are interested.
Pseudoscience: An Ancient Problem DolyaIskrina (talk) 06:16, 2 January 2024 (UTC)
I agree with the arbcom decision that gives astrology as an example of pseudoscience, and wp's rules and guidelines that require us to clearly describe it as such early in the lead, without waffling or qualification.
The long and frankly exhausting arguments by a couple of people who nominally declare enthusiasm on the question of "who decided this when?" are not convincing, and don't meet the bar to break this policy. It would make the article worse.
To those who have been advocating for weakening the clear description as PS, maybe your thesis on "it wasn't PS until 18xx" can go briefly somewhere in the history section if you must, but keep it out of the lead. 66.41.165.13 (talk) 03:06, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
There are no rules or guidelines which require us to mark something without qualification -- especially since with an article like this, the development of astronomy out of astrology and the process by which astrology became a pseudoscience, are incredibly important to an encyclopedic view of the topic -- i.e., one that is general and not dedicated to debunking modern horoscopic astrology (which represents an incredibly tiny fraction of the scholarly literature related to the topic.)
Luckily there is consensus about the lede and there has been for more than a year (after another six months of discussion.) wound theology◈ 04:22, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
Its still wrong in my opinion because astrology never claimed to be a modern science nor do any other divinatory practices. 1.132.25.24 (talk) 13:59, 27 July 2024 (UTC)
Your opinion is irrelevant. Only what is published in ] counts on Misplaced Pages. --Hob Gadling (talk) 07:55, 22 October 2024 (UTC)
Thanks for the necropost, Hob. wound theology◈ 08:50, 22 October 2024 (UTC)

Did you know that ... Cicero himself was an augur, a member of the college of officials who oversaw augury (Wynne 2019 p. 183)?

It's a bit tricky to use someone like Massimo Pigliucci, who is not an expert on Cicero and published this in a non-academic magazine like Skeptical Inquirer. Damian Fernandez-Beanato is much better already, but still not by any means a specialist in Cicero, or even in ancient philosophy.

It would be wise to compare Pigliucci's and Fernandez-Beanato's work with what some of the most respected ancient philosophy experts have written about this topic, such as Malcolm Schofield and A. A. Long (see Schofield 1986 (access possible via WP:LIBRARY) and Long 2005 (already used in the article)). Another useful source may be Wynne 2019, who is a Cicero expert but not a really well-established scholar as far as I know. ☿ Apaugasma (talk ☉) 20:15, 18 January 2024 (UTC)

I'm late but here's my two cents: it's misleading to talk about "science" in the age of Cicero. While the ancients were doing what we'd call "proto-science", and while many Medieval thinkers were engaged in "natural philosophy" (what we call "science"), modern science as we understand it (a process involving empiricism, heavy reliance on mathematics, and results that can be tested and replicated) did not really emerge until the 16th Century at the earliest. So, the age of Galileo.
As to when astrology was widely recognized as "pseudoscience" -it's hard to tell. While Galileo was definitely doing empirical science (again, as we understand it), he was also involved in astrology. Even Newton was publishing on astrology in the 17th Century and it does not seem like this was anything unusual for a scientist of that age. I want to say the 18th Century was a turning point, and if that's what reliable sources say, it's probably accurate. The arguments about Cicero, while interesting, seem fringe. Jonathan f1 (talk) 00:28, 18 June 2024 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 29 July 2024

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In 2nd paragraph of Ancient World section, 7th line, please change "first dynasty of Mesopotamia" to "first dynasty of Babylon". (See pertinent Misplaced Pages chronology entries, e.g. in Chronology of the Ancient Near East.) Dubsarmah (talk) 16:13, 29 July 2024 (UTC)

This edit was completed by another editor RudolfRed (talk) 20:42, 31 July 2024 (UTC)

Extended

aph of Ancient World section, 7th line, pleas 202.168.94.17 (talk) 07:47, 26 September 2024 (UTC)

Aph? Slatersteven (talk) 10:26, 26 September 2024 (UTC)

6 month before

Rohit 2409:40E5:1D:625E:8000:0:0:0 (talk) 05:02, 6 October 2024 (UTC)

What are you saying? Slatersteven (talk) 09:21, 6 October 2024 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 19 November 2024

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Hi, There is a permanent dead link in the article citation 110. I want to replace this link with a live link of an authentic article. Please allow me to edit the article citations by this link - https://www.astroculture.in/blog/discover-thechinese-zodiac/ AstroCulture (talk) 12:29, 19 November 2024 (UTC)

Hi @AstroCulture:. I've updated the link. Unfortunately, the url that you have provided would not have worked. Blogs are generally not considered to be reliable sources. --McSly (talk) 14:39, 19 November 2024 (UTC)
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