Linarite: Difference between revisions

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			{{Short description\|Copper lead sulfate hydroxide mineral}}
⚫	~~'''Linarite''' is an intense blue mineral. It is formed by the ] of ] and ] and other copper sulfides. It is a combined ] ] ] ] with formula PbCuSO<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>.~~ Linarite occurs as ] prismatic to tabular crystals and irregular masses. It is easily confused with ], but does not react with dilute ] as azurite does. It has a ] of 2.5 and a ] of 5.3 - 5.5.
			{{Infobox mineral
			\| name = Linarite
			\| boxwidth =
			\| boxbgcolor =
			\| image = Linarite-162465.jpg
			\| imagesize = 260px
			\| alt =
			\| caption =
			\| category = ]
			\| formula = PbCu
			\| IMAsymbol = Lna<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Warr\|first=L.N.\|date=2021\|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols\|journal=Mineralogical Magazine\|volume=85\|issue=3\|pages=291–320\|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43\|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W\|s2cid=235729616\|doi-access=free}}</ref>
			\| molweight =
			\| strunz = 7.BC.65
			\| dana =
			\| system = ]
			\| class = Prismatic (2/m) <br/><small>(same ])</small>
			\| symmetry = ''P2''<sub>1</sub>/m
			\| unit cell = a = 9.701(2), b = 5.65 <br/>c = 4.69 ; β = 102.65°; Z = 2
			\| color = Deep azure blue
			\| colour =
			\| habit = Crystals elongated and tabular; in crusts and aggregates
			\| twinning = Common on {100}, also on {001}
			\| cleavage = Perfect on {100}, imperfect on {001}
			\| fracture = Conchoidal
			\| tenacity =
			\| mohs = 2.5
			\| luster = Sub-adamantine, vitreous
			\| streak = Pale blue
			\| diaphaneity = Transparent, translucent
			\| gravity = 5.3 – 5.5
			\| density =
			\| polish =
			\| opticalprop = Biaxial (−)
			\| refractive = n<sub>α</sub> = 1.809 n<sub>β</sub> = 1.838 n<sub>γ</sub> = 1.859
			\| birefringence = δ = 0.050
			\| pleochroism = X = pale blue; Y = blue; Z = Prussian blue
			\| 2V = Measured: 80°
			\| dispersion =
			\| extinction =
			\| length fast/slow =
			\| fluorescence =
			\| absorption =
			\| melt =
			\| fusibility =
			\| diagnostic =
			\| solubility =
			\| impurities =
			\| alteration =
			\| references = <ref name=Mindat>{{mindat\|id=2403\|title=Linarite\|access-date=11 July 2022}}</ref><ref name=Webmin>{{Cite web\|last1=Barthelmy\|first1=David\|year=2014\|url=http://www.webmineral.com/data/Linarite.shtml\|access-date=27 June 2022\|title = Linarite Mineral Data\|website=Webmineral.com}}</ref><ref name=HBM>{{cite web \|last1=Anthony \|first1=John W. \|last2=Bideaux \|first2=Richard A. \|last3=Bladh \|first3=Kenneth W. \|last4=Nichols \|first4=Monte C. \|title=Linarite \|url=http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/linarite.pdf \|website=Handbook of Mineralogy \|publisher=Mineral Data Publishing \|access-date=11 July 2022 \|date=2005}}</ref>
			}}

			'''Linarite''' is a somewhat rare, crystalline mineral that is known among ]s for its unusually intense, pure blue color. It is formed by the ] of ] and ] and other copper sulfides. It is a combined ] ] ] ] with formula PbCuSO<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>.
	It was first identified in ] it is named after the Linares Plateau, ].
		⚫	Linarite occurs as ] prismatic to tabular crystals and irregular masses. It is easily confused with ], but does not react with dilute ] as azurite does. It has a ] of 2.5 and a ] of 5.3 – 5.5.

			Linarite was first identified in 1822. It is named after the Linares Plateau, ].<ref name=Mindat/> It occurs in association with ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].<ref name=HBM/>
	==External links==

⚫	*
			==Gallery==
	*
			<gallery widths="140px" heights="130px">
	*
			File:Linarite-130099.jpg\|A shallow pocket of crystals of an intense cobalt blue, from Darwin, Darwin District, Inyo County, California, US
			File:Linarite-37781.jpg\|Linarite with ], Blanchard Mine, Hansonburg District, ] US (Size: 1.1 × 0.8 × 0.4 cm)
			File:Linarite-Caledonite-53689.jpg\|Linarite with ], from Baker, ] US (Size 5.4 × 5.2 × 3.2 cm)
			File:Malachite-Linarite-Cerussite-173905.jpg\|Unusual cerussite with a coating ingrained into the surface of microcrystalline malachite and linarite that give it a rich blue-green color
			</gallery>

			==References==
			{{Reflist}}
		⚫	*

			{{Commons category}}

	]		]
	]		]
	]		]
	]		]
			]
			]

	{{mineral-stub}}		{{sulfate-mineral-stub}}

Latest revision as of 20:16, 17 January 2024

Copper lead sulfate hydroxide mineral

Linarite

General
Category	Sulfate minerals
Formula (repeating unit)	PbCu
IMA symbol	Lna
Strunz classification	7.BC.65
Crystal system	Monoclinic
Crystal class	Prismatic (2/m) (same H-M symbol)
Space group	P2₁/m
Unit cell	a = 9.701(2), b = 5.65 c = 4.69 ; β = 102.65°; Z = 2
Identification
Color	Deep azure blue
Crystal habit	Crystals elongated and tabular; in crusts and aggregates
Twinning	Common on {100}, also on {001}
Cleavage	Perfect on {100}, imperfect on {001}
Fracture	Conchoidal
Mohs scale hardness	2.5
Luster	Sub-adamantine, vitreous
Streak	Pale blue
Diaphaneity	Transparent, translucent
Specific gravity	5.3 – 5.5
Optical properties	Biaxial (−)
Refractive index	n_α = 1.809 n_β = 1.838 n_γ = 1.859
Birefringence	δ = 0.050
Pleochroism	X = pale blue; Y = blue; Z = Prussian blue
2V angle	Measured: 80°
References

Linarite is a somewhat rare, crystalline mineral that is known among mineral collectors for its unusually intense, pure blue color. It is formed by the oxidation of galena and chalcopyrite and other copper sulfides. It is a combined copper lead sulfate hydroxide with formula PbCuSO₄(OH)₂. Linarite occurs as monoclinic prismatic to tabular crystals and irregular masses. It is easily confused with azurite, but does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid as azurite does. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 and a specific gravity of 5.3 – 5.5.

Linarite was first identified in 1822. It is named after the Linares Plateau, Spain. It occurs in association with brochantite, anglesite, caledonite, leadhillite, cerussite, malachite and hemimorphite.

Gallery

A shallow pocket of crystals of an intense cobalt blue, from Darwin, Darwin District, Inyo County, California, US
Linarite with malachite, Blanchard Mine, Hansonburg District, Socorro County, New Mexico US (Size: 1.1 × 0.8 × 0.4 cm)
Linarite with caledonite, from Baker, El Dorado County, California US (Size 5.4 × 5.2 × 3.2 cm)
Unusual cerussite with a coating ingrained into the surface of microcrystalline malachite and linarite that give it a rich blue-green color

References

Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
^ "Linarite". Mindat.org. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
Barthelmy, David (2014). "Linarite Mineral Data". Webmineral.com. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
^ Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W.; Nichols, Monte C. (2005). "Linarite" (PDF). Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineral Data Publishing. Retrieved 11 July 2022.

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