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⚫ {{about|the Italian comune|the Italian river|Gerace (river)|the Sicilian Roman villa|Roman villa of Gerace}}
{{refimprove|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox Italian comune {{Infobox Italian comune
| name = Gerace | name = Gerace
| official_name = Città di Gerace | official_name = Città di Gerace
| native_name = | native_name = ]: {{lang|el-Latn|Geràkion/Gèrakas}}
| image_skyline = Gerace Panorama.jpg | image_skyline = Gerace Panorama.jpg
| imagesize = | imagesize =
Line 14: Line 16:
| pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|38|16|N|16|13|E|display=inline}}
| latd = 38 |latm = 16 |lats = |latNS = N
| longd = 16 |longm = 13 |longs = |longEW = E
| coordinates_type =
| coordinates_display =
| coordinates_footnotes = | coordinates_footnotes =
| region = ] | region = ]
| province = ] (RC) | metropolitan_city = ] (RC)
| frazioni = | frazioni =
| mayor_party = | mayor_party =
| mayor = Salvatore Galluzzo | mayor = Giuseppe Pezzimenti
| area_footnotes = | area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 28 | area_total_km2 = 35
| population_footnotes = <ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (])</ref> | population_footnotes = <ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (])</ref>
| population_total = 2842 | population_total = 2715
| population_as_of = March 2009 | population_as_of = 31 December 2012
| pop_density_footnotes = | pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym = | population_demonym = Geracesi
| elevation_footnotes = | elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = | elevation_m = 500
| twin1 = | twin1 =
| twin1_country = | twin1_country =
Line 39: Line 38:
| postal_code = 89040 | postal_code = 89040
| area_code = 0964 | area_code = 0964
| website = {{official|http://www.comune.gerace.rc.it/}} | website = {{official website|http://www.comune.gerace.rc.it/}}
| footnotes = | footnotes =
}} }}
'''Gerace''' ({{IPA|it|dʒeˈraːtʃe}}; {{Langx|el|γερακιον|translit=Gerakion|translit-std=ISO}}, also known as {{lang|el-Latn|Hierax}})<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gerace Pronunciation |url=https://www.howtopronounce.com/gerace |access-date=2022-03-24 |website=www.howtopronounce.com |language=en}}</ref> is a town and '']'' in the ], ], southern ].
⚫ {{about|the Italian comune|the Italian river|Gerace (river)}}
⚫ Gerace is located some {{convert|10|km|mi|0}} inland from ], yet the latter town and the sea can be seen from Gerace's perch atop a {{convert|500|m|ft|adj=on}} vertical rock. The town stands on a hill formed of conglomerates of sea fossils from 60 million years ago. It is one of ] ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").<ref>{{cite web|url=https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/calabria/|title=Calabria|access-date=1 August 2023|language=it}}</ref>

'''Gerace''' ({{Lang-el|Ierax, Gerakion}}) is a town and '']'' in the ], ], ].
⚫ Gerace is located some 10&nbsp;km inland from ], yet the latter town and the Sea can be seen from Gerace's perch atop a 500&nbsp;m vertical rock. The town stands on a hill formed of conglomerates of sea fossils from 60 millions years ago.


==History== ==History==
The name of the city derives from the ] ''Ierax'' (Ιέραξ) ("]"). According to a legend, the inhabitants of the coast, fleeing from a ] attack in 915 CE, were led by a sparrowhawk to the mountains commanding the area of Locri, and here they founded the city. Archeological findings have showed that the area was in fact inhabited since the ]; also traces of ] presence have been found. The name of the city derives from the ] ''hierax'' (ἱέραξ) ("]"). According to a legend, the inhabitants of the coast, fleeing from a ] attack in 915 CE, were led by a sparrowhawk to the mountains commanding the area of Locri, and here they founded the city. Archeological findings showed that the area was in fact inhabited since the ]; also traces of ] presence have been found.


Later, even during the highest splendour of Locri, the hill was inhabited and was later the site of a Roman military garrison. After the ] reconquest of Italy (6th century), the town became an administrative, military and religious capital under the name of '''Santa Ciriaca'''. Later, even during the highest splendour of Locri, the hill was inhabited and was later the site of a Roman military garrison. After the ] ] in the 6th century, the town became an administrative, military and religious capital under the name of '''Santa Ciriaca'''.
⚫ ]
⚫ In 986 the Saracens briefly conquered the city, but it returned to ] control until the ] conquest in 1059. Gerace was seat of a principality under the Normans, whose symbol was the Castle of the Hautville or ] of the ]. It subsequently followed the history of the ]. During the ] (late 13th century), Gerace was occupied by the Aragonese Admiral ] who turned it into his own feudal estate; later it became a "Royal City".


⚫ In 986 the Saracens briefly conquered the city, but it returned to ] control until the ] conquest in 1059. Gerace was seat of a principality under the Normans, whose symbol was the Castle of the Hautville or ]. It subsequently followed the history of the ]. During the ] (late 13th century), Gerace was occupied by the Aragonese Admiral ] who turned it into his own feudal estate; later it became a "Royal City".
⚫ In 1348 it became a county, a possession of the ]s, ] and, as a principality, of the ] (end of the 16th century). With the abolition of feudalism in 1806, Gerace became district capital.

⚫ In 1348 it became a county, a possession of the ]s, ] and, as a principality, of the ] (end of the 16th century). With the abolition of feudalism in 1806, Gerace became district capital.

In 1847, the population of the district of Gerace rebelled, but the insurrection was eventually repressed by royal troops, and the leaders (including ]) were sentenced and executed in Gerace.


A new modern town, Gerace Marina, was built on the coast in the 19th century to house new public buildings. The name was changed to Locri in 1934. A new modern town, Gerace Marina, was built on the coast in the 19th century to house new public buildings. The name was changed to Locri in 1934.
⚫ ]


==Main sights== ==Main sights==
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*Church of St. Francis (13th century), containing a precious Baroque altar. *Church of St. Francis (13th century), containing a precious Baroque altar.
*The ] Cathedral, the largest religious building in Calabria, including the prison of the Five Martyrs of Gerace (1045). It has a nave and two aisles, each divided by 13 columns coming from the ancient temples of ]. The ] is accessible also. It has also a museum, founded in 1996. *The ] Cathedral, the largest religious building in Calabria, including the prison of the Five Martyrs of Gerace (1045). It has a nave and two aisles, each divided by 13 columns coming from the ancient temples of ]. The ] is accessible also. It has also a museum, founded in 1996.
*the small ''San Giovannello'' ("Little St. John", 10th century). *The tiny Greek-Orthodox church of ''San Giovannello'' ("Little St. John"), built in the 10th century.
*''Santa Maria del Mastro'' (1083), of Greek rite until 1480. *''Santa Maria del Mastro'' (1083), of Greek rite until 1480.


==Image gallery==
<gallery> <gallery>
⚫ File:Gerace Cattedrale.jpg|Cathedral of Gerace
⚫ Image:Gerace_San Francesco Portal.jpg|<center>Portal of the church of St. Francis
Image:Gerace_interno_cattedrale_3.jpg|<center>Interior of the Cathedral File:Gerace_interno_cattedrale_3.jpg|Interior of the Cathedral
image:Gerace San Giovannello.jpg|<center>Church of San Giovannello File:Gerace San Giovannello.jpg|Church of San Giovannello
⚫ File:Gerace_San Francesco Portal.jpg|Portal of the church of St. Francis
Image:Gerace San Martino.jpg|<center>Church of San Martino
⚫ File:Gerace Castle.jpg|left|The ruins of the castle
Image:Hebrew Inscription in Gerace Italy.jpg|A Hebrew inscription partially preserved on a house, which could indicate the existence of a Jewish community in the past.
File:Gerace (Italy) - Ceramist.jpg|<center>A potter in Gerace, 1976
</gallery> </gallery>


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}



{{Province of Reggio Calabria}} {{Province of Reggio Calabria}}
{{Authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 20:09, 16 November 2024

This article is about the Italian comune. For the Italian river, see Gerace (river). For the Sicilian Roman villa, see Roman villa of Gerace.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Comune in Calabria, Italy
Gerace Griko: Geràkion/Gèrakas
Comune
Città di Gerace
Panorama of GeracePanorama of Gerace
Coat of arms of GeraceCoat of arms
Location of Gerace
Gerace is located in ItalyGeraceGeraceLocation of Gerace in ItalyShow map of ItalyGerace is located in CalabriaGeraceGeraceGerace (Calabria)Show map of Calabria
Coordinates: 38°16′N 16°13′E / 38.267°N 16.217°E / 38.267; 16.217
CountryItaly
RegionCalabria
Metropolitan cityReggio Calabria (RC)
Government
 • MayorGiuseppe Pezzimenti
Area
 • Total35 km (14 sq mi)
Elevation500 m (1,600 ft)
Population
 • Total2,715
 • Density78/km (200/sq mi)
DemonymGeracesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code89040
Dialing code0964
WebsiteOfficial website

Gerace (Italian pronunciation: [dʒeˈraːtʃe]; Greek: γερακιον, romanized: Gerakion, also known as Hierax) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria, Calabria, southern Italy. Gerace is located some 10 kilometres (6 mi) inland from Locri, yet the latter town and the sea can be seen from Gerace's perch atop a 500-metre (1,600 ft) vertical rock. The town stands on a hill formed of conglomerates of sea fossils from 60 million years ago. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

History

The name of the city derives from the Greek hierax (ἱέραξ) ("sparrowhawk"). According to a legend, the inhabitants of the coast, fleeing from a Saracen attack in 915 CE, were led by a sparrowhawk to the mountains commanding the area of Locri, and here they founded the city. Archeological findings showed that the area was in fact inhabited since the Neolithic Age; also traces of Sicel presence have been found.

Later, even during the highest splendour of Locri, the hill was inhabited and was later the site of a Roman military garrison. After the Byzantine reconquest of Italy in the 6th century, the town became an administrative, military and religious capital under the name of Santa Ciriaca.

In 986 the Saracens briefly conquered the city, but it returned to Byzantine control until the Norman conquest in 1059. Gerace was seat of a principality under the Normans, whose symbol was the Castle of the Hautville or Altavilla. It subsequently followed the history of the Kingdom of Naples. During the Sicilian Vespers (late 13th century), Gerace was occupied by the Aragonese Admiral Roger of Lauria who turned it into his own feudal estate; later it became a "Royal City".

In 1348 it became a county, a possession of the Caracciolos, Gonzalo de Córdoba and, as a principality, of the Grimaldi (end of the 16th century). With the abolition of feudalism in 1806, Gerace became district capital.

In 1847, the population of the district of Gerace rebelled, but the insurrection was eventually repressed by royal troops, and the leaders (including Rocco Verduci) were sentenced and executed in Gerace.

A new modern town, Gerace Marina, was built on the coast in the 19th century to house new public buildings. The name was changed to Locri in 1934.

Main sights

The main attractions of Gerace are the remains of the old Norman Castle (probably begun in the 10th century by the Byzantines) at the top of Gerace, and the perfectly preserved medieval town. It was once home to 128 churches; the most noteworthy amongst the remaining ones include:

  • Church of St. Francis (13th century), containing a precious Baroque altar.
  • The Norman Cathedral, the largest religious building in Calabria, including the prison of the Five Martyrs of Gerace (1045). It has a nave and two aisles, each divided by 13 columns coming from the ancient temples of Locri. The crypt is accessible also. It has also a museum, founded in 1996.
  • The tiny Greek-Orthodox church of San Giovannello ("Little St. John"), built in the 10th century.
  • Santa Maria del Mastro (1083), of Greek rite until 1480.
  • Cathedral of Gerace Cathedral of Gerace
  • Interior of the Cathedral Interior of the Cathedral
  • Church of San Giovannello Church of San Giovannello
  • Portal of the church of St. Francis Portal of the church of St. Francis
  • The ruins of the castle The ruins of the castle

References

  1. "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (Istat)
  3. "Gerace Pronunciation". www.howtopronounce.com. Retrieved 2022-03-24.
  4. "Calabria" (in Italian). Retrieved 1 August 2023.


Calabria · Comuni of the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria
Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria
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