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{{short description|Processor family by Intel}}
On May 7, 2006, Intel announced a new branding decision for the upcoming second generation Core processors. The new desktop processor, '''Conroe''', and the new mobile processor, '''Memrom''', will carry the name '''Core 2 Duo'''. The highest end Conroe processors will carry the name '''Core 2 Extreme'''.
{{about|the Core 2 Solo/Duo/Quad/Extreme line of Intel processors|the overall Intel Core brand, including Core 2 and later Core i|Intel Core|the microarchitecture being used in the Core 2 line|Intel Core (microarchitecture)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox CPU
| name = Core 2
| image = Intel Core2 Duo2009.svg
| caption = Intel Core 2 Duo logo from 2009 to 2012
| produced-start = {{Start date and age|July 26, 2006}}
| produced-end = {{End date and age|June 8, 2012}}<ref name="c2dc">{{cite web|url=http://qdms.intel.com/dm/i.aspx/985684EB-C0D5-4151-919D-12235462525B/PCN110665-00.pdf|title=Product Change Notification #110665-00|date=June 6, 2011|publisher=Intel Corp.|access-date=October 14, 2019}}</ref>
| slowest = 1.06 | slow-unit = GHz
| fastest = 3.5 | fast-unit = GHz
| fsb-slowest = 533 | fsb-slow-unit = MT/s
| fsb-fastest = 1.6 | fsb-fast-unit = GT/s
| manuf1 = Intel
| core1 = '''Desktop''': Allendale, Conroe, Kentsfield, Wolfdale, Yorkfield,
| core2 = '''Mobile''': Merom, Penryn, Penryn QC
| size-from = 65 nm
| size-to = 45 nm
| arch = ]
| microarch = ''']''':<br/>] (65 nm)<br/>] (45 nm)
| sock1 = Socket T (])
| sock2 = ] (μPGA 478MT)
| sock3 = ] (μPGA 478MN)
| sock4 = ] (μBGA 479)
| sock5 = ] (μBGA 965)
| numcores = 1, 2, or 4
| predecessor = ] (desktop)<br>] (mobile)
| successor = ] ]/]/]
| support status = Unsupported
|soldby=]|designfirm=Intel|l2cache=Up to 12 MB|l1cache=64 KB per core (32 KB data + 32 KB instructions)|transistors=291 million to 820 million|model1=Core 2 Solo|model2=Core 2 Duo|model3=Core 2 Quad|model4=Core 2 Extreme|instructions=], ], ], ], ], ]|variant1=]|pcode1=C2S|pcode2=C2D|pcode3=C2E|pcode4=C2Q|pcode5=C2QX|data-width=64 bits|address-width=36 bits|virtual-width=48 bits|pack1=Flip-chip land grid array (FC-LGA)|pack2=Micro pin grid array (mPGA)|pack3=Flip-chip ball grid array (FC-BGA)|application=Desktop<br/>Mobile}}
'''Intel Core 2''' is a processor family encompassing a range of ]'s mainstream ] ] single-, dual-, and quad-core ]s based on the ]. The single- and dual-core models are single-], whereas the quad-core models comprise two dies, each containing two cores, packaged in a ].<ref name="TG Daily">{{cite web |title=Intel Clovertowns step up, reduce power |url=http://www.tgdaily.com/content/view/33708/135/ |publisher=TG Daily |access-date=September 5, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911222341/http://www.tgdaily.com/content/view/33708/135/ |archive-date=September 11, 2007}}</ref> The Core 2 range is the last flagship range of Intel desktop processors to use a ] (FSB).


The introduction of Core 2 relegated the ] brand to the ], and reunified laptop and desktop CPU lines for marketing purposes under the same product name, which were formerly divided into the ], ], and ] brands.
==Merom==
{{main|Intel Core Microarchitecture}}
{{future product}}
Intel expects to launch the '''Merom''' core in summer of 2006 as the successor to '''Yonah'''. Merom will use the ], a microarchitecture that is different from that of Pentium M and ], but features some characteristics of both. While little is known about Merom, Intel has revealed that it is a dual core processor supporting '''Vanderpool''' ] and ], which is Intel's version of ].


The ''Core 2'' processor line was introduced on July 27, 2006,<ref>{{cite web|title=Intel Unveils World's Best Processor |url=http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20060727comp.htm?cid=rss-83642-c1-135841 |publisher=Intel |access-date=August 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403081121/http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20060727comp.htm?cid=rss-83642-c1-135841 |archive-date=April 3, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> comprising the ''Duo'' (]) and ''Extreme'' (dual- or quad-core CPUs for enthusiasts), and in 2007, the ''Quad'' (]) and ''Solo'' (]) sub-brands.<ref>{{cite news |title=Intel to unify product naming scheme |url=http://www.tgdaily.com/content/view/33234/122/ |publisher=TG Daily |access-date=August 6, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926232224/http://www.tgdaily.com/content/view/33234/122/ |archive-date=September 26, 2007}}</ref> Intel Core 2 processors with ] technology (designed for businesses) include the dual-core and quad-core branches.<ref>{{cite web |title=Intel Centrino 2 with vPro technology and Intel Core2 processor with vPro technology |url=http://download.intel.com/products/vpro/whitepaper/crossclient.pdf |publisher=Intel|access-date=August 7, 2008}}</ref>
According to Intel, Merom's design places emphasis on both high performance and low power consumption. On a performance per watt basis, Intel claims Merom will outperform Yonah by 20%, while maintaining the same battery-life as Yonah.


Although Woodcrest processors are also based on the Core 2 architecture, they are available under the ] brand. From December 2006, all Core 2 processors were manufactured from 300-millimeter plates at Fab 12 factory in Arizona and at Fab 24-2 in County Kildare, Ireland.
Intel has stated that '''Merom''' will be drop-in compatible with the current '''Yonah''' platform, requiring at most a BIOS update and having the same thermal envelope. {{ref|MeromCompatibility}}


==Virtual machine or virtualization abilities ==
Speculated model numbers for Merom {{ref|MeromSpeculation}}:
''Core 2'' and other ] processors can support ] if the ] (VM) software supports those processors, e.g. if the processor supports ].


Newer versions of VM software do not support processors older than Nehalem (Core 2 and older), as they lack support for VT-x with Extended Page Tables (EPT), also called ] (SLAT).
* Core Duo T7600 - 2.33 GHz (4 ] L2, 667 MHz FSB)
* Core Duo T7400 - 2.16 GHz (4 MiB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
* Core Duo T7200 - 2.00 GHz (4 MiB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
* Core Duo T5600 - 1.83 GHz (2 MiB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
* Core Duo T5500 - 1.66 GHz (2 MiB L2, 667 MHz FSB)


==Conroe== ==Models==
{{anchor|Duo, Quad, and Extreme|Processor cores}}
{{main|Intel Core Microarchitecture}}
{{For|a detailed discussion of CPU cores|Intel Core (microarchitecture)#Processor cores}}
{{future product}}
The ''Core 2''-branded CPUs include: ''Conroe''/''Allendale'' (dual-core for desktops), ''Merom'' (dual-core for laptops), ''Merom-L'' (single-core for laptops), ''Kentsfield'' (quad-core for desktops), and the updated variants named ''Wolfdale'' (dual-core for desktops), ''Penryn'' (dual-core for laptops), ''Penryn-QC'' (quad-core for laptops), and ''Yorkfield'' (quad-core for desktops).{{Efn|For the server and workstation ''Woodcrest'', "Clovertown", ''Tigerton'', "Wolfdale-DP", ''Harpertown'', and ''Dunnington'' CPUs, see the ] brand.<ref>{{cite web|title=Intel Unleashes New Server Processors That Deliver World-Class Performance And Power Efficiency |url=http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20060626comp.htm |publisher=Intel |access-date=June 26, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060701231201/http://intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20060626comp.htm |archive-date=July 1, 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
Conroe is the code name for the desktop version of Merom, and the processor that will replace the Pentium 4 and Pentium D based systems. Conroe will be built on a 65&nbsp;nm process and is expected to use significantly less power than previous Intel desktop processors &mdash; 65&nbsp;watts or less.


The Core 2-branded processors feature ] without ] (EPT) (with some exceptions), the ] and ]. The ] introduced ], ], Enhanced ] and ] (iAMT2). The ], a shrink of the former, introduced ]. With a maximum ] (TDP) of 65&nbsp;W, the Core 2 Duo ] dissipates half the power of the less capable contemporary ]-branded desktop chips<ref>{{cite web |title=The 65&nbsp;nm Pentium D 900's Coming Out Party: Test Setup |url=http://www.tomshardware.com/2006/01/05/the_65_nm_pentium_d_900s_coming_out_party/page6.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120703150521/http://www.tomshardware.com/2006/01/05/the_65_nm_pentium_d_900s_coming_out_party/page6.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 3, 2012 |publisher=Tom's Hardware |access-date=June 15, 2007 }}</ref> that have a max TDP of 130&nbsp;W.<ref>{{cite web |title=The 65&nbsp;nm Pentium D 900's Coming Out Party: Thermal Design Power Overview |url=http://www.tomshardware.com/2006/01/05/the_65_nm_pentium_d_900s_coming_out_party/page5.html |publisher=Tom's Hardware |access-date=June 15, 2007 |archive-date=July 2, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120702232159/http://www.tomshardware.com/2006/01/05/the_65_nm_pentium_d_900s_coming_out_party/page5.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Speculated model numbers for Conroe {{ref|ConroeSpeculation}}:
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; text-align: right"


|+Intel Core 2 processor family
* Core Duo E8?00 - 3.33&nbsp;GHz (4&nbsp;] L2, 1333&nbsp;MHz FSB, Extreme Edition)
|-
* Core Duo E6800 - 2.93&nbsp;GHz (4&nbsp;MiB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
! rowspan="2" |Original<br />logo
* Core Duo E6700 - 2.67&nbsp;GHz (4&nbsp;MiB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
! rowspan="2" |2009<br />logo
* Core Duo E6600 - 2.40&nbsp;GHz (4&nbsp;MiB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
! colspan="3" |]
* Core Duo E6400 - 2.13&nbsp;GHz (2&nbsp;MiB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
! colspan="3" |]
* Core Duo E6300 - 1.86&nbsp;GHz (2&nbsp;MiB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
|-
* Core Duo E4200 - 1.66&nbsp;GHz (2&nbsp;MiB L2, 800&nbsp;MHz FSB)
!Code-name
!Cores
!Release date
!Code-name
!Cores
!Release date
|- style="background:white"
|]
| style="text-align:center;" |]
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |<small>Desktop version not available</small>
|]<br />]
|Single (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Single (45&nbsp;nm)
|September 2007<br />May 2008
|- style="background:white"
|]
|]
|]<br />]<br />]
|Dual (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Dual (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Dual (45&nbsp;nm)
|July 2006<br />January 2007<br />January 2008
|]<br />]
|Dual (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Dual (45&nbsp;nm)
|August 2006<br />January 2008
|- style="background:white"
|]
|]
|]<br />]
|Quad (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Quad (45&nbsp;nm)
|January 2007<br />March 2008
|]
|Quad (45&nbsp;nm)
|August 2008
|- style="background:white"
|]
|]
||]<br />]<br />]
|Dual (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Quad (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Quad (45&nbsp;nm)
|July 2006<br />November 2006<br />November 2007
|]<br />]<br />]
|Dual (65&nbsp;nm)<br />Dual (45&nbsp;nm)<br />Quad (45&nbsp;nm)
|July 2007<br />January 2008<br />August 2008
|-
! colspan="2" |]
! colspan="3" |]
! colspan="3" |]
|}
] "Wolfdale-3M"]]

==Known marks==
With the release of the Core 2 processor, the abbreviation ''C2'' has come into common use, with its variants ''C2S'' (the present Core 2 Solo) ''C2D'' (the present Core 2 Duo), and ''C2Q'', ''C2E'' to refer to the Core 2 Quad and Core 2 Extreme processors respectively. ''C2QX'' stands for the Extreme-Editions of the Quad (such as QX6700, QX6800, QX6850).

==Successors==

The successors to the Core 2 brand are a set of ]-based processors called ], ], and ]. The Core i7 was officially launched on November 17, 2008, as a family of three quad-core processor high-end desktop models; further models started appearing throughout 2009. The last processor of the family to be released was the ] in January 2010. The Core 2 processor line was removed from the official price lists in July 2011,<ref>{{cite web|title=Intel Processor Pricing, Effective July&nbsp;10,&nbsp;2011|url=http://www.intc.com/common/download/download.cfm?companyid=INTC&fileid=481200&filekey=85BC9BF7-1931-4032-8ADE-68D9A255973E&filename=July_10_11_1ku_Price.pdf|publisher=Intel Corp|access-date=July 17, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926131841/http://www.intc.com/common/download/download.cfm?companyid=INTC|archive-date=September 26, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Intel Processor Pricing, Effective July&nbsp;17,&nbsp;2011|url=http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/INTC/843929813x0x482714/D04F4947-6821-4B2B-A478-7A592F5CD716/July_17_11_1ku_Price.pdf|publisher=Intel Corp |access-date=July 17, 2011}}</ref> and the last processors were discontinued in June 2012.<ref name="c2dc" />

==See also==
* ]
* ]
* ]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
1st public demonstration:
*
*
*
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060714194952/http://www.intel.com/products/processor/core2/ |date=July 14, 2006 |title=Intel's Core 2 page}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef
| before = ] (desktop)
}}
{{s-bef
| before = ] (mobile)
}}
{{s-ttl
| rows = 3
| title = Intel Core 2
| years = 2006–2011
}}
{{s-aft
| rows = 3
| after = Core i
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Intel processors|core}}

]
]
]

Latest revision as of 00:10, 21 June 2024

Processor family by Intel This article is about the Core 2 Solo/Duo/Quad/Extreme line of Intel processors. For the overall Intel Core brand, including Core 2 and later Core i, see Intel Core. For the microarchitecture being used in the Core 2 line, see Intel Core (microarchitecture).

Core 2
Intel Core 2 Duo logo from 2009 to 2012
General information
LaunchedJuly 26, 2006; 18 years ago (July 26, 2006)
DiscontinuedJune 8, 2012; 12 years ago (June 8, 2012)
Marketed byIntel
Designed byIntel
Common manufacturer
  • Intel
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate1.06 GHz to 3.5 GHz
FSB speeds533 MT/s to 1.6 GT/s
Data width64 bits
Address width36 bits
Virtual address width48 bits
Cache
L1 cache64 KB per core (32 KB data + 32 KB instructions)
L2 cacheUp to 12 MB
Architecture and classification
ApplicationDesktop
Mobile
Technology node65 nm to 45 nm
MicroarchitectureCore:
Merom (65 nm)
Penryn (45 nm)
Instruction setx86-64
InstructionsMMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1
Physical specifications
Transistors
  • 291 million to 820 million
Cores
  • 1, 2, or 4
Packages
  • Flip-chip land grid array (FC-LGA)
  • Micro pin grid array (mPGA)
  • Flip-chip ball grid array (FC-BGA)
Sockets
Products, models, variants
Core names
  • Desktop: Allendale, Conroe, Kentsfield, Wolfdale, Yorkfield,
  • Mobile: Merom, Penryn, Penryn QC
Product code names
  • C2S
  • C2D
  • C2E
  • C2Q
  • C2QX
Models
  • Core 2 Solo
  • Core 2 Duo
  • Core 2 Quad
  • Core 2 Extreme
Variant
History
PredecessorsPentium D (desktop)
Intel Core Solo/Duo (mobile)
SuccessorCore i3/i5/i7
Support status
Unsupported

Intel Core 2 is a processor family encompassing a range of Intel's mainstream 64-bit x86-64 single-, dual-, and quad-core microprocessors based on the Core microarchitecture. The single- and dual-core models are single-die, whereas the quad-core models comprise two dies, each containing two cores, packaged in a multi-chip module. The Core 2 range is the last flagship range of Intel desktop processors to use a front-side bus (FSB).

The introduction of Core 2 relegated the Pentium brand to the mid-range market, and reunified laptop and desktop CPU lines for marketing purposes under the same product name, which were formerly divided into the Pentium 4, Pentium D, and Core Solo/Duo brands.

The Core 2 processor line was introduced on July 27, 2006, comprising the Duo (dual-core) and Extreme (dual- or quad-core CPUs for enthusiasts), and in 2007, the Quad (quad-core) and Solo (single-core) sub-brands. Intel Core 2 processors with vPro technology (designed for businesses) include the dual-core and quad-core branches.

Although Woodcrest processors are also based on the Core 2 architecture, they are available under the Xeon brand. From December 2006, all Core 2 processors were manufactured from 300-millimeter plates at Fab 12 factory in Arizona and at Fab 24-2 in County Kildare, Ireland.

Virtual machine or virtualization abilities

Core 2 and other LGA 775 processors can support virtualization if the virtual machine (VM) software supports those processors, e.g. if the processor supports VT-x.

Newer versions of VM software do not support processors older than Nehalem (Core 2 and older), as they lack support for VT-x with Extended Page Tables (EPT), also called Second Level Address Translation (SLAT).

Models

For a detailed discussion of CPU cores, see Intel Core (microarchitecture) § Processor cores.

The Core 2-branded CPUs include: Conroe/Allendale (dual-core for desktops), Merom (dual-core for laptops), Merom-L (single-core for laptops), Kentsfield (quad-core for desktops), and the updated variants named Wolfdale (dual-core for desktops), Penryn (dual-core for laptops), Penryn-QC (quad-core for laptops), and Yorkfield (quad-core for desktops).

The Core 2-branded processors feature Virtualization Technology without extended page tables (EPT) (with some exceptions), the NX bit and SSE3. The Merom microarchitecture introduced SSSE3, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep and Active Management Technology 2.0 (iAMT2). The Penryn microarchitecture, a shrink of the former, introduced SSE4.1. With a maximum thermal design power (TDP) of 65 W, the Core 2 Duo Conroe dissipates half the power of the less capable contemporary Pentium D-branded desktop chips that have a max TDP of 130 W.

Intel Core 2 processor family
Original
logo
2009
logo
Desktop Mobile
Code-name Cores Release date Code-name Cores Release date
Core 2 Solo brand logo Core 2 Solo logo as of 2009 Desktop version not available Merom-L
Penryn-L
Single (65 nm)
Single (45 nm)
September 2007
May 2008
Core 2 Duo logo Core 2 Duo logo as of 2009 Conroe
Allendale
Wolfdale
Dual (65 nm)
Dual (65 nm)
Dual (45 nm)
July 2006
January 2007
January 2008
Merom
Penryn
Dual (65 nm)
Dual (45 nm)
August 2006
January 2008
Core 2 Quad logo Core 2 Quad logo as of 2009 Kentsfield
Yorkfield
Quad (65 nm)
Quad (45 nm)
January 2007
March 2008
Penryn-QC Quad (45 nm) August 2008
Core 2 Extreme logo Core 2 Extreme logo as of 2009 Conroe XE
Kentsfield XE
Yorkfield XE
Dual (65 nm)
Quad (65 nm)
Quad (45 nm)
July 2006
November 2006
November 2007
Merom XE
Penryn XE
Penryn-QC XE
Dual (65 nm)
Dual (45 nm)
Quad (45 nm)
July 2007
January 2008
August 2008
Full list List of desktop processors List of mobile processors
An Intel Core 2 Duo E7500 "Wolfdale-3M"

Known marks

With the release of the Core 2 processor, the abbreviation C2 has come into common use, with its variants C2S (the present Core 2 Solo) C2D (the present Core 2 Duo), and C2Q, C2E to refer to the Core 2 Quad and Core 2 Extreme processors respectively. C2QX stands for the Extreme-Editions of the Quad (such as QX6700, QX6800, QX6850).

Successors

The successors to the Core 2 brand are a set of Nehalem-based processors called Core i3, i5, and i7. The Core i7 was officially launched on November 17, 2008, as a family of three quad-core processor high-end desktop models; further models started appearing throughout 2009. The last processor of the family to be released was the Core 2 Quad Q9500 in January 2010. The Core 2 processor line was removed from the official price lists in July 2011, and the last processors were discontinued in June 2012.

See also

Notes

  1. For the server and workstation Woodcrest, "Clovertown", Tigerton, "Wolfdale-DP", Harpertown, and Dunnington CPUs, see the Xeon brand.

References

  1. ^ "Product Change Notification #110665-00" (PDF). Intel Corp. June 6, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
  2. "Intel Clovertowns step up, reduce power". TG Daily. Archived from the original on September 11, 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007.
  3. "Intel Unveils World's Best Processor". Intel. Archived from the original on April 3, 2007. Retrieved August 14, 2007.
  4. "Intel to unify product naming scheme". TG Daily. Archived from the original on September 26, 2007. Retrieved August 6, 2007.
  5. "Intel Centrino 2 with vPro technology and Intel Core2 processor with vPro technology" (PDF). Intel. Retrieved August 7, 2008.
  6. "Intel Unleashes New Server Processors That Deliver World-Class Performance And Power Efficiency". Intel. Archived from the original on July 1, 2006. Retrieved June 26, 2006.
  7. "The 65 nm Pentium D 900's Coming Out Party: Test Setup". Tom's Hardware. Archived from the original on July 3, 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
  8. "The 65 nm Pentium D 900's Coming Out Party: Thermal Design Power Overview". Tom's Hardware. Archived from the original on July 2, 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
  9. "Intel Processor Pricing, Effective July 10, 2011". Intel Corp. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 26, 2008. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  10. "Intel Processor Pricing, Effective July 17, 2011" (PDF). Intel Corp. Retrieved July 17, 2011.

External links

1st public demonstration: Anandtech discovers Core 2 Duo performance under the supervision of Francois Piednoel

Preceded byPentium D (desktop)
Preceded byCore Solo/Duo (mobile) Intel Core 2
2006–2011
Succeeded byCore i
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