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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants in Rosaceae family}}
⚫ {{taxobox
|image = Agrimonia-eupatoria.JPG {{for|the Swedish band|Agrimonia (band)}}
{{Distinguish|Argemone}}
⚫ {{Automatic taxobox
|image = Agrimonia eupatoria - Keila.jpg
|image_caption = ''Agrimonia eupatoria'' |image_caption = ''Agrimonia eupatoria''
|display_parents = 3
|regnum = ]ae
⚫ |taxon = Agrimonia
|unranked_divisio = ]
⚫ |authority = ] ex ]
|unranked_classis = ]
|unranked_ordo = ]
|ordo = ]
|familia = ]
|subfamilia = ]
|tribus = ]
⚫ |subtribus = ]
⚫ |genus = '''''Agrimonia'''''
⚫ |genus_authority = ] ex ]
|subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = About 15 species; see text |subdivision = About 15 species; see text
|}} }}


'''''Agrimonia''''', commonly known as '''Agrimony''', is a genus of 12–15 species of ] ] ]s in the family ], native to the temperate regions of the ], with one species also in ]. The species grow to between 0.5–2 m tall, with interrupted pinnate ], and tiny yellow ]s borne on a single (usually unbranched) ]. '''''Agrimonia''''' (from the Greek {{lang|grc|ἀργεμώνη}}),<ref name=EB1911>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Agrimony|volume=1|page=424}}</ref> commonly known as '''agrimony''', is a genus of 12–15 species of ] ] ]s in the family ],<ref name=EB1911/> native to the temperate regions of the ], with one species also in ]. The species grow to between {{convert|0.5–2|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall, with interrupted ] ], and tiny yellow ]s borne on a single (usually unbranched) ].


''Agrimonia'' species are used as food plants by the ]e of some ] species including ] (recorded on ''A. eupatoria'') and ]. ''Agrimonia'' species are used as food plants by the ]e of some ] species including ] (recorded on ''A. eupatoria'') and ].


==Species== ==Species==
*'']'' – Common Agrimony (Europe, Asia, Africa) *'']'' – Common agrimony (Europe, Asia, Africa)
*'']'' – Tall Hairy Agrimony (North America) *'']'' – Common agrimony, tall hairy agrimony (North America)
*'']'' – Incised Agrimony (North America) *'']'' – Incised agrimony (North America)
*'']'' – Korean Agrimony (eastern Asia) *'']'' – Korean agrimony (eastern Asia)
*'']'' – Smallfruit Agrimony (North America) *'']'' – Smallfruit agrimony (North America)
*'']'' – Japanese Agrimony (eastern Asia) *'']'' – Japanese agrimony (eastern Asia)
*'']'' – Harvestlice Agrimony (North America) *'']'' – Harvestlice agrimony (North America)
*'']'' – Hairy Agrimony (eastern Europe, Asia) *'']'' – Hairy agrimony (eastern Europe, Asia)
*'']'' – Fragrant Agrimony (Europe) *'']'' – Fragrant agrimony (Europe)
*'']'' – Soft or Downy Agrimony (North America) *'']'' – Soft or downy agrimony (North America)
*'']'' – Short Agrimony (southwest Asia) *'']'' – Short agrimony (southwest Asia)
*'']'' – Beaked Agrimony (North America) *'']'' – Beaked agrimony (North America)
*'']'' – Roadside Agrimony (North America) *'']'' – Roadside agrimony (North America)


==Uses==
==Traditional medicine==
In ancient times, it was used for foot baths and tired feet.<ref name="C. F. Leyel">{{cite book|title=Compassionate Herbs|publisher=Faber and Faber Limited|url=https://archive.org/stream/compassionateher033486mbp#page/n7/mode/2up|author=C. F. Leyel|year=1946 }}</ref> Agrimony has a long history of medicinal use. The English poet ] once hailed it as an "all-heal" and through the ages it was considered a ].{{citation needed|date=November 2012}} The ancient Greeks used agrimony to treat eye ailments, and it was made into brews for diarrhea and disorders of the gallbladder, liver, and kidneys.<ref>Galen (Κλαύδιος Γαληνός), ''De methodo medendi'' 13.920K DOI: 10.4159/DLCL.galen-method_medicine.2011</ref> The Anglo-Saxons boiled agrimony in milk and used it to improve erectile performance.<ref>Lacey, R. and Danziger, D. (1999) ''In The Year 1000'' London: Little, Brown & Co, p. 126</ref>
{{unreferenced-section|date=September 2012}}
They also made a solution from the leaves and seeds for healing wounds; this use continued through the ] and afterward, in a preparation called ''eau d'arquebusade'', or "musket-shot water".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Grieve |first1=Margaret |title=A Modern Herbal |date=1931 |publisher=Hafner Pub |pages=Agrimony |edition=Hypertext version |url=https://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/agrim015.html |access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref> It has been added to tea as a spring tonic.<ref name="C. F. Leyel"/> According to the ] (Phytotherapy)-Monograph "''Agrimony''", published 1990, the internal application area is "mild, nonspecific, acute diarrhea" and "inflammation of oral and pharyngeal mucosa" and the external application "mild, superficial inflammation of the skin".<ref name="Commission E">German Federal Commission E Monographs (Phytotherapy): . Bundesanzeiger. March 13, 1990.'' – ''www.heilpflanzen-welt.de''.</ref>
''Agrimony''{{specify|which species? some? all?|date=November 2012}} has a long history of medicinal use. The English poet ] once hailed it as an "all-heal" and through the ages it was considered a ].{{cn|date=November 2012}} The ancient Greeks used ''Agrimony'' to treat eye ailments, and it was made into brews for diarrhea and disorders of the gallbladder, liver, and kidneys.{{cn|date=November 2012}} Anglo-Saxons made a solution from the leaves and seeds for healing wounds; this use continued through the ] and afterward, in a preparation called ''eau d'arquebusade'', or "musket-shot water". Later, agrimony was prescribed for ].{{cn|date=September 2012}}


==Folklore== ==Folklore==
Traditional British folklore states that if a sprig of '']'' was placed under a person's head, they would sleep until it was removed.<ref>''Encyclopedia of Folk Medicine: Old World and New World Traditions'' by Gabrielle Hatfield, p.310</ref>
Although the plant has no idiopathic properties, tradition holds that when placed under a person's head, Agrimony will induce a deep sleep that will last until removed.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}


==See also== ==See also==
* ] (Bastard-agrimony, of the related genus '']'') * '']'' (Bastard-agrimony, of the related genus '']'')
* ] (Hemp-agrimony) * '']'' (Hemp-agrimony)


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist}}

*Eriksson, Torsten; Malin S. Hibbs, Anne D. Yoder, Charles F. Delwiche, Michael J. Donoghue (2003). The Phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rosaceae) Based on Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and the TRNL/F Region of Chloroplast DNA. ''International Journal of Plant Science'' 164(2):197–211. 2003. *{{cite journal |last1=Eriksson |first1=Torsten |first2=Malin S. |last2=Hibbs |first3=Anne D. |last3=Yoder |first4=Charles F. |last4=Delwiche |first5=Michael J. |last5=Donoghue |title=The Phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rosaceae) Based on Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and the TRNL/F Region of Chloroplast DNA |journal=International Journal of Plant Sciences |volume=164 |issue=2 |pages=197–211 |year=2003 |doi=10.1086/346163 |s2cid=22378156 }}


==External links== ==External links==
⚫ {{Commons-inline}}
* {{eol|29999}}

⚫ {{Commons|Agrimonia}}
{{wikibooks|Horticulture|Agrimonia}} {{Wikibooks-inline|Horticulture|Agrimonia}}
*{{cite web |title=''Agrimonia'' L. |work=Atlas of Living Australia |url=https://bie.ala.org.au/species/http://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2891678}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Agrimony}}

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Latest revision as of 14:08, 31 August 2024

Genus of flowering plants in Rosaceae family For the Swedish band, see Agrimonia (band). Not to be confused with Argemone.

Agrimonia
Agrimonia eupatoria
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Subfamily: Rosoideae
Tribe: Sanguisorbeae
Subtribe: Agrimoniinae
Genus: Agrimonia
Tourn. ex L.
Species

About 15 species; see text

Agrimonia (from the Greek ἀργεμώνη), commonly known as agrimony, is a genus of 12–15 species of perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the family Rosaceae, native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with one species also in Africa. The species grow to between 0.5–2 m (1.6–6.6 ft) tall, with interrupted pinnate leaves, and tiny yellow flowers borne on a single (usually unbranched) spike.

Agrimonia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including grizzled skipper (recorded on A. eupatoria) and large grizzled skipper.

Species

Uses

In ancient times, it was used for foot baths and tired feet. Agrimony has a long history of medicinal use. The English poet Michael Drayton once hailed it as an "all-heal" and through the ages it was considered a panacea. The ancient Greeks used agrimony to treat eye ailments, and it was made into brews for diarrhea and disorders of the gallbladder, liver, and kidneys. The Anglo-Saxons boiled agrimony in milk and used it to improve erectile performance. They also made a solution from the leaves and seeds for healing wounds; this use continued through the Middle Ages and afterward, in a preparation called eau d'arquebusade, or "musket-shot water". It has been added to tea as a spring tonic. According to the German Federal Commission E (Phytotherapy)-Monograph "Agrimony", published 1990, the internal application area is "mild, nonspecific, acute diarrhea" and "inflammation of oral and pharyngeal mucosa" and the external application "mild, superficial inflammation of the skin".

Folklore

Traditional British folklore states that if a sprig of Agrimonia eupatoria was placed under a person's head, they would sleep until it was removed.

See also

References

  1. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Agrimony" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 424.
  2. ^ C. F. Leyel (1946). Compassionate Herbs. Faber and Faber Limited.
  3. Galen (Κλαύδιος Γαληνός), De methodo medendi 13.920K DOI: 10.4159/DLCL.galen-method_medicine.2011
  4. Lacey, R. and Danziger, D. (1999) In The Year 1000 London: Little, Brown & Co, p. 126
  5. Grieve, Margaret (1931). A Modern Herbal (Hypertext version ed.). Hafner Pub. pp. Agrimony. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  6. German Federal Commission E Monographs (Phytotherapy): Monograph Agrimony (Agrimoniae herba). Bundesanzeiger. March 13, 1990. – www.heilpflanzen-welt.de.
  7. Encyclopedia of Folk Medicine: Old World and New World Traditions by Gabrielle Hatfield, p.310
  • Eriksson, Torsten; Hibbs, Malin S.; Yoder, Anne D.; Delwiche, Charles F.; Donoghue, Michael J. (2003). "The Phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rosaceae) Based on Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and the TRNL/F Region of Chloroplast DNA". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 164 (2): 197–211. doi:10.1086/346163. S2CID 22378156.

External links

Media related to Agrimonia at Wikimedia Commons

Agrimonia at Wikibooks

Taxon identifiers
Agrimonia
Categories: