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{{Short description|Hungarian bishop}}
{{eastern name order|Scheffler János}} {{eastern name order|Scheffler János}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
]
| type = bishop
'''János Scheffler''' ({{lang-de|Johann Scheffler}}; October 29, 1887 – December 6, 1952) was a ]-born Catholic priest in ] and ], bishop of the ] and later the bishop of the ]. He was ] by
| honorific-prefix = ] Bishop
] in 2011.
| name = János Scheffler
| honorific-suffix =
| title = ]
| image = Scheffler janos MK.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Photograph.
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| church = ]
| archdiocese =
| province =
| metropolis =
| diocese = Oradea Mare
| see = Oradea Mare
| elected =
| appointed = 9 April 1948
| term =
| term_start =
| enthroned =
| term_end = 6 December 1952
| quashed =
| predecessor = Pál Napholcz
| successor = ]
| opposed =
| other_post =
<!---------- Orders ---------->
| ordination = 6 July 1910
| ordained_by =
| consecration = 17 May 1942
| consecrated_by = ]
| cardinal =
| created_cardinal_by =
| rank = Bishop
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| birth_name = János Scheffler
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1887|10|29|df=y}}
| birth_place = ], ], ]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1952|12|6|1887|10|29|df=y}}
| death_place = ], ], ]
| buried =
| resting_place_coordinates =
| nationality =
| religion =
| residence =
| parents =
| spouse =
| children =
| occupation =
| profession =
| previous_post = {{unbulleted list|] (1942-1948)|] (1941-1945)}}
| education =
| alma_mater =
| motto =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| coat_of_arms =
| coat_of_arms_alt =
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day = ]
| venerated = ]
| saint_title =
| beatified_date = 3 July 2011
| beatified_place = ], Romania
| beatified_by = Cardinal ]
| canonized_date =
| canonized_place =
| canonized_by =
| attributes = {{unbulleted list|Episcopal attire|]}}
| patronage = {{unbulleted list|]|]|Diocese of Satu Mare|Diocese of Oradea Mare}}
| shrine = Satu Mare Cathedral
| suppressed_date = }}

'''János Scheffler''' ({{langx|de|Johann Scheffler}}; 29 October 1887 – 6 December 1952) was a ]-born ] prelate who served as the bishop of two dioceses before acting as the ].<ref name=SQPN>{{cite web|url=http://catholicsaints.info/blessed-janos-scheffler/|title=Blessed János Scheffler|publisher=Saints SQPN|date=24 September 2015|access-date=19 January 2017}}</ref> He was imprisoned due to opposing the ] government policies and was killed while imprisoned. He had been noted during his episcopate for his attentiveness to vocations and for the defense of the faith from those forces that sought to disrupt it such as communism.<ref name=MZ>{{cite web|url=http://www.mindszentyalapitvany.hu/products/blessed-janos-scheffler/|title=Blessed János Scheffler|date=|publisher=Mindszenty|accessdate=19 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202072217/http://www.mindszentyalapitvany.hu/products/blessed-janos-scheffler/|archive-date=2 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=SEB>{{cite web|url=http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/95499|title=Blessed Janos Scheffler|publisher=Santi e Beati|date=|access-date=19 January 2017}}</ref>

His beatification took place in 2011.


==Life== ==Life==
János Scheffler was born on 29 October 1887 in Kálmánd, ] (now ], Romania) as the second of ten children. He became a Romanian citizen after the ] granted the region to the ] in 1920. His brother was Franz Scheffler (3 October 1894 - 29 October 1956).<ref name=SQPN/><ref name=MZ/>
He was born in 1887 in ] (Cămin), ], ], but became a citizen of ] after the ] in 1920. He was born into a Hungarian Roman Catholic farmer family of German descent.<ref>{{hu icon}} Csaba Csirák, , ''Keresztény Szó'', accessed 17 January 2013</ref>


In 1906 he studied theology at ] in ], and was ordained a priest in 1910, assigned to Csomaköz (]). That October, he was sent to ] to study canon law, and he became a doctor of law in 1912. In July 1914, as ] was beginning, he became theology professor and dean of students at the theological seminary in Szatmárnémeti (]). In 1915 he received his scientific degree (doctor in theology). In 1922, with the Satu Mare and ] dioceses being merged, he set up a single seminary, becoming its first dean as well as professor of canon law and church history. In 1923, he became parish priest at ]. Two years later, he started teaching candidates for the priesthood and attended the ] in ].<ref name="bledea">{{ro icon}} Mihai Bledea, , ''Adevărul'', 4 July 2011; accessed May 14, 2012</ref> In 1942 he was elected to be the bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of ]. In November 1945, ] chose him to be the bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of ]. After the Second World War, he began to express opposition to government policies, objecting to the ] to the ]. He appealed for the release of ], the ] ] arrested by the new ]. By 1950, all Catholic bishops in Romania had been arrested, Scheffler being among the last. He refused an offer to become a bishop in a ] subjected to the regime. He was imprisoned in 1952. He died at ] prison, tortured by having boiling water poured onto him. News of his death reached Satu Mare in 1953, and his remains were buried in the crypt of the Roman Catholic Cathedral of Satu Mare in 1965.<ref name="bledea"/> In 1897 he began to feel called to become a priest though did not begin an active pursuit of this dream until 1906 since he began his high school studies in 1898 with the ].<ref name=SEB/> In 1906 he began his theological studies at the ] in ] where he achieved excellent grades. Scheffler was later ] to the ] in 1910. He was first assigned to Ciumești while that October saw him sent to ] to the ] to learn ] where he soon became a ] on 19 June 1912 upon his graduation.<ref name=SQPN/> When he studied in Rome he lived in the priest college ].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lenzenweger|first=Joseph|title=Sancta Maria de Anima|publisher=Herder|year=1959|pages=167}}</ref> In July 1914 - as ] was beginning - he became a professor of theological studies and the dean of students at Szatmárnémeti (today ], Romania). In November 1915 he received his scientific degree. In 1922 with the Satu Mare and ] dioceses being merged he set up a single college becoming its first dean as well as professor of canon law and historical studies. In 1923 he became a parish priest at ]. In 1925 he started teaching ] for the priesthood and attended the ] in ] from 20–24 June 1926.<ref name=MZ/><ref name=SEB/> In 1939 he became a ].


In 1942, Scheffler was elected to be the Bishop of Szatmárnémeti, while in November 1945 he was transferred as the Bishop of ] though he was not installed, because he preferred to remain in his previous diocese. He was transferred for the last time in 1948 to another diocese. Vocations became his principal concern and so he founded the "Opus Vocationum Ecclesiasticum" for the care and cultivation of vocations while also establishing several minor seminaries.<ref name=MZ/> After ] he began to express opposition to government policies objecting to the ] to the ]. He appealed for the release of ] who was the ] ] that the new ] had arrested. At the time 1950 began all bishops in Romania had been arrested and Scheffler himself was among the last being placed under ] on 23 May 1950. He refused an offer to become a bishop in a ] subjected to the regime and so was imprisoned as a result of this on 19 March 1952.<ref name=SQPN/>
Found to be a martyr by Pope Benedict XVI after a study lasting two decades, he was beatified in Satu Mare in 2011, in the presence of some 8000 worshipers.<ref name="bledea"/>


In ] he was tortured after having boiling water poured onto him. He died there in the morning of 6 December 1952.<ref name=SEB/> News of his death reached Satu Mare in 1953 and his remains were buried in the ] in 1965; an ] priest had noted the location and had the remains moved since the late bishop had been placed in an unmarked grave. His remains were exhumed on 17 June 2011 and interred in another location in the Satu Mare Cathedral.<ref name=SQPN/>
==Notes==
{{reflist}}


==Beatification==
{{ROanticommunistbishops}}
The beatification process started on 12 December 1991 under ] after the ] issued the official "]" and titled Scheffler as a ]. The diocesan process opened on 8 December 1994 and concluded a short time later on 5 December 1996 while the C.C.S. validated the process in ] on 13 May 1998. The C.C.S. also received the ] in 2002 for assessment which theologians approved on 1 July 2009 as did the C.C.S. on 20 April 2010.


On 1 July 2010, ] confirmed that Scheffler was killed "in odium fidei" (in hatred of the faith) and thus approved his beatification which Cardinal ] celebrated for the pope on 3 July 2011 in the bishop's old diocese. He was beatified in before 8000 people. Cardinal ] was also in attendance. Also attending were the nuncio ] and the ] ] as well as Cardinal ] and both the ] Csaba Ternyák and the ] ].
{{Persondata

| NAME = Scheffler, Janos
The current ] for this cause is the ] priest János Szöke.
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =

| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
==References==
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1887
{{Reflist}}
| PLACE OF BIRTH =

| DATE OF DEATH = 1952
==External links==
| PLACE OF DEATH =
*
}}
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scheffler, Janos}}
* }}]]

{{ROanticommunistbishops|state=collapsed}}
{{Canonization}}
{{Portal bar|Saints|Catholicism|Biography|Romania|Hungary}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Scheffler, János}}
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Latest revision as of 16:00, 28 October 2024

Hungarian bishop The native form of this personal name is Scheffler János. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.
Blessed Bishop
János Scheffler
Bishop of Oradea Mare
Photograph.
ChurchRoman Catholic Church
DioceseOradea Mare
SeeOradea Mare
Appointed9 April 1948
Term ended6 December 1952
PredecessorPál Napholcz
SuccessorJózsef Tempfli
Previous post(s)
Orders
Ordination6 July 1910
Consecration17 May 1942
by Jusztinián György Serédi
RankBishop
Personal details
BornJános Scheffler
(1887-10-29)29 October 1887
Kálmánd, Szatmár County, Austria-Hungary
Died6 December 1952(1952-12-06) (aged 65)
Jilava Prison, Ilfov County, Romania
Sainthood
Feast day6 December
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
Beatified3 July 2011
Satu Mare Cathedral, Romania
by Cardinal Angelo Amato
Attributes
  • Episcopal attire
  • Palm
Patronage
ShrinesSatu Mare Cathedral

János Scheffler (German: Johann Scheffler; 29 October 1887 – 6 December 1952) was a Hungarian-born Roman Catholic prelate who served as the bishop of two dioceses before acting as the Bishop of Oradea Mare. He was imprisoned due to opposing the Communist government policies and was killed while imprisoned. He had been noted during his episcopate for his attentiveness to vocations and for the defense of the faith from those forces that sought to disrupt it such as communism.

His beatification took place in 2011.

Life

János Scheffler was born on 29 October 1887 in Kálmánd, Austria-Hungary (now Cămin, Romania) as the second of ten children. He became a Romanian citizen after the Treaty of Trianon granted the region to the Kingdom of Romania in 1920. His brother was Franz Scheffler (3 October 1894 - 29 October 1956).

In 1897 he began to feel called to become a priest though did not begin an active pursuit of this dream until 1906 since he began his high school studies in 1898 with the Jesuits. In 1906 he began his theological studies at the college in Budapest where he achieved excellent grades. Scheffler was later ordained to the priesthood in 1910. He was first assigned to Ciumești while that October saw him sent to Rome to the Pontifical Gregorian University to learn canon law where he soon became a doctor of law on 19 June 1912 upon his graduation. When he studied in Rome he lived in the priest college Santa Maria dell' Anima. In July 1914 - as World War I was beginning - he became a professor of theological studies and the dean of students at Szatmárnémeti (today Satu Mare, Romania). In November 1915 he received his scientific degree. In 1922 with the Satu Mare and Oradea Mare dioceses being merged he set up a single college becoming its first dean as well as professor of canon law and historical studies. In 1923 he became a parish priest at Moftinu Mare. In 1925 he started teaching seminarians for the priesthood and attended the Eucharistic Congress in Chicago from 20–24 June 1926. In 1939 he became a spiritual director.

In 1942, Scheffler was elected to be the Bishop of Szatmárnémeti, while in November 1945 he was transferred as the Bishop of Győr though he was not installed, because he preferred to remain in his previous diocese. He was transferred for the last time in 1948 to another diocese. Vocations became his principal concern and so he founded the "Opus Vocationum Ecclesiasticum" for the care and cultivation of vocations while also establishing several minor seminaries. After World War II he began to express opposition to government policies objecting to the deportation of Germans to the Soviet Union. He appealed for the release of Alexandru Rusu who was the Greek-Catholic Bishop of Maramureș that the new communist regime had arrested. At the time 1950 began all bishops in Romania had been arrested and Scheffler himself was among the last being placed under house arrest on 23 May 1950. He refused an offer to become a bishop in a national church subjected to the regime and so was imprisoned as a result of this on 19 March 1952.

In Jilava Prison he was tortured after having boiling water poured onto him. He died there in the morning of 6 December 1952. News of his death reached Satu Mare in 1953 and his remains were buried in the Satu Mare Cathedral in 1965; an Orthodox priest had noted the location and had the remains moved since the late bishop had been placed in an unmarked grave. His remains were exhumed on 17 June 2011 and interred in another location in the Satu Mare Cathedral.

Beatification

The beatification process started on 12 December 1991 under Pope John Paul II after the Congregation for the Causes of Saints issued the official "nihil obstat" and titled Scheffler as a Servant of God. The diocesan process opened on 8 December 1994 and concluded a short time later on 5 December 1996 while the C.C.S. validated the process in Rome on 13 May 1998. The C.C.S. also received the Positio in 2002 for assessment which theologians approved on 1 July 2009 as did the C.C.S. on 20 April 2010.

On 1 July 2010, Pope Benedict XVI confirmed that Scheffler was killed "in odium fidei" (in hatred of the faith) and thus approved his beatification which Cardinal Angelo Amato celebrated for the pope on 3 July 2011 in the bishop's old diocese. He was beatified in before 8000 people. Cardinal Péter Erdő was also in attendance. Also attending were the nuncio Francisco-Javier Lozano Sebastián and the Archbishop of Bucharest Ioan Robu as well as Cardinal Lucian Mureșan and both the Eger archbishop Csaba Ternyák and the Alba Iulia archbishop György Jakubinyi.

The current postulator for this cause is the Salesian priest János Szöke.

References

  1. ^ "Blessed János Scheffler". Saints SQPN. 24 September 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
  2. ^ "Blessed János Scheffler". Mindszenty. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
  3. ^ "Blessed Janos Scheffler". Santi e Beati. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
  4. Lenzenweger, Joseph (1959). Sancta Maria de Anima. Herder. p. 167.

External links

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