Izbica massacre: Difference between revisions

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			{{short description\|1999 massacre during the Kosovo War}}
	{{Infobox civilian attack		{{Infobox civilian attack
	\|title= Izbica massacre		\| title = Izbica massacre
			\| partof = the ]
	\|image=Izbica massacre.jpg		\| image = Izbica massacre.jpg
	\|caption=''Bodies in Izbica, March 1999.''		\| caption = Bodies of Albanians recorded through a VHS camera in Izbica, March 1999.
	\|location= ], ], ]		\| location = ], ], ]
⚫	\|target= ]
			\| coordinates = {{coord\|42\|43\|41\|N\|20\|39\|24\|E\|display=inline,title}}
⚫	\|date= 28 March 1999
		⚫	\| target = ]
⚫	\|time= around 12:00<ref name="hrw"/>
		⚫	\| date = 28 March 1999
⚫	\|timezone= ]
		⚫	\| time = around 12:00<ref name="hrw"/>
⚫	\|type= Mass ~~Killing~~
		⚫	\| timezone = ]
	\|fatalities= 89<ref name="Presuda">, 28-02-2009</ref>- 146<ref> '']'' 28 March 2000 Link retrieved 05-01-2010</ref>
		⚫	\| type = ]
⚫	\|injuries=
			\| fatalities = 93–130<ref name="ICTY"/>
	\|perps= ] forces
		⚫	\| injuries =
	\|motive=
			\| perps = Serbian policemen and Yugoslav paramilitaries
			\| motive = ]
	}}		}}
			{{Campaignbox Kosovo War}}

			The '''Izbica massacre''' ({{langx\|sq\|Masakra e Izbicës}}; {{lang-sr-Latn\|Pokolj u Izbici}}) was one of the largest massacres of the ].<ref name="hrw">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2001/kosovo/undword-04.htm\|title=UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo - 5. Drenica Region\|website=www.hrw.org\|access-date=2016-12-04\|archive-date=2016-03-06\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306014215/https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2001/kosovo/undword-04.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9905/19/massacre.02/index.html\|title=CNN - U.S.: Massacre video matches mass grave evidence - May 19, 1999\|website=www.cnn.com\|access-date=March 28, 2009\|archive-date=March 3, 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211037/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9905/19/massacre.02/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \| url=https://kryeministri.rks-gov.net/en/blog/prime-minister-kurti-paid-tribute-to-the-memorial-in-izbica/ \| title=Prime Minister Kurti paid tribute to the Memorial in Izbica \| date=28 March 2023 }}</ref> Following the war, the ] (ICTY) found that the massacre resulted in the deaths of at least 93 Kosovar Albanians, mostly male non-combatant civilians between the ages of 60 and 70.
	The '''Izbica massacre''' ({{lang-sq\|Masakra e Izbicës}}) was one of the largest ]s of the ] of 1999.<ref></ref><ref name="hrw"></ref> ] and military forces killed between 89<ref name="Presuda">, 28-02-2009</ref> and 146 ] of all ages in the village of Izbica, in the ] region of central ] on ] ].<ref> '']'' 28 March 2000 Link retrieved 05-01-2010</ref>

	== Background ==		==Background==
	During the ], Izbica was considered safe for ] from neighboring areas to take refuge, partly because of the ]'s presence.<ref name="hrw"/> By 27 March, thousands of ~~Kosovo~~ Albanians from the ] region had gathered in Izbica. Most civilians had come after NATO started bombing, when Yugoslav government forces began to shell the surrounding area.<ref name="hrw"/>		During the ], Izbica was considered safe for ] from neighboring areas to take refuge, partly because of the ]'s presence.<ref name="hrw"/> By 27 March, thousands of Kosovar Albanians from the ] region had gathered in Izbica. Most civilians had come after NATO had started its bombing campaign, when Yugoslav government forces began to shell the surrounding area.<ref name="hrw"/>

	== Killings ==		==Killings==
	The shelling of the village of Izbica began during the night of 27 March when a group of at least fifty Yugoslav soldiers, policemen and ] entered the village. They wore both camouflage and dark blue or black uniforms, and carried long ]s.<ref name="hrw"/> Some wore ] and others had their faces blackened with ].<ref name="hrw"/>		The shelling of the village of Izbica began during the night of 27 March when a group of at least fifty ], policemen and paramilitaries entered the village. They wore both camouflage and dark blue or black uniforms, and carried long knives.<ref name="hrw"/> Some wore ] and others had their faces blackened with ].<ref name="hrw"/>

		⚫	On 28 March, nearly all of the adult men fled to the mountains, leaving mostly women, children, and old men in the village. In the field of Izbica, thousands of people were crowded that day, almost all women, children, and old people. Only about 150 men were among them.<ref name="hrw"/> National security forces threatened to kill the villagers and demanded money.<ref name="hrw"/> After they got the money, they separated the men from the women and children. Women and children were sent to Albania. The men were then executed with automatic weapons.<ref name="hrw"/> Some women and old men were also executed.<ref name="hrw"/>]
	]
		⚫	==War crime trials==
		⚫	The Izbica killings were cited in the ] (ICTY) indictment of ], and others.

		⚫	{{quotation\|On, or about, 27 March 1999, ] and ] forces attacked the village of Izbica. Several thousand village residents took refuge in a meadow outside the village. On, or about, 28 March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia surrounded the villagers and then approached them, demanding money. After valuables were stolen by the soldiers and policemen, the men were separated from the women and small children. The men were then further divided into two groups, one of which was sent to a nearby hill, and the other of which was sent to a nearby streambed. Both groups of men were then fired upon by the forces of the FRY and Serbia, and approximately 130 Kosovo Albanian men were killed.<ref>" {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807120527/https://www.un.org/icty/indictment/english/mil-ii990524e.htm \|date=2009-08-07 }}" para 98a. International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, 22 May 1999</ref>\|Indictment against Milošević and others}}
⚫	On 28 March, nearly all of the adult men fled to the mountains, leaving mostly women, children, and old men in the village. In the field of Izbica, thousands of people were crowded that day, almost all ], ], and ]. Only about 150 men were among them.<ref name="hrw"/> National security forces threatened to kill the villagers and demanded money.<ref name="hrw"/> After they got the money, they separated the men from the women and children. Women and children were sent to Albania. The men were then executed with ].<ref name="hrw"/> Some women and old men were also executed.<ref name="hrw"/>

			According to Sadik Xhemajli, a KLA fighter from Izbica who recorded the names of victims, 142 Kosovar Albanians from the village were killed between 28 March and 10 May 1999.<ref>{{cite book\|author=Adam Jones\|year=2008\|title=Gender Inclusive: Essays on Violence, Men, and Feminist International Relations\|publisher=Routledge\|location=London\|isbn=978-1-13597-400-8\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pmyTAgAAQBAJ\|page=111, note 24}}</ref> In 2009, the ICTY ruled that at least 93 people were killed on 28 March, mostly male civilians between the ages of 60 and 70.<ref name="ICTY">{{cite web\|publisher=ICTY\|title=Judgement: Prosecutor vs. Milan Milutinović, Nikola Šainović, Dragoljub Ojdanić, Nebojša Pavković, Vladimir Lazarević and Sreten Lukić\|url=http://www.icty.org/x/cases/milutinovic/tjug/en/jud090226-e2of4.pdf\|date=26 February 2009\|access-date=28 March 2016\|pages=216, 248\|archive-date=10 September 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910130121/http://www.icty.org/x/cases/milutinovic/tjug/en/jud090226-e2of4.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	Villagers who later buried the dead reported counting between 146 and 166 bodies.<ref name="hrw"/>

		⚫	==See also==
⚫	== War crime trials ==
			{{Portal\|Serbia}}

⚫	The Izbica killings were cited in the ]'s ~~Indictment~~ of ], and others.

⚫	{{quotation\|On, or about, 27 March 1999, FRY and Republic of Serbia forces attacked the village of Izbica. Several thousand village residents took refuge in a meadow outside the village. On, or about, 28 March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia surrounded the villagers and then approached them, demanding money. After valuables were stolen by the soldiers and policemen, the men were separated from the women and small children. The men were then further divided into two groups, one of which was sent to a nearby hill, and the other of which was sent to a nearby streambed. Both groups of men were then fired upon by the forces of the FRY and Serbia, and approximately 130 Kosovo Albanian men were killed.<ref>"" para 98a. International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, 22 May 1999</ref>\|Indictment against Milošević and others}}

⚫	==References==
⚫	{{Reflist}}

⚫	== See also ==
	* ]		* ]
	* ]		* ]
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	* ]		* ]

		⚫	==References==
	{{Kosovo-hist-stub}}
		⚫	{{Reflist\|30em}}
	{{Serbia-hist-stub}}
	{{crime-stub}}

			==Bibliography==
	{{coord missing\|Kosovo}}
			*{{cite book \|last1=Schuppli \|first1=Susan \|title=MATERIAL WITNESS: Media, Forensics, Evidence \|date=2020 \|publisher=] \|isbn=978-0262043571 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=saXODwAAQBAJ}}

			{{authority control}}

		⚫	]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
	]		]
	]		]
	]		]
⚫	]

	]
	]
	]
	]
	]

Latest revision as of 02:51, 6 December 2024

1999 massacre during the Kosovo War

Izbica massacre
Part of the Drenica massacres
Bodies of Albanians recorded through a VHS camera in Izbica, March 1999.
Location	Izbica, Kosovo, Yugoslavia
Coordinates	42°43′41″N 20°39′24″E / 42.72806°N 20.65667°E / 42.72806; 20.65667
Date	28 March 1999 around 12:00 (Central European Time)
Target	Kosovar Albanians
Attack type	Mass murder
Deaths	93–130
Perpetrators	Serbian policemen and Yugoslav paramilitaries
Motive	Anti-Albanian sentiment

v t e Kosovo War
Prelude Attacks on Likoshane and Çirez Prekaz Wartime events UNSCR 1160 Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush Lapušnik prison camp Belaćevac Mine Summer offensive Ljubenić mass graves Lođa 1st Albanian–Yugoslav border Klečka killings Orahovac Junik Lake Radonjić massacre Glodjane UNSCR 1199 Gornje Obrinje massacre UNSCR 1203 UNSCR 1207 Battle of Jezerc 2nd Albanian–Yugoslav border 3rd Albanian–Yugoslav border Panda Bar massacre Podujevo Ambush near Suva Reka Račak massacre Allied Force F-117A shoot-down Novi Sad blitz Bela Crkva massacre Krusha massacres Suva Reka massacre Izbica massacre Drenica massacres Pastasel massacre 4th Albanian-Yugoslav border Battle of Košare Battle of Paštrik Grdelica Gjakova Hajla Meja ambush RTS headquarters Meja massacre Yugoslav Ministry of Defence Lužane bus bombing Varvarin bridge bombing Vushtrri massacre Niš cluster bombing Chinese embassy Koriša bombing Ćuška massacre Aftermath Pristina airport Prizren Zhegër Staro Gracko massacre Gnjilane killings Ranilug 2000 unrest Podujevo bus bombing Goraždevac murders Aspects War crimes Mass graves: Batajnica mass graves, Rudnica mass grave, Ugljare mass grave, Mališevo mass grave Destruction of heritage (Albanian · Serbian)

Kosovo War

Prelude

Wartime events

Aftermath

Aspects

War crimes
Mass graves: Batajnica mass graves, Rudnica mass grave, Ugljare mass grave, Mališevo mass grave
Destruction of heritage (Albanian · Serbian)

The Izbica massacre (Albanian: Masakra e Izbicës; Serbian: Pokolj u Izbici) was one of the largest massacres of the Kosovo War. Following the war, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) found that the massacre resulted in the deaths of at least 93 Kosovar Albanians, mostly male non-combatant civilians between the ages of 60 and 70.

Background

During the Kosovo War, Izbica was considered safe for Kosovar Albanians from neighboring areas to take refuge, partly because of the Kosovo Liberation Army's presence. By 27 March, thousands of Kosovar Albanians from the Drenica region had gathered in Izbica. Most civilians had come after NATO had started its bombing campaign, when Yugoslav government forces began to shell the surrounding area.

Killings

The shelling of the village of Izbica began during the night of 27 March when a group of at least fifty Yugoslav soldiers, policemen and paramilitaries entered the village. They wore both camouflage and dark blue or black uniforms, and carried long knives. Some wore ski masks and others had their faces blackened with greasepaint.

On 28 March, nearly all of the adult men fled to the mountains, leaving mostly women, children, and old men in the village. In the field of Izbica, thousands of people were crowded that day, almost all women, children, and old people. Only about 150 men were among them. National security forces threatened to kill the villagers and demanded money. After they got the money, they separated the men from the women and children. Women and children were sent to Albania. The men were then executed with automatic weapons. Some women and old men were also executed.

War crime trials

The Izbica killings were cited in the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) indictment of Slobodan Milošević, and others.

On, or about, 27 March 1999, FRY and Republic of Serbia forces attacked the village of Izbica. Several thousand village residents took refuge in a meadow outside the village. On, or about, 28 March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia surrounded the villagers and then approached them, demanding money. After valuables were stolen by the soldiers and policemen, the men were separated from the women and small children. The men were then further divided into two groups, one of which was sent to a nearby hill, and the other of which was sent to a nearby streambed. Both groups of men were then fired upon by the forces of the FRY and Serbia, and approximately 130 Kosovo Albanian men were killed.
— Indictment against Milošević and others

According to Sadik Xhemajli, a KLA fighter from Izbica who recorded the names of victims, 142 Kosovar Albanians from the village were killed between 28 March and 10 May 1999. In 2009, the ICTY ruled that at least 93 people were killed on 28 March, mostly male civilians between the ages of 60 and 70.

References

^ "UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo - 5. Drenica Region". www.hrw.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
^ "Judgement: Prosecutor vs. Milan Milutinović, Nikola Šainović, Dragoljub Ojdanić, Nebojša Pavković, Vladimir Lazarević and Sreten Lukić" (PDF). ICTY. 26 February 2009. pp. 216, 248. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
"CNN - U.S.: Massacre video matches mass grave evidence - May 19, 1999". www.cnn.com. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
"Prime Minister Kurti paid tribute to the Memorial in Izbica". 28 March 2023.
"The Prosecutor of the Tribunal against Slobodan Milosevic, Milan Milutinovic, Nikola Sainovic, Dragoljub Ojdanic, Vlajko Stojiljkovic Archived 2009-08-07 at the Wayback Machine" para 98a. International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, 22 May 1999
Adam Jones (2008). Gender Inclusive: Essays on Violence, Men, and Feminist International Relations. London: Routledge. p. 111, note 24. ISBN 978-1-13597-400-8.

Bibliography

Schuppli, Susan (2020). MATERIAL WITNESS: Media, Forensics, Evidence. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0262043571.

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