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| '''Psychotronic weapons''' are a ] researched during the ] by the ], relating to ]. The class of weapons are used {{cn}} to modify the thought process of humans, with the use of electromagnetic radiation and the assistance of advanced computers in order to "induce ], sickness, mutations in human cells, or even death." Underlying technologies studied included VHF generators, X-rays, ultrasound, and radio waves. Russian Army Major I. Chernishev, wrote in the military journal Orienteer in February 1997, that “psy” weapons were being researched and developed all over the world.<ref>{{cite news | title=The Mind has No Firewall | first=Timothy | last=Thomas | newspaper = Parameters | date=Spring 1998 | pages="82-92" | url="http://www.carlisle.army.mil/USAWC/parameters/Articles/98spring/thomas.htm" }}</ref> In March of 2012, Russian Defense Minister, ] said “The development of weaponry based on new physics principles; direct-energy weapons, geophysical weapons, wave-energy weapons, genetic weapons, psychotronic weapons, etc., is part of the state arms procurement program for 2011-2020."<ref>{{cite news | title="Russia Eyes Development of Futuristic Weaponry" | newspaper="RIA Novosti" | date="March 22, 2012" | url="http://en.rian.ru/military_news/20120322/172332421.html"}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=Report: Soviets Used Top-Secret ' Psychotronic' Weapons | author=Owen Matthews| newspaper = The Moscow Times | date=July 11, 1995 }}</ref> The program came to the attention of groups such as ] and the Joint Forces Staff College who have analyzed Russian research into this subject.<ref>{{cite book | title=Information Operations: Warfare and the Hard Reality of Soft Power | author=Armistead, Leigh in conjunction with the Joint Forces Staff College and the National Security Agency | page=198 }}</ref> | |||
| ==United States analyst interest== | |||
| {{off-topic|date=April 2013}} | |||
| The United States appears to have taken an interest in the program in 1965,{{Synthesis-inline|date=April 2013}} when the White House asked the Defense Department to investigate "behavioral and biological effects of low level microwaves," after discovering electromagnetic radiation being beamed into the Moscow embassy.<ref>http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=19760321&id=vboqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=LmcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6828,2196986</ref> This irradiation spanned from 1953 to 1976, after the White House Request, Project Pandora (and "Bizarre") conducted microwave research on animals and Navy personnel, achieving mixed results.<ref>{{cite web | title=Mind Games | author=Sharon Weinberger|work=Washington Post | date=January 14, 2007 | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/10/AR2007011001399_4.html}}</ref> This research was carried out by the psychology division within the psychiatry research section of Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.<ref>{{cite book | title="The Neuro Revolution: How Brain Science is Changing the World" | author="Lynch, Zach" | publisher="Macmillan" | date="July 21, 2009" }}</ref> | |||
| In an article from 1998 published by the U.S. Army War College, military analyst Timothy Thomas examined psychotronic weapons, noting that up until that time most American military analysts had only looked at "simple deception" as a way to modify the enemy's rational thought. He notes that neuroscience has reliably proven that electromagnetic and energy waves, like data originating from the endogenous processes of the mind and body are subject to change in a similar manner to computers.<ref>{{cite book | title="The Neuro Revolution: How Brain Science is Changing the World" | author="Lynch, Zach" | publisher="Macmillan" | date="July 21, 2009" }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=The Mind has No Firewall | first=Timothy | last=Thomas | newspaper = Parameters | date=Spring 1998 | pages=82-92 |url=http://www.carlisle.army.mil/USAWC/parameters/Articles/98spring/thomas.htm }} </ref> | |||
| {{synthesis|date=April 2013}} | |||
| In 2000, ] printed an interview with ], in which he states he had submitted a research and development plan to the Pentagon to identify a terrorist's mental profile. Norseen was a lead researcher at ] working on a project called BioFusion on contract with the ]. One year later, in ], Norseen gave an update on his research: "By looking at the collective data, we know that when this person thinks of the number nine or says the number nine, this is how it appears in the brain, providing a fingerprint, or what we call a brainprint," Norseen offers. "We are at the point where this database has been developed enough that we can use a single electrode or something like an airport security system where there is a dome above your head to get enough information that we can know the number you're thinking," he adds.<ref>{{cite web| title="Buck Rogers, meet John Norseen" | author="U.S. News and World Report" | url="http://www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/000103/archive_033992.htm"}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title="Decoding Minds, Foiling Adversaries" | author="SIGNAL Magazine" | url="http://www.afcea.org/signal/archives/content/Oct01/"}}</ref> | |||
| ==Alleged use against civilians== | |||
| In studying auditory hallucinions, Ralph Hoffman, a professor of psychiatry at Yale specializing in delusions, reports that people often ascribe voices in their heads to external sources including government harassment, God, and dead relatives. Hoffman said a growing number of subjects have informed him of mind control related sites that confirm their experiences. he says "the views of these belief systems are like a shark that has to be constantly fed, if you don't feed the delusion, sooner or later it will die out or diminish on its own." Other mental health experts have looked closely at these web sites, and are careful to note that there is no way to prove that posters are suffering from mental illness. Whether or not these sites and groups are beneficial is questionable, some believe it could be delusion reinforcing, and others note that social support can be beneficial. The ] reported in 2007 that there are a growing number of US citizens who allege that the government is using "psychotronic torture" against them and who campaign to stop the use of psychotronic and other "mind control" weapons.<ref name="weinberger2007">{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/10/AR2007011001399.html |title=Mind Games |last=Weinberger|first=Sharon |date=January 14, 2007 |newspaper=Washington Post |accessdate=2010-08-01}}</ref><ref name="nytimes1">{{cite news | title="Sharing Their Demons on the Web" | last = "Kershaw" | first="Sarah" | newspaper="The New York Times" | date = "November 12, 2008" | url = "http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/13/fashion/13psych.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0" }} </ref> | |||
| In 2001, ] proposed before the 107th Congress to ban space based and psychotronic weapons. This bill was withdrawn do to an unfavorable Executive Comment from the U.S. Department of Defense.<ref name="weinberger2007"/> In 2008, the New York Times reported that Representative Jim Guest was also working to investigate psychotronics. “I’ve had enough calls, some from credible people — professors — being targeted by nonlethal weapons,” Representative Guest said, adding that nothing came of his request for an investigation. He added: “I believe there are people who have been targeted by this."<ref name="nytimes1"/> | |||
| Similar campaigns have occured in Russia with the "Victims of Psychotronic Experimentation" group attempting to recover damages from the ] for alleged infringement of their civil liberties including "beaming rays" at them, putting chemicals in the water, and using magnets to alter their minds. These fears may have been inspired by revelations of secret research into pscyhological warfare during the early 1990s, with Lopatkin, a ] committee member in 1995, surmising "Something that was secret for so many years is the perfect breeding ground for conspiracy theories."<ref>{{cite news| title=Report: Soviets Used Top-Secret 'Psychotronic' Weapons | first=Owen|last=Matthews |work=The Moscow Times | date=July 11, 1995}}</ref> | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
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