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{{short description|Title used by Telugu castes}}
'''Naidu''' (also spelled '''Nayudu''' or '''Naidoo''') is a title used by various social groups of the ] state of India. It is also used in ], ], ], ] and ]. It is a Telugu derivation of the ] ''],'' meaning "protector" or "leader".
'''Naidu''' (also spelled as '''Nayudu''', '''Naidoo''') is a ] title commonly used by various ] castes. 'Nayudu/Naidu' (నాయుడు) is a contraction of the ] word 'Nayakudu' (నాయకుడు) meaning leader, chief, headman.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Charles Philip |author-link=Charles Philip Brown |date=1903 |title=A Telugu-English Dictionary |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/brown_query.py?searchhws=yes&qs=%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81 |access-date=7 April 2023 |website= |page=644 |via=] |edition=2nd}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=నిఘంటుశోధన - తెలుగు నిఘంటువు |url=https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/index.php?w=%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81 |access-date=7 April 2023 |website=Andhra Bharati}}</ref> Telugu castes such as the ]/]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Misra |first1=Promode Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YekBAAAAMAAJ&q=balija+naidu |title=Nomads in the Mysore City |last2=Misra |first2=Rajalakshmi |last3=Rajalakshmi |first3=Chennkeswara Ramanuja |last4=Verghese |first4=Isaac |date=1971 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |page=7,8 2 |language=en |quote=Balija Naidu}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Wiebe |first=Paul D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_1oyAAAAMAAJ&q=Balijas+boyas+Gollas+Kapus |title=Social Life in an Indian Slum |date=1975 |publisher=Carolina Academic Press |isbn=978-0-89089-051-6 |page=63 |language=en |quote=Naidu is a title of honour and has been used by such Telugu castes as the ]s, ], ], and ]}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Rural Non Form Growth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MTbtAAAAMAAJ&q=Kapu+Naidu |pages=215 |year=2006 |publisher=Serials Publications |isbn=9788183870092 |quote=Kapu Naidu}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Shashi |first=Shyam Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOIjAQAAIAAJ&q=Telaga+naidu |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: Andhra Pradesh |date=1994 |publisher=Anmol Publications |isbn=978-81-7041-836-8 |pages=196. 195 |language=en |quote=But Reddis, Kammas, and Telaga Naidu are equal in social rank. They are originally agricultural castes. |author-link=Shyam Singh Shashi}}</ref> ], ],<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Thurston |first1=Edgar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FnB3k8fx5oEC&dq=gavara&pg=PA138 |title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India |last2=Rangachari |first2=K. |publisher=Government press |year=1909 |isbn=9781727472912 |page=138}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1285 | title=Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles | isbn=978-0-19-563357-3 | last1=Singh | first1=K. S. | date=1996 | publisher=Anthropological Survey of India }}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Misra|first1=Promode Kumar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YekBAAAAMAAJ&q=Golla|title=Nomads in the Mysore City|last2=Misra|first2=Rajalakshmi|last3=Rajalakshmi|first3=Chennkeswara Ramanuja|last4=Verghese|first4=Isaac|date=1971|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|page=35|language=en|quote=The Title "Naidu" is used by many of The Telugu-speaking communities such as ], ] and ].}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ramamoorthy |first=L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yYgOAAAAYAAJ&q=yadava+naidu+for+golla |title=Language Loyalty and Displacement: Among Telugu Minorities in Pondicherry |date=2000 |publisher=Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics and Culture |isbn=978-81-85452-10-4 |language=en}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&q=Turupu+Kapu+Nayudu|title=Communities,Segments,Synonyms,Surnames and Titles|date=1996|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|page=1396|isbn=978-0-19-563357-3|language=en|quote=Turupu Kapu title Nayudu/Naidu}}</ref> ], ]<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last=Francis |first=C. |year=2006 |title=Private Investment in the Cotton Mills: A Case Study |journal=Journal of Indian History |volume=85 |page=<!--175–187--> 181 |quote=Naidu is a title assumed by a number of Telugu castes such as Balija, Bestha, Boya, Ekari, Gavara, Kaingi, Kamma, Kapu and Velama.}}</ref> among others use the title.


In ], the term Naidu primarily refers to ] caste.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Staples |first=James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-9j9DwAAQBAJ&dq=Naidu+kapu&pg=PA196 |title=Sacred Cows and Chicken Manchurian: The Everyday Politics of Eating Meat in India |date=2020 |publisher=] |isbn=978-0-295-74789-7 |pages=196 |language=en |quote=Naidu—or Kapu, an alternative name for the same subcaste—is known as one of Andhra Pradesh's economically and politically dominant castes, along with the Reddis and the Kammas.}}</ref><ref name="JASI">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dn1CAAAAYAAJ&q=Kapu+Naidu |title=The Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India |date=1990 |publisher=] |volume=39 |pages=70 |language=en |quote=The group is also known as Kapu, Naidu, Telaga in coastal districts of the state and is ethnically similar to Balija Naidus of Rayalaseema area of Andhra Pradesh.}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite book |last=Prasada Bhoopaludu |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.497181/page/1381/mode/2up?q=%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE |title=Andhra Vignanamu |date=1939 |publisher=The Razan Electric Press |volume=3 |pages=1381–1383}}</ref>
The word Naidu is etymologically related to the ] of ], Marathi Naik and Nayaks (]) in Odisha.


==Usage== ==Notable people==
People bearing the title Naidu include:
The Nayaka title was conferred mostly upon warriors who received land along with the title Nayaka as a part of the ''Nayankara'' system that recognised services rendered to the court during the ]. ] was one among approximately 25 titles used by the Kakatiyas to create a new political infrastructure to undercut the authority of hereditary regional elites. Little is known of the responsibilities associated with the title at that time.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Political Economy of Craft Production: Crafting Empire in South India, c. 1350-1650 |first=Carla M. |last=Sinopoli |page=73 |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2003 |isbn=9780521826136 |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=J3nHg-eKWuIC}}</ref> The Nayankara system was also used by Rajayyan, wherein land was granted to a Nayaka on condition that they would place their military service at the disposal of the king.<ref>{{cite book |title=Local government in the Vijayanagara Empire |first=A. Venkata |last=Ratnam |page=14 |publisher=Prasaranga, University of Mysore |year=1972 |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8l5XAAAAMAAJ}}</ref>


* ], social activist from ]
By 1909, when ] was writing, the Naidu or Nayadu title was used by many Telugu communities in census returns, of whom he notes the Balija, Bestha, Boyar, Ekari, Gavara, Golla, Kalingi, Kamma, Kapu, Mutracha and Velama. <ref>{{cite book |title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India |first1=Edgar |last1=Thurston |first2=K. |last2=Rangachari |year=1909 |volume=V (M to P) |page=138 |location=Madras |publisher=Government Press |url=http://www.archive.org/details/castestribesofso05thuriala |accessdate=2012-03-24}}</ref>
* ], politician, ] leader
* ], former Chief Minister of Madras Presidency
* ], Indian ] pioneer known as the 'father of ] cricket'<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last1=Eastman |first1=Benjamin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdfbAAAAQBAJ&dq=Buchi+Babu+Naidu&pg=PA7 |title=America's Game(s): A Critical Anthropology of Sport |last2=Ralph |first2=Michael |last3=Brown |first3=Sean |date=2007-12-12 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-80263-8 |pages=7 |language=en}}</ref>
* ], India's first female cricket commentator<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dani |first=Bipin |date=5 April 2021 |title=India's first woman commentator Chandra Nayudu no more |work=] |url=https://www.mid-day.com/sports/cricket/article/indias-first-woman-commentator-chandra-nayudu-no-more-23166951}}</ref>
* ], Telugu cinematographer
* ], first captain of the ] and one of India's greatest cricketers<ref>{{Cite book |last=Majumdar |first=Boria |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UGFFG_deJy4C&dq=Nayudu+universally+one+greatest+cricketers+ever+lived&pg=PA50 |title=Once Upon a Furore: Lost Pages of Indian Cricket |date=2004 |publisher=Yoda Press |isbn=978-81-902272-0-9 |pages=50 |language=en |quote=C. K. Nayudu is today universally acknowledged as one of the greatest Indian cricketers that ever lived. |author-link=Boria Majumdar}}</ref>
* ], represented India in ] from 1934 to 1952
* ], former chairman of ]
* ], ] violinist
* ], Telugu film producer
* ], member of ]
* ], Indian industrialist, the founder of ] of companies
* ], former Minister, ], Andhra Pradesh
* ], first Law Minister of Andhra Pradesh
⚫ * ], scientist, inventor and businessman, known as "Edison of India"
* ], entrepreneur, founder of KG Group
* ], Speaker of Pondicherry Assembly (1985{{En dash}}1989)<ref name=":1522">{{Cite book |last=More |first=J. B. Prashant |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cQ1uAAAAMAAJ |title=The Telugus of Yanam and Masulipatnam: From French Rule to Integration with India |date=2007 |publisher= |pages=263 |language=en |author-link=J. B. Prashant More}}</ref>
* ], ], ], and wrestler
* ], former ]; Telugu Desam Party leader
* ], Telugu Desam Party leader
* ], entrepreneur, founder of ]
* ], former Chief Minister and Governor of ]
* ], politician
⚫ * ], Indian actress
* ], 13th ]
* ], former ]
* ], social activist in South Africa
* ], politician, Telugu Desam Party
* ], current Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, leader of Telugu Desam Party
* ], Indian physician, politician, journalist and Indian independence activist
* ], educator, founder of ]
* ], former ] and member of the 10th ] of India
* ], freedom fighter
* ], minister of a small ] kingdom of ]
* ], former Minister, Andhra Pradesh
* ], commander of a ] unit
* ], sportsperson who represented ]
* ], filmmaker widely known as the "father of ]"
* ], Indian social reformer and educationist
* ], ]-winning ]
* ], independence activist and poet known as "nightingale of India"
* ], classical dancer
* ], physician
* ], politician; former MP and state minister
* ], writer and journalist, winner of ]<ref name="Kumari-19983">{{Cite book |last=Kumari |first=A. Vijaya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r-ffeWmj2JUC&q=kapu&pg=PA89 |title=Social Change Among Balijas: Majority Community of Andhra Pradesh |date=1998 |publisher=M.D. Publications |isbn=978-81-7533-072-6 |pages=14 |language=en}}</ref>
* ], freedom fighter
* ], ] Raja


==Origins== == References ==
{{reflist}}


{{surname}}
The Nayaka / Danda Nayaka term started being used during the ] dynasty which ruled from the Krishna and Godavari deltas during the 3rd century A.D. Little is known about the title usage prior to that. A more widespread usage of the term Nayaka can be traced to the expansion of the ] into Andhra country during the 7th century. However, the most widespread usage of the term Nayak happened during the period of the ].


]
The word Naidu is used by the older writers in southern India in several senses, of which the following example given by Yule and Burnell{{full|date=November 2012}} may be cited:
⚫ ]

⚫ ]
* It denoted a Commander or a Governor.
⚫ ]
* Native captain or headman.
⚫ ]
* Title of honor among Hindus in the Deccan. "The kings of deccan also have a custom when they will honor a man or recompence their service done, and raise him to dignity and honor. They give him the title of Nayak." -Linschoten
* The general name of the Kings of Vijayanagar.

Though originally not meant to be a hereditary title, it was inherited by many despite them not participating in the traditional titular roles.

==Notable Naidus==
⚫ * ], Savitri&nbsp;— Indian actress
* ] - Indian Cricketer
* ] - Andhra pradesh Ex-Chief Minister
* ] - Father of Indian Cricket in Chennai
⚫ * ] - Scientist,Inventor and Businessman,known as "Edison of India"

==References==
{{Reflist}}

⚫ ]
⚫ ]
⚫ ]
]
⚫ ]

Latest revision as of 07:36, 17 December 2024

Title used by Telugu castes

Naidu (also spelled as Nayudu, Naidoo) is a Telugu title commonly used by various Telugu castes. 'Nayudu/Naidu' (నాయుడు) is a contraction of the Telugu word 'Nayakudu' (నాయకుడు) meaning leader, chief, headman. Telugu castes such as the Kapu/Balija Kamma, Gavara, Golla, Turpu Kapu, Velama, Boya among others use the title.

In Coastal Andhra, the term Naidu primarily refers to Kapu caste.

Notable people

People bearing the title Naidu include:

References

  1. Brown, Charles Philip (1903). "A Telugu-English Dictionary" (2nd ed.). p. 644. Retrieved 7 April 2023 – via Digital South Asia Library.
  2. "నిఘంటుశోధన - తెలుగు నిఘంటువు". Andhra Bharati. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  3. Misra, Promode Kumar; Misra, Rajalakshmi; Rajalakshmi, Chennkeswara Ramanuja; Verghese, Isaac (1971). Nomads in the Mysore City. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 7,8 2. Balija Naidu
  4. Wiebe, Paul D. (1975). Social Life in an Indian Slum. Carolina Academic Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-89089-051-6. Naidu is a title of honour and has been used by such Telugu castes as the Balijas, Boyas, Gollas, and Kapus
  5. Rural Non Form Growth, Serials Publications, 2006, p. 215, ISBN 9788183870092, Kapu Naidu
  6. Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: Andhra Pradesh. Anmol Publications. pp. 196. 195. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8. But Reddis, Kammas, and Telaga Naidu are equal in social rank. They are originally agricultural castes.
  7. Thurston, Edgar; Rangachari, K. (1909). Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Government press. p. 138. ISBN 9781727472912.
  8. Singh, K. S. (1996). Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles. Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 978-0-19-563357-3.
  9. Misra, Promode Kumar; Misra, Rajalakshmi; Rajalakshmi, Chennkeswara Ramanuja; Verghese, Isaac (1971). Nomads in the Mysore City. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 35. The Title "Naidu" is used by many of The Telugu-speaking communities such as Balija, Bestha and Golla.
  10. Ramamoorthy, L. (2000). Language Loyalty and Displacement: Among Telugu Minorities in Pondicherry. Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics and Culture. ISBN 978-81-85452-10-4.
  11. Communities,Segments,Synonyms,Surnames and Titles, Anthropological Survey of India, 1996, p. 1396, ISBN 978-0-19-563357-3, Turupu Kapu title Nayudu/Naidu
  12. Francis, C. (2006). "Private Investment in the Cotton Mills: A Case Study". Journal of Indian History. 85: 181. Naidu is a title assumed by a number of Telugu castes such as Balija, Bestha, Boya, Ekari, Gavara, Kaingi, Kamma, Kapu and Velama.
  13. Staples, James (2020). Sacred Cows and Chicken Manchurian: The Everyday Politics of Eating Meat in India. University of Washington Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-295-74789-7. Naidu—or Kapu, an alternative name for the same subcaste—is known as one of Andhra Pradesh's economically and politically dominant castes, along with the Reddis and the Kammas.
  14. The Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India. Vol. 39. Anthropological Survey of India. 1990. p. 70. The group is also known as Kapu, Naidu, Telaga in coastal districts of the state and is ethnically similar to Balija Naidus of Rayalaseema area of Andhra Pradesh.
  15. Prasada Bhoopaludu (1939). Andhra Vignanamu. Vol. 3. The Razan Electric Press. pp. 1381–1383.
  16. Eastman, Benjamin; Ralph, Michael; Brown, Sean (2007-12-12). America's Game(s): A Critical Anthropology of Sport. Routledge. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-136-80263-8.
  17. Dani, Bipin (5 April 2021). "India's first woman commentator Chandra Nayudu no more". Mid-Day.
  18. Majumdar, Boria (2004). Once Upon a Furore: Lost Pages of Indian Cricket. Yoda Press. p. 50. ISBN 978-81-902272-0-9. C. K. Nayudu is today universally acknowledged as one of the greatest Indian cricketers that ever lived.
  19. More, J. B. Prashant (2007). The Telugus of Yanam and Masulipatnam: From French Rule to Integration with India. p. 263.
  20. Kumari, A. Vijaya (1998). Social Change Among Balijas: Majority Community of Andhra Pradesh. M.D. Publications. p. 14. ISBN 978-81-7533-072-6.
Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Naidu.
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