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| #REDIRECT ] | |||
| {{POV|date=June 2013}} | |||
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| ] is a classical dance form of India which has its origin in ], but is immensely popular in Karnataka as well]] | |||
| == History == | |||
| ==The Chokkanathaswamy temple Tamil Inscription == | |||
| ] | |||
| == Illaipakka Nadu (present day Yelahanka) == | |||
| Yelahanka is referred to as Illaipakka Nadu of Rajendra Solavala Nadu (Gangaikondachola) in the inscriptions.<ref name="DeccanHerald"/> | |||
| == Tombalur or Desimanikkapattanam(present day Domlur) == | |||
| Domlur itself is referred to as Tombalur and as Desimanikkapattanam in the inscriptions.<ref name="DeccanHerald"/> | |||
| The Chokkanathaswamy temple which is the oldest in the City. The temple stands on a high base and probably was in the centre of the locality and once a prominent structure.The Tamil inscriptions of Chakravarthi Posalaviraramanatha Deva are addressed to the authorities of all temples in his kingdom. One epigraphy says that all kinds of taxes, tributes and tolls of Sondekoppa village have been granted by Devaraya II of Vijayanagar to the temple. The wet and dry lands in Tombalur together with wells, trees, houses are granted to God Sokkapperumal.<ref name="DeccanHerald"/> | |||
| On the door frame dated about 1270 AD, it is written in Tamil that one Alagiyar donated the two door posts. Another Tamil inscription says, one Talaikkattu (maybe a general) and his wife donated as tax-free the temple property, for the God Tripurantaka Perumal, as also the dry and wet lands in the village of Jalapalli, the tank at Vinnamangalam and other lands below the big tank of Tombalur. The charge of the temple was given to Talai Sankurappachariyan.<ref name="DeccanHerald"/> | |||
| == The Chokkanathaswamy temple == | |||
| The Chokkanathaswamy temple inscriptions on the temple suggest it belongs to the Chola period.Tucked in a bylane, not very far from the main Domlur Road is a quaint west-facing 10th century Chola temple, called the Chokkanathaswamy temple which is the oldest in the City. The temple stands on a high base and probably was in the centre of the locality and once a prominent structure.<ref>{{cite web|title=IBN LIVE|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/chokkanatha-the-citys-oldest-temple/259404-60-119.html}}</ref> | |||
| == Saligrama stone == | |||
| The images of Vishnu or Sokka Perumal, his consorts Sri and Bhu in the garbhagriha, are carved from the saligrama stone from Gantikinadi (Nepal), the only place where the sacred stone is found. It was found that one of his consorts Bhudevi had a small chip off her nose. To correct this, the entire figure was scraped and the same was done to the other consort Sridevi too.<ref name="DeccanHerald"/> | |||
| == Tiruppavai == | |||
| == Old Madivala Someswhara temple Tamil inscriptions == | |||
| {{Empty section|date=June 2013}} | |||
| == ‘Veppur’ (modern-day Begur) == | |||
| The earliest record dates to 1247 AD and refers to lands donated “below the big tank of Vengalur” by a resident of ‘Veppur’ (modern-day Begur).<ref name="deccanherald.com"/> | |||
| == Tamaraikkirai (present day Tavarekere) == | |||
| Tamaraikkirai (meaning ‘the banks of the lotus pond’ in Tamil). Epigraphy expert H S Gopala Rao, Secretary of the Karnataka Itihasa Academy, points out that this is the old name for what we today know as Tavarekere.<ref name="deccanherald.com"/> | |||
| == Old Madivala Someswhara temple == | |||
| ] | |||
| The stone temple is said to be a Chola period temple, making it one among Bangalore’s oldest. And there is ample proof of its antiquity. Large portions of its outer walls are covered with inscriptions in Tamil and Grantha (an old script used to write Sanskrit) characters, attesting to the temple’s age. The earliest record dates to 1247 AD.The temple underwent extensive renovations five years ago,the inscriptions were largely unharmed. The temple’s outer walls that carry the inscriptions and also idols of various gods including Ganesha, Durga and Vishnu, remain unaltered.Inside, apart from shiny new flooring, the garba griha and artha mantapa were untouched. These inner chambers still remain small and darkened spaces that encourage a personal and intimate communion with the Lord.<ref name="deccanherald.com"/> | |||
| Apart from four carved pillars, the artha mantapa has a large and elegantly proportioned granite Nandi facing the linga. Behind the Nandi, the eastern wall of the temple has a small opening that is directly in line with the linga.<ref name="deccanherald.com"/> | |||
| == Twin cities == | |||
| In the 19th century, Bangalore essentially became a ], with the "pētē", whose residents were predominantly ]s, and the "cantonment" created by the British, whose residents were predominantly ].<ref>{{cite book|title=KANNADA MOVEMENT|page=50|url=http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05172004-231956/unrestricted/4.pdf}}</ref> | |||
| == Places renamed into Kannada Language (1960's) == | |||
| Tamil was more visible in the city through newspapers, movies and trade unions. Therefore the Kannada movement was a concerted effort to give more visibility and audibility to their language and to stake their claim over the city by renaming streets, making it mandatory for businesses to display signage in Kannada<ref>{{cite book|title=Banaglore history|url=http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05172004-231956/unrestricted/4.pdf}}</ref>. | |||
| == Protest against MS Subbalakshmi's concert(1962) == | |||
| In 1962, leading litterateur Aa Na Krishna Rao launched a protest against (the Tamilian) MS | |||
| Subbalakshmi's concert during the Ramanavami festival in Bangalore, decrying the neglect of Kannada | |||
| artistes saying "Idu Ramotsava alla, Tamilotsava" ("This is not a festival for Rama, but of Tamils")<ref>{{cite book|title=bangalorenotes|page=4|url=http://www.bangalorenotes.com/nairpap.pdf}}</ref> . | |||
| == At Present days == | |||
| Today, the erstwhile Cantonment area of Bangalore comprising Ulsoor, Shivajinagar, Benson Town, Richard’s Town, Frazer Town, Austin Town, Richmond Town, Cox Town, Murphy Town and others still boast a large Tamil populace<ref>{{cite book|title=Tamil area|page=5|url=http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05172004-231956/unrestricted/4.pdf}}</ref> ,<ref>{{cite web|title=discoverbangalore|url=http://www.discoverbangalore.com/granite.htm}}</ref> .Tamil-speaking people are largely found in the districts of ], ].According to Indian Express news,Out of 1.67 lakh voters in Shivajinagar, 92,000 are Tamil speaking people.<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Express|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/article1531428.ece|newspaper=Indian Express}}</ref> {{Citation needed|date=June 2013}}. | |||
| == Largest ethnolinguistic minority in Bangalore city == | |||
| In 1991, Tamils constituted the largest ethnolinguistic minority in Bangalore city making up 21.38% of the total population. | |||
| Today, Tamil speakers form an estimated 25-30 percent of the population of Bangalore city. | |||
| <ref>{{cite news|title=REUTERS|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/02/05/idUSDEL133372|newspaper=REUTERS|date=Mon Feb 5, 2007}}</ref> As of 1971, Tamil formed the second-largest mother tongue in ] .<ref name="indiacensus1971p669">{{cite book|title=Census of India, 1971|pages=668–669|author=P. Padmanabha|publisher=Manager of Publications|year=}}</ref> | |||
| == Southern Karnataka == | |||
| Tamil-speaking people are largely found in the districts of ], ], ], ], ], ] and ] in southern Karnataka.In Karnataka, ] form 3.46% of the total population of the state.<ref>{{cite web|title=censusindia|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement3.htm}}</ref> Almost 5 million Tamils live outside Tamil Nadu, inside India. There has been a recorded presence of Tamil-speaking people in Southern Karnataka since the 10th century.<ref>{{cite book|title=Landscapes of Urban Memory|pages=100–102|chapter=The Settlement of Tamil speaking Groups | url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=-JXDD0gcHgoC&pg=PA100|author=Smriti Srinivas|publisher=]|year=2004|isbn=9788125022541}}</ref> | |||
| == Thigala == | |||
| The Thigala (or Tigala) are a Tamil social group found in Tamil Nadu and ], and particularly the city of ].<ref name="People of India">{{cite book|title=People of India|page=1423|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=VBQwAQAAIAAJ&q=thigala+Vanniar&dq=thigala+Vanniar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=yodQUd7RIKXH0QHV_YHADg&redir_esc=y}}</ref> | |||
| == Bengaluru Karaga == | |||
| ]Bengaluru Karaga is one of the oldest festivals celebrated in the heart of Bengaluru.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bangaluru karaga|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/04/19/stories/2007041921280500.htm|newspaper=THE HINDU}}</ref> Bengaluru Karaga is primarily a well-known tradition of Thigala community in southern Karnataka. The Karaga festival is generally led by the men of the community. There is a legend which gives them this privilege. Thigalas believe that in the last part of the Mahabharatha, when the Pandavas were shown a glimpse of hell, one last Asura (Demon) called Tripurasura was still alive.<ref name="bangaloremirror.com">{{cite news|title=bangaloremirror|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/index.aspx?page=article§id=10&contentid=200904212009042100394852e56efa0a§xslt=&pageno=1|newspaper=bangaloremirror}}</ref> | |||
| == Mahabharatha and Bengaluru Karaga == | |||
| ] | |||
| At this time, Draupadi, the Pandava's wife, took the form of Shakthi devi. She created a huge army of soldiers called the Veerakumaras. After defeating the Asura, the soldiers asked Shakthi Devi to stay back with them. Though she had to go back, she promised them that she would come to stay with them every year during the first full moon of the first month of the Hindu calendar<ref name="bangaloremirror.com"/> | |||
| == Kempe Gowda == | |||
| He built the Bangalore fort and the town in 1537 A D. And moved his capital from Yelahanka to the new Bangalore. Some believe that ], the founder of Bangalore city, was a ] from ].<ref>{{cite book|title=Landscapes of Urban Memeory: The Sacred and the Civic in India's High-tech City|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=-JXDD0gcHgoC&pg=PA100&dq=Kempegowda++tamil&hl=en&sa=X&ei=aAW3UcrhGM2HrgeCvoH4Dw&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Kempegowda%20%20tamil&f=false}}</ref>] is referred Illaipakka Nadu in the Tamil Incription,10th century Chola temple,],].<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the temple Incription|url=http://www.chitralakshana.com/chokkanatha.html}}</ref> | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:19, 29 September 2016
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