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{{Infobox Romanian subdivision
{{Refimprove|date=December 2009}}
|type = town
{{Expand Romanian|date=February 2009|Cehu Silvaniei}}
|county = Sălaj
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox settlement-->
|official_name = Cehu Silvaniei
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|other_name = Szilágycseh
|coordinates_region = RO
|image_shield = ROU SJ Cehu Silvaniei CoA.jpg
|subdivision_type = ]
|image_skyline = Hungarian Reformed Church from Szilágycseh - Szilágycsehi Református Templom - Biserica Reformată din Cehu-Silvaniei.jpg
|subdivision_name = {{ROU}}
| image_skyline =Hungarian Reformed Church from Szilágycseh - Szilágycsehi Református Templom - Biserica Reformată din Cehu-Silvaniei.jpg |image_caption = ]
|image_map=Cehu Silvaniei jud Salaj.png
| image_alt =
|map_caption = Location in Sălaj County
| image_caption =]
|leader_name = Ervin Bálint<ref>{{cite web |url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/romania-pv-final |title=Results of the 2020 local elections |publisher=Central Electoral Bureau |access-date=11 June 2021 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|timezone=]
|leader_party = UDMR
|utc_offset=+2
|term = 2020&ndash;2024
|timezone_DST=]
|coordinates = {{coord|47|25|5|N|23|17|12|E|region:RO|display=inline,title}}
|utc_offset_DST=+3
|elevation = 232
|map_caption = |
|elevation_min =
|official_name=Cehu Silvaniei|other_name=Szilágycseh
|elevation_max =
|image_shield=
|area_total = 67.77
|image_map=
|area_footnotes =
|subdivision_type1=]|
|population_as_of =
subdivision_name1=Sălaj County|
|population_total = auto
|subdivision_type2=]|
|population_footnotes =
subdivision_name2={{Autolink|Town}}
|postal_code = 455100
|settlement_type=Town||
|area_code = (+40) 02 60
|leader_title=]|
|website = {{URL|https://primaria-cehusilvaniei.ro/}}
leader_name=András Varga|
|leader_party=]|
area_total_km2=67.77|
population_as_of=2011|
population_total=7130|
| pushpin_map =Romania
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
|latd=47|latm=25|lats=5|latNS=N|longd=23|longm=17|longs=12|longEW=E
|website=http://www.primaria-cehusilvaniei.ro|
}} }}
'''Cehu Silvaniei''' ({{Langx|hu|Szilágycseh}}) is a town in ], ], ]. Four villages are administered by the town: Horoatu Cehului (''Oláhhorvát''), Motiș (''Mutos''), Nadiș (''Szilágynádasd''), and Ulciug (''Völcsök'').
]
'''Cehu Silvaniei''' ({{Lang-hu|Szilágycseh, until 1854 ]-Cseh}}, meaning "] of Szilágy") is a town in ], ], ]. Four villages are administered by the town: Horoatu Cehului (''Oláhhorvát''), Motiş (''Mutos''), Nadiş (''Szilágynádasd'') and Ulciug (''Völcsök'').


==History of the town== ==History of the town==
The first written mention of the town dates from 1319 under the name Cheevar. In 1405, the city was mentioned under the name ''Chehy''. The Hungarian name of the city referred to a stand of ] origin. The first written mention of the town dates from 1319 under the name ''Cheevar''. In 1405, the city was mentioned under the name ''Chehy''. The Hungarian name of the city referred to a stand of ] origin.


The town was until 1918 part of the ] and specifically of the ]. In 1529, the ] granted the city the right to govern itself. The town was until 1918 part of the ] and specifically of the ]. In 1529, the voviode ] granted the city the right to govern itself.


After the dissolution of the principality of Transylvania in 1867 and its direct integration into the ] as part of Hungary (''see the ]''), the city is attached to the ] in 1876. In 1918, during the disintegration of the empire at the end of the ], the city became part of the ]. After the dissolution of the principality of Transylvania in 1867 and its direct integration into the ] as part of Hungary (''see the ]''), the city is attached to ] in 1876. In 1918, during the disintegration of the empire at the end of ], the city became part of the ].


From 1940 to 1944 it was annexed by Hungary as a result of the ]. In May 1944, its ] community was exterminated by the ] during several deportations to ]. From 1940 to 1944 it was annexed by Hungary as a result of the ]. In May 1944, its ] community was exterminated by the ] during several deportations to ].


At the end of the Second World War, the city was incorporated by Romania again. At the end of ], the city was incorporated into Romania again.


The city has long been an agricultural center. In 1968, during the country's administrative reorganization, it acquired city status and then industrialization take place (textiles, furniture). The city has long been an agricultural center. In 1968, during the country's administrative reorganization, it acquired city status and then industrialization take place (textiles, furniture).

==Climate==
Cehu Silvaniei has a ] (''Cfb'' in the ]).

<div style="width:70%;">
{{Weather box
|location = Cehu Silvaniei
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 1.7
|Feb high C = 4.3
|Mar high C = 9.9
|Apr high C = 16.3
|May high C = 20.9
|Jun high C = 24.2
|Jul high C = 26.2
|Aug high C = 26.4
|Sep high C = 21.2
|Oct high C = 15.2
|Nov high C = 9.4
|Dec high C = 3
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = -1.7
|Feb mean C = 0.2
|Mar mean C = 4.9
|Apr mean C = 11
|May mean C = 15.8
|Jun mean C = 19.5
|Jul mean C = 21.3
|Aug mean C = 21.3
|Sep mean C = 16.3
|Oct mean C = 10.5
|Nov mean C = 5.5
|Dec mean C = 0.1
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = -5
|Feb low C = -3.7
|Mar low C = -0.1
|Apr low C = 5.1
|May low C = 10
|Jun low C = 13.9
|Jul low C = 15.8
|Aug low C = 15.8
|Sep low C = 11.3
|Oct low C = 6.2
|Nov low C = 2.1
|Dec low C = -2.7
|year low C =
|Jan precipitation mm = 58
|Feb precipitation mm = 54
|Mar precipitation mm = 64
|Apr precipitation mm = 67
|May precipitation mm = 80
|Jun precipitation mm = 91
|Jul precipitation mm = 87
|Aug precipitation mm = 64
|Sep precipitation mm = 74
|Oct precipitation mm = 68
|Nov precipitation mm = 63
|Dec precipitation mm = 67
|year precipitation =
|date=May 2021|source=https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/salaj/cehu-silvaniei-15684/}}
</div>


==Demographics== ==Demographics==
{{Historical populations {{Historical populations
|source = Census data |source = Census data
|1850 |3482
|1880 |4298
|1900 |5366
|1910 |5881
|1920 |5843
|1930 |6034
|1941 |6141
|1956 |7147
|1966 |7945
|1977 |8302 |1977 |8302
|1992 |8954 |1992 |8954
|2002 |8468 |2002 |8468
|2011 |7130 |2011 |7130
|2021 |6369
}} }}


At the 2011 census, 50.4% of inhabitants were ], 44.5% ] and 4.9% ].<ref></ref> At the same census, 47% were ], 44.4% ], 3.5% ], 2.4% belonged to "another religion" and 1% ].<ref></ref> At the ], there were 7,130 inhabitants; of those, 50.4% were ], 44.5% ], and 4.9% ].<ref>{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> At the same census, 47% were ], 44.4% ], 3.5% ], 2.4% belonged to "another religion", and 1% ].<ref>{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> At the ], Cehu Silvaniei had a population of 6,369, of which 45.85% were Hungarians, 43.07% Romanians, and 4.98% Roma.<ref name="RPL2021">{{cite web|url= https://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Tabel-1.03_1.3.1-si-1.03.2.xls|title=Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021|publisher=]|language=ro|date=31 May 2023}}</ref>


==Historic sites and monuments== ==Historic sites and monuments==

=== Hungarian Reformed Church of Cehu-Silvaniei - national monument ===
=== Hungarian Reformed Church of Cehu-Silvaniei ===
Probably members of two families, Miklós Drágffy and his wife, and Eufémia Jakcs or their son, Bertalan, later voivod of Transylvania (1493–98) built the church somewhere in the middle of the second half of the 15th century. Governor Drágffy János (1525–26) was an important patron of the church: he made some changes on the church in 1519, and had a lombard-patterned renaissance sedile made for it in 1522. Probably members of two families, Miklós Drágffy and his wife, and Eufémia Jakcs or their son, Bertalan, later voivod of Transylvania (1493–98) built the church somewhere in the middle of the second half of the 15th century. Governor Drágffy János (1525–26) was an important patron of the church: he made some changes on the church in 1519, and had a lombard-patterned renaissance sedile made for it in 1522.


In 1614, due to the generosity of Prépostváry Zsigmond and his wife Széchy Katalin, the rules os the market-town then, the tower at the western facade is built, as shown by the escutcheoned memorial tablet on its southern wall. In 1614, due to the generosity of Prépostváry Zsigmond and his wife Széchy Katalin, the rules of the market-town then, the tower at the western façade is built, as shown by the escutcheoned memorial tablet on its southern wall.
The medieval nave is enlarged in 1801, and then 1905, eith square side-aisles and the interiour gets a classicist proportions. The medieval nave is enlarged in 1801, and then 1905, with square side-aisles and the interior gets a classicist proportions. This church is a national monument classified with number SJ-II-m-A-05034.
This church is a national monument classified with number SJ-II-m-A-05034.


===Jewish cemetery=== ===Jewish cemetery===
The ]<ref name="IAJGS International Jewish Cemetery Project (Cehu Silvaniei)"></ref> is located at Cehu Silvaniei, Cloşca Str. no. 8, Sălaj County, 249.1 miles NNW of Bucharest and 34&nbsp;km from ]. <!--The town presently has a population of fewer than 10 Jews. The Jewish Community of Oradea, Mihai Viteazu Str. no. 4, 3700 Oradea, Romania, tel. 0040-59-134843 (132587) The Federation of the Jewish Communities of Romania, Sf. Vineri Str., no. 9-11, sect. 3, Bucharest, Romania " Dr. Moshe Carmilly", Institute for Hebrew and Jewish History, Universităţii Str., no. 7-9, room 61, 3400 Cluj-Napoca, Romania, director Ladislau Gyemant, gyemant@zortec.ro Key holder and caretaker: Sincraian Dumitru, Cehu Silvaniei --> The ]<ref name="IAJGS International Jewish Cemetery Project (Cehu Silvaniei)">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iajgsjewishcemeteryproject.org/romania/cehu-silvaniei-salaj-county.html |title=IAJGS International Jewish Cemetery Project (Cehu Silvaniei) |access-date=2011-03-02 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726164256/http://www.iajgsjewishcemeteryproject.org/romania/cehu-silvaniei-salaj-county.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> is located at Cehu Silvaniei, Cloșca Str. no. 8, Sălaj County, 249.1 miles NNW of Bucharest and {{convert|34|km|mi|abbr=on}} from ]. <!--The town presently has a population of fewer than 10 Jews. The Jewish Community of Oradea, Mihai Viteazu Str. no. 4, 3700 Oradea, Romania, tel. 0040-59-134843 (132587) The Federation of the Jewish Communities of Romania, Sf. Vineri Str., no. 9-11, sect. 3, Bucharest, Romania " Dr. Moshe Carmilly", Institute for Hebrew and Jewish History, Universității Str., no. 7-9, room 61, 3400 Cluj-Napoca, Romania, director Ladislau Gyemant, gyemant@zortec.ro Key holder and caretaker: Sincraian Dumitru, Cehu Silvaniei -->


The 1850 Jewish population by census was 63, in 1857 was 66, in 1880 was 206, in 1900 was 369, in 1910 was 517, and in 1930 was 551. In May 1944, the Jews were gathered in the "] (of ])" made into Cehu Silvaniei, then in that from ] and on May 31, June 6, 8 they were deported to ]. The unlandmarked ] cemetery was established in 19th century. The last known burial was in the 20th century. The 1850 Jewish population by census was 63, in 1857 was 66, in 1880 was 206, in 1900 was 369, in 1910 was 517, and in 1930 was 551. In May 1944, the Jews were gathered in the ] that the ] and their collaborators set up near Cehu Silvaniei (the ], outside ]), and on May 31 and June 6, 8 they were deported to ]. The unlandmarked ] cemetery was established in the 19th century. The last known burial was in the 20th century.


The isolated suburban flat land has no sign or marker. Reached via private road, access is open with permission. A fence with a gate that locks surrounds the site. Approximate 1-20 stones are visible, some not in original location with 25%-50% of the stones being toppled or broken. The location of the stones that have been removed from the cemetery is unknown. Vegetation overgrowth in the cemetery is a seasonal problem preventing access. Water drainage is good all year. There are no special sections. The isolated suburban flat land has no sign or marker. Reached via private road, access is open with permission. A fence with a gate that locks surrounds the site. Approximate 1-20 stones are visible, some not in original location with 25%-50% of the stones being toppled or broken. The location of the stones that have been removed from the cemetery is unknown. Vegetation overgrowth in the cemetery is a seasonal problem preventing access. Water drainage is good all year. There are no special sections.


The oldest known gravestone dates from 19th century. The 19th and 20th century marble, granite, sandstone, and limestone boulders, flat and shaped, smoothed and inscribed, carved relief decorated gravestones have Hebrew inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. No known mass graves. The national Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are residential. The cemetery maintenance worked on the re-erection of stones, patching broken stones, cleaning stones, and clearing vegetation. Current care involves occasional clearing or cleaning of the cemetery by unpaid individuals. There are no structures. The oldest known gravestone dates from the 19th century. The 19th and 20th century marble, granite, sandstone, and limestone boulders, flat and shaped, smoothed and inscribed, carved relief decorated gravestones have Hebrew inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. No known mass graves. The national Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are residential. The cemetery maintenance worked on the re-erection of stones, patching broken stones, cleaning stones, and clearing vegetation. Current care involves occasional clearing or cleaning of the cemetery by unpaid individuals. There are no structures.


==Natives==
==Notable residents==
* ] * ] (born 1953), football player, businessman
* ] (born 1947), Israeli poet
* ]
* ] (1918–1981), aircraft designer
* ]


==References== ==References==
{{Commons}} {{reflist}}

{{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
{{commons category|Cehu Silvaniei}}
*
*

{{Sălaj County}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Municipalities and Towns of Sălaj County}}


] ]
] ]
]
] ]
]
] ]
] ]
]
]

Latest revision as of 15:41, 21 October 2024

Town in Sălaj, Romania
Cehu Silvaniei Szilágycseh
Town
Reformed Church, Cehu SilvanieiReformed Church, Cehu Silvaniei
Coat of arms of Cehu SilvanieiCoat of arms
Location in Sălaj CountyLocation in Sălaj County
Cehu Silvaniei is located in RomaniaCehu SilvanieiCehu SilvanieiLocation in Romania
Coordinates: 47°25′5″N 23°17′12″E / 47.41806°N 23.28667°E / 47.41806; 23.28667
CountryRomania
CountySălaj
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Ervin Bálint (UDMR)
Area67.77 km (26.17 sq mi)
Elevation232 m (761 ft)
Population6,369
 • Density94/km (240/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code455100
Area code(+40) 02 60
Vehicle reg.SJ
Websiteprimaria-cehusilvaniei.ro

Cehu Silvaniei (Hungarian: Szilágycseh) is a town in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania. Four villages are administered by the town: Horoatu Cehului (Oláhhorvát), Motiș (Mutos), Nadiș (Szilágynádasd), and Ulciug (Völcsök).

History of the town

The first written mention of the town dates from 1319 under the name Cheevar. In 1405, the city was mentioned under the name Chehy. The Hungarian name of the city referred to a stand of Czech origin.

The town was until 1918 part of the Kingdom of Hungary and specifically of the Principality of Transylvania. In 1529, the voviode István Báthory granted the city the right to govern itself.

After the dissolution of the principality of Transylvania in 1867 and its direct integration into the Austro-Hungarian Empire as part of Hungary (see the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867), the city is attached to Szilágy County in 1876. In 1918, during the disintegration of the empire at the end of World War I, the city became part of the Kingdom of Romania.

From 1940 to 1944 it was annexed by Hungary as a result of the Second Vienna Award. In May 1944, its Jewish community was exterminated by the Nazis during several deportations to Auschwitz.

At the end of World War II, the city was incorporated into Romania again.

The city has long been an agricultural center. In 1968, during the country's administrative reorganization, it acquired city status and then industrialization take place (textiles, furniture).

Climate

Cehu Silvaniei has a humid continental climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification).

Climate data for Cehu Silvaniei
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1) 		4.3
(39.7) 		9.9
(49.8) 		16.3
(61.3) 		20.9
(69.6) 		24.2
(75.6) 		26.2
(79.2) 		26.4
(79.5) 		21.2
(70.2) 		15.2
(59.4) 		9.4
(48.9) 		3
(37) 		14.9
(58.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.7
(28.9) 		0.2
(32.4) 		4.9
(40.8) 		11
(52) 		15.8
(60.4) 		19.5
(67.1) 		21.3
(70.3) 		21.3
(70.3) 		16.3
(61.3) 		10.5
(50.9) 		5.5
(41.9) 		0.1
(32.2) 		10.4
(50.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −5
(23) 		−3.7
(25.3) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		5.1
(41.2) 		10
(50) 		13.9
(57.0) 		15.8
(60.4) 		15.8
(60.4) 		11.3
(52.3) 		6.2
(43.2) 		2.1
(35.8) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		5.7
(42.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 58
(2.3) 		54
(2.1) 		64
(2.5) 		67
(2.6) 		80
(3.1) 		91
(3.6) 		87
(3.4) 		64
(2.5) 		74
(2.9) 		68
(2.7) 		63
(2.5) 		67
(2.6) 		837
(32.8)
Source: https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/salaj/cehu-silvaniei-15684/

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1850 3,482—    
1880 4,298+23.4%
1900 5,366+24.8%
1910 5,881+9.6%
1920 5,843−0.6%
1930 6,034+3.3%
1941 6,141+1.8%
1956 7,147+16.4%
1966 7,945+11.2%
1977 8,302+4.5%
1992 8,954+7.9%
2002 8,468−5.4%
2011 7,130−15.8%
2021 6,369−10.7%
Source: Census data

At the 2011 census, there were 7,130 inhabitants; of those, 50.4% were Hungarians, 44.5% Romanians, and 4.9% Roma. At the same census, 47% were Romanian Orthodox, 44.4% Reformed, 3.5% Roman Catholic, 2.4% belonged to "another religion", and 1% Baptist. At the 2021 census, Cehu Silvaniei had a population of 6,369, of which 45.85% were Hungarians, 43.07% Romanians, and 4.98% Roma.

Historic sites and monuments

Hungarian Reformed Church of Cehu-Silvaniei

Probably members of two families, Miklós Drágffy and his wife, and Eufémia Jakcs or their son, Bertalan, later voivod of Transylvania (1493–98) built the church somewhere in the middle of the second half of the 15th century. Governor Drágffy János (1525–26) was an important patron of the church: he made some changes on the church in 1519, and had a lombard-patterned renaissance sedile made for it in 1522.

In 1614, due to the generosity of Prépostváry Zsigmond and his wife Széchy Katalin, the rules of the market-town then, the tower at the western façade is built, as shown by the escutcheoned memorial tablet on its southern wall. The medieval nave is enlarged in 1801, and then 1905, with square side-aisles and the interior gets a classicist proportions. This church is a national monument classified with number SJ-II-m-A-05034.

Jewish cemetery

The Jewish cemetery is located at Cehu Silvaniei, Cloșca Str. no. 8, Sălaj County, 249.1 miles NNW of Bucharest and 34 km (21 mi) from Zalău.

The 1850 Jewish population by census was 63, in 1857 was 66, in 1880 was 206, in 1900 was 369, in 1910 was 517, and in 1930 was 551. In May 1944, the Jews were gathered in the ghetto that the Nazis and their collaborators set up near Cehu Silvaniei (the Cehei ghetto, outside Șimleu Silvaniei), and on May 31 and June 6, 8 they were deported to Auschwitz. The unlandmarked Orthodox cemetery was established in the 19th century. The last known burial was in the 20th century.

The isolated suburban flat land has no sign or marker. Reached via private road, access is open with permission. A fence with a gate that locks surrounds the site. Approximate 1-20 stones are visible, some not in original location with 25%-50% of the stones being toppled or broken. The location of the stones that have been removed from the cemetery is unknown. Vegetation overgrowth in the cemetery is a seasonal problem preventing access. Water drainage is good all year. There are no special sections.

The oldest known gravestone dates from the 19th century. The 19th and 20th century marble, granite, sandstone, and limestone boulders, flat and shaped, smoothed and inscribed, carved relief decorated gravestones have Hebrew inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. No known mass graves. The national Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are residential. The cemetery maintenance worked on the re-erection of stones, patching broken stones, cleaning stones, and clearing vegetation. Current care involves occasional clearing or cleaning of the cemetery by unpaid individuals. There are no structures.

Natives

References

  1. "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
  2. "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. Romanian census data, 2011
  4. Romanian census data, 2011
  5. "Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (in Romanian). INSSE. 31 May 2023.
  6. "IAJGS International Jewish Cemetery Project (Cehu Silvaniei)". Archived from the original on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-03-02.

External links

Sălaj County, Romania
Cities Coat of arms of Sălaj County
Towns
Communes
Categories: