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{{Infobox artist {{Infobox artist
| name = Gu Hongzhong | name = Gu Hongzhong
| image = Gu Hongzhong's Night Revels, Detail 1.jpg|300px | image = Gu Hongzhong's Night Revels, Detail 1.jpg
| caption = Detail of ''Night Revels of Han Xizai'' | caption = Detail of ''Night Revels of Han Xizai''
| birth_name = ({{zh|c=顾闳中|p=Gù Hóngzhōng}} | birth_name = ({{zh|c=顧閎中|p=Gù Hóngzhōng}}
| birth_date = 937 | birth_date = 937
| birth_place = | birth_place =
| death_date = 975 | death_date = 975
| death_place = | death_place =
| nationality = ] | nationality = Chinese
| spouse = | spouse =
| field = Painting | field = Painting
Line 22: Line 22:
| bgcolour = | bgcolour =
}} }}
'''Gu Hongzhong''' ({{zh|c=顾闳中|p=Gù Hóngzhōng}}) (937–975) was a ] painter during the ] period of Chinese history. '''Gu Hongzhong''' ({{zh|s=顾闳中|t=顧閎中|p=Gù Hóngzhōng}}; 937–975) was a Chinese painter during the ] period of Chinese history.


Gu was active until 960 CE<ref name="literati"> University of Washington: A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization. Retrieved 27 August 2012.</ref> and was most likely a ] for the ] Emperor ]. His most well-known work is the ''Night Revels of Han Xizai'' (韩熙载夜宴图). Gu's original no longer exists, but the painting survives as a 12th-century remake during the subsequent ] (960–1279). The painting is housed in the ] in Beijing.<ref name="literati" /><ref>Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999). ''The Cambridge Illustrated History of China''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 148. ISBN 0-521-66991-X (paperback).</ref> Gu was active until 960 CE<ref name="literati"> University of Washington: A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization. Retrieved 27 August 2012.</ref> and was most likely a ] of the ] during the reign of ]. His most well-known work is the '']''. Gu's original no longer exists, but the painting survives as a 12th-century remake during the subsequent ]. The painting is housed in the ] in Beijing.<ref name="literati" /><ref>Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999). ''The Cambridge Illustrated History of China''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 148. {{ISBN|0-521-66991-X}} (paperback).</ref>


==''Night Revels of Han Xizai''== ==''Night Revels of Han Xizai''==
The ''Night Revels of Han Xizai'' is a painted scroll depicting Han Xizai, a minister of Li Yu.<ref name="literati" /> This ] painting is split into five distinct sections: Han Xizai listens to the ], watches dancers, takes a rest, plays string instruments, and then sees guests off.<ref name=culture/> The ''Night Revels of Han Xizai''<ref></ref> is a painted scroll depicting ], a minister of Li Yu.<ref name="literati" /> This ] painting is split into five distinct sections: Han Xizai listens to the ], watches dancers, takes a rest, plays string instruments, and then sees guests off.<ref name=culture/>


Gu Hongzhong was supposedly sent to pry on Han Xizai's private life per emperor Li Yu's request. One theory is that Li Yu wanted to know why Han refused his offer to make him the ].<ref name=culture> China Culture, Ministry of Culture, China. Retrieved 27 August 2012.</ref> Another is that Han Xizai repeatedly missed early-morning audiences with the emperor because of his revelry, fondness of drinking and banquets with friends, and needed to be shamed into dignified behavior.<ref name="literati" /> Gu Hongzhong was supposedly sent to pry on Han Xizai's private life per emperor Li Yu's request. One theory is that Li Yu wanted to know why Han refused his offer to make him the ].<ref name=culture> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061211034819/http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_artqa/2003-09/24/content_39759.htm |date=2006-12-11 }} China Culture, Ministry of Culture, China. Retrieved 27 August 2012.</ref> Another is that Han Xizai repeatedly missed early-morning audiences with the emperor because of his revelry, fondness of drinking and banquets with friends, and needed to be shamed into dignified behavior.<ref name="literati" />


The work was not only a painting about personal life, but also represented many features from that period. Using careful observation, all of the details of the ''Night Revels'' were thoroughly exposed and peoples' expressions were vivid and true-to-life. In the picture, there are more than 40 figures—all lifelike and with different expressions. The painting represented the lifestyle of the ruling class of that time indirectly. The painter's surprising observation of Han Xizai makes the painting thought-provoking.<ref name=culture/> The work was not only a painting about personal life, but also represented many features from that period. Using careful observation, all of the details of the ''Night Revels'' were thoroughly exposed and peoples' expressions were vivid and true-to-life. In the picture, there are more than 40 figures—all lifelike and with different expressions. The painting represented the lifestyle of the ruling class of that time indirectly. The painter's surprising observation of Han Xizai makes the painting thought-provoking.<ref name=culture/>


{{wide image|Gu Hongzhong's Night Revels 1.jpg|1000px|First half section of the ''Night Revels of Han Xizai'', 12th century remake, view from right to left}} {{wide image|Gu Hongzhong's Night Revels 1.jpg|1000px|First half section of the ''Night Revels of Han Xizai'', 12th century remake, view from right to left|dir=rtl}}


{{wide image|Gu Hongzhong's Night Revels 2.jpg|1000px|Second half section of the ''Night Revels of Han Xizai'', 12th century remake}} {{wide image|Gu Hongzhong's Night Revels 2.jpg|1000px|Second half section of the ''Night Revels of Han Xizai'', 12th century remake|dir=rtl}}


===Parody of ''Night Revels of Han Xizai''=== ===Art inspired by ''Night Revels of Han Xizai''===
<!-- Deleted image removed: ] --> <!-- Deleted image removed: ] -->
In 2000, artist Wang Qingsong created ''The Night Revels of Lao Li'', a parody of ''The Night Revels of Han Xizai''.<ref></ref> Instead of a painting like the original, it is a photograph. The parody uses modern costume and references to comment on current Chinese culture.<ref> Wang Qingsong. Retrieved 27 August 2012.</ref> In 2000, artist ] created ''The Night Revels of Lao Li'' based on ''The Night Revels of Han Xizai''.<ref></ref> Instead of a painting like the original, it is a photograph. The artwork uses contemporary costume and references to comment on current Chinese culture.<ref> Wang Qingsong. Retrieved 27 August 2012.</ref>


==See also== ==See also==
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==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist}}


==Further reading== ==Further reading==
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*Lee, De-nin Deanna (2010). ''The Night Banquet: A Chinese Scroll through Time''. Seattle, University of Washington Press, 2010. *Lee, De-nin Deanna (2010). ''The Night Banquet: A Chinese Scroll through Time''. Seattle, University of Washington Press, 2010.


{{Commons category|Night Revels}} {{Commons category|Gu Hongzhong}}

{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->
| NAME = Gu, Hongzhong
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Chinese artist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 937
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 975
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gu, Hongzhong}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gu, Hongzhong}}
] ]
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] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 17:28, 29 January 2023

Gu Hongzhong
Detail of Night Revels of Han Xizai
Born(Chinese: 顧閎中; pinyin: Gù Hóngzhōng
937
Died975
NationalityChinese
Known forPainting
MovementFive Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

Gu Hongzhong (simplified Chinese: 顾闳中; traditional Chinese: 顧閎中; pinyin: Gù Hóngzhōng; 937–975) was a Chinese painter during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history.

Gu was active until 960 CE and was most likely a court painter of the Southern Tang dynasty during the reign of Li Yu. His most well-known work is the Night Revels of Han Xizai. Gu's original no longer exists, but the painting survives as a 12th-century remake during the subsequent Song dynasty. The painting is housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing.

Night Revels of Han Xizai

The Night Revels of Han Xizai is a painted scroll depicting Han Xizai, a minister of Li Yu. This narrative painting is split into five distinct sections: Han Xizai listens to the pipa, watches dancers, takes a rest, plays string instruments, and then sees guests off.

Gu Hongzhong was supposedly sent to pry on Han Xizai's private life per emperor Li Yu's request. One theory is that Li Yu wanted to know why Han refused his offer to make him the prime minister. Another is that Han Xizai repeatedly missed early-morning audiences with the emperor because of his revelry, fondness of drinking and banquets with friends, and needed to be shamed into dignified behavior.

The work was not only a painting about personal life, but also represented many features from that period. Using careful observation, all of the details of the Night Revels were thoroughly exposed and peoples' expressions were vivid and true-to-life. In the picture, there are more than 40 figures—all lifelike and with different expressions. The painting represented the lifestyle of the ruling class of that time indirectly. The painter's surprising observation of Han Xizai makes the painting thought-provoking.

First half section of the Night Revels of Han Xizai, 12th century remake, view from right to left Second half section of the Night Revels of Han Xizai, 12th century remake

Art inspired by Night Revels of Han Xizai

In 2000, artist Wang Qingsong created The Night Revels of Lao Li based on The Night Revels of Han Xizai. Instead of a painting like the original, it is a photograph. The artwork uses contemporary costume and references to comment on current Chinese culture.

See also

References

  1. ^ The Private Realm of the Literati. University of Washington: A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  2. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999). The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 148. ISBN 0-521-66991-X (paperback).
  3. Han Xizai at Night Dinner Painting Depicts Extravagant Life
  4. ^ Han Xizai at Night Dinner Painting Depicts Extravagant Life. Archived 2006-12-11 at the Wayback Machine China Culture, Ministry of Culture, China. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  5. The New York Times
  6. Night Revels of Lao Li. Wang Qingsong. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

Further reading

  • Kurz, Johannes L. (2011). "Han Xizai (902-970): An Eccentric Life in Exciting Times", in Peter Lorge (ed.), The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press.
  • Lee, De-nin Deanna (2010). The Night Banquet: A Chinese Scroll through Time. Seattle, University of Washington Press, 2010.
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