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{{Short description|Iranian politician (1928–1998)}}
'''Dariush Forouhar''' (]-]) was the leader of the '']'' (Nation of Iran Party), a ] opposition party in ] which he founded in ]. He was born in ] and had formerly been the Minister of Labor in the ] of ] in ]. He was one of the founding members of the original ] with ]. During the ] era, he had been very active in the anti-Shah nationalist movement and was a strong supporter of the democratically elected Prime Minister ].
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Dariush Forouhar
|image = Dariush Forouhar photo.jpg
|imagesize =
|smallimage =
|caption =
|office = ]
|term_start = 13 February 1979
|term_end = 29 September 1979
|primeminister = ]
|predecessor = Manouchehr Aryana
|successor = ]
|office1 = ]<br>for Provincial Inspection<ref>{{citation|title=اخراجی‌های دولت|language=Persian|url=http://www.ensani.ir/fa/content/47732/default.aspx|author=Mohammad Heydari|date=2008|number=43|work=Shahrvand Magazine}}</ref>
|term_start1 = 29 September 1979
|term_end1 = 6 November 1979
|primeminister1 = ]
|birth_date = 18 August{{fact|date=September 2024}} 1928
|birth_place = ], Iran
|death_date = {{death date and age|1998|11|22|1928|08|18|df=y}}
|death_place = ], ]
|death_cause = ] by ]
|party = ] {{small|(1951–98)}}<br>] {{small|(1951)}}
|otherparty = ] {{small|(1951–79)}}
|spouse = ]
|children = 2, including ]
|residence =
|alma_mater =
|occupation =
|profession =
|cabinet = ]
|committees =
|portfolio =
|signature =
|website =
|footnotes =
}}
'''Dariush Forouhar''' ({{langx|fa|داریوش فروهر}}; 18 August{{fact|date=September 2024}} 1928 – 22 November 1998) was an Iranian ] politician and leader of ]. In 1998, he and his ] were stabbed to death in their home and both among the victims of the ].


==Early life==
In the midst of post-revolutionary tensions in Iranian ] in 1979, Forouhar was part of a delegation sent by Tehran to negotiate with Kurdish political and religious leaders. Although this delegation's recommendations were never implemented by the central government and Kurdish revolt was dealt with harshly, Forouhar's attempts to reach a peaceful settlement with Kurds earned him respect among Kurds.
Forouhar was born on December 28,{{fact|date=September 2024}} 1928, in ]. His father was a general in ] who was arrested in WW2 by the British during the ] after attempting to form an armed resistance.


==Career and political activities==
He and his wife, ], were assassinated in their home in ]. The murders, which are believed to have been politically motivated, remain unsolved. There has been speculation from supporters of the Forouhars (as well as from critics of the ]) that the ] was involved and ordered the killings .
According to Ali Razmjoo in ''Hezb-e-Pan-Iranist'', Forouhar was one of the founding members of the original nationalist ] in 1951 with ].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Rubin|first=Michael | authorlink = Michael Rubin (historian)|author2=] |title=Patterns of Discontent: Will History Repeat in Iran?|journal=]|date=March 2006|url=http://www.meforum.org/921/patterns-of-discontent-will-history-repeat-in-iran|accessdate=2 August 2013}}</ref> During ], he had been very active in the anti-Shah nationalist movement and was a strong supporter and close friend of the Prime Minister ]. In the midst of post-revolutionary tensions in ] in 1979, Forouhar was part of a delegation sent by Tehran to negotiate with Kurdish political and religious leaders. Although this delegation's recommendations were never implemented by the central government and Kurdish revolt was dealt with harshly, Forouhar's attempts to reach a peaceful settlement with ] earned him respect among Kurds.


Forouhar served as minister of labor in ] of ] in 1979.<ref name=alemdari>{{cite journal|last=Alamdari |first=Kazem |title=The Power Structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran: transition from populism to clientelism, and militarization of the government |journal=] |year=2005 |volume=26 |issue=8 |pages=1285–1301 |url=http://www.relooney.fatcow.com/SI_Peter-Iran/00-Iran_2.pdf |doi=10.1080/01436590500336690 |s2cid=54966626 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207021810/http://www.relooney.fatcow.com/SI_Peter-Iran/00-Iran_2.pdf |archivedate=7 December 2013 }}</ref>
They are survived by their son, ], and daughter, ]. Both are politically active and continue to raise awareness of the plight of political dissidents in Iran.


==Death==
Ms. ], the lawyer of the Forouhars' relatives quoting Parastou says: "All evidences show that my father was preparing himself to go to prison, because at the time of his slaying, his shoes had no laces, he did not wear his wrist watch and had his wallet emptied of its contents and papers except for some money."
Forouhar and his wife, ], were overt opponents of ] (clerical theocracy) and under continuous surveillance.<ref name=alemdari/> They were assassinated in their home in 1998. The murders, which are believed to have been politically motivated, remain unsolved, although the general belief is that the ] was involved and had ordered the killings.<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>
It is thought that the murders were provoked by Forouhar's criticism of human rights abuses by the Islamic Republic in interviews with Western radio stations that beamed Persian-language programs to Iran. This "brought them to the attention of Iran's ubiquitous intelligence service."<ref>], ''Persian Mirrors'', Touchstone, (2000), p.234, {{ISBN|0743284798}}</ref>


Under pressure from public opinion, the then Iranian president ] formed a committee to follow up the case, which eventually asked for the resignation of the ], ]. One of the main characters behind the case, ], reportedly committed suicide while in prison.
==See also==
* ]
* ]


], the lawyer of the Forouhars' relatives quoting Parastou says: "All evidence shows that my father was preparing himself to go to prison, because at the time of his slaying, his shoes had no laces, he did not wear his wrist watch and had his wallet emptied of its contents and papers except for some money."
==External links==
*
*
*
*
*


Their murders brought to light a pattern known as the ].
{{Iran-politician-stub}}


==Personal life==
]
Forouhar had two children. Son, ], and daughter, ], are both politically active and continue to raise awareness of the plight of political dissidents in Iran. In 2009, Parastou signed an open letter of apology posted to ] along with 266 other Iranian academics, writers, artists, journalists about the ].<ref>{{cite journal|title=We are ashamed!|journal=]|date=4 February 2009|url=http://www.iranian.com/main/2009/feb/we-are-ashamed}}</ref>
]
]


== References ==
]
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Dariush Forouhar}}
* {{YouTube|Y1I707QoFrk|Documentary on Foruhars}}
*

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{{s-ttl|title=Spokesperson of the ]|years=1978–1979}}
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{{List of political prisoners of Iran}}
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Latest revision as of 01:03, 8 November 2024

Iranian politician (1928–1998)

Dariush Forouhar
Minister of Labour
In office
13 February 1979 – 29 September 1979
Prime MinisterMehdi Bazargan
Preceded byManouchehr Aryana
Succeeded byAli Espahbodi
Minister without Portfolio
for Provincial Inspection
In office
29 September 1979 – 6 November 1979
Prime MinisterMehdi Bazargan
Personal details
Born18 August 1928
Isfahan, Iran
Died22 November 1998(1998-11-22) (aged 70)
Tehran, Iran
Manner of deathAssassination by stabbing
Political partyNation Party of Iran (1951–98)
Pan-Iranist Party (1951)
Other political
affiliations		National Front (1951–79)
SpouseParvaneh Eskandari
Children2, including Parastou
CabinetBazargan Cabinet

Dariush Forouhar (Persian: داریوش فروهر; 18 August 1928 – 22 November 1998) was an Iranian pan-Iranist politician and leader of Nation Party of Iran. In 1998, he and his wife were stabbed to death in their home and both among the victims of the chain murders of Iran.

Early life

Forouhar was born on December 28, 1928, in Isfahan, 'Eshafah'. His father was a general in the Army who was arrested in WW2 by the British during the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran after attempting to form an armed resistance.

Career and political activities

According to Ali Razmjoo in Hezb-e-Pan-Iranist, Forouhar was one of the founding members of the original nationalist Pan-Iranist Party of Iran in 1951 with Mohsen Pezeshkpour. During the Pahlavi era, he had been very active in the anti-Shah nationalist movement and was a strong supporter and close friend of the Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh. In the midst of post-revolutionary tensions in Iranian Kurdistan in 1979, Forouhar was part of a delegation sent by Tehran to negotiate with Kurdish political and religious leaders. Although this delegation's recommendations were never implemented by the central government and Kurdish revolt was dealt with harshly, Forouhar's attempts to reach a peaceful settlement with Kurds earned him respect among Kurds.

Forouhar served as minister of labor in the interim government of Mehdi Bazargan in 1979.

Death

Forouhar and his wife, Parvaneh Eskandari Forouhar, were overt opponents of Velayet-e-Faqih (clerical theocracy) and under continuous surveillance. They were assassinated in their home in 1998. The murders, which are believed to have been politically motivated, remain unsolved, although the general belief is that the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence was involved and had ordered the killings. It is thought that the murders were provoked by Forouhar's criticism of human rights abuses by the Islamic Republic in interviews with Western radio stations that beamed Persian-language programs to Iran. This "brought them to the attention of Iran's ubiquitous intelligence service."

Under pressure from public opinion, the then Iranian president Mohammad Khatami formed a committee to follow up the case, which eventually asked for the resignation of the Minister of Intelligence, Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi. One of the main characters behind the case, Saeed Emami, reportedly committed suicide while in prison.

Shirin Ebadi, the lawyer of the Forouhars' relatives quoting Parastou says: "All evidence shows that my father was preparing himself to go to prison, because at the time of his slaying, his shoes had no laces, he did not wear his wrist watch and had his wallet emptied of its contents and papers except for some money."

Their murders brought to light a pattern known as the chain murders of Iran.

Personal life

Forouhar had two children. Son, Arash, and daughter, Parastou, are both politically active and continue to raise awareness of the plight of political dissidents in Iran. In 2009, Parastou signed an open letter of apology posted to Iranian.com along with 266 other Iranian academics, writers, artists, journalists about the persecution of Baháʼís.

References

  1. Mohammad Heydari (2008), "اخراجی‌های دولت", Shahrvand Magazine (in Persian), no. 43
  2. Rubin, Michael; Patrick Clawson (March 2006). "Patterns of Discontent: Will History Repeat in Iran?". Middle East Review of International Affairs. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
  3. ^ Alamdari, Kazem (2005). "The Power Structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran: transition from populism to clientelism, and militarization of the government" (PDF). Third World Quarterly. 26 (8): 1285–1301. doi:10.1080/01436590500336690. S2CID 54966626. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2013.
  4. iranian.com
  5. Forouhar
  6. globalsecurity.org
  7. globalsecurity.org 1999
  8. iranian.com Forouhar 2002
  9. Sciolino, Elaine, Persian Mirrors, Touchstone, (2000), p.234, ISBN 0743284798
  10. "We are ashamed!". The Iranian. 4 February 2009.

External links

Party political offices
Preceded byHassan-Ali Saremi Kalali Secretary-General of the Nation Party of Iran
1953–1998 		Succeeded byKhosrow Seif
VacantTitle last held byMohammad Ali Keshavarz Sadr Spokesperson of the National Front
1978–1979 		Succeeded byAsghar Parsa
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