Misplaced Pages

USCGC Crawford: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 19:23, 2 February 2014 editCuprum17 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Rollbackers18,310 edits Notes: remove unused ref← Previous edit Latest revision as of 18:13, 15 November 2024 edit undoBD2412 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, IP block exemptions, Administrators2,450,559 editsm clean up spacing around commas and other punctuation fixes, replaced: , → ,Tag: AWB 
(40 intermediate revisions by 12 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
{{uc}}
{{use dmy dates}} {|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}} {{Infobox ship image
| Ship image= ]
{{Infobox Ship Image
| Ship caption= ''Active'' class patrol boat, 1962
|Ship image=
|Ship caption=
}} }}
{{Infobox Ship Career {{Infobox ship career
|Hide header= |Hide header=
|Ship country=United States |Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United States|coast guard}} |Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United States|coast guard}}
|Ship name=USCGC ''Crawford'' |Ship name=USCGC ''Crawford''
|Ship namesake=],<ref name=USCG01>"Crawford, 1927", Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office</ref> |Ship namesake=], 7th United States Secretary of the Treasury<ref name=USCG01>"Crawford, 1927", Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office</ref>
|Ship owner= |Ship owner=
|Ship operator=U.S. Coast Guard |Ship operator=U.S. Coast Guard
Line 18: Line 17:
|Ship ordered= |Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded= |Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=], ], ] |Ship builder=], ]
|Ship original cost=$63,163 ]<ref name="USCG01" /> |Ship original cost={{USD}}63,163<ref name="USCG01" />
|Ship yard number= |Ship yard number=
|Ship way number= |Ship way number=
Line 31: Line 30:
|Ship recommissioned= |Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=15 August 1947 |Ship decommissioned=15 August 1947
|Ship fate=Donated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 28 November 1955. |Ship fate=*Donated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
*28 November 1955.<ref name=Scheina(1982)44>Scheina (1982), p 44</ref>
}} }}
{{Infobox Ship Characteristics {{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header= |Hide header=
|Header caption= |Header caption=
Line 40: Line 40:
|Ship tonnage= |Ship tonnage=
|Ship displacement=232 ]s (trial) |Ship displacement=232 ]s (trial)
|Ship tons burthen=
|Ship length={{convert|125|ft|m|abbr=on}} |Ship length={{convert|125|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|23|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{convert|23|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
Line 53: Line 52:
|Ship ice class= |Ship ice class=
|Ship power=After 1938 re-engining: 1,200 ] (0.9 ]) |Ship power=After 1938 re-engining: 1,200 ] (0.9 ])
|Ship propulsion=As built: Two 6-] 300 brake horsepower ]s<ref name="USCG01" /><br/>After 1938 re-engining: Two ] EN-8 600 brake horsepower diesel engines<ref name=Scheina(1982)44-49>Scheina (1982), pp 44–49</ref><br> Two 800 brake horsepower General Motors diesel engines<ref name=Canney57-61>Canney, pp 57–61</ref> |Ship propulsion=*As built: Two 6-] 300 brake horsepower ]s<ref name="USCG01" />
*After 1938 re-engining: Two 800 brake horsepower General Motors diesel engines<ref name=Scheina(1982)44-49>Scheina (1982), pp 44&ndash;49</ref>
*<ref name=Canney98-102>Canney, pp 98&ndash;102–61</ref>


|Ship sail plan= |Ship sail plan=
|Ship speed=As built: 10 knots<br/>In 1945: 12 ] (maximum); 7 knots (economical)<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" /> |Ship speed=*As built: 10 knots
*In 1945: 12 ] (maximum); 7 knots (economical)<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" />
|Ship range=In 1945: 2,900 nautical miles (5,370 kilometers) at 10 knots; 4,000 nautical miles (7,400 kilometers) at 7 knots<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" /> |Ship range=In 1945: 2,900 nautical miles (5,370 kilometers) at 10 knots; 4,000 nautical miles (7,400 kilometers) at 7 knots<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" />
|Ship endurance= |Ship endurance=
Line 63: Line 65:
|Ship capacity= |Ship capacity=
|Ship troops= |Ship troops=
|Ship complement=20 (3 officers, 17 enlisted men) (1930)<ref name="USCG01" /><br>46 (5 officers, 41 men) (1945)<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" /> |Ship complement=*20 (3 officers, 17 enlisted men) (1930)<ref name="USCG01" />
*46 (5 officers, 41 men) (1945)<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" />


|Ship crew= |Ship crew=
|Ship time to activate= |Ship time to activate=
|Ship sensors=Sonar (1945) QCO-1<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" /><br>Detection radar (1960) SPS-23<ref name="Canney57-61" /> |Ship sensors=*Sonar (1945) QCO-1<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" />
*Detection radar (1960) SPS-23<ref name="Canney98-102" />
|Ship EW= |Ship EW=
|Ship armament=In 1927: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-millimeter) 23-] gun<br/>In 1941: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun, 2 x ] tracks<br/>In 1945: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun , 2 x single 20-mm 80-caliber gun mounts, 2 x depth charge tracks, 2 x ]1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun<br/>In 1960: 1 x single 40-mm 60-caliber ] ]<ref name="Canney57-61" /> |Ship armament=*In 1927: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-millimeter) 23-] gun
*In 1941: 2 x ] tracks<ref name="Scheina(1982)44-49" />
*In 1945: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun, 2 x single 20-mm 80-caliber gun mounts, 2 x depth charge tracks, 2 x ]1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun
*In 1960: 1 x single 40-mm 60-caliber ] ]<ref name="Canney98-102" />


|Ship armour= |Ship armour=
Line 75: Line 82:
|Ship aircraft= |Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities= |Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=Sold 8 March 1963<ref name="Canney57-61" /> |Ship notes=
}} }}
|} |}


'''USCGC ''Crawford'' (WSC-134)''', was a {{convert|125|ft|m|abbr=on}} United States Coast Guard ] ] in commission from 1927 to 1947. She was named for ], (1772&ndash;1834) who was appointed in 1816 as ] by President ] through 1825. ''Crawford'' was the seventh vessel commissioned by the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service and the Coast Guard named after the former secretary. She served during the ] and ] performing defense, law enforcement, ice patrol, and search and rescue missions.<ref name="USCG01" /> '''USCGC ''Crawford'' (WSC-134)''', was a {{convert|125|ft|m|abbr=on}} United States Coast Guard ] ] in commission from 1927 to 1947. She was named for ], (1772&ndash;1834) who was appointed in 1816 as ] by President ] and he continued under President ] through 1825. ''Crawford'' was the seventh vessel commissioned by the ] and the Coast Guard named after the former secretary. She served during the ] and ] performing defense, law enforcement, ice patrol, and search and rescue missions.<ref name="USCG01" />


==Construction and commissioning== ==Construction and commissioning==
''Crawford'' was built by ] at ] and she was ] as USCGC ''Crawford'' (WSC-145) on 21 February 1927. She was the seventh of the ] patrol boats to be commissioned, which were designed for trailing the "mother ships" that supported the ] boats of "]s" during ]. The ''Active''-class ships were also referred to unofficially as the "Buck & a Quarter" class in reference to their {{convert|125|ft|m|abbr=on}} length.<ref name=Scheina(1990)57-60>Scheina (1990), pp 57–60</ref><ref name=Johnson88>Johnson, p 88</ref> ''Crawford'' was built by ] at ] and she was ] as USCGC ''Crawford'' (WSC-145) on 21 February 1927.<ref name=RoM408>"Record of Movements, Vessels of the United States Coast Guard, 1790–December 31, 1933", U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, p 408</ref> She was the seventh of the ] patrol boats to be commissioned, which were designed for trailing the "mother ships" that supported the ] boats of "]s" during ]. The ''Active''-class ships were also referred to unofficially as the "Buck & a Quarter" class in reference to their {{convert|125|ft|m|abbr=on}} length.<ref name=Scheina(1990)57-60>Scheina (1990), pp 57–60</ref><ref name=Johnson88>Johnson, p 88</ref>

==Patrol duties during the Depression==
''Crawford'' had been designed specifically for prohibition enforcement service and assumed ] duty 27 March 1927 with a temporary home-port of ] and later a permanent station on 28 September 1927 at ].<ref name="RoM408" /> Her routine consisted of picketing liquor laden "mother ships" and preventing them from offloading prohibited cargo to smaller contact boats that were used to deliver liquor to shore.<ref name=Johnson80>Johnson, p 80</ref> With the end of prohibition, she assumed a more traditional role of a Coast Guard cutter, that of search and rescue, law enforcement, merchant vessel inspection, and defense training.{{#tag:ref|The repeal of Prohibition was accomplished with the ratification of the ] on 5 December 1933.|group=Note}}<ref name=Canneyxiii>Canney, p xiii</ref> In 1937, ''Crawford'' was assigned the home-port of ]. In mid-1941 ''Crawford'' was converted for use to service ] due to a shortage of buoy tenders but was later transferred to ] control with patrol duties out of ] and reconfigured as a sub-chaser.<ref name=Scheina(1982)45>Scheina (1982), p 45</ref>

==World War II service==
''Crawford'' performed patrol duties out of Philadelphia but was later transferred to ], where she performed wartime anti-submarine patrols and convoy escort duty with the Navy Caribbean Sea Frontier Squadron. On 5 June 1944 she is credited with the rescue of survivors from a sunken merchant vessel. On 30 June she took in tow the torpedoed tanker SS ''Unimak''.<ref name=Scheina(1982)47>Scheina (1982), p 47</ref>

==Post-war service==
''Crawford'' was reassigned duties out of the Tenth Coast Guard District in June 1945 was released from Navy service on 1 January 1946.<ref name="Scheina(1982)47 "/> ''Crawford'' was decommissioned on 15 August 1947 and was donated to ] 28 November 1955.<ref name="Scheina(1982)44" />

==Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution==
]
After ''Crawford'' was transferred to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution she underwent a renovation at Munro Shipyard<!---now Fitzgerald Shipyard---> at ] to increase her fuel capacity. She worked in both North and South ] waters and was mainly used for working on hydrographic stations, long line fishing studies and in surveying sites for ]s. R/V ''Crawford'' made a total of 175 cruises for Woods Hole. Her capacity was 17 crew and 9 scientists. In 1970 she was sold to the ].<ref name=WHOI>"R/V ''Crawford'' 1956&ndash;1969", History of WHOI Ships, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution</ref>

==Later history==
On 13 May 1986 {{USCGC|Manitou|WPB-1302|6}} stopped the {{convert|125|ft|m|abbr=on}} M/V ''Sun Bird'' in Seventh District waters and her ] discovered {{convert|40,000|lb|kg|abbr=on}} of ] hidden aboard. The boarding team then located the vessel's ] and learned that the ''Sun Bird'' was the decommissioned "buck-and-a-quarter" cutter ''Crawford''. The former cutter and her 14-man crew were taken into custody. A newspaper article describing the incident noted:{{blockquote|If ''Crawford'' was a person, ] would have probably seen it blush . . . The ex-Coast Guard cutter received more publicity for smuggling the drugs than for its 20-year Coast Guard career.<ref name=USCG03>"13 May 1986", Daily Chronology of Coast Guard History, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office</ref>{{#tag:ref|It is not apparent from references used in the article when ''Crawford'' was disposed of by the University of Puerto Rico or to who she was transferred.|group=Note}}}}


==See also== ==See also==
] ]
{{Portal|United States Coast Guard}}


==Notes== ==Notes==
;Footnotes
{{reflist|group=Note}} {{reflist|group=Note}}

;Citations ==Citations==
{{reflist|}} {{reflist|}}


==References==
{{refbegin|}}
===Books===
;Websites cited
* {{cite web|title=Crawford, 1927|url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Crawford1927.asp|work=Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels|publisher=U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office|accessdate=2 February 2014|format=asp}}
* {{cite web|title=Record of Movements, Vessels of the United States Coast Guard, 1790–December 31, 1933|publisher=U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation|url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/articles/RecordofMovements.pdf|format=pdf|accessdate=2 February 2014}}
;References cited
* {{cite book|last=Canney|first=Donald L.|title=U.S. Coast Guard and Revenue Cutters, 1790–1935|year=1995|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-55750-101-1}} * {{cite book|last=Canney|first=Donald L.|title=U.S. Coast Guard and Revenue Cutters, 1790–1935|year=1995|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-55750-101-1}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Flynn |first1=Jim |last2=Lortz |first2=Ed |last3=Lukas |first3=Holger |title=Answer 39/48 |journal=Warship International |date=March 2018 |volume=LV |issue=January 2018 |pages=23–25 |issn=0043-0374}}
* {{cite book|last=Johnson|first=Robert Irwin|year=1987|title=Guardians of the Sea, History of the United States Coast Guard, 1915 to the Present|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-0-87021-720-3}} * {{cite book|last=Johnson|first=Robert Irwin|year=1987|title=Guardians of the Sea, History of the United States Coast Guard, 1915 to the Present|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-0-87021-720-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/guardiansofseahi00john}}
* {{cite book|last=Scheina|first=Robert L.|year=1982|title=U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft of World War II|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-0-87021-717-3}} * {{cite book|last=Scheina|first=Robert L.|year=1982|title=U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft of World War II|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-0-87021-717-3}}
* {{cite book|last=Scheina|first=Robert L.|year=1990|title=U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft, 1946–1990|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-0-87021-719-7}} * {{cite book|last=Scheina|first=Robert L.|year=1990|title=U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft, 1946–1990|publisher=Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-0-87021-719-7}}

{{refend}}
===Websites===
* {{cite web|title=13 May 1986|url=https://www.history.uscg.mil/research/chronology/|work=Daily Chronology of Coast Guard History|publisher=U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office|access-date=17 December 2023}}
* {{cite web|title=Crawford, 1927|url=https://www.history.uscg.mil/Browse-by-Topic/Assets/Water/All/Article/2440765/crawford-1927-wsc-134/|work=Browse by topic, Assets, Water|publisher=U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office|access-date=17 December 2023}}
* {{cite web|title=Record of Movements, Vessels of the United States Coast Guard, 1790–December 31, 1933 (Revised edition, 1989|publisher=U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation|url=https://media.defense.gov/2020/Mar/09/2002261298/-1/-1/0/USCG_RECORD_OF_MOVEMENTS.PDF|format=pdf|access-date=17 December 2023}}
* {{cite web|title=R/V ''Crawford'' 1956&ndash;1969|url=https://www.whoi.edu/multimedia/crawford/|work=History of WHOI Ships|publisher=Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution|access-date=17 December 2023}}


{{Active class patrol boat}} {{Active class patrol boat}}
Line 110: Line 135:
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 18:13, 15 November 2024

Active class patrol boat, 1962Active class patrol boat, 1962
History
United States
NameUSCGC Crawford
NamesakeWilliam H. Crawford, 7th United States Secretary of the Treasury
OperatorU.S. Coast Guard
BuilderAmerican Brown Boveri Electric Corporation, Camden, New Jersey
CostUS$63,163
Launched27 January 1927
Commissioned21 February 1927
Decommissioned15 August 1947
Fate
  • Donated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
  • 28 November 1955.
General characteristics
Class and typeActive-class patrol boat
Displacement232 tons (trial)
Length125 ft (38 m)
Beam23 ft 6 in (7.16 m)
Draft7 ft 6 in (2.29 m)
Installed powerAfter 1938 re-engining: 1,200 brake horsepower (0.9 megawatt)
Propulsion
  • As built: Two 6-cylinder 300 brake horsepower diesel engines
  • After 1938 re-engining: Two 800 brake horsepower General Motors diesel engines
Speed
  • As built: 10 knots
  • In 1945: 12 knots (maximum); 7 knots (economical)
RangeIn 1945: 2,900 nautical miles (5,370 kilometers) at 10 knots; 4,000 nautical miles (7,400 kilometers) at 7 knots
Complement
  • 20 (3 officers, 17 enlisted men) (1930)
  • 46 (5 officers, 41 men) (1945)
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Sonar (1945) QCO-1
  • Detection radar (1960) SPS-23
Armament
  • In 1927: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-millimeter) 23-caliber gun
  • In 1941: 2 x depth charge tracks
  • In 1945: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun, 2 x single 20-mm 80-caliber gun mounts, 2 x depth charge tracks, 2 x Mousetraps1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun
  • In 1960: 1 x single 40-mm 60-caliber antiaircraft gun mount

USCGC Crawford (WSC-134), was a 125 ft (38 m) United States Coast Guard Active-class patrol boat in commission from 1927 to 1947. She was named for William H. Crawford, (1772–1834) who was appointed in 1816 as Secretary of the Treasury by President James Madison and he continued under President James Monroe through 1825. Crawford was the seventh vessel commissioned by the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service and the Coast Guard named after the former secretary. She served during the Rum Patrol and World War II performing defense, law enforcement, ice patrol, and search and rescue missions.

Construction and commissioning

Crawford was built by American Brown Boveri Electric Corporation at Camden, New Jersey and she was commissioned as USCGC Crawford (WSC-145) on 21 February 1927. She was the seventh of the Active-class patrol boats to be commissioned, which were designed for trailing the "mother ships" that supported the smuggling boats of "rum-runners" during Prohibition. The Active-class ships were also referred to unofficially as the "Buck & a Quarter" class in reference to their 125 ft (38 m) length.

Patrol duties during the Depression

Crawford had been designed specifically for prohibition enforcement service and assumed Rum Patrol duty 27 March 1927 with a temporary home-port of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan and later a permanent station on 28 September 1927 at Two Harbors, Minnesota. Her routine consisted of picketing liquor laden "mother ships" and preventing them from offloading prohibited cargo to smaller contact boats that were used to deliver liquor to shore. With the end of prohibition, she assumed a more traditional role of a Coast Guard cutter, that of search and rescue, law enforcement, merchant vessel inspection, and defense training. In 1937, Crawford was assigned the home-port of Buffalo, New York. In mid-1941 Crawford was converted for use to service aids-to-navigation due to a shortage of buoy tenders but was later transferred to U.S. Navy control with patrol duties out of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and reconfigured as a sub-chaser.

World War II service

Crawford performed patrol duties out of Philadelphia but was later transferred to San Juan, Puerto Rico, where she performed wartime anti-submarine patrols and convoy escort duty with the Navy Caribbean Sea Frontier Squadron. On 5 June 1944 she is credited with the rescue of survivors from a sunken merchant vessel. On 30 June she took in tow the torpedoed tanker SS Unimak.

Post-war service

Crawford was reassigned duties out of the Tenth Coast Guard District in June 1945 was released from Navy service on 1 January 1946. Crawford was decommissioned on 15 August 1947 and was donated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 28 November 1955.

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

R/V Crawford at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

After Crawford was transferred to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution she underwent a renovation at Munro Shipyard at Boston, Massachusetts to increase her fuel capacity. She worked in both North and South Atlantic Ocean waters and was mainly used for working on hydrographic stations, long line fishing studies and in surveying sites for Texas towers. R/V Crawford made a total of 175 cruises for Woods Hole. Her capacity was 17 crew and 9 scientists. In 1970 she was sold to the University of Puerto Rico.

Later history

On 13 May 1986 USCGC Manitou stopped the 125 ft (38 m) M/V Sun Bird in Seventh District waters and her boarding team discovered 40,000 lb (18,000 kg) of marijuana hidden aboard. The boarding team then located the vessel's builder's plate and learned that the Sun Bird was the decommissioned "buck-and-a-quarter" cutter Crawford. The former cutter and her 14-man crew were taken into custody. A newspaper article describing the incident noted:

If Crawford was a person, Miami would have probably seen it blush . . . The ex-Coast Guard cutter received more publicity for smuggling the drugs than for its 20-year Coast Guard career.

See also

Rum Patrol

Notes

  1. The repeal of Prohibition was accomplished with the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment on 5 December 1933.
  2. It is not apparent from references used in the article when Crawford was disposed of by the University of Puerto Rico or to who she was transferred.

Citations

  1. ^ "Crawford, 1927", Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
  2. ^ Scheina (1982), p 44
  3. ^ Scheina (1982), pp 44–49
  4. ^ Canney, pp 98–102–61
  5. ^ "Record of Movements, Vessels of the United States Coast Guard, 1790–December 31, 1933", U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, p 408
  6. Scheina (1990), pp 57–60
  7. Johnson, p 88
  8. Johnson, p 80
  9. Canney, p xiii
  10. Scheina (1982), p 45
  11. ^ Scheina (1982), p 47
  12. "R/V Crawford 1956–1969", History of WHOI Ships, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
  13. "13 May 1986", Daily Chronology of Coast Guard History, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office

References

Books

Websites

Active-class patrol boats
Categories: