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{{Short description|South Korean railway system}}
{{Refimprove|date=February 2014}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=January 2022}}
{{Expand Korean|date=September 2021|topic=transp}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox public transit {{Infobox public transit
|name = Seoul Metropolitan Subway | name = Seoul Metropolitan Subway
|image = South Korea subway logo.svg | image = Seoul-metro-2009-20180916-103548.jpg
|imagesize = 75px | imagesize = 300px
| caption = ] train on ]
|image2 =
| native_name = 수도권 전철 / 首都圈電鐵<br>''Romanizations see box below''
|imagesize2 = 225px
| owner = ], ], ], ], ], ]
|locale = ], ]<br /><small>], ], ], ]</small>
| area served =
|transit_type = ]
| locale = ]
|began_operation = August 15, 1974
| transit_type = ], ]
|ended_operation =
| lines = 23
|system_length = {{convert|981.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}<br/><small>{{convert|952.3|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{citation needed|date=February 2014}} excluding Everline and U Line
|lines = 19 | line_number =
|vehicles = | start =
| end =
|stations = 615 total{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}<br/>585 stations excluding Everline and U Line or 493 if transfer stations are counted as one{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}
| stations = 768
|ridership = 9.8 million (2012)
| ridership =
|annual_ridership = 3,587 million (2012)<ref> and </ref>
| annual_ridership = 1.91 billion (2017, Lines 1-9, Seoul Subway)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seoulmetro.co.kr/kr/board.do?menuIdx=548|title=자료실 : 알림마당>자료실>자료실|website=www.seoulmetro.co.kr}}</ref> <br> 1.16 billion (2017, Korail)<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ko:수송현황 - 통계 - 량|language=ko|trans-title=Transportation status - statistics - volume |url=http://info.korail.com/mbs/www/subview.jsp?id=www_020203010000|website=]|archive-date=14 November 2021|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114195731/http://info.korail.com/mbs/www/subview.jsp?id=www_020203010000}}</ref>
|track_gauge = {{RailGauge|sg}}
| chief_executive =
|marks =
| website =
|operator = ], ], ], ], and private rapid transit operators
| began_operation = {{Start date and age|df=y|1974|08|15}}
|owner = ], ], ], ], ]
| operator = ], ], ], and private rapid transit operators
|map = ]
| marks =
| character =
| vehicles =
| system_length = {{convert|1302.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} (all lines)
| track_gauge = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| el =
| map = ]
| map_state =
}} }}
{{Infobox Korean name
|context = south
|hangul = {{linktext|수도권 |전철}}
|hanja = {{linktext|首都圈 |電鐵}}
|mr = Sudokwŏn Chŏnch'ŏl
|rr = Sudogwon Jeoncheol
}}

The '''Seoul Metropolitan Subway''' ({{Korean|hangul=수도권 전철}}) is a ] system consisting of 23 ], ], ] and ] lines located in northwest ]. The system serves most of the ] including the ] metropolis and satellite cities in ]. Some ] lines in the network stretch out beyond the Seoul Metropolitan Area to rural areas in northern ] and western ], that lie over {{Cvt|100|km}} away from the capital.<ref> See p.400 for Seoul Metropolitan Subway (수도권 전철). {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227072212/http://www.korail.com/file/statistics/2012/2012-04.pdf |date=27 February 2014 }}</ref>

The network consists of multiple systems that form a larger, coherent system. These being the Seoul Metro proper, consisting of Seoul Metro lines 1 through 9 and certain light rail lines, that serves ] city proper and its surroundings; Korail ] lines, which serve the ] and beyond; ] lines, operated by ], that serve ] city proper; and miscellaneous light rail lines, such as ] and ], that connect lower-density areas of their respective cities to the rest of the network.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mltm.go.kr/USR/policyData/m_34681/dtl.jsp?id=422|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425051744/http://mltm.go.kr/USR/policyData/m_34681/dtl.jsp?id=422|url-status=dead|title=Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs of South Korea: Definition of Urban Rail and Wide-area Rail|archive-date=25 April 2012}}</ref> Most of the system is operated by three companies – ], ] (Korea Railroad Corporation), and ] – with the rest being operated by an assortment of local municipal corporations and private rail companies.

Its first metro line, ], started construction in 1971 and began operations in 1974, with ] to Korail's suburban railways. As of 2022, the network has {{convert|331.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} of track on lines 1–9 alone.

Most of the trains were built by ], South Korea's leading train manufacturer.

==Overview==
The first line of the Seoul Subway network started construction in 1971.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://futureheritage.seoul.go.kr/web/investigate/HeritageView.do?htId=1503&pageIdx=41&rowsPerPage=8&searchGu=&searchBunya=&searchGubun=&searchContents=&searchCategory=|title=서울 지하철 1호선|publisher=]|access-date=25 August 2015|language=ko}}</ref> The first section of subway was built using the cheaper ] construction method. Initial lines relied heavily on Japanese technology, and subsequent lines (until the early-2000s) procured technological imports from Japan and the United Kingdom (in particular, ] equipment used on wide-width Lines 2, 3 and 4 rolling stock from the 1980s).<ref>{{Cite web|last=scaadmin|date=31 July 2015|title= Construction of the Seoul Metro – the Driver behind Sustainable Urban Growth & Change|url=https://www.seoulsolution.kr/en/content/metro-construction-seoul-metro-%E2%80%93-driver-behind-sustainable-urban-growth-change|access-date=27 July 2020|website=서울아카이브 Seoul Solution|language=en}}</ref> For example, Line 1 opened in 1974 with ] joining surrounding ] suburban railway lines influenced by the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2011/02/117_81284.html|title=Seoul's first subway line opened in 1974|work=]|access-date=25 July 2014|date=13 February 2011}}</ref> Today, many of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway's lines are operated by Korail, South Korea's national rail operator.<ref>{{cite web |title=Introducing Korail |url=http://www.korail.com/ |publisher=] |access-date=23 February 2014}}</ref>

The subway has free ] accessible in all stations and trains.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-22010533 |title=Underground world: Seoul's 'super highway' v London's 'rude tube' |newspaper=] |date=3 April 2013 |access-date=12 July 2013}}</ref> All stations have ]. These safety doors were completed by 2017, however many stations previously had metal barriers installed decades beforehand.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cafe.naver.com/smartvip/93554|title=대중교통 커뮤니티 - SBM (철도, 버스 이용자들의 공간) : 네이버 카페|website=cafe.naver.com|access-date=27 March 2018}}</ref> The world's first virtual mart for ] users opened at ] in 2011.

All directional signs in the system are written in ] using ], as well as English and ]/] for Japanese and Mandarin Chinese. However the maps on the walls are in Korean and English only. In the trains, there are in addition many LCD screens giving service announcements, upcoming stop names, ] news, stock prices and animated shorts. There are also prerecorded voice announcements that give the upcoming station, any possible line transfer, and the exiting side in Korean, followed by English. At major stations, this is followed by ], then ], as well.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seoul Metropolitan Subway |url=https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/seoul-metro/ |website=Railway Technology |access-date=16 June 2022}}</ref>

Seoul Subway uses full-color LCD screens at all stations to display real-time subway arrival times,<ref name="etnews" /> which are also available on apps for smartphones.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.imagedrome.jihachul&hl=en |title=Subway Korea - Android Apps on Google Play |author=Malang Studio Co. Ltd |work=google.com}}</ref> Most trains have digital TV screens, and all of them have air conditioning and climate controlled seats installed that are automatically heated in the winter. In 2014, it became the world's first metro operator to use transparent displays for ads when it installed 48 transparent displays on major stations of ] in ].<ref name="etnews">{{cite news |url=http://www.etnews.com/20150313000128 |title=낙후한 지하철 1~4호선, 첨단 디스플레이 기술로 새단장 나선다 |work=etnews |language=ko |trans-title=1-4 outdated subway line, state-of-the-art display technology sets out renovation |date=15 March 2015 |access-date=21 April 2015}}</ref>
All lines use the ] using ] and ] technology for automatic payment by ], ], or ] and one can transfer to any of the other line within the system for free.<ref group="Note">With the exception of ] on ] (extra charge applied depending on distance) and ] (extra charge of 500~1900 KRW depending on the sections used). ] and ] will allow free transfers from 2014.</ref>

Trains on numbered lines and light rail lines generally ], while trains on the named heavy-rail lines (e.g. ], ], and ]) run on the left-hand track. The exceptions are the trains on ], as well as those on ] south of ]. These lines run on the left-hand track because these rail lines are government-owned via Korail or through-run to government-owned lines and follow a different standard to the metro, one that is followed by all national rail lines (with the exception of the otherwise self-contained ]) because much of the Korean Peninsula's early rail network was constructed during ].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=110&oid=021&aid=0000149835 |title=<오후여담>좌측통행 |author=문화일보 |work=] |publisher=Naver Corp. |language=ko |trans-title=<Afternoon digression> left side of the road |date=16 May 2006 |access-date=21 April 2015}}</ref>

==History==
], from ] to ] and ], opened on 15 August 1974. On 9 December 1978, the ]-] line via ] (now part of the ]) was added to Line 1. ] opened on 10 October 1980. ] opened on 20 April 1985, and
] on 12 July. On 1 April 1994, the ]-] extension of Line 4 opened. The ], from ] to ], opened on 1 September. On 15 November 1995, ] opened. The ]-] extension of Line 3 opened on 30 January 1996. On 20 March, the ]-] extension of Line 2 opened. ] opened on 11 October, and ] on 23 November. On 6 October 1999, ] opened.


] opened on 7 August 2000. In 2004 the fare system reverted to charging by distance, and free bus transfers were introduced. The ]-] extension of Line 1 opened on 20 January 2005. On 16 December, the ] from ] to ] opened. The ]-] extension of Line 1 opened and shuttle service from ] to ] began (with the route now shortened from ] to ]) on 15 December 2006. On 23 March 2007, ] opened.<ref>{{cite web |date=2007-03-21 |title=Incheon-Gimpo Airports Train to Open Friday |url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2007/03/21/2007032161019.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115720/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2007/03/21/2007032161019.html |archive-date=2014-08-26 |access-date=2014-08-23 |publisher=]}}</ref> The ]-] extension of the Jungang Line opened on 27 December. On 15 December 2008, the ]-] extension of Line 1 opened. The magnetic paper ticket changed to an ]-based card on 1 May 2009. On 1 July the ] from ] to ] opened, and on 24 July ] from ] to ] opened.
The '''Seoul Metropolitan Subway''' has been described as the world's ] by ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.railway-technology.com/features/featurethe-worlds-longest-metro-and-subway-systems-4144725 |title=The world's longest metro and subway systems |publisher=Railway-technology.com |accessdate=2014-02-20}}</ref> It consists of 19 lines that serve the ], although legally and universally, only 17 lines excluding ] and ] are currently recognized as part of the system by the official operators.<ref>The general provisions of , and all define Seoul Metropolitan Subway as follows:<br> 제3조(정의) Article 3 (Definition)
5. "도시철도"라 함은 도시철도법에 따라 서울메트로구간과 연락운송하는 노선(이하 "도시철도구간"이라 합니다) 및 그 부대설비, 열차 등을 통틀어 말합니다..<br /> Translation: The metro, as constituted by the metro law, refers to the jointly operated lines with Seoul Metro (called "sections of metro" from now) and its supplementary equipments, trains and etc. collectively.<br />
4. "연락운송"이라 함은 도시철도법 제17조에 따라 서울메트로구간과 한국철도광역전철구간, 서울도시철도구간, 인천교통공사구간, 서울시메트로9호선구간, 코레일공항철도 검암~서울역, 신분당선구간을 서로 연속하여 여객을 운송하는 것을 말합니다..<br />
Translation: "Joint operation", as defined by metro law Article 17, refers to the continuous transport of passengers by the sections of ], ], ], ], ], ] ]~] and ]</ref>
<ref> 제3조(정의) 이 약관에서 사용하는 용어의 정의는 다음 각 호와 같습니다.<br /> Translation: Article 3 (Definition) The definition of the term used in this clause is as follows.<br />
1. “수도권 도시철도”란 인천교통공사, 서울메트로, 서울특별시도시철도공사, 서울시메트로9호선(주), 코레일공항철도(주), 신분당선(주)가 운영하는 구간 및 한국철도공사가 운영하는 광역전철 구간을 말합니다.<br />
Translation: "Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit" refers to the sections of metropolitan subways operated by ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].<br />
〈 개정 (Amended) 2009. 8. 20, 2009. 10. 5, 2011. 7. 15, 2011. 12. 23, 2012. 2. 21 〉</ref>
<ref> 제2조(정의) 이 약관에서 사용하는 용어의 정의는 다음과 같습니다.<br /> Translation: The definition of the terms used in this provision is as follows.<br />
“수도권도시철도”라 함은 서울메트로, 서울특별시도시철도공사, 인천교통공사, 서울시메트로9호선(주), 신분당선(주)가 운영하는 도시철도구간 및 한국철도공사가 운영하는 광역전철구간을 말합니다. <개정 ‘13.12.13>.<br />
Translation: "Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit" refers to the sections of metro operated by ], ], ], ] and ] and metropolitan subways operated by ]. <Amended ‘13.12.13></ref>


The ]-] extension of Line 1 opened on 26 February 2010, and the ] opened on 21 December. On 28 October 2011, the ] from ] to ] opened. The ], from ] to ], opened on 30 June 2012. The ] opened on 1 July, the ]-] extension of Line 7 on 27 October and the ]-] extension of the ] on 15 December, and on 26 April 2013, ] opened. On 27 December 2014, the ] was extended to ] and started through running to the ], forming the ]. The ]-] extension of Line 9 opened on 28 March 2015. On 30 January 2016 the ]-] extension of the ] opened, followed by the ]-] extension of the ] on 27 February. ] opened on 30 July, and the ] on 24 September. The ] is extended one station east to ] on 21 January 2017, with 4 round trips to Jipyeong station. On 16 June 2018 the ] opened. ] on Line 9 became an interchange station with AREX on 29 September 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.edaily.co.kr/news/news_detail.asp?newsId=02532166615865944&mediaCodeNo=257|title=내년 지하철 9호선 마곡나루역 급행역사로 전환|date=22 March 2017|website=이데일리|access-date=27 March 2018}}</ref> Bundang line was extended northeastward to Cheongnyangni station, allowing for connections to the Gyeongchun Line and regional rail services on 31 December 2018. On 28 September 2019, the ] opened.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.railjournal.com/regions/asia/seoul-gimpo-gold-line-automated-light-metro-opens/|title = Seoul Gimpo Gold Line automated light metro opens|date = 30 September 2019}}</ref> On 12 September 2020, the Suin Line extension between ] and ], beginning the interlining with ] between ] and Hanyang Univ. at Ansan, as well as through-running with the ] to form the ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-13 |title='추억의 꼬마열차' 수인선 수도권 남서지역 다시 누빈다 |url=http://www.seoulilbo.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=434863 |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=서울일보 |language=ko}}</ref> On May 24, 2022, the ] opened, becoming the newest addition to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Burroughs |first=David |date=2022-06-07 |title=Seoul's Sillim Line rubber-tyred metro opens |url=https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/metros/seouls-sillim-line-rubber-tyred-metro-opens/ |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=International Railway Journal |language=en-GB}}</ref>
The system is rated the world's best subway system by ],<ref></ref> nicknamed "super highway" by the ].<ref>. Bbc.co.uk (2013-04-03). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> It is notable for its cleanliness and ease of use. Seoul Subway introduced the world's first commercially used ] called ] and advanced technology such as ], ], ], and ] accessible in all stations and moving subway cars. Most trains have digital TV screens, and all of them have air conditioning and climate controlled seats installed that are automatically heated in the winter. All ], ], ],<ref>With the exception of ].</ref> ], ] and ] stations have screen doors installed along with major stations operated by ] and ].<ref>. Koreatimes.co.kr (2009-05-05). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> Since 2010, all Seoul Metro stations feature the world's largest digital signage service,<ref>. Tunpark.blog.me. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> which are smartphone-like 46" touchscreen kiosk stands called Digital View provided by ] that have many apps such as maps having a ]-like feature, tourist guides, and free phone calls. The world's first virtual mart for ] users opened at ] in 2011.<ref></ref>


==Lines and branches==
All lines use the ] utilizing ] and ] technology for automatic payment by ], ], or ] and one can transfer to any of the other line within the system for free.<ref>With the exception of ] on ] (extra charge applied depending on distance) and ] (extra flat charge of 700KRW). ] and ] will allow free transfers from 2014.</ref>
The system is organized such that numbered lines, with some exceptions, are considered as urban rapid transit lines located within the ] (SNCA), whereas wide-area commuter lines operated by Korail provide a metro-like commuter rail service that usually extends far beyond the boundaries of the SNCA, rather similar to the ] in ]. The AREX is an ] that links ] and ] to central Seoul, and offers both express service directly to Incheon International Airport and all-stop commuter service for people living along the vicinity of the line. While operating hours may vary depending on the line and station in question, the Seoul Metropolitan Subway generally operates every day from 5.30 a.m. until midnight,<ref>https://english.visitseoul.net/transportation</ref> with some lines operated by Seoul Metro ending services around 1 a.m. on weekdays.<ref>https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/05/29/national/socialAffairs/Korea-subway-Seoul/20220529174025996.html</ref>


]
Real-time subway arrival times are available for all lines provided through giant LCD screens at all stations, along with apps for smartphones. All directional signs in the system are written in both Korean and English. Station signs and some maps also display ]. In the trains, the prerecorded voice announcement that states the upcoming station, any possible line transfer, and the exiting side are all in Korean, followed by those in English. On major stations, this is also followed by the announcement in Japanese, then in Mandarin Chinese.


{| class="wikitable sortable"
==Lines & Channels==
{{Refimprove section|date=February 2014}}
] on ] and ].]]
] on ].]]
] on ].]]
] on ].]]
] on ].]]
] on ].]]
{| class="wikitable" style="border:solid 2px black"
|- |-
| style="width:100pt;"| <center>'''Line Name'''<br/><small>English</small></center> ! style="width:100pt;"| Line name
! style="width:350pt;" colspan=2| Terminus (Ascending / Descending)
| style="width:100pt;"| <center>'''Line Name'''<br/><small>]</small></center>
| style="width:175pt;"| <center>'''Starting Station(s)'''</center> ! style="width:50pt;"| Stations
!Color
| style="width:175pt;"| <center>'''Ending Station(s)'''</center>
| style="width:50pt;"| <center>'''Stations'''</center> ! style="width:50pt;" | Total length
| style="width:50pt;"| <center>'''Total Length''' ! style="width:50pt;"| Opening Year
| style="width:175pt;"| <center>'''Operator'''</center> ! style="width:50pt;"| Last Extension
|- style = "background:#606060; height: 0pt" ! style="width:175pt;"| Operator
! style="width:175pt;"| Owner
| colspan = "7" |
|- |-
| style="text-align:center"| {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=1|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s01}}</center>
| ] / {{stn|Uijeongbu}} / {{stn|Kwangwoon University}} / {{stn|Yeongdeungpo}}
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] / ] / ] / ]
| ]
| 102<ref group="Note">Of which 92 are operated by Korail and 10 by Seoul Metro.</ref>
| ] / ] / ] / ]
|Dark blue
| 98
| 218.3&nbsp;km<ref name="Korail-Metro">{{cite web|url=http://info.korail.com/mbs/english/subview.jsp?id=english_050202000000|title=Metro Lines & Trains in Operation|publisher=]|access-date=25 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats">{{cite web |url=http://infra.seoul.go.kr/archives/1092 |script-title=ko:지하철건설현황 |publisher=Seoul City Government |language=ko |trans-title=Status of Subway Construction |access-date=22 February 2014}}</ref><ref group="Note">Of which 210.5&nbsp;km is operated by Korail and 7.8&nbsp;km by Seoul Metro.</ref>
| 200.6&nbsp;km
| 1974
| 2023
| ] / ] | ] / ]
| ] / ]
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=2|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s02}}</center>
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] / ] / ] | ] / ] / ]
| ] / ] / ] | ] / ] / ]
| 51 | 51
|Green
| 60.2&nbsp;km
| 60.2&nbsp;km<ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats" /> {{Obsolete source|reason=Page does not load|date=May 2021}}
| 1980
| 1996
| ] | ]
| Seoul Metropolitan Government
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=3|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s03}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 44<ref group="Note">Of which 10 are operated by Korail and 34 by Seoul Metro.</ref>
| ]
|Orange
| 43
| 57.4&nbsp;km<ref name="Korail-Metro" /><ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats" /><ref group="Note">Of which 19.2&nbsp;km is operated by Korail and 38.2&nbsp;km by Seoul Metro.</ref>
| 57.4&nbsp;km
| 1985
| ] / ]
| 2010
| rowspan=1| ] / ]
| rowspan="2" | Government of South Korea / Seoul Metropolitan Government
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=4|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s04}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 51<ref group="Note">Of which 25 are operated by Korail and 26 by Seoul Metro.</ref>
| ]
|Light blue
| 48
| 85.7&nbsp;km<ref name="Korail-Metro" /><ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats" /><ref group="Note">Of which 40.4&nbsp;km is operated by Korail and 45.3&nbsp;km by Seoul Metro.</ref>
| 71.5&nbsp;km
| 1985
| ] / ]
| 2022
| rowspan=1| ] / ] / Namyangju City Urban Corporation
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=5|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s05}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] / ]
| ]
| 56
| ] / ]
|Purple/Violet
| 51
| 52.3&nbsp;km | 63.0&nbsp;km<ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats" />
| 1995
| ]
| 2021
| rowspan=2| ]
| rowspan="2" | Seoul Metropolitan Government
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=6|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s06}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 39
| ]
|Ocher<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=자료실 : 알림마당>자료실>자료실 |url=http://www.seoulmetro.co.kr/kr/board.do?menuIdx=548&bbsIdx=2207411 |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.seoulmetro.co.kr}}</ref>
| 38
| 35.1&nbsp;km | 36.4&nbsp;km<ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats" />
| 2000
| ]
| 2019
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=7|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s07}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ]
| ]
| 53
| ]
| Olive green<ref name=":0" />
| 51
| 57.1&nbsp;km | 60.1&nbsp;km<ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats" />
| 1996
| ]
| 2021
| ] / ]
| Seoul Metropolitan Government / ] / ]
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=8|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s08}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 24
| ]
|Pink
| 17
| 17.7&nbsp;km | 31.1&nbsp;km<ref name="Seoul-Subway-stats" />
| 1996
| ]
| 2024
| ]
| rowspan="2" | Seoul Metropolitan Government
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=9|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|s09}}</center>
| ] / {{stn|Gimpo International Airport}}<ref group="Note">While Gaehwa is the official terminus, express trains only run to ]</ref>
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ]
| ]
| 38
| ]
|Gold
| 25
| 27.0&nbsp;km | 40.6&nbsp;km
| 2009
| ]
| 2018
| ] / ]
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=AREX|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|arx}}</center>
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| ] | ]
| 10 | 14
| Sea blue<ref name=":0" />
| 58.0&nbsp;km
| 63.8&nbsp;km
| ]
| 2007
| 2018
| Airport Railroad Co., Ltd.
| rowspan="4" | Government of South Korea
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Gyeongjung|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|junl}}</center>
| ] / {{stn|Imjingang}} / {{stn|Munsan}}
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ] / ]
| 57
| ]
| Jade<ref name=":0" />
| 28
| 137.8&nbsp;km<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_national/670732.html|title=Southern portion of inter-Korean railway to reopen|date=25 December 2014|publisher=]|access-date=25 August 2015}}</ref>
| 71.2&nbsp;km
| 2005
| ]
| 2021
| rowspan="3" | ]
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Gyeongchun|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|gyel}}</center>
| {{stn|Sangbong}} / ] / ]<ref group="Note">Most trains run until Sangbong, very few trains operate to Kwangwoon Univ. and a few trains run to Cheongnyangni (However, express trains always go to Cheongnyangni)</ref>
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ]
| ] / ]
| 24
| ]
|Teal<ref name=":0" />
| 23
| 50.8&nbsp;km | 81.3&nbsp;km<ref name="Korail-Metro" />
| 2010
| ]
| 2016
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Suin–Bundang|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|chunl}}</center>
| {{stn|Wangsimni}} / ]<ref group="Note">Most trains run until Wangsimni and a few trains run to Cheongnyangni</ref>
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 63
| ]
| Orange-yellow
| 22
| 104.6&nbsp;km<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kojects.com/2013/11/30/final-bundang-line-extension/|title=Final Bundang Line Extension Opens|publisher=Kojects|access-date=26 August 2014|date=30 November 2013}}</ref>
| 80.7&nbsp;km
| 1994
| ]
| 2020
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Ui|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|bunl}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 15
| ]
| Light gold
| 36
| 11.4&nbsp;km<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ui-line.com/html/comIntro/comIntro03/comIntro_03_00.php|title=우이신설도시철도에 오신결 환영합니다.|website=www.ui-line.com|access-date=27 March 2018}}</ref>
| 52.9&nbsp;km
| 2017
| ]
| {{sort dash}}
| UiTrans LRT Co., Ltd.
| rowspan="2" | Seoul Metropolitan Government
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{rail color box| system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway| line=Sillim|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|sul}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 11
| ]
| Seoul Sky blue<ref name=":0" />
| 9
| 13.1&nbsp;km | 7.8&nbsp;km
| 2022
| ]
| {{sort dash}}
| South Seoul LRT Co., Ltd.
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Shinbundang|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|sinl}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 16
| ]
| Red<ref name=":0" />
| 6
| 33.4&nbsp;km<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shinbundang.co.kr/index.jsp?pageID=/dxline/dxline7_1.jsp&open_main=1&open_sub1=8&open_sub2=0|title=무인운전 시스템의 장점|publisher=Shinbundang Line & NeoTrans|language=ko|access-date=25 July 2014}}</ref>
| 17.3&nbsp;km
| 2011
| ]
| 2022
| Shinbundang Railroad Corporation / Gyeonggi Railroad Co., Ltd. / New Seoul Railroad Co., Ltd. / ]
| Government of South Korea
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Incheon Subway|line=1|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|i01}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ]
| ]
| 30
| ]
| Light blue<ref name=":0" />
| 29
| 29.4&nbsp;km | 30.3&nbsp;km
| 1999
| ]
| 2020
| rowspan="2" | ]
| rowspan="2" | ]
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Incheon Subway|line=2|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|ever}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ] | ]
| 27
| ]
| Light orange<ref name=":0" />
| 15
| 18.1&nbsp;km | 29.1&nbsp;km
| 2016
| ]
| {{sort dash}}
|- |-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Everline|inline=yes}}
| <center>{{SMS line links|uij}}</center>
| ]
| {{lang|ko|]}}
| ]
| ]
| ]
| 15 | 15
|Green<ref name=":0" />
| 11.1&nbsp;km
| 18.1&nbsp;km<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ever-line.co.kr/everline/bbs/content.php?co_id=everline|title=노선안내|publisher=Yongin Rapid Transit Corporation|access-date=25 July 2014|language=ko|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810222755/http://www.ever-line.co.kr/everline/bbs/content.php?co_id=everline|archive-date=10 August 2014}}</ref>
| ]
| 2013
| {{sort dash}}
| ] / ]
| ]
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=U|inline=yes}}
| ]
| ]
| 16
|Mandarin<ref name=":0" />
| 11.3&nbsp;km<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ulrt.co.kr/intro/intro_09.do|title=사업개요|publisher=Uijeongbu LRT Corporation|access-date=25 July 2014|language=ko|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102002906/https://www.ulrt.co.kr/intro/intro_09.do|archive-date=2 November 2014}}</ref>
| 2012
| 2021
| ]
| ]
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Gyeonggang|inline=yes}}
| ]
| ]
| 11
| Korail blue<ref name=":0" />
| 54.8&nbsp;km
| 2016
| {{sort dash}}
| ]
| rowspan="2" | Government of South Korea
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Seohae|inline=yes}}
| ]
| ]
| 21
|Lime<ref name=":0" />
| 47&nbsp;km
| 2018
| 2023
| ] / SEO HAE RAIL CO.,LTD. (Subsidiary of ]) / ERAIL Co., Ltd.
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=Gimpo Goldline|inline=yes}}
| ]
| ]
| 10
|Gold<ref name=":0" />
| 23.7&nbsp;km
| 2019
| {{sort dash}}
| GIMPO Goldline Co., Ltd. (Subsidiary of ])
| ]
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | {{Rail color box|system=Seoul Metropolitan Subway|line=GTX-A|inline=yes}}
| ]
| ]
| 4
|Purple/Violet
| 83.1&nbsp;km
| 2024
| {{sort dash}}
| ] (Subsidiary of ])
| Government of South Korea
|} |}
] and ] are currently not officially counted as part of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway universally,<ref> 제3조(정의) 이 약관에서 사용하는 용어의 정의는 다음 각 호와 같습니다.<br /> Translation: Article 3 (Definition) The definition of the term used in this clause is as follows.<br />
1. “수도권 도시철도”란 인천교통공사, 서울메트로, 서울특별시도시철도공사, 서울시메트로9호선(주), 코레일공항철도(주), 신분당선(주)가 운영하는 구간 및 한국철도공사가 운영하는 광역전철 구간을 말합니다.<br />
Translation: "Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit" refers to the sections of metropolitan subways operated by ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].<br />
〈 개정 (Amended) 2009. 8. 20, 2009. 10. 5, 2011. 7. 15, 2011. 12. 23, 2012. 2. 21 〉</ref> although plans to allow them into the unified metropolitan fare are under way for 2014, with many operators listing these lines in advance on their maps.

Trains on numbered lines generally run on the right-hand track, while trains on the named lines (e.g. ], ], and ]) run on the left-hand track. The exceptions are the trains on ], as well as those on ] south of ]. These lines run on the left-hand track because these rail lines are operated by ].

==History==
* August 15, 1974: Opening of ], operating from ] to ] and ].
* December 9, 1978: ] - ] line was added to Line 1. Now part of ].
* October 10, 1980: Opening of ].
* 1985: Fare system changed from charging by distance to zone, ] changed to magnetic paper ticket.
* April 20, 1985: Opening of ].
* July 12, 1985: Opening of ].
* April 1, 1994: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* September 1, 1994: Opening of ], operating from ] to ].
* November 15, 1995: Opening of ].
* January 30, 1996: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* March 20, 1996: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* October 11, 1996: Opening of ].
* November 23, 1996: Opening of ].
* October 6, 1999: Opening of ].
* August 7, 2000: Opening of ].
* 2004: Fare system changed back to charging by distance. Free transfers with buses introduced.
* January 20, 2005: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* December 16, 2005: Opening of ], operating from ] to ].
* December 15, 2006: Opening of ] - ] extension of ]. Subway cars from ] to ] begin operating. Now reduced to ] - Gwangmyeong.
* March 23, 2007: Opening of ].
* December 27, 2007: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* December 15, 2008: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* May 1, 2009: Magnetic paper ticket changed to ] based public transportation card.
* July 1, 2009: Opening of ], operating from ] to ].
* July 24, 2009: Opening of ], operating from ] to ].
* February 26, 2010: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* December 21, 2010: Opening of ].
* October 28, 2011: Opening of ], operating from ] to ].
* June 30, 2012: Opening of ], operating from ] to ].
* July 1, 2012: Opening of ].
* December 15, 2012: Opening of ] - ] extension of ].
* April 26, 2013: Opening of ].


==Rolling stock== ==Rolling stock==
{{Main|Seoul Metropolitan Subway trains}} {{Main|Seoul Metropolitan Subway rolling stock}}


==Fares and ticketing== ==Fares and ticketing==
], ]]]
] smart card]]
] smart card]]
]
The Seoul Metropolitan Subway system operates on a unified transportation fare system, meaning that subways and buses in ], ] and ] are treated as one system when it comes to fares. For example, a subway rider can transfer to any other line for free (with the exception of ], ] and ], the latter two adding a flat charge of 200 and 300 won respectively). One can also transfer to any Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi-do, or some ] city buses for free and get discounted fares on the more expensive express buses.<ref>{{Cite web |last=신 |first=진호 |date=2022-01-02 |title=수도권 전철과 천안·아산 시내버스 '무료 환승'...알뜰교통카드 나왔다 |url=https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/25037472 |access-date=2022-10-10 |website=] |language=ko}}</ref>


In the case of ], charges vary depending on the section used. The ] - ] section always charges 500 won, while the ] - ] section or the ] - ] section charges 1,000 won when used alone, and 1,400 altogether when used in conjunction with another. In total, the maximum added fee one can be charged is 1,900 won, which can be achieved by using all three sections.<ref>{{Cite web |title=신분당선 운임안내 |trans-title=Sinbundang Line Fare Information |url=https://www.shinbundang.co.kr/dxline/dxline4_1.jsp |access-date=October 9, 2022 |website=DX Line |language=Korean}}</ref>
The current single-use ticket is a credit card-sized plastic card with ] technology, which are obtained from automated machines in every subway station. A 500 won deposit fee is included in the price, and is refunded when the ticket is returned at any station. Multiple use cards are sold in convenience stores or can be integrated with certain debit cards.


From 1974 until 1985, the subway's fare system was distance-based and ]s, originally introduced for the Korean railways during Japanese rule, were used for fare validation. In 1985, the fare system changed to a zone-based system and magnetic-stripe paper tickets were introduced to replace the Edmondson system.
Fares (except for single-use tickets) are currently 1,050 ] for a trip up to 10&nbsp;km, with 100 ] added for each subsequent 5&nbsp;km.<ref>{{cite web | first = Rick | authorlink = http://cocowerk.blog.me | title =9호선/수도권 전철 읍데이트들 - Misc Subway Updates | publisher = Rick&Nyo | date = 19 April 2012 | url =http://cocowerk.blog.me/140157431985 | format =Blog | accessdate = 19 April 2012}}</ref> Single-use ticket users must pay 100 ] extra. ] adds a flat 700 ] extra charge, while ] and ] cost 1,300 ], with free transfers to other lines and buses coming in the future. Half-priced children's tickets are available. Riders may also enter the system using a transportation card such as ], ], and ] Free Pass. The city government also uses ] as a transportation card. Senior citizens and disabled people qualify for free transit and can get a free ticket or enter and exit using side gates rather than turnstiles.

In 1996, the Seoul Metropolitan Subway became the first subway system in the world to roll out ]s, called ], for fare validation. These cards were issued up till October 2014, when they were discontinued in favour of the newer ] cards.

Currently, the fare system is distance-based and accepted payment methods are single-use tickets, transportation cards including ] and Cash Bee. Transportation cards can also be used on buses, taxis, convenience stores and many other popular retail places. Riders must tap in with a smartphone (] and ]/] only), contactless-equipped credit or debit cards or other prepaid metro card at the entry gates. Popular methods of payments are using NFC-enabled ] smartphones (topped up or billed to the owner's credit/debit card via the ] app) or credit or check (debit) cards with built-in RFID technology issued by the bank or card company.

The current single-use ticket is a credit card-sized plastic card with ] technology, which can be obtained from automated machines in every subway station. A 500 won deposit fee is included in the price, and is refunded when the ticket is returned at any station. Multiple use cards are sold in convenience stores and the functionality is included in many credit/debit cards.

Fares (except for single-use tickets) are currently 1,400 ] for a trip up to 10&nbsp;km (6.2&nbsp;mi), with 100 ] added for each subsequent 5&nbsp;km (3.1&nbsp;mi). Once 50&nbsp;km (31.1&nbsp;mi) has been passed, 100 won will be added every 8&nbsp;km (5.0&nbsp;mi).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seoulmetro.co.kr/en/page.do?menuIdx=348 |title=User Guide > Fare|website=Seoul Metropolitan Subway |access-date=15 November 2023 }}</ref> Single-use ticket users must pay RFID deposit 500 ] plus 100 won surcharge to fare.

Half-priced children's tickets are available. The city government also uses ] as a transportation card. Senior citizens and disabled people qualify for ] and can get a free ticket with a valid ID card or enter with a registered transportation card without having the fare deducted.

International travelers can also use a Metropolitan Pass (MPASS) which provides up to 20 trips per day during the prepaid duration of 1 day to 7 days. Depending on where you purchase the card, the service is limited to the Seoul metropolitan area or Jeju Island and does not work in taxis or certain convenience stores.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/TRP/TP_ENG_8_1_2.jsp |title= Exclusive Tourist Cards |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 2 August 2018 |website=] |access-date= 26 November 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.t-money.co.kr/ncs/pct/tmnyintd/ReadFrgnMpassEngIntd.dev |title= Tmoney Only for Foreigners: We would like to introduce Tmoney for Foreign Tourists. |author=<!--Not stated--> |website= T-Money |access-date= 26 November 2018 }}</ref>


==Current construction== ==Current construction==
===Opening 2024===
*] will open between ] and ] by December, with 5 stations. The central section between Seoul station and Suseo station is scheduled to be connected by 2026, except for ] which will open in 2028.


=== Opening 2014 === ===Opening 2025===
*The ] will be extended north in June 2025 by 6.8&nbsp;km (4.226&nbsp;mi), from ] to ], with 3 new stations. Geomdan Lake Park station is later expected to become a transfer station with the ] and the ], for which extensions are in planning.
*] will open ] in April 2014.<ref>http://news1.kr/articles/1505464</ref>
* The ], another light metro line in southeastern Seoul, will open in September 2025 between ] on Line 5 and will have two branches: one will head to ] on Line 8 and Suin-Bundang line, and one at ], also a station on Line 8, with 12 stations planned in total. While technically part of the subway system, the Wirye Line will actually be a ]way line.
*The ] will run from ] to Yongyu Station in July 2014.<ref>http://www.newstown.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=159330</ref>
*Gyeongui Line will open ] in July 2014.
*Remodeling of Line 1's ] will complete on 4th September 2014.<ref>http://blog.naver.com/jungn70?Redirect=Log&logNo=80182032496</ref>
*Underground transfer tunnel between Line 1 and Line 9 at ] will open "in the latter half of 2014".<ref>http://blog.naver.com/digmon2001?Redirect=Log&logNo=50186957900</ref>
*Line 9 will be extended from ] to ] along with the opening of ] by December 2014.<ref>http://frdb.wo.to/</ref><ref>http://www.segye.com/content/html/2014/01/28/20140128001070.html?OutUrl=naver</ref>
*] will open from Gongdeok to Yongsan Station, thereby connecting with the ] as a single line in December 2014.<ref>{{cite web | title =경의선 효창정거장 부지 220m 때문에… | publisher =Chosun | date =2011-08-25 | url =http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/08/24/2011082402671.html | format = (Korean Language) | accessdate = 15 July 2012}}</ref>
*] is scheduled to open Dalwol Station in December 2014.
*] is scheduled to open Yeongjeong Station in December 2014.
*Underground transfer tunnel between Line 1/4 and AREX at ] will open on December 2014.<ref>http://kin.naver.com/qna/detail.nhn?d1id=8&dirId=81203&docId=188435693&qb=7ISc7Jq47JetIOqzte2VreyyoOuPhCDtmZjsirnthrXroZw=&enc=utf8&section=kin&rank=1&search_sort=0&spq=0</ref>


===Opening 2015=== ===Opening 2026===
*The ] is set to extend South from ] to ] by March 2026.
*] is planned to open with 27 stations over 29.3&nbsp;km from Oryu dong in ] to ].<ref></ref> The line been under construction since June 26, 2009 and was planned to open in August 2014,<ref name=rgi20100209>{{cite web|url= http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view//incheon-metro-line-2-signalling-contract-awarded.html |title= Incheon metro Line 2 signalling contract awarded |publisher=]|date=2010-02-09}}</ref> but was pushed back to July 2015.<ref>{{cite web | last =최 | first =미경 | title =인천시의회, 하루 만에 뒤집다 | work = | publisher =Kiho News | date = June 22, 2012 | url =http://www.kihoilbo.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=469721 | format = Korean | accessdate = 25 June 2012}}</ref> It will intersect ] at ], ] at ], and ] at ].
*The ], a light metro line in northeastern Seoul, is scheduled to open in July 2026 with 14 stations between ] and Eunhaeng Sageori station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/area/804040.html|title=속도내는 동북선 경전철…2019년 착공|date=24 July 2017|website=]}}</ref>
*The ] will be an 11-station line in Gyeonggi-do that will intersect both the Sinbundang Line and Bundang Line as it heads east.
*The ] will open December 2026. The line will start at ] and split into two branches: one to ] station, and one to ] on the ]. The latter branch will partially share tracks with the Seohae Line and the ].
*Wonheung Station will open in Line 3 between Samsong and Wondang in mid 2015.
*], between ] and ] on the ], will open as an in-fill station once the redevelopment of the surrouneding area is completed. This area will feature cultural, commercial, and medical facilities along with new residential areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0923440347&code=11131411&cp=nv|title="25분 거리를 10분만에… 지역경제도 살아났으면"… 27일 완전 재개통 앞둔 수인선 시범 운행|website=]|date=24 February 2016|access-date=27 March 2018}}</ref>
*Gyeongui Line will open Yadang between Unjeong and Tanhyeon in October 2015.
*] will open its central section between ] and ] (15.3&nbsp;km) by September 2026, completing the entire GTX A Line. However, ] will still be under construction at the time of the opening, and there will be no intermediary stop between ] and ].
*The ] will open in Phase 2, which is an extension from ] to ].
*] will be extended by 2 stations northwards to ] in ] by 2026, with a transfer at ] with the ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=4342372|title = 양주까지 7호선 연결 본격 시작…서울 접근성 기대}}</ref>
*], between ] and ] on ], will open as an in-fill station in December 2026 once the redevelopment of the surrounding area is completed.


===Opening 2016+=== ===Opening 2027===
*], between ] and ] will open as an in-fill station on the ] Line, to go along with urban development in the area.
*]'s Phase 2 (2016) will extend the southern end of the line by five stops with four additional proposed stops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://shinbundang.co.kr/information/information04.asp|title= DX Line 홈페이지에 오신것을 환영합니다|publisher=Shin Bundang | format = Korean Language|accessdate= 29 April 2011}}</ref>
*], between ] and ] will open as an in-fill station on the ] Line, to go along with urban development in the area.
*A Light Rapid Transit line named ] will be a {{convert|11.4|km|mi|abbr=on}} line from Ui-dong to ] in northern Seoul.<ref>{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref> The line is expected to carry 110,000 passengers per day, and will have 12 stations. It will connect to ] at ], ] at ], and ] & ] at ].<ref>http://www.uitrans.co.kr/data/c_present.html</ref>
*The ] is a 12-station line in southwestern Seoul with transfers to Line 1 and Line 4. Opening is set for April 2016. *], between ] and ] will open as an in-fill station on the ] Line, to go along with urban development in the area.
*] is being extended eastward to Korea Veteran's Hospital Station by 2016. *] will be extended from ] to ] in 2027. The new extension will have 6 stations and a total length of 6.8km.
*The ] will open in Phase 3 after 2017, which is an extension from ] to ], where it will connect with the Bundang Line as a single line.


===Opening 2028===
==Planned construction==
*] will be extended 4 stations eastwards from ] to ], with a transfer with ] on ] by 2028.
There are several major works that are either still in the planning stage or are waiting for construction to commence.
*] will open as an in-fill station on ], between ] and ] in April 2028. The opening of the GTX-A part of the station was delayed due to the construction delay of the Yeongdongdaero Transfer Complex, a complex that will connect Samseong station of Line 2, Samseong station of GTX-A, ], and ], and ] on Line 9.
*(2014 ~ 2017) ] will be extended north by 11.37&nbsp;km to intersect ] and Byeolnae Station on the ].<ref>{{cite web | last =Bak | first =Yongson | title =경기북부 연장 광역전철 '윤곽 잡혔다' | publisher =Yonhap News | date =2011-05-04 | url =http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=100&oid=001&aid=0005046357 | accessdate = 7 Sep 2011}}</ref>
*] will open between ] in the North and ] and ] to the South, splitting into 2 branches. The line will feature new dedicated tracks on its central section and share tracks with ] at its ends. In total, the length of the line witll be 85.9km, with 14 stations.
*The northern end of Line 4 will be extended by three stations from ] to Jinjeop, ]. Construction will begin in 2015, with the expected completion date in 2019.<ref>{{cite web | title =4호선 연장 및 창동차량기지 이전 공동 선언식|publisher=연합뉴스| date =October 17, 2012| url =http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=102&oid=001&aid=0005878059|format=Korean| accessdate = 5 November 2012}}</ref>

*(2013 ~ 2022) ] will connect Ansan, Siheung, Seoul Station, and Cheongnyangni Station. At its terminus at Cheongnyangni, the line will be connected to a new light rail line called ].{{citation needed|date=October 2013}}
===Opening 2029 or later===
*An interchange station of Line 2, Line 5, Jungang Line, Bundang Line, and ] is planned from ].<ref></ref>
*] will be extended from ] to ] in 2029, connecting with the ] Line. The new extension will have 2 stations and a total length of 3.1km.
*] is planned to be a semicircular subway line of Incheon. It will intersect Seoul Subway Line 1 at ] and ] at ], as well as at the future ].<ref>{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref>
*] will be extended from ] to ] in 2030. The new extension will have 4 stations and a total length of 19.3km.
*Myeonmokseon LRT (면목선 경전철) is a planned 12-station, 9.05&nbsp;km line from ] to the future Sinnae Station. Customers will be able to transfer to Seoul Subway Lines 1, 6, 7, and the Gyeongchun Line. The cost is estimated at 855.9 billion Won. Construction is scheduled to begin at the end of 2013 and end in 2018.<ref>{{cite web | last =Lee | first =Jinchol | title =청량리-신내역 면목선 경전철 민자사업 본격화 | publisher =E Daily Jonghab News | date = July 10, 2011 | url =http://www.edaily.co.kr/news/NewsRead.edy?SCD=DF13&newsid=01246406596313208&DCD=A00106&OutLnkChk=Y | accessdate = 9 Sep 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last =Kim | first =Gyeongtaek | title =청량리~신내역 경전철 면목선 2013년 착공 | publisher =Kukmin Ilbo Kuki News | date =July 11, 2011 | url =http://news.kukinews.com/article/view.asp?page=1&gCode=kmi&arcid=0005144532&cp=nv | accessdate = 2 Sep 2011}}</ref>
*The ] will open between ] and ] by 2029. The Line will have 17 stops and a length of 38.1&nbsp;km.
*Line 7 will get two more stations to the west to link up to Incheon Line 2. The 3.94&nbsp;km extension is due for completion in 2018.<ref name="사업소개">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title =사업소개 | work = | publisher =도시철도건설본부 | url =http://www.incheon.go.kr/icweb/html/web15/015001001003.html | format = Korean Language | doi = | accessdate = 7 June 2012}}</ref> Construction will commence in 2013.
*The ] will be extended to the west, from ] to ] by December 2029. The extension will be 49.6&nbsp;km long, and partly share tracks with the ]. There will be 11 additional stations to the line, including transfers available at ] (]), ] (], ]), ] (], ]), ] (]), ] (], ]). Service may then be further extended further west towards downtown ] using the tracks of the ].
*Gimpo City will have its own subway line (김포도시철도) stretching 23.61&nbsp;km over 9 stations. Completion target is the end of 2018.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}}
*The ] will be extended south from ] to ] in 2029, with 5 new stations and 11&nbsp;km of tracks.
*Incheon Line 1 will get one more station to Songdo Landmark City 0.84&nbsp;km beyond International Business District Station. Construction is planned to start in 2013 and be completed the end of 2018.<ref name="사업소개"/>
*The ] branch to ] will be extended to ] by 2029, as part of the construction of the ]. The extension will have 2 stops and a length of 4.6&nbsp;km.
*] might get a 6.8&nbsp;km extension from Gugal station to the future Gwanggyo Station on the ].<ref>{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = (경기도 도시철도) 용인경전철 연장 | work = | publisher =Future Rail Database | date = 2011-12-09 | url =http://frdb2.wo.to/944.htm | format = Korean Language | doi = | accessdate = 12 November 2012}}</ref>
*] will open in 2030 between ] in the West and ] in the South. The line will feature new dedicated tracks, except East of ] where it will share tracks with the ]. In total, the length of the line will be 80.3km, with 13 stations.
*Several ] lines are under various forms of construction.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}}

== Approved for construction ==
The following lines have not started construction, but are considered to be approved after their plans and their financing have been finalized. Most of these lines are scheduled to start construction in the next couple of years.

* The ] will be a medium capacity line between ] and ] in the city of ], scheduled to begin construction in 2024. The line will have a length of 20.1km and 12 stations
* The ], a light metro line in southeastern Seoul, will open between ] and Wirye with 11 stations planned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20181025000678|title=위례신사선 민자사업, 추진 확정..2021년께 착공 예상|date=25 October 2018|website=]}}</ref> Construction has been delayed due to issues with the contractors.
*] will also be further extended to the East, with 6 new stations, from ] to ], for a length of 11.7km. Completion is planned for 2032.
*The ] will be extended north from ] to ], with 3 new stations over 5.3&nbsp;km. Construction will begin in 2026 for a completion in 2032, upon the completion of the transfer of ownership of the ] to the Korean government.
* The ] is a new light metro line, which will have a length of 18&nbsp;km and go through 16 stations, starting at ], which is also the last station of the ], and then go North-West across the Han River and up to ] on ]. Construction will begin in 2025.
*] is a ] in the northeastern area of Seoul running between ] and ] with 12 stations and connections to the Gyeongchun Line and Line 6.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20190220000284|title= 면목선, 동대문·중랑 상습정체 구간 해소|date=20 February 2019|website=]}}</ref> The line was approved in June 2024.
*] is a set of 2 tramway lines, which will be part of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway, under the names ] and ], with both lines connecting at ]. ] will have 17 stations over 16.9km, while ] will have 19 stations over 15.5km. Construction will begin in early 2025 for an opening by December 2027.
*The ] will have a new Northern branch, starting from ], and reaching ] on ], for a length of 3.5km and 3 new stations. Construction will begin in 2025 for a completion in 2031.
*] will be extended to the East, with 8 new stations across the Han river and northwards from ] to ], for a length of 17.4km. Construction should begin in 2025 for completion in 2031.

== Planned ==

=== Seoul City ===
The Seoul Metropolitan government published a ten-year plan for expansion of the subway with the following projects under consideration.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.etoday.co.kr/news/section/newsview.php?idxno=1724399|title=강북횡단선 등 경전철 6개 노선 신설…서울 교통지도 바뀐다|date=20 February 2019|website=이투데이}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arirang.com/News/News_View.asp?nseq=231945|title=News View :: The World on Arirang}}</ref>

*], a new line running in an arc north of Seoul between ] and ] with 19 stations planned. The line will provide transfers to Lines 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, AREX, Gyeongui–Jungang, Gyeongchun, Bundang and Ui line.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/02/20/2019022001204.html|title=2028년까지 목동~청량리 잇는 강북횡단선 등 경전철 6개 노선 신설|date=20 February 2019|website=]}}</ref>
*] will open a branch line from ] to ] on Line 1, the extension will open with 3 stations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.womancs.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=50151|title=우이신설역 연장 추진 확정, 솔밭공원~방학역 연결|website=우먼컨슈머|date=21 February 2019}}</ref>
*] is a ] in the northeastern area of Seoul running between ] and ] with 12 stations and connections to the Gyeongchun Line and Line 6.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20190220000284|title= 면목선, 동대문·중랑 상습정체 구간 해소|date=20 February 2019|website=]}}</ref>
*] is a branch of the ] ] in the southwestern area of Seoul running between Nangok-dong and Boramae Park with 5 stations planned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20190220000285|title= 난곡선, 남부순환로 이남 주거 밀집지 연결|date=20 February 2019|website=]}}</ref>
*] is a ] in southwestern Seoul running between Sinwol-dong and ] on line 2, with 12 stations planned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20190220000287|title= 목동선, 서부서울 철도 사각지대 해소|date=20 February 2019|website=]}}</ref>
*] will start running express services between ] and ].<ref name="auto" />
*] will start running shuttle services connecting ] on the mainline and ] on the Macheon Branch.<ref name="auto" />
*The ] will be connected to Seobu Line with a track between ] (]) and ].<ref name="auto" />

=== Incheon City ===
The Incheon Metropolitan government is working on the Second Incheon Metro Network Construction Plan that inherits the Incheon Metro Network Construction Plan published in 2016. It includes the construction of five new tram lines. The draft is expected to be released in October 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.incheontoday.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=202848|title=인천시 철도과, 12월 국토부 '제2차 도시철도망구축계획' 승인 신청|date=16 September 2020|website=인천투데이}}</ref>

*Incheon Subway line 3 is planned to be a semi-circular subway line of Incheon. It will intersect ] at ] and to ] at ].

==Partial network map==
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| system_qid = Q16950
| frame-lat = 37.56
| frame-long = 126.95
| frame-width = 500
| frame-height = 440
| zoom = 9
| length = yes
}}

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="170px" heights="110px">
Seoul-metro-425-Hoehyeon-station-platform-20181124-080256.jpg|The platform at Hoehyeon Station on Seoul Subway Line 4 in Jung-gu, Seoul
Seoul-metro-2013-20180916-104648.jpg|Seoul Metro Class 2000 series 10-car EMU set 2x13 leaving Hanyang University Station on the Seoul Metro Line 2 in Seongdong-gu, Seoul
Seoul-metro-line-9-929-Bongeunsa-station-sign-20181124-111850.jpg|A sign of Bongeunsa Station on Seoul Subway Line 9
Seoul-metro-646-Hwarangdae-station-platform-20181125-134024.jpg|The platform at Hwarangdae Station on Seoul Subway Line 6 in Nowon-gu, Seoul
Seoul Metro Line 2 train arriving at Guro Digital Complex (2-14 new).jpg|Seoul Metro Line 2 Inner Circle Line train arriving at Guro Digital Complex (2-14 new)
Seoul-metro-240-Sinchon-station-entrance-3-20181121-082156.jpg|The no.3 entrance to Sinchon Station on the Seoul Metro Line 2 in Mapo-gu, Seoul
Seoul Metro Line 2 LCD 1.jpg|Seoul Metro Line 2 LCD
Suin–Bundang Line (Korail Class 319000) 20240713 (01).jpg|Space for wheelchair stroller carrier (inside the train)
</gallery>


==See also== ==See also==

{{Div col}}
* ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group="Note"}}


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|2}} {{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
{{Commons and category|Seoul Subway|Seoul Subway}} {{Commons and category}}
* Official Homepages * Official websites by company
** **
** **
** ** (Archived)
** **
** **
* Seoul city government
* City Government
** **
** describing Seoul Subway history, current construction and future projects ** describing Seoul Subway history, current construction and future projects


{{Public transport in the Seoul Metropolitan Area}} {{Public transport in the Seoul Metropolitan Area}}
{{South Korea rapid transit}} {{South Korea rapid transit}}
{{Rapid transit in Asia}}


] ]
]
] ]
]

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Seoul Metropolitan Subway
Seoul Metro 2000 series train on Line 2Seoul Metro 2000 series train on Line 2
Overview
Native name수도권 전철 / 首都圈電鐵
Romanizations see box below
OwnerGovernment of South Korea, Seoul Metropolitan Government, Incheon Metropolitan City, Bucheon City, Uijeongbu City, Yongin City
LocaleSeoul Capital Area
Transit typeRapid transit, Commuter rail
Number of lines23
Number of stations768
Annual ridership1.91 billion (2017, Lines 1-9, Seoul Subway)
1.16 billion (2017, Korail)
Operation
Began operation15 August 1974; 50 years ago (1974-08-15)
Operator(s)Seoul Metro, Korail, Incheon Transit Corporation, and private rapid transit operators
Technical
System length1,302.2 km (809.1 mi) (all lines)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
System map

Seoul Metropolitan Subway
Hangul수도권 전철
Hanja首都圈 電鐵
Revised RomanizationSudogwon Jeoncheol
McCune–ReischauerSudokwŏn Chŏnch'ŏl

The Seoul Metropolitan Subway (Korean: 수도권 전철) is a metropolitan railway system consisting of 23 rapid transit, light metro, commuter rail and people mover lines located in northwest South Korea. The system serves most of the Seoul Metropolitan Area including the Incheon metropolis and satellite cities in Gyeonggi province. Some regional lines in the network stretch out beyond the Seoul Metropolitan Area to rural areas in northern Chungnam province and western Gangwon Province, that lie over 100 km (62 mi) away from the capital.

The network consists of multiple systems that form a larger, coherent system. These being the Seoul Metro proper, consisting of Seoul Metro lines 1 through 9 and certain light rail lines, that serves Seoul city proper and its surroundings; Korail regional rail lines, which serve the greater metropolitan region and beyond; Incheon Metro lines, operated by Incheon Transit Corporation, that serve Incheon city proper; and miscellaneous light rail lines, such as Gimpo Goldline and Yongin Everline, that connect lower-density areas of their respective cities to the rest of the network. Most of the system is operated by three companies – Seoul Metro, Korail (Korea Railroad Corporation), and Incheon Metro – with the rest being operated by an assortment of local municipal corporations and private rail companies.

Its first metro line, Line 1, started construction in 1971 and began operations in 1974, with through-operation to Korail's suburban railways. As of 2022, the network has 331.5 km (206.0 mi) of track on lines 1–9 alone.

Most of the trains were built by Hyundai Rotem, South Korea's leading train manufacturer.

Overview

The first line of the Seoul Subway network started construction in 1971. The first section of subway was built using the cheaper cut and cover construction method. Initial lines relied heavily on Japanese technology, and subsequent lines (until the early-2000s) procured technological imports from Japan and the United Kingdom (in particular, GEC Traction equipment used on wide-width Lines 2, 3 and 4 rolling stock from the 1980s). For example, Line 1 opened in 1974 with through services joining surrounding Korail suburban railway lines influenced by the Tokyo subway. Today, many of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway's lines are operated by Korail, South Korea's national rail operator.

The subway has free WiFi accessible in all stations and trains. All stations have platform screen doors. These safety doors were completed by 2017, however many stations previously had metal barriers installed decades beforehand. The world's first virtual mart for smartphone users opened at Seolleung station in 2011.

All directional signs in the system are written in Korean using Hangul, as well as English and Katakana/Chinese characters for Japanese and Mandarin Chinese. However the maps on the walls are in Korean and English only. In the trains, there are in addition many LCD screens giving service announcements, upcoming stop names, YTN news, stock prices and animated shorts. There are also prerecorded voice announcements that give the upcoming station, any possible line transfer, and the exiting side in Korean, followed by English. At major stations, this is followed by Japanese, then Mandarin Chinese, as well.

Seoul Subway uses full-color LCD screens at all stations to display real-time subway arrival times, which are also available on apps for smartphones. Most trains have digital TV screens, and all of them have air conditioning and climate controlled seats installed that are automatically heated in the winter. In 2014, it became the world's first metro operator to use transparent displays for ads when it installed 48 transparent displays on major stations of Line 2 in Gangnam District. All lines use the T-money smart payment system using RFID and NFC technology for automatic payment by T-money smart cards, smartphones, or credit cards and one can transfer to any of the other line within the system for free.

Trains on numbered lines and light rail lines generally run on the right-hand track, while trains on the named heavy-rail lines (e.g. Shinbundang Line, Suin–Bundang Line, and AREX) run on the left-hand track. The exceptions are the trains on Line 1, as well as those on Line 4 south of Namtaeryeong station. These lines run on the left-hand track because these rail lines are government-owned via Korail or through-run to government-owned lines and follow a different standard to the metro, one that is followed by all national rail lines (with the exception of the otherwise self-contained Ilsan Line) because much of the Korean Peninsula's early rail network was constructed during Japanese rule.

History

Line 1, from Seongbuk station to Incheon station and Suwon station, opened on 15 August 1974. On 9 December 1978, the Yongsan-Cheongnyangni line via Wangsimni (now part of the Jungang Line) was added to Line 1. Line 2 opened on 10 October 1980. Line 4 opened on 20 April 1985, and Line 3 on 12 July. On 1 April 1994, the Indeogwon-Namtaeryeong extension of Line 4 opened. The Bundang Line, from Suseo station to Ori station, opened on 1 September. On 15 November 1995, Line 5 opened. The Jichuk-Daehwa extension of Line 3 opened on 30 January 1996. On 20 March, the Kkachisan-Sindorim extension of Line 2 opened. Line 7 opened on 11 October, and Line 8 on 23 November. On 6 October 1999, Incheon Subway Line 1 opened.

Seoul Subway Line 6 opened on 7 August 2000. In 2004 the fare system reverted to charging by distance, and free bus transfers were introduced. The Byeongjeom-Cheonan extension of Line 1 opened on 20 January 2005. On 16 December, the Jungang Line from Yongsan station to Deokso station opened. The Uijeongbu-Soyosan extension of Line 1 opened and shuttle service from Yongsan station to Gwangmyeong station began (with the route now shortened from Yeongdeungpo to Gwangmyeong) on 15 December 2006. On 23 March 2007, AREX opened. The Deokso-Paldang extension of the Jungang Line opened on 27 December. On 15 December 2008, the Cheonan-Sinchang extension of Line 1 opened. The magnetic paper ticket changed to an RFID-based card on 1 May 2009. On 1 July the Gyeongui Line from Seoul Station to Munsan station opened, and on 24 July Line 9 from Gaehwa station to Sinnonhyeon station opened.

The Byeongjeom-Seodongtan extension of Line 1 opened on 26 February 2010, and the Gyeongchun Line opened on 21 December. On 28 October 2011, the Shinbundang Line from Gangnam station to Jeongja station opened. The Suin Line, from Oido station to Songdo station, opened on 30 June 2012. The U Line opened on 1 July, the Onsu-Bupyeong-gu Office extension of Line 7 on 27 October and the Gongdeok-Gajwa extension of the Gyeongui Line on 15 December, and on 26 April 2013, EverLine opened. On 27 December 2014, the Gyeongui Line was extended to Yongsan and started through running to the Jungang Line, forming the Gyeongui–Jungang Line. The Sinnonhyeon-Sports Complex extension of Line 9 opened on 28 March 2015. On 30 January 2016 the Jeongja-Gwanggyo extension of the Shinbundang Line opened, followed by the Songdo-Incheon extension of the Suin Line on 27 February. Incheon Subway Line 2 opened on 30 July, and the Gyeonggang Line on 24 September. The Gyeongui–Jungang Line is extended one station east to Jipyeong station on 21 January 2017, with 4 round trips to Jipyeong station. On 16 June 2018 the Seohae Line opened. Magongnaru station on Line 9 became an interchange station with AREX on 29 September 2018. Bundang line was extended northeastward to Cheongnyangni station, allowing for connections to the Gyeongchun Line and regional rail services on 31 December 2018. On 28 September 2019, the Gimpo Goldline opened. On 12 September 2020, the Suin Line extension between Hanyang Univ. at Ansan and Suwon, beginning the interlining with Line 4 between Oido and Hanyang Univ. at Ansan, as well as through-running with the Bundang Line to form the Suin–Bundang Line. On May 24, 2022, the Sillim Line opened, becoming the newest addition to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway.

Lines and branches

The system is organized such that numbered lines, with some exceptions, are considered as urban rapid transit lines located within the Seoul National Capital Area (SNCA), whereas wide-area commuter lines operated by Korail provide a metro-like commuter rail service that usually extends far beyond the boundaries of the SNCA, rather similar to the RER in Paris. The AREX is an airport rail link that links Incheon International Airport and Gimpo Airport to central Seoul, and offers both express service directly to Incheon International Airport and all-stop commuter service for people living along the vicinity of the line. While operating hours may vary depending on the line and station in question, the Seoul Metropolitan Subway generally operates every day from 5.30 a.m. until midnight, with some lines operated by Seoul Metro ending services around 1 a.m. on weekdays.

System map of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway, showing current lines
Line name Terminus (Ascending / Descending) Stations Color Total length Opening Year Last Extension Operator Owner
     Line 1 Yeoncheon / Uijeongbu / Kwangwoon University / Yeongdeungpo Incheon / Sinchang / Gwangmyeong / Seodongtan 102 Dark blue 218.3 km 1974 2023 Korail / Seoul Metro Government of South Korea / Seoul Metropolitan Government
     Line 2 City Hall / Seongsu / Sindorim City Hall / Sinseol-dong / Kkachisan 51 Green 60.2 km 1980 1996 Seoul Metro Seoul Metropolitan Government
     Line 3 Daehwa Ogeum 44 Orange 57.4 km 1985 2010 Korail / Seoul Metro Government of South Korea / Seoul Metropolitan Government
     Line 4 Jinjeop Oido 51 Light blue 85.7 km 1985 2022 Korail / Seoul Metro / Namyangju City Urban Corporation
     Line 5 Banghwa Hanam Geomdansan / Macheon 56 Purple/Violet 63.0 km 1995 2021 Seoul Metro Seoul Metropolitan Government
     Line 6 Eungam Sinnae 39 Ocher 36.4 km 2000 2019
     Line 7 Jangam Seongnam 53 Olive green 60.1 km 1996 2021 Seoul Metro / Incheon Transit Corporation Seoul Metropolitan Government / Bucheon City Council / Incheon Metropolitan City Council
     Line 8 Byeollae Moran 24 Pink 31.1 km 1996 2024 Seoul Metro Seoul Metropolitan Government
     Line 9 Gaehwa / Gimpo International Airport VHS Medical Center 38 Gold 40.6 km 2009 2018 Seoul Metro Line 9 Corporation / Seoul Metro
     AREX Seoul Station Incheon Int'l Airport Terminal 2 14 Sea blue 63.8 km 2007 2018 Airport Railroad Co., Ltd. Government of South Korea
     Gyeongui–Jungang Line Dorasan / Imjingang / Munsan Jipyeong / Seoul Station 57 Jade 137.8 km 2005 2021 Korail
     Gyeongchun Line Sangbong / Cheongnyangni / Kwangwoon Univ. Chuncheon 24 Teal 81.3 km 2010 2016
     Suin–Bundang Line Wangsimni / Cheongnyangni Incheon 63 Orange-yellow 104.6 km 1994 2020
     Ui LRT Sinseol-dong Bukhansan Ui 15 Light gold 11.4 km 2017 UiTrans LRT Co., Ltd. Seoul Metropolitan Government
     Sillim Line Saetgang Gwanaksan 11 Seoul Sky blue 7.8 km 2022 South Seoul LRT Co., Ltd.
     Shinbundang Line Sinsa Gwanggyo 16 Red 33.4 km 2011 2022 Shinbundang Railroad Corporation / Gyeonggi Railroad Co., Ltd. / New Seoul Railroad Co., Ltd. / Neo Trans Government of South Korea
     Incheon Line 1 Gyeyang Songdo Moonlight Festival Park 30 Light blue 30.3 km 1999 2020 Incheon Transit Corporation Incheon Metropolitan City Council
     Incheon Line 2 Geomdan Oryu Unyeon 27 Light orange 29.1 km 2016
     EverLine Giheung Jeondae·Everland 15 Green 18.1 km 2013 Yongin EverLine Co., Ltd. / Neo Trans Yongin City Council
     U Line Balgok Depot Temporary Platform 16 Mandarin 11.3 km 2012 2021 Uijeongbu Light Rail Transit Co., Ltd Uijeongbu City Council
     Gyeonggang Line Pangyo Yeoju 11 Korail blue 54.8 km 2016 Korail Government of South Korea
     Seohae Line Ilsan Wonsi 21 Lime 47 km 2018 2023 Korail / SEO HAE RAIL CO.,LTD. (Subsidiary of Seoul Metro) / ERAIL Co., Ltd.
     Gimpo Goldline Gimpo International Airport Yangchon 10 Gold 23.7 km 2019 GIMPO Goldline Co., Ltd. (Subsidiary of Seoul Metro) Gimpo City Council
     GTX-A Suseo Dongtan 4 Purple/Violet 83.1 km 2024 ko:지티엑스에이운영 (Subsidiary of Seoul Metro) Government of South Korea

Rolling stock

Main article: Seoul Metropolitan Subway rolling stock

Fares and ticketing

Ticket Vending and Card Reload Machine in Soraepogu Station, Incheon
T-money
T-money smart card
Magnetic-stripe ticket + Upass turnstiles on Line 4 in July 2001

The Seoul Metropolitan Subway system operates on a unified transportation fare system, meaning that subways and buses in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi Province are treated as one system when it comes to fares. For example, a subway rider can transfer to any other line for free (with the exception of Shinbundang Line, EverLine and U Line, the latter two adding a flat charge of 200 and 300 won respectively). One can also transfer to any Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi-do, or some South Chungcheong Province city buses for free and get discounted fares on the more expensive express buses.

In the case of Shinbundang Line, charges vary depending on the section used. The Sinsa - Gangnam section always charges 500 won, while the Gangnam - Jeongja section or the Jeongja - Gwanggyo section charges 1,000 won when used alone, and 1,400 altogether when used in conjunction with another. In total, the maximum added fee one can be charged is 1,900 won, which can be achieved by using all three sections.

From 1974 until 1985, the subway's fare system was distance-based and Edmondson railway tickets, originally introduced for the Korean railways during Japanese rule, were used for fare validation. In 1985, the fare system changed to a zone-based system and magnetic-stripe paper tickets were introduced to replace the Edmondson system.

In 1996, the Seoul Metropolitan Subway became the first subway system in the world to roll out contactless smart cards, called Upass, for fare validation. These cards were issued up till October 2014, when they were discontinued in favour of the newer T-money cards.

Currently, the fare system is distance-based and accepted payment methods are single-use tickets, transportation cards including T-money and Cash Bee. Transportation cards can also be used on buses, taxis, convenience stores and many other popular retail places. Riders must tap in with a smartphone (KakaoPay and Samsung Pay/Wallet only), contactless-equipped credit or debit cards or other prepaid metro card at the entry gates. Popular methods of payments are using NFC-enabled Android smartphones (topped up or billed to the owner's credit/debit card via the T-money app) or credit or check (debit) cards with built-in RFID technology issued by the bank or card company.

The current single-use ticket is a credit card-sized plastic card with RFID technology, which can be obtained from automated machines in every subway station. A 500 won deposit fee is included in the price, and is refunded when the ticket is returned at any station. Multiple use cards are sold in convenience stores and the functionality is included in many credit/debit cards.

Fares (except for single-use tickets) are currently 1,400 won for a trip up to 10 km (6.2 mi), with 100 won added for each subsequent 5 km (3.1 mi). Once 50 km (31.1 mi) has been passed, 100 won will be added every 8 km (5.0 mi). Single-use ticket users must pay RFID deposit 500 won plus 100 won surcharge to fare.

Half-priced children's tickets are available. The city government also uses Seoul Citypass as a transportation card. Senior citizens and disabled people qualify for free transit and can get a free ticket with a valid ID card or enter with a registered transportation card without having the fare deducted.

International travelers can also use a Metropolitan Pass (MPASS) which provides up to 20 trips per day during the prepaid duration of 1 day to 7 days. Depending on where you purchase the card, the service is limited to the Seoul metropolitan area or Jeju Island and does not work in taxis or certain convenience stores.

Current construction

Opening 2024

Opening 2025

Opening 2026

Opening 2027

Opening 2028

Opening 2029 or later

Approved for construction

The following lines have not started construction, but are considered to be approved after their plans and their financing have been finalized. Most of these lines are scheduled to start construction in the next couple of years.

Planned

Seoul City

The Seoul Metropolitan government published a ten-year plan for expansion of the subway with the following projects under consideration.

Incheon City

The Incheon Metropolitan government is working on the Second Incheon Metro Network Construction Plan that inherits the Incheon Metro Network Construction Plan published in 2016. It includes the construction of five new tram lines. The draft is expected to be released in October 2020.

Partial network map


Gallery

  • The platform at Hoehyeon Station on Seoul Subway Line 4 in Jung-gu, Seoul The platform at Hoehyeon Station on Seoul Subway Line 4 in Jung-gu, Seoul
  • Seoul Metro Class 2000 series 10-car EMU set 2x13 leaving Hanyang University Station on the Seoul Metro Line 2 in Seongdong-gu, Seoul Seoul Metro Class 2000 series 10-car EMU set 2x13 leaving Hanyang University Station on the Seoul Metro Line 2 in Seongdong-gu, Seoul
  • A sign of Bongeunsa Station on Seoul Subway Line 9 A sign of Bongeunsa Station on Seoul Subway Line 9
  • The platform at Hwarangdae Station on Seoul Subway Line 6 in Nowon-gu, Seoul The platform at Hwarangdae Station on Seoul Subway Line 6 in Nowon-gu, Seoul
  • Seoul Metro Line 2 Inner Circle Line train arriving at Guro Digital Complex (2-14 new) Seoul Metro Line 2 Inner Circle Line train arriving at Guro Digital Complex (2-14 new)
  • The no.3 entrance to Sinchon Station on the Seoul Metro Line 2 in Mapo-gu, Seoul The no.3 entrance to Sinchon Station on the Seoul Metro Line 2 in Mapo-gu, Seoul
  • Seoul Metro Line 2 LCD Seoul Metro Line 2 LCD
  • Space for wheelchair stroller carrier (inside the train) Space for wheelchair stroller carrier (inside the train)

See also

Notes

  1. With the exception of AREX on Yeongjong Island (extra charge applied depending on distance) and Shinbundang Line (extra charge of 500~1900 KRW depending on the sections used). EverLine and U Line will allow free transfers from 2014.
  2. Of which 92 are operated by Korail and 10 by Seoul Metro.
  3. Of which 210.5 km is operated by Korail and 7.8 km by Seoul Metro.
  4. Of which 10 are operated by Korail and 34 by Seoul Metro.
  5. Of which 19.2 km is operated by Korail and 38.2 km by Seoul Metro.
  6. Of which 25 are operated by Korail and 26 by Seoul Metro.
  7. Of which 40.4 km is operated by Korail and 45.3 km by Seoul Metro.
  8. While Gaehwa is the official terminus, express trains only run to Gimpo International Airport station
  9. Most trains run until Sangbong, very few trains operate to Kwangwoon Univ. and a few trains run to Cheongnyangni (However, express trains always go to Cheongnyangni)
  10. Most trains run until Wangsimni and a few trains run to Cheongnyangni

References

  1. "자료실 : 알림마당>자료실>자료실". www.seoulmetro.co.kr.
  2. 수송현황 - 통계 - 량 [Transportation status - statistics - volume]. Korail (in Korean). Archived from the original on 14 November 2021.
  3. 2012 Korail Statistics See p.400 for Seoul Metropolitan Subway (수도권 전철). Archived 27 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  4. "Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs of South Korea: Definition of Urban Rail and Wide-area Rail". Archived from the original on 25 April 2012.
  5. "서울 지하철 1호선" (in Korean). Seoul Metropolitan Government. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  6. scaadmin (31 July 2015). "[Metro] Construction of the Seoul Metro – the Driver behind Sustainable Urban Growth & Change". 서울아카이브 Seoul Solution. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  7. "Seoul's first subway line opened in 1974". The Korea Times. 13 February 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  8. "Introducing Korail". Korail. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
  9. "Underground world: Seoul's 'super highway' v London's 'rude tube'". BBC News. 3 April 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  10. "대중교통 커뮤니티 - SBM (철도, 버스 이용자들의 공간) : 네이버 카페". cafe.naver.com. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  11. "Seoul Metropolitan Subway". Railway Technology. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  12. ^ "낙후한 지하철 1~4호선, 첨단 디스플레이 기술로 새단장 나선다" [1-4 outdated subway line, state-of-the-art display technology sets out renovation]. etnews (in Korean). 15 March 2015. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  13. Malang Studio Co. Ltd. "Subway Korea - Android Apps on Google Play". google.com.
  14. 문화일보 (16 May 2006). "<오후여담>좌측통행" [<Afternoon digression> left side of the road]. Naver (in Korean). Naver Corp. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  15. "Incheon-Gimpo Airports Train to Open Friday". The Chosun Ilbo. 21 March 2007. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  16. "내년 지하철 9호선 마곡나루역 급행역사로 전환". 이데일리. 22 March 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  17. "Seoul Gimpo Gold Line automated light metro opens". 30 September 2019.
  18. "'추억의 꼬마열차' 수인선 수도권 남서지역 다시 누빈다". 서울일보 (in Korean). 13 September 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  19. Burroughs, David (7 June 2022). "Seoul's Sillim Line rubber-tyred metro opens". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  20. https://english.visitseoul.net/transportation
  21. https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/05/29/national/socialAffairs/Korea-subway-Seoul/20220529174025996.html
  22. ^ "Metro Lines & Trains in Operation". Korail. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  23. ^ 지하철건설현황 [Status of Subway Construction] (in Korean). Seoul City Government. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  24. ^ "자료실 : 알림마당>자료실>자료실". www.seoulmetro.co.kr. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  25. "Southern portion of inter-Korean railway to reopen". The Hankyoreh. 25 December 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  26. "Final Bundang Line Extension Opens". Kojects. 30 November 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
  27. "우이신설도시철도에 오신결 환영합니다". www.ui-line.com. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  28. "무인운전 시스템의 장점" (in Korean). Shinbundang Line & NeoTrans. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  29. "노선안내" (in Korean). Yongin Rapid Transit Corporation. Archived from the original on 10 August 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  30. "사업개요" (in Korean). Uijeongbu LRT Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  31. 신, 진호 (2 January 2022). "수도권 전철과 천안·아산 시내버스 '무료 환승'...알뜰교통카드 나왔다". JoongAng Ilbo (in Korean). Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  32. "신분당선 운임안내" [Sinbundang Line Fare Information]. DX Line (in Korean). Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  33. "User Guide > Fare". Seoul Metropolitan Subway. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  34. "Exclusive Tourist Cards". Korea Tourism Organization. 2 August 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  35. "Tmoney Only for Foreigners: We would like to introduce Tmoney for Foreign Tourists". T-Money. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  36. "속도내는 동북선 경전철…2019년 착공". The Hankyoreh. 24 July 2017.
  37. ""25분 거리를 10분만에… 지역경제도 살아났으면"… 27일 완전 재개통 앞둔 수인선 시범 운행". Kukmin Ilbo. 24 February 2016. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  38. "양주까지 7호선 연결 본격 시작…서울 접근성 기대".
  39. "위례신사선 민자사업, 추진 확정..2021년께 착공 예상". NewsPim. 25 October 2018.
  40. "[서울 도시철도망] 면목선, 동대문·중랑 상습정체 구간 해소". NewsPim. 20 February 2019.
  41. ^ "[서울 도시철도망]강북횡단선 등 경전철 6개 노선 신설…서울 교통지도 바뀐다". 이투데이. 20 February 2019.
  42. "News View :: The World on Arirang".
  43. "2028년까지 목동~청량리 잇는 강북횡단선 등 경전철 6개 노선 신설". The Chosun Ilbo. 20 February 2019.
  44. "우이신설역 연장 추진 확정, 솔밭공원~방학역 연결". 우먼컨슈머. 21 February 2019.
  45. "[서울 도시철도망] 면목선, 동대문·중랑 상습정체 구간 해소". NewsPim. 20 February 2019.
  46. "[서울 도시철도망] 난곡선, 남부순환로 이남 주거 밀집지 연결". NewsPim. 20 February 2019.
  47. "[서울 도시철도망] 목동선, 서부서울 철도 사각지대 해소". NewsPim. 20 February 2019.
  48. "인천시 철도과, 12월 국토부 '제2차 도시철도망구축계획' 승인 신청". 인천투데이. 16 September 2020.

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