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{{Short description|City in Punjab, Pakistan}}
`{{Refimprove|date=July 2009}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{for multi|the district|Mianwali District|other uses}}
{{Infobox settlement {{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Mianwali | name =
| native_name = {{Nastaliq|'''مِيانوالى'''}} | official_name = Mianwali
| native_name = {{Nastaliq|مِيانوالى}}
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Thal Canal.JPG | native_name_lang = pnb
| imagesize = 240px | settlement_type = ]
| image_alt = | image_skyline = MianwaliBeauty.jpg
| image_caption = Thal Canal | imagesize =
| image_map = | image_alt =
| mapsize = 100px | image_caption = View of Mianwali
| map_alt = | image_map =
| map_caption = | mapsize = 100px
| latd = 32.585411| latm = | lats = | latNS = | map_alt =
| map_caption =
| longd= 71.543617| longm= | longs= | longEW=
| coordinates = {{Coord|32|35|7|N|71|32|37|E|type:city_region:PK|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_type = region:PK_type:city
| pushpin_map = Punjab Pakistan#Pakistan
| coordinates_display =inline,title
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map = Pakistan
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| subdivision_type = ]
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| coordinates_region = PK | subdivision_name = {{PAK}}
| subdivision_type = ] | subdivision_type1 = ]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon|Punjab, Pakistan}} ]
| subdivision_name = ]
| subdivision_type1 = ] | subdivision_type2 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = ]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reporter |first=((News)) |date=14 January 2023 |title=ECP bars Punjab gov from notifying Mianwali as division |pages=1 |work=Duniya News |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/690050-ECP-bars-Punjab-gov-to-notify-Mianwali-as-division- |access-date=14 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Malik |first=Mansoor |date=January 15, 2023 |title=Punjab cabinet approves upgrade of Mianwali as division |pages=1 |work=Dawn News |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1731626/punjab-cabinet-approves-upgrade-of-mianwali-as-division |access-date=January 15, 2023}}</ref>
| subdivision_name1 = ]
| subdivision_type2 = ] | subdivision_type3 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = ] | subdivision_name3 = ]
| population_total = 110,359 (2009 estimated) | population_total = 129500
| population_as_of = | population_as_of = ] census
| population_est = | population_est =
| pop_est_as_of = | pop_est_as_of =
| population_footnotes = <ref name=city>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/pakistan/punjab/mianwali/7200104__mianwali|website=Citypopulation.de website|title= Mianwali city population per 2023 Census of Pakistan}}</ref>
| population_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = | area_total_km2 =
| elevation_m = 210 | elevation_m = 210
| elevation_m_min = | population_density_km2 =
| leader_title = ](s)
| elevation_m_max =
| leader_name = {{plain list|
| population_density_km2 =
* ''Vacant'' (])
| leader_title = ]
* ''Vacant'' (])}}
| leader_name = ]
| leader_title1 = | leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 = | leader_name1 =
| area_code = (+92)0459 | area_code = 0459
| area_code_type = ] | area_code_type = ]
| timezone1 = ] | timezone1 = ]
| utc_offset1 = +5 | utc_offset1 = +5
| website = | footnotes = {{url|https://mianwali.punjab.gov.pk/}}
| footnotes =
}} }}
'''Mianwali''' (]/{{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|مِيانوالى}}}}) city in ], is the capital city of ] in ], ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=19&dn=Mianwali|url-status=dead|title=Tehsils and Unions in the District of Mianwali (Mianwali city and Mianwali Tehsil)|website=National Reconstruction Bureau, Government of Pakistan website|archive-date =11 June 2008|access-date=4 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611223556/http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=19&dn=Mianwali}}</ref> The ] of Pakistan, it is known for its diverse population of ], ] and ] ethnicities.

'''Mianwali''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|'''مِيانوالى'''}}}}) is the capital city of ], ]. It is in the northwest of ] ] on the eastern bank of the ]. Thal Canal traverses the city and makes the surroundings picturesque. In the 1998 census of Pakistan, the city had a population of 85,000.{{citation needed|date=September 2010}} The two dominant tribes of Mianwali are ]s and ]s. Many Awans also write Malik as their last name. Awans usually associate themselves with ]i ] identity while Niazis associate themselves with Seraiki identity of South Punjab regions.

In November 1901, present day tehsils of Mianwali, Isa Khel and Piplan were separated from Bannu District and districts Bhakkar and Layyah from Dera Ismail Khan District and clubbed together to form a new district named Mianwali with its headquarters in Mianwali city. The municipal committee was founded in December 1903 and has remained operational since then.

== Infrastructure ==
The city has an FM radio station (FM 93), municipal library called Professor Muhammad Feroz Shah Library, sports complex, and hockey stadium. There are several educational institutions from elementary to post-graduate level. Mianwali is home to ], a ] accredited institute providing quality higher education to underprivileged youth.

The city has an airport built near the old ] aerodrome and known as ]. It is one of the major operational and training air bases of the country. The No. 1 Fighter Conversion Unit of the ] is stationed here.

There is a railway connecting the city with ], ] and ].

The main highways connecting to the other parts of the country include the ]–] road , MM Road (Mianwali–Muzaffargarh road), ]–] road, and the ]–] road .

Rc news Mianwali is the local online newspaper: www.rcmianwali.com/newspaper.<ref>http://www.rcmianwali.com/newspaper</ref>

===Namal College Mianwali===
In 2008, the former cricketer, philanthropist and politician ] founded the ] located about thirty kilometers from the Mianwali city. Namal an associate college of University of Bradford, offers two four-year degree programs: B. Sc. (HONS) Computer Sciences and B. Eng. Electrical & Electronics.


== History == == History ==
In 997 CE, ], took over the ] empire established by his father, ], In 1005 he conquered the ]s in ] in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of ]. The ] and later ] ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly ] due to ] ] saints whose ]s dot the landscape of ]. Mianwali District was an agricultural region with forests during the ]. Then later ] took place. In 997 CE, ] took over the ] empire established by his father, ]. In 1005 he conquered the ]s in ], followed by the conquests of ]. The ] and later ] ruled the region. The population of the Punjab region became majority ], following the conquests by various Muslim dynasties from Central Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SDPOs and Police Stations - Mianwali |url=https://www.punjabpolice.gov.pk/mianwali_directory |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=Punjab Police, Government of the Punjab website}}</ref>


Before the British rule, the area formed an integral portion of the ] ].<ref></ref> During ], the Indian empire was subdivided into provinces, divisions and districts; afterward, the independence of Pakistan ] remained the third tier of government until 2000. The British had made the town of Mianwali as tehsil headquarters of ] then part of ] of ]. The population of Mianwali, according to the 1901 ], was 3,591.<ref>], at ]</ref> Before the British rule, the area formed an integral portion of the ] ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 17, page 318 -- Imperial Gazetteer of India -- Digital South Asia Library |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V17_324.gif |access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> Immediately preceding the annexation of the Punjab by the British after the ], this area was part of the ]. During ], the Indian empire was subdivided into provinces, divisions and districts; afterward, the independence of Pakistan ] remained the third tier of government until 2000. The British had made the town of Mianwali as ] headquarters of ] then part of ] of ]. The population of Mianwali, according to the 1901 ], was 3,591.


== Geography ==
In November 1901, the ] was carved out of Punjab and the tehsils of Mianwali and ], and were separated from Bannu District (Bannu became part of NWFP). A new district was made with the headquarters in Mianwali city and placed in Punjab. The district became a part of ]. There were four tehsils: Mianwali, ], ], and ]. Layyah was included in the ] in 1909. The district became a part of ] in 1961. ] was separated from Mianwali and was made a separate district inside Sargodha Division w.e.f. 01-07-1982.
] from main Mianwali City bridge.]]


The city of Mianwali is located in North-west region of the ]. The city is located near to the ] to south west and ] to its north east. The Chasma lake is home to the Chasma Barrage, that houses a 184 MW power station.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-01-23 |title=Pakistan seeks control gear, transformer bay for 184-MW Chashma hydro project |url=https://www.hydroreview.com/world-regions/pakistan-seeks-control-gear-transformer-bay-for-184-mw-chashma-h/|access-date=2023-06-04 |website=Hydro Review website |language=en-US}}</ref> The Chasma lake also houses one of the two nuclear power facilities in Pakistan – the ]. The city has an airport built near the old ] aerodrome and known as ]. It is one of the major operational and training air bases of the country. The No. 1 Fighter Conversion Unit of the ] is stationed here. Notable locations in the vicinity of the city include:
The predominantly Muslim population supported ] and ]. After the ] of ] in 1947, the minority ]s and ]s migrated to ] while the ] refugees from ] settled in the Mianwali district.


=== Chasma Nuclear Power Plant ===
==Language==
The ''']''' (or '''CHASNUPP'''), is a large commercial ] located in the vicinities of ] in Mianwali District ] in ]. Officially known as '''Chashma Nuclear Power Complex''', the nuclear power plant is generating energy for industrial usage with four nuclear reactors with one being in planning phase in cooperation with the ]. Supported by the ] (IAEA) and ] of the ].
As per the 1998 census of Pakistan, the following are the demographics of the Mianwali district, by spoken language:


It was established in 2000, the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant became operational, when it joined the nation's grid system with ] overseeing the grid connections of the power plant. In 2004, the China National Nuclear Corporation was awarded contract for building a second unit based on the first reactor, followed by contracting for two more reactors in 2011.
* ]: 72.4%
* ]: 12%
* ]: 10%
* Others: 6%


=== M.M Alam Pakistan Airforce Base ===
Though Mianwali is claimed an integral part of the Seraiki speaking belt by the Seraiki language activists, Punjabi-Seraiki division seems to hold little influence on common people in this district. According to 1998 census three fourths (74.2 percent) of the population named their spoken language as Punjabi while only 12 per cent answered that they speak Seraiki.<ref></ref>
''']''' (]: '''MWD''', ]: '''OPMI''') is a ] ] located at Mianwali, in the ] province of ]. The base is named after ]. It primarily serves as the Fighter converter base for the Pakistan Air Force.


Originally a ] airstrip, it was decided that Mianwali would be upgraded into a satellite airbase for ] (then PAF Base Sargodha) during the ] to act as an alternate recovery airfield. The airbase was again upgraded to a permanent operational airbase in August 1974, although construction of facilities was not completed for another three years.
Inhabitants of Mianwali district speak a great variety of ] dialects.


=== Namal Institute ===
*] (central parts of the district)
The ''']''' is a ] about 20 min drive from the city of Mianwali. The institute is located on 30&nbsp;km, ] Mianwali Road near ]. Initially it was established as an affiliate college of the ]. Later in 2019, Namal College acquired a DAI (Degree Awarding Institute) status and thus became Namal Institute. There are further plans to turn the small campus into an education city, construction is already underway.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Namal Institute|url=https://www.namal.edu.pk/|access-date=2021-01-17|website=www.namal.edu.pk}}</ref>
*] (northern parts)
*] (easteren parts)
*] (southern parts in desert areas)
*] or standard (sizeable population in cities)


== Demographics ==
Other languages include:
Mianwali city has an urban population of 118,883,<ref name=city/> accounting for only about 20.82% of ] population. The rest of 79.18% of the rural population is spread around the district in small villages called Moza's. The average household size comes about to 7.1, that means on average 7 people live in one house. This is in line with Joint family culture prominent in North-West regions of ]. Mianwali has a literacy ratio of about 42.8%, considerably less than other urban cities in ].


As for male to female ratio, Male inhabitants count for 63.8% of population and female inhabitants account for the remaining 22.2%. This number may somewhat be inaccurate, as ] culture doesn't allow audience with non-]s. So census teams might have not been able to accurately access the number of females in each house.
*] which is spoken by sizeable population in the Khyber Pakhtookhawa province border areas and in the cities.
*] is mother tongue of few people but being national language is spoken and understood by the sizeable population.
*] is understood and spoken by few, mainly educated elite.


==Tribes== == Language ==
The main languages spoken in the city include ], ] and ].
City of Mianwali is a mix community of {NiaziPathan} tribes; other are Awan, Sayyed, Jat and Kattak tribes. main niazi pathan tribes of mianwali are essa khail mosa khail dawood khail bori khail and pai khail etc.

== Notable people ==
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
Lt. General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi

== Further reading ==
# "Gazetteer of the Mianwali district 1915" by Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore, Pakistan
# "Tareekh-e-Niazi Qabail"
#"Wichara Watan" By Harish Chander Nakra, New Delhi, India
# ], ''Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan" (Indus Publications, Karachi)


== See also == == See also ==
Line 128: Line 89:
==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}

*''A Glossary of the tribes & castes of Punjab'' by H. A Rose


== External links == == External links ==
* "{{usurped|1=}}"
* http://mianwalinews.wordpress.com
* "{{usurped|1=}}"
* http://www.MianwaliOnline.com
* {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Mianwali |volume=18 |page=354}}
* http://mianwalisong.blogspot.com
* http://pakfolksongs.com
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Mianwali|volume=18|page=|354}}


{{PakistanCities}} {{PakistanCities}}
Line 142: Line 99:


] ]
]

Latest revision as of 04:00, 30 November 2024

City in Punjab, Pakistan

For the district, see Mianwali District. For other uses, see Mianwali (disambiguation). City in Punjab, Pakistan
Mianwali مِيانوالى
City
View of MianwaliView of Mianwali
Mianwali is located in Punjab, PakistanMianwaliMianwaliShow map of Punjab, PakistanMianwali is located in PakistanMianwaliMianwaliShow map of Pakistan
Coordinates: 32°35′7″N 71°32′37″E / 32.58528°N 71.54361°E / 32.58528; 71.54361
Country Pakistan
ProvincePunjab, Pakistan Punjab
DivisionMianwali
DistrictMianwali
Government
 • MNA(s)
Elevation210 m (690 ft)
Population
 • Total129,500
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Calling code0459
mianwali.punjab.gov.pk

Mianwali (Punjabi/Urdu: مِيانوالى) city in Mianwali Tehsil, is the capital city of Mianwali District in Punjab, Pakistan. The 81st largest city of Pakistan, it is known for its diverse population of Punjabi, Pashtun and Saraiki ethnicities.

History

Mianwali District was an agricultural region with forests during the Indus Valley Civilization. Then later Vedic Civilization took place. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin. In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul, followed by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The population of the Punjab region became majority Muslim, following the conquests by various Muslim dynasties from Central Asia.

Before the British rule, the area formed an integral portion of the Graeco-Bactrian Empire of Kabul and the Punjab. Immediately preceding the annexation of the Punjab by the British after the Second Anglo-Sikh War, this area was part of the Sikh Empire. During British rule, the Indian empire was subdivided into provinces, divisions and districts; afterward, the independence of Pakistan divisions remained the third tier of government until 2000. The British had made the town of Mianwali as tehsil headquarters of Bannu District then part of Dera Ismail Khan Division of Punjab province. The population of Mianwali, according to the 1901 census of India, was 3,591.

Geography

Image of the iconic Thal Canal from main Mianwali City bridge.
Image of the Thal Canal from main Mianwali City bridge.

The city of Mianwali is located in North-west region of the Punjab. The city is located near to the Chashma lake to south west and Namal Lake to its north east. The Chasma lake is home to the Chasma Barrage, that houses a 184 MW power station. The Chasma lake also houses one of the two nuclear power facilities in Pakistan – the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant. The city has an airport built near the old World War II aerodrome and known as M.M.Alam Base Mianwali. It is one of the major operational and training air bases of the country. The No. 1 Fighter Conversion Unit of the PAF is stationed here. Notable locations in the vicinity of the city include:

Chasma Nuclear Power Plant

The Chashma Nuclear Power Plant (or CHASNUPP), is a large commercial nuclear power plant located in the vicinities of Chashma colony in Mianwali District Punjab in Pakistan. Officially known as Chashma Nuclear Power Complex, the nuclear power plant is generating energy for industrial usage with four nuclear reactors with one being in planning phase in cooperation with the China. Supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Department of Energy of the United States.

It was established in 2000, the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant became operational, when it joined the nation's grid system with China National Nuclear Corporation overseeing the grid connections of the power plant. In 2004, the China National Nuclear Corporation was awarded contract for building a second unit based on the first reactor, followed by contracting for two more reactors in 2011.

M.M Alam Pakistan Airforce Base

PAF Base M.M. Alam (IATA: MWD, ICAO: OPMI) is a Pakistan Air Force airbase located at Mianwali, in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The base is named after Muhammad Mahmood Alam. It primarily serves as the Fighter converter base for the Pakistan Air Force.

Originally a World War II airstrip, it was decided that Mianwali would be upgraded into a satellite airbase for PAF Base Mushaf (then PAF Base Sargodha) during the 1965 Indo-Pak War to act as an alternate recovery airfield. The airbase was again upgraded to a permanent operational airbase in August 1974, although construction of facilities was not completed for another three years.

Namal Institute

The Namal Institute is a private university about 20 min drive from the city of Mianwali. The institute is located on 30 km, Talagang Mianwali Road near Namal Lake. Initially it was established as an affiliate college of the University of Bradford, UK. Later in 2019, Namal College acquired a DAI (Degree Awarding Institute) status and thus became Namal Institute. There are further plans to turn the small campus into an education city, construction is already underway.

Demographics

Mianwali city has an urban population of 118,883, accounting for only about 20.82% of Mianwali District's population. The rest of 79.18% of the rural population is spread around the district in small villages called Moza's. The average household size comes about to 7.1, that means on average 7 people live in one house. This is in line with Joint family culture prominent in North-West regions of Pakistan. Mianwali has a literacy ratio of about 42.8%, considerably less than other urban cities in Punjab.

As for male to female ratio, Male inhabitants count for 63.8% of population and female inhabitants account for the remaining 22.2%. This number may somewhat be inaccurate, as Parda culture doesn't allow audience with non-Mahrams. So census teams might have not been able to accurately access the number of females in each house.

Language

The main languages spoken in the city include Punjabi, Pashto and Urdu.

See also

References

  1. Reporter, News (14 January 2023). "ECP bars Punjab gov from notifying Mianwali as division". Duniya News. p. 1. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  2. Malik, Mansoor (15 January 2023). "Punjab cabinet approves upgrade of Mianwali as division". Dawn News. p. 1. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  3. ^ "Mianwali city population per 2023 Census of Pakistan". Citypopulation.de website.
  4. "Tehsils and Unions in the District of Mianwali (Mianwali city and Mianwali Tehsil)". National Reconstruction Bureau, Government of Pakistan website. Archived from the original on 11 June 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  5. "SDPOs and Police Stations - Mianwali". Punjab Police, Government of the Punjab website. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  6. "Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 17, page 318 -- Imperial Gazetteer of India -- Digital South Asia Library". Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  7. "Pakistan seeks control gear, transformer bay for 184-MW Chashma hydro project". Hydro Review website. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  8. "Namal Institute". www.namal.edu.pk. Retrieved 17 January 2021.

External links

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Administrative divisions of Mianwali District
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