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{{About|the sovereign state declared in 2014|the autonomous republic claimed by the Ukraine|Crimea|the peninsula|Crimean Peninsula|Crimea|Crimea (disambiguation)}} |
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{{mergeto|Republic of Crimea|date=March 2014}} |
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{{Rcat shell| |
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{{Infobox Former Country |
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{{R to section}} |
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|p1=Ukraine |
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|flag_p1=Flag of Ukraine.svg |
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|s1=Republic of Crimea |
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|flag_s1=Flag of Russia.svg |
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|year_start=2014 |
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|year_end=2014 |
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|continent=Europe |
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|conventional_long_name=Republic of Crimea |
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|native_name=Республика Крым<br/>Къырым Джумхуриети<br/>Республіка Крим |
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|common_name=Republic of Crimea |
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|government_type=]<ref name="KrimRada" /> |
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|legislature=] |
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|event_start = ] |
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|date_start = 11 March |
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|event1=] |
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|date_event1=16 March 2014 |
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|event2=] |
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|date_event2=17 March 2014<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/17/world/europe/ukraine-crisis/|title=Crimea votes to break from Ukraine, join Russia. What happens next?|publisher=CNN|date=March 17, 2014|accessdate=March 17, 2014|author=Marie-Louise Gumuchian|quote=On Monday, lawmakers in Crimea approved a resolution that declared the Black Sea peninsula an independent, sovereign state. They then filed an appeal to join the Russian Federation.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://rt.com/news/crimea-referendum-results-official-250/|title=Crimea votes to join Russian Federation: 96.77% say YES|publisher=RT|quote=Crimea was declared an independent sovereign state, the Republic of Crimea, on Monday, the autonomous Ukrainian regional parliament's website stated. The Supreme Council of Crimea unanimously voted to integrate of the region into Russia.}}</ref> |
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|event3=] |
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|date_event3= 17 March 2014 |
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|event4 = ] |
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|date_event4= 18 March 2014 |
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|event_end = Ratification |
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|date_end= 21 March |
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|image_flag=Flag of Crimea.svg |
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|flag=Flag of Crimea |
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|image_coat=Emblem of Crimea.svg |
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|symbol=Coat of arms of Crimea |
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|image_map=RepublicOfCrimeaEuropeMap.png |
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|image_map_caption = {{map caption|location_color=green|countryprefix=the|country=Crimean peninsula|region=Europe|region_color=none}} |
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|capital=]<br><small>{{Coord|44|57|N|34|06|E}}</small> |
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|national_motto = {{native phrase|ru|"Процветание в единстве"|italics=off}}<br/>'']''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|(])<br/>"Prosperity in unity"}} |
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|national_anthem = {{native name|ru|"]"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>''Nivy i gory tvoi volshebny, Rodina''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|(transliteration)<br/>''Your fields and mountains are magical, Motherland''}} |
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|common_languages = {{plainlist| |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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}} |
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}} |
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|stat_year1 = Total |
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|stat_area1 = 26100 |
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|stat_year2 = 2007 |
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|stat_pop2 = 2352385 |
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|stat_area2 = 26100 |
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|footnotes = <big>{{nowrap|'''Today claimed by'''{{spaces|2}}{{flag|Russia}} & {{flag|Ukraine}}}}</big> |
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|width=265px |
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}} |
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The '''Republic of Crimea''' ({{lang-ru|Республика Крым}}; ]: Къырым Джумхуриети, ''Qırım Cumhuriyeti''; {{lang-ua|Республіка Крим}}) was a ], ] ] that claimed the entirety of the ] in the ], south of ] and west of southern ]. The country was established for a little more than a day as a result of the ], before it was ] as one of ]. The incorporation of Crimea into Russia was not generally recognized internationally. |
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The country was formed as the reunification of the ] and the city of ]—recognized internationally as ]—into a single united nation. Both regions had previously adopted a joint resolution ], as well as a resolution expressing their intention to unite with Russia. For this purpose, both governments had called for ]. While the majority of those voting in the controversial referendum voted for independence from Ukraine, internationally the legitimacy and impartiality of the vote was not recognized, particularly since it took place in a situation of a purported Russian occupation of the peninsula. One day after the referendum, both regions reunited and declared their independence as a single nation. Russia recognized the sovereignty of the newly formed nation the same day.<ref>http://en.ria.ru/russia/20140317/188525924/Russia-Recognizes-Crimeas-Independence.html</ref> The republic applied to join the Russian Federation as ] at the same time its leaders declared independence,<ref>{{cite web|title=Ukraine 'will never accept' Crimea annexation, President says|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/03/17/world/europe/ukraine-crisis/index.html?hpt=hp_t2|publisher=CNN|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> and Russian authorities quickly started the process of admitting Crimea and Sevastopol.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ukraine crisis: Putin signs Russia-Crimea treaty|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26630062|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=18 March 2014}}</ref> |
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On March 21, 2014 the Russian ] ratified the ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/724749|title=Russian Federation Council ratifies treaty on Crimea’s entry to Russia|publisher=]|date=21 March 2014 |accessdate=March 21, 2014}}</ref> and ] ] signed the treaty into effect that same day, with the accession backdated to March 18.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/724785|title=Putin signs laws on reunification of Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol with Russia|publisher=]|date=21 March 2014 |accessdate=March 21, 2014}}</ref> |
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], along with ], did not recognize the Republic of Crimea's claim to sovereignty, nor the reunification of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea with Sevastopol, nor the referendum that paved the way for Crimean secession. |
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==History== |
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{{main|History of Crimea}} |
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Formerly annexed by the ], Crimea was reoccupied by the ] in 1921 and was granted the status of autonomous republic. After the ] in 1945 the Soviet authorities ] the indigenous population of ] and the autonomous status of the region was stripped. In 1954, the ] of the ] ] the region to Ukraine. Ukraine restored Crimea's ] in 1991 and allowed all Crimean Tatars to return. Crimea's autonomous status was further reiterated in 1996 with the ratification of Ukraine's ], which declared Crimea to be the "Autonomous Republic of Crimea", but also an "inseparable constituent part of Ukraine."<ref name="Wikisource">{{cite web|title=Constitution of Ukraine, 1996|url=https://en.wikisource.org/Constitution_of_Ukraine,_1996|accessdate=March 12, 2014}}</ref> |
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On March 11, 2014, amidst the ], the ] and the ] City Council ] to ] from Ukraine.<ref name="KrimRada">{{cite web|title=Парламент Крыма принял Декларацию о независимости АРК и г. Севастополя|url=http://www.rada.crimea.ua/news/11_03_2014_1|publisher=Государственный Совет Республики Крым|accessdate=18 March 2014|date=11 March 2014}}</ref> The document specifically mentioned ] in the lead part.<ref name="KrimRada" /> |
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The declaration was done in an attempt to legitimize a ] where citizens were to vote on whether Crimea should apply to join Russia as a ], or remain part of Ukraine. |
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==Referendum== |
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{{main|Crimean referendum, 2014}} |
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On March 16, 2014, a large majority (reported as 95% of those who voted) voted in favour of independence of Crimea from Ukraine and joining Russia as a federal subject.<ref name=autogenerated2></ref><ref></ref> The BBC reported that most of the Crimean Tatars that they interviewed were boycotting the vote.<ref name=autogenerated2 /> Prime Minister ] stated that 40% of Crimean Tatars took part in the referendum, and according to Russian state media, polling data showed a majority of Tatars in Sevastopol voted to join Russia, with a turnout of over 50% in the city.<ref>{{cite news|title=About 40% of Crimean Tatars take part in Crimean referendum – Prime Minister|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/world/723832|accessdate=March 16, 2014|newspaper=ITAR-TASS|date=March 16, 2014}}</ref> The ], ] and the ] condemned the vote as illegal.<ref name=autogenerated2 /><ref></ref> |
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After the referendum, Crimean lawmakers formally voted both to secede from Ukraine and ask for membership in the Russian Federation. The Sevastopol City Council, however, requested the port's separate admission as a ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/18/world/europe/european-union-ukraine.html?hpw&rref=world&_r=0|agency=The New York Times|title=Lawmakers in Crimea Move Swiftly to Split From Ukraine|date=17 March 2014|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> |
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==International recognition== |
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{{main|International recognition of the Republic of Crimea}} |
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As of March 18, the only UN state to recognize the Republic of Crimea's independence was ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://eng.kremlin.ru/news/6884|agency=Kremlin|title=Executive Order on recognising Republic of Crimea|date=17 March 2014|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> |
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On March 18, 2014, Russia and Crimea signed a treaty of accession of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol in the Russian Federation following President Putin’s address to the Parliament. The treaty will enter into force upon ratification.<ref>http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/724537</ref> During the transition period which will last till January 1, 2015, both sides will resolve the issues of integration of the new subjects “in the economic, financial, credit and legal system of the Russian Federation.”<ref name=annexation>{{cite news| url=http://rt.com/news/putin-include-crimea-sevastopol-russia-578/ | work=Russia Today | title=Treaty to accept Crimea, Sevastopol to Russian Federation signed | date=March 18, 2014}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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{{Portal|Crimea|Russia}} |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist|2}} |
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==External links== |
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* {{URL|http://crimea.ru}} |
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{{2014 Crimean crisis}} |
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{{Countries of Europe}} |
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{{Countries bordering the Black Sea}} |
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{{States with limited recognition}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2014}} |
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