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{{Short description|Irish painter (1856–1941)}}
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{{for-multi|the Northern Irish footballer|John Lavery (footballer, born 1919)|the English footballer|John Lavery (footballer, born 1877)}}
].]]
{{EngvarB|date=June 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox artist
| honorific_prefix = Sir
| name = John Lavery
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Unknown photographer - Portrait of Sir John Lavery (cropped).jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Lavery in 1909
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1856|03|20}}
| birth_place = ], ], Ireland
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1941|01|10|1856|03|20}}
| death_place = ], ], Ireland
| resting_place = ]
| resting_place_coordinates =
| nationality = Irish
| education =
| alma_mater = Haldane Academy
| known_for = portraits and wartime depictions
| notable_works =
| style =
| movement =
| spouse = Kathleen MacDermott (1889–1891) <br>] (1909–1935)
| awards =
| elected =
| patrons =
| memorials =
| website =
| module =
}}


'''Sir John Lavery''' (], ] - ], ]) was an Irish painter best known for his portraits. '''Sir John Lavery''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|PPRUA|RA|RSA|RHA}} (20 March 1856 – 10 January 1941) was an Irish painter best known for his portraits and wartime depictions.


==Life and career==
Belfast-born John Lavery attended the Haldane Academy in ], ], in the 1870s and the ] in Paris in the early 1880s. He returned to Glasgow and was associated with the "Glasgow School". In ] he was commissioned to paint the state visit of ] to the ]. This launched his career as a society painter and he moved to ] soon after. In London he became friendly with ] and was clearly influenced by him.


John Lavery was born in inner North ], on 20 March 1856 and baptised at ]. While still a child, he moved to Scotland where he attended Haldane Academy in ] in the 1870s.<ref name=":0" /> In 1878, he set up his own studio which was razed in a fire in the following year. With a £300 insurance pay-out, he spent a year studying at Heatherley's School in London.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Festival of Britain 1951 in Northern Ireland: official souvenir handbook|publisher=HR Carter Ltd|year=1951|location=Belfast|pages=70}}</ref> Lavery continued his studies at the ]<ref name=":0">{{Art UK bio|ref=1}}</ref> in Paris in the early 1880s. He returned to Glasgow and was associated with the ]. ], a wealthy shipowner, was a faithful patron of Scottish artists including ], with whom Lavery studied. In 1888, he was commissioned to paint the state visit of ] to the ]. This launched his career as a society painter and he moved to London soon after. In 1896, ] commissioned Lavery to paint a portrait of his sister Mary Burrell.
John Lavery's first wife, whom he married in 1889, died of ] in 1891. In 1909 Lavery married ] (née Martyn) (1887 - 1935), an Irish-American known for her beauty and poise. She was to figure in many of his paintings; for example, the sumptuous '''The Artist's Studio: Lady Hazel with her Daughter Alice and Step-Daughter Eileen''', currently is in the ].
This portrait was exhibited widely and is considered one of Lavery's finest works. Another portrait of Mrs. Burrell was altered to become the "Red Rose" portrait of Hazel Lavery.
{{multiple image
| align = left
| direction = horizontal
| header =
| header_align = center
| header_background =
| footer =
| footer_align = left
| footer_background =
| total_width = 500
| image1 = John Lavery - Lady in Blue and White.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Kathleen MacDermott - ''A Lady in Blue and White'', 1890
| image2 = Miss_Mary_Burrell_(38575835951).jpg
| alt2 =
| caption2 = Miss Mary Burrell
| image3 = John Lavery - The Red Rose.jpg
| alt3 =
| caption3 = Hazel Lavery - ''The Red Rose'', 1923
}}
In his memoir, Lavery acknowledged Burrell's patronage.<ref>Lavery, John (1940) "The Life of a Painter" Boston: Little Brown {{ISBN|9789333100694}}</ref>


From 1910, he painted portraits of notable subjects including ], ], ], and the Irish politicians ] and ]. He also painted a number of naval pictures of the fleet at ], which he presented to the ].<ref>{{EB1922|inline=y|title=Lavery, Sir John|volume=31|page=731|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri31chisrich/page/731/mode/1up?view=theater}}</ref>
She modelled for the allegorical figure of Ireland he painted on commission from the Irish government, reproduced on ] from 1928 until 1975 and then as a watermark until the introduction of the ] in 2002. She is reputed to have had affairs with ] and ]; the latter died with a letter to her in his pocket.


In London, Lavery became friendly with ] and was clearly influenced by him.
Like ] Lavery was appointed an official artist in the ]. Ill-health, however, prevented him from travelling to the ]; he remained in Britain and mostly painted boats, planes and airships. After the war he was knighted and in 1921 he was elected to the ]. During this time, he and his wife both became interested in their Irish heritage and were tangentially involved in both the ] and the ]: they gave the use of their London home to the Irish negotiators during the Treaty negotiations. After Collins was killed, Lavery painted ''Michael Collins, Love of Ireland'', now in the ].


Like ], Lavery was appointed an official artist in the ]. Ill health, however, prevented him from travelling to the ]. A serious car crash during a ] bombing raid also kept him from fulfilling this role as a war artist. He remained in Britain and mostly painted boats, aeroplanes and airships. During the war years, he was a close friend of the ] family and spent time with them at their ] Thames-side residence, painting their portraits and idyllic pictures like ''Summer on the River'' (]).
In 1929 John Lavery made substantial donations of his work to both ] and the ] and in the 1930s he returned to Ireland. He received honorary degrees from ] and the ]. He was also made a free man of both ] and ].


After the war he was knighted<ref>{{cite news|title=New Year Honours. The Official Lists., New Peers And Baronets., Long Roll of Soldiers (transcription)|url=http://en.wikisource.org/The_Times/1918/Honours/New_Year#John_Lavery|work=]|location=London, UK|page=8; col B|date=1 January 1918|issue=41675|access-date=24 December 2008}}</ref> and in 1921 he was elected to the ]. His work was also part of the art competitions at the ], the ], and the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/920503|title=John Lavery |work=Olympedia |access-date=23 July 2020}}</ref>
He died in ], aged 84, from natural causes.


During this time, he and his wife, ], were tangentially involved in the ] and the ]. They gave the use of their London home to the Irish negotiators during the negotiations leading to the ]. After ] was assassinated, Lavery painted ''Michael Collins, Love of Ireland'', now in the ] in Dublin. In 1929, Lavery made substantial donations of his work to both ] and the Hugh Lane Municipal Gallery and in the 1930s he returned to Ireland. He received honorary degrees from the ] and ]. He was also made a ] of both ] and ]. A long-standing member of ], Lavery exhibited at the club's annual exhibitions, including its exhibition in 1939 in which his ''The Lake at Ranelagh'' was included.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=zEZAAAAAIBAJ&pg=2550,117996&dq=glasgow+art+club&hl=en|title=The Glasgow Herald – Google News Archive Search}}</ref>
==Works in Collections==

*]
==Personal life==
*]

{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| header =
| header_align = center
| header_background =
| footer =
| footer_align = left
| footer_background =
| total_width = 400
| image1 = Woman with golden turban lavery.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Woman with golden turban, ] née Hazel Martyn
| image2 = Hazel in rise and grey john lavery.jpg
| alt2 =
| caption2 = Hazel in rose and grey
}}

Lavery was an orphan raised by relatives in Moira, County Down. Lavery's first wife, Kathleen MacDermott, whom he married in 1889, died of ] in 1891, shortly after the birth of their daughter, Eileen (later ], 1890–1935).

In 1909 Lavery remarried, to ] (1886–1935), an Irish-American known for her beauty and poise, who had a daughter, Alice Trudeau (Mrs. Jack McEnery, from 1963 Mrs ]) (1904-1991) from a previous marriage.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCoole, Sinéad |title=Lavery, Hazel |url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/gywnn-denis-rolleston-a3691 |website=Dictionary of Irish Biography}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Murphy, John A. |title=Denis Rolleston Gwynn |url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/gywnn-denis-rolleston-a3691 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Irish Dictionary of Biography}}</ref> Hazel Lavery was depicted in more than 400 of her husband's paintings. The sumptuous ''The Artist's Studio: Lady Lavery with her Daughter Alice and Step-Daughter Eileen'', is currently in the ].

Hazel Lavery modelled for ] he painted on commission from the Irish government, reproduced on ] from 1928 until 1975 and then as a watermark until the introduction of the ] in 2002. The Laverys' marriage was tempestuous, and Lady Lavery rumoured to have been unfaithful.<ref name=Independent2006-07-16/>

Sir John Lavery died in ], ], County Kilkenny on 10 January 1941, aged 84, from natural causes, and was interred in ].

==Works in collections==

*]
*]
*The ], Glasgow
**Portrait of Miss Mary Burrell
*] *]
*], Cork, including: *], Cork, including:
** **'']'' (1923)
*], London *], London
*], Dublin, including: *], Dublin, including:
** **
** **
*The ] (IMMA) *The ]
*The ] (IMMA)
**''Miss ] in Her Oriental Costume'' Deaccessioned 2000
**''Miss ] in Her Oriental Costume'' Deaccessioned 2000
*] *]
*], Dublin *], Dublin
*], Kilkenny
*], Belgrade
*], London, including: *], London, including:
** **''The Glasgow Exhibition 1888'' (1888)
** **''The Chess Players'' (1929)
*], Belfast *The ], Belfast
*] *The ], Liverpool, including: "Hazel in Rose and Gold".

===Lavery on Location===
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| header = Lavery on Location
| header_align = center
| header_background =
| footer =
| footer_align = left
| footer_background =
| total_width = 400
| image1 = Gallery Staircase (geograph 7679472).jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = The National Gallery of Ireland staircase to the exhibition in December 2023.
| image2 = Lavery on Location @ Royal Scottish Academy.jpg
| alt2 =
| caption2 = The Royal Scottish Academy building advertising the exhibition in October 2024.
}}

The ''Lavery on Location'' ] brought together works by Lavery to three national galleries for the first time.<ref name="LoL2">{{cite web|url=https://www.ulstermuseum.org/session/lavery-location|title=Lavery On Location|access-date=2024-10-05|work=]|archive-date=2024-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222143951/https://www.ulstermuseum.org/session/lavery-location|url-status=live}}</ref>

*], Dublin (7 October 2023{{en dash}}14 January 2024).<ref name="LoL1">{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalgallery.ie/art-and-artists/exhibitions/lavery-location|title=Lavery On Location|access-date=2024-10-05|work=]|archive-date=2023-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210110539/https://www.nationalgallery.ie/art-and-artists/exhibitions/lavery-location |url-status=live}}</ref>
*], Belfast (27 February{{en dash}}6 June 2024).<ref name="LoL2"/>
*] (RSA), Edinburgh (20 July{{en dash}}27 October 2024).<ref name="LoL3">{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalgalleries.org/exhibition/irish-impressionist-lavery-location|title=An Irish Impressionist - Lavery on Location|access-date=2024-10-05|work=]|archive-date=2024-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719044852/https://www.nationalgalleries.org/exhibition/irish-impressionist-lavery-location|url-status=live}}</ref> In the RSA the full name of the exhibition was ''An Irish Impressionist | Lavery on Location''.<ref name="LoL3"/>
{{clear}}
<gallery mode=packed heights=168px caption="Wartime pictures">

File:John Lavery - IWM War Room.jpg|War Room – depicts surrender of the German High Seas Fleet on board of {{HMS|Queen Elizabeth|1913|6}} (November 1918)
File:Munitions, Newcastle, 1917 by John Lavery.jpg|Munitions, Newcastle, 1917
File:A Coast Defence - an 18-pounder anti-aircraft gun, Tyneside, 1917 by John Lavery.jpg|A Coast Defence – an 18-pounder anti-aircraft gun, Tyneside, 1917
File:A Convoy, North Sea, 1918. From Ns 7- painted from an airship off the coast of Norway Art.IWMART1257.jpg|A Convoy, North Sea, 1918
File:The Wounded At Dover, 1918 by John Lavery.jpg|The Wounded at Dover, 1918
File:Army Post Office 3, Boulogne, 1919 by John Lavery.jpg|Army Post Office 3, Boulogne, 1919
</gallery>
<gallery mode="packed" heights="133" caption="Other">
File:John Lavery - Sir Winston Churchill.jpg|Winston Churchill, 1915
File:Gaines Ruger Donoho by John Lavery.jpg|Gaines Ruger Donoho
File:The Tennis Party - Sir John Lavery - ABDAG002350.jpg|''The Tennis Party'', 1885, ]
File:SirJohnLaveryARally1885.jpg|Sir John Lavery, A Rally, 1885
File:Sir John Lavery (1856 - 1941) - Portrait of a Young Woman - ABDAG002497 - Aberdeen City Council (Archives, Gallery and Museums Collection).jpg|link=|''Portrait of a Young Woman'', 1888
File:Mrs Burrell, Lavery 1903.jpg|Portrait of ]
File:Walter Burton Harris, Gemälde von Sir John Lavery (1907).jpg|], 1907
File:Mrs Lavery sketching.jpg|''Mrs Lavery sketching'', 1910
File:Lavery23.jpg|] as a Bacchante
File:Lavery32.jpg|Lady Lavery
File:John Lavery - A Summer Afternoon.jpg|A Summer Afternoon
File:John Lavery - On the Riviera.jpg|On the Riviera
File:The Opening of the Modern Foreign and Sargent Galleries at the Tate Gallery, 26 June 1926.JPG|The Opening of the Modern Foreign and Sargent Galleries at the Tate Gallery, 26 June 1926
File:The Chess Players, John Lavery (1929).jpg|The Chess Players, 1929
File:Evelyn Farquhar by John Lavery.jpg|Lady Evelyn Farquhar, 1906
</gallery>


==See also== ==See also==

*]
*]
*]
*]
*]


==References== ==References==

*Anne Millar Stewart (2003), ''Lavery, Sir John'' in Brian Lalor (Ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of Ireland''. Dublin: Gill and Macmillian. ISBN 0-7171-3000-2
{{reflist|refs=<ref name=Independent2006-07-16>
*Sinéad McCoole (2003), ''Lavery, Hazel, Lady'' in Brian Lalor (Ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of Ireland''. Dublin: Gill and Macmillian. ISBN 0-7171-3000-2
{{Cite news|last=Tallant|first=Nicola|title=Collins didn't have affair with Lady Lavery: claim|newspaper=]|date=16 July 2006|url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/collins-didnt-have-affair-with-lady-lavery-claim-132628.html|access-date=23 January 2011}}</ref>}}

==Further reading==

* Sinéad McCoole, "Hazel: A Life of Lady Lavery, 1880–1935", ], 1997. {{ISBN|1-874675-84-8}}
* Anne Millar Stewart (2003), "Lavery, Sir John" in Brian Lalor (Ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of Ireland''. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. {{ISBN|0-7171-3000-2}}
* Sinéad McCoole (2003), "Lavery, Hazel, Lady" in Brian Lalor (Ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of Ireland''. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. {{ISBN|0-7171-3000-2}}
* {{cite TIWW |article=Lavery, Sir John |page=132 }}


==External links== ==External links==

*
{{commons category|John Lavery}}
{{EB1911 poster|Lavery, John}}
* {{Art UK bio}}
*
* *
* *
*
*
*John Lavery, (1940 autobiography).
* (at YouTube.com)
{{Authority control (arts)}}


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Latest revision as of 10:27, 8 November 2024

Irish painter (1856–1941) For the Northern Irish footballer, see John Lavery (footballer, born 1919). For the English footballer, see John Lavery (footballer, born 1877).

SirJohn Lavery
Lavery in 1909
Born(1856-03-20)20 March 1856
Belfast, County Antrim, Ireland
Died10 January 1941(1941-01-10) (aged 84)
Kilmoganny, County Kilkenny, Ireland
Resting placePutney Vale Cemetery
NationalityIrish
Alma materHaldane Academy
Known forportraits and wartime depictions
Spouse(s)Kathleen MacDermott (1889–1891)
Hazel Martyn (1909–1935)

Sir John Lavery RA RSA RHA (20 March 1856 – 10 January 1941) was an Irish painter best known for his portraits and wartime depictions.

Life and career

John Lavery was born in inner North Belfast, on 20 March 1856 and baptised at St Patrick's Church, Belfast. While still a child, he moved to Scotland where he attended Haldane Academy in Glasgow in the 1870s. In 1878, he set up his own studio which was razed in a fire in the following year. With a £300 insurance pay-out, he spent a year studying at Heatherley's School in London. Lavery continued his studies at the Académie Julian in Paris in the early 1880s. He returned to Glasgow and was associated with the Glasgow School. William Burrell, a wealthy shipowner, was a faithful patron of Scottish artists including Joseph Crawhall II, with whom Lavery studied. In 1888, he was commissioned to paint the state visit of Queen Victoria to the Glasgow International Exhibition. This launched his career as a society painter and he moved to London soon after. In 1896, William Burrell commissioned Lavery to paint a portrait of his sister Mary Burrell. This portrait was exhibited widely and is considered one of Lavery's finest works. Another portrait of Mrs. Burrell was altered to become the "Red Rose" portrait of Hazel Lavery.

Kathleen MacDermott - A Lady in Blue and White, 1890Miss Mary BurrellHazel Lavery - The Red Rose, 1923

In his memoir, Lavery acknowledged Burrell's patronage.

From 1910, he painted portraits of notable subjects including Winston Churchill, H. H. Asquith, Lord Derby, and the Irish politicians John Redmond and Edward Carson. He also painted a number of naval pictures of the fleet at Scapa Flow, which he presented to the Imperial War Museum.

In London, Lavery became friendly with James McNeill Whistler and was clearly influenced by him.

Like William Orpen, Lavery was appointed an official artist in the First World War. Ill health, however, prevented him from travelling to the Western Front. A serious car crash during a Zeppelin bombing raid also kept him from fulfilling this role as a war artist. He remained in Britain and mostly painted boats, aeroplanes and airships. During the war years, he was a close friend of the Asquith family and spent time with them at their Sutton Courtenay Thames-side residence, painting their portraits and idyllic pictures like Summer on the River (Hugh Lane Gallery).

After the war he was knighted and in 1921 he was elected to the Royal Academy. His work was also part of the art competitions at the 1924 Summer Olympics, the 1928 Summer Olympics, and the 1932 Summer Olympics.

During this time, he and his wife, Hazel, were tangentially involved in the Irish War of Independence and the Irish Civil War. They gave the use of their London home to the Irish negotiators during the negotiations leading to the Anglo-Irish Treaty. After Michael Collins was assassinated, Lavery painted Michael Collins, Love of Ireland, now in the Hugh Lane Municipal Gallery in Dublin. In 1929, Lavery made substantial donations of his work to both The Ulster Museum and the Hugh Lane Municipal Gallery and in the 1930s he returned to Ireland. He received honorary degrees from the University of Dublin and Queen's University Belfast. He was also made a freeman of both Dublin and Belfast. A long-standing member of Glasgow Art Club, Lavery exhibited at the club's annual exhibitions, including its exhibition in 1939 in which his The Lake at Ranelagh was included.

Personal life

Woman with golden turban, Hazel Lavery née Hazel MartynHazel in rose and grey

Lavery was an orphan raised by relatives in Moira, County Down. Lavery's first wife, Kathleen MacDermott, whom he married in 1889, died of tuberculosis in 1891, shortly after the birth of their daughter, Eileen (later Lady Sempill, 1890–1935).

In 1909 Lavery remarried, to Hazel Martyn (1886–1935), an Irish-American known for her beauty and poise, who had a daughter, Alice Trudeau (Mrs. Jack McEnery, from 1963 Mrs Denis Rolleston Gwynn) (1904-1991) from a previous marriage. Hazel Lavery was depicted in more than 400 of her husband's paintings. The sumptuous The Artist's Studio: Lady Lavery with her Daughter Alice and Step-Daughter Eileen, is currently in the National Gallery of Ireland.

Hazel Lavery modelled for the allegorical figure of Ireland he painted on commission from the Irish government, reproduced on Irish banknotes from 1928 until 1975 and then as a watermark until the introduction of the Euro in 2002. The Laverys' marriage was tempestuous, and Lady Lavery rumoured to have been unfaithful.

Sir John Lavery died in Rossenarra House, Kilmoganny, County Kilkenny on 10 January 1941, aged 84, from natural causes, and was interred in Putney Vale Cemetery.

Works in collections

Lavery on Location

Lavery on LocationThe National Gallery of Ireland staircase to the exhibition in December 2023.The Royal Scottish Academy building advertising the exhibition in October 2024.

The Lavery on Location touring exhibition brought together works by Lavery to three national galleries for the first time.

  • Wartime pictures
  • War Room – depicts surrender of the German High Seas Fleet on board of HMS Queen Elizabeth (November 1918) War Room – depicts surrender of the German High Seas Fleet on board of HMS Queen Elizabeth (November 1918)
  • Munitions, Newcastle, 1917 Munitions, Newcastle, 1917
  • A Coast Defence – an 18-pounder anti-aircraft gun, Tyneside, 1917 A Coast Defence – an 18-pounder anti-aircraft gun, Tyneside, 1917
  • A Convoy, North Sea, 1918 A Convoy, North Sea, 1918
  • The Wounded at Dover, 1918 The Wounded at Dover, 1918
  • Army Post Office 3, Boulogne, 1919 Army Post Office 3, Boulogne, 1919
  • Other
  • Winston Churchill, 1915 Winston Churchill, 1915
  • Gaines Ruger Donoho Gaines Ruger Donoho
  • The Tennis Party, 1885, Aberdeen Art Gallery The Tennis Party, 1885, Aberdeen Art Gallery
  • Sir John Lavery, A Rally, 1885 Sir John Lavery, A Rally, 1885
  • Portrait of a Young Woman, 1888 Portrait of a Young Woman, 1888
  • Portrait of Mrs Burrell Portrait of Mrs Burrell
  • Walter Burton Harris, 1907 Walter Burton Harris, 1907
  • Mrs Lavery sketching, 1910 Mrs Lavery sketching, 1910
  • Mrs Ralph Peto as a Bacchante Mrs Ralph Peto as a Bacchante
  • Lady Lavery Lady Lavery
  • A Summer Afternoon A Summer Afternoon
  • On the Riviera On the Riviera
  • The Opening of the Modern Foreign and Sargent Galleries at the Tate Gallery, 26 June 1926 The Opening of the Modern Foreign and Sargent Galleries at the Tate Gallery, 26 June 1926
  • The Chess Players, 1929 The Chess Players, 1929
  • Lady Evelyn Farquhar, 1906 Lady Evelyn Farquhar, 1906

See also

References

  1. ^ 380 artworks by or after John Lavery, Art UK
  2. Festival of Britain 1951 in Northern Ireland: official souvenir handbook. Belfast: HR Carter Ltd. 1951. p. 70.
  3. Lavery, John (1940) "The Life of a Painter" Boston: Little Brown ISBN 9789333100694
  4.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Lavery, Sir John". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 31 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 731.
  5. "New Year Honours. The Official Lists., New Peers And Baronets., Long Roll of Soldiers (transcription)". The Times. No. 41675. London, UK. 1 January 1918. p. 8; col B. Retrieved 24 December 2008.
  6. "John Lavery". Olympedia. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  7. "The Glasgow Herald – Google News Archive Search".
  8. McCoole, Sinéad. "Lavery, Hazel". Dictionary of Irish Biography.
  9. Murphy, John A. "Denis Rolleston Gwynn". Irish Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  10. Tallant, Nicola (16 July 2006). "Collins didn't have affair with Lady Lavery: claim". Irish Independent. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  11. ^ "Lavery On Location". Ulster Museum. Archived from the original on 22 February 2024. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
  12. "Lavery On Location". National Gallery of Ireland. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
  13. ^ "An Irish Impressionist - Lavery on Location". National Gallery of Ireland. Archived from the original on 19 July 2024. Retrieved 5 October 2024.

Further reading

External links

Categories: