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{{Short description|Type of electrical plug}}
] ]
⚫ The '''Europlug''' (CEE 7/16) is a non-rewirable flat, two-pole domestic ] ] that must be supplied attached to a ]. It is designed for ]s up to 250 ] and ] up to 2.5 A.<ref name="en50075">. ], Brussels, 1990.</ref> It was designed such that it can safely be used in the ] of most European countries, except for the ] system found in Cyprus, Gibraltar, Ireland, Malta and the United Kingdom.


⚫ The '''Europlug''' is a flat, non-rewirable two-pole, round-pin domestic ] ], rated for ]s up to 250 ] and ] up to 2.5 A.<ref name=en50075>{{cite tech report |url=https://www.evs.ee/StandardDownload/DownloadPreview?productId=86099&language=EnglishLanguage |title=European Standard EN 50075: Flat non-rewirable two-pole plugs, 2.5&nbsp;A 250&nbsp;V, with cord, for the connection of class II-equipment for household and similar purposes |publisher= ] |location=Brussels, Belgium |date=July 1990 |access-date=2023-12-19}}</ref> It is a compromise design intended to connect low-power ]s safely to the many different forms of round-pin ] used across Europe. However, it is not compatible with the rectangular-pin ] sockets found in Cyprus, Gibraltar, Singapore, Malaysia, United Arab Emirates, Hong Kong, Ireland, Malta and the United Kingdom. By the standard, Europlugs must be non-rewirable and must be supplied attached to a ]; anything else is non-compliant.<ref name=en50075/>
⚫ ==History==


The plug is often used on the housing of small plug-in power supplies.
The Europlug design, intended for use with socket-outlets meeting other standards, appeared first in 1963 as Standard Sheet XVI in the second edition of ] Publication 7,<ref name="cee7">CEE Publication 7, 1993.</ref> a document that summarized all the national domestic AC plugs and socket-outlets used across Europe. The Europlug is therefore sometimes also referred to as the "CEE&nbsp;7/16" plug. It was also adopted in 1975 as plug C5 in ] Technical Report 83 (now IEC/TR 60083<ref name="iec83">]/TR 60083: Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC.</ref>), and as European standard EN 50075<ref name="en50075"/> in July 1990. The Europlug is unusual as the standard specifies only a plug, there is no socket-outlet designed specifically for use with it.
Even if standardization excludes it, there are cable couplings for Europlugs and rewireable plugs available.


⚫ == History ==
⚫ ==Design considerations==
The Europlug design, intended for use with socket-outlets meeting other standards, appeared first in 1963 as Alternative II of Standard Sheet XVI in the second edition of ] Publication 7 by the contributing members of Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Federal Republic of Germany, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Yugoslavia.<ref name="cee7">{{cite tech report |url=http://webstore.iec.ch/webstore/webstore.nsf/ArtNum_PK/31105 |title=IECEE CEE-7:1963, Specification for plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar purpose |institution=CEE |location=Geneva, Switzerland |via=IEC Webstore |format=PDF, CD |medium=commercial PDF download or CD |date=30 April 1963 |language=fr, en |edition=2.0 |access-date=2020-12-14}}</ref> The Europlug is therefore sometimes also referred to as the "CEE&nbsp;7/16 Alternative II plug" or simply as the "CEE&nbsp;7/16 plug". It was also described in 1975 as plug C5 in ] Technical Report 83.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} In 1990 it was defined by Cenelec standard EN&nbsp;50075<ref name="en50075"/> which has national equivalents in most European countries, as described in IEC&nbsp;60083<ref name=iec83>{{cite tech report |url=http://webstore.iec.ch/preview/info_iec60083%7Bed6.0%7Db.pdf |title=IEC/TR 60083: Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC |institution=IEC |location=Geneva, Switzerland |via=IEC Webstore |format=PDF, CD |medium=commercial PDF download or CD |issue=2009-02 |date=23 February 2009 |language=fr, en |edition=6.0 |access-date=2020-12-14}}</ref> which superseded IEC/TR 83 (and no longer uses the C5 designation).{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}


The Europlug is unusual as the standard specifies a plug only; there is no socket/outlet defined specifically for use with it. The Europlug is attached to the housing of small power devices of ] with maximal current of 2.5&nbsp;A.
⚫ The dimensions of the Europlug were chosen for compatibility and safe use, such that with continental European domestic power sockets

⚫ ==Design considerations==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}
⚫ The dimensions of the Europlug were chosen for compatibility and safe use, such that with continental European ]:


* reliable contact is established when the plug is fully inserted; * reliable contact is established when the plug is fully inserted;
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* it is not possible to establish a connection between one pin and a live socket contact while the other pin is accessible. * it is not possible to establish a connection between one pin and a live socket contact while the other pin is accessible.


Additionally, the design allows for a more compact and less bulky design of ]s, than the ] form factor in the UK.
⚫ Europlugs are only designed for low-power (less than 2.5&nbsp;A) ] (double-insulated) devices that operate at normal room temperature and do not require a protective-earth connection.


⚫ Europlugs are only designed for low-power (less than 2.5&nbsp;A) ] (double-insulated) devices that operate at normal room temperature and do not require a protective-earth connection.
⚫ ==Details==


⚫ == Details ==
⚫ The pins of the Europlug are 19&nbsp;mm long. They consist of a 9&nbsp;mm long conductive tip of 4&nbsp;mm diameter with a rounded ending, followed by a 10&nbsp;mm long flexible insulated shaft of not more than 3.8&nbsp;mm diameter. The two pins are not exactly parallel and converge slightly; their centres are 17.5&nbsp;mm apart at the tip and 18.6&nbsp;mm apart at the base. The elasticity of the converging pins provides sufficient contact force for the Europlug's current rating with a variety of socket-hole arrangements. The entire plug is 35.3&nbsp;mm wide and 13.7&nbsp;mm high, and must not exceed these dimensions within 18&nbsp;mm behind its front plane (this allows for the recesses on many European socket types). The left and right side of the plug are formed by surfaces that are at 45° relative to the horizontal plane.<ref name="en50075"/>
]
⚫ The pins of the Europlug are 19&nbsp;mm long. They consist of a 9&nbsp;mm long conductive tip of 4&nbsp;mm diameter with a rounded ending, followed by a 10&nbsp;mm long flexible insulated shaft of not more than 3.8&nbsp;mm diameter. The two pins are not exactly parallel and converge slightly; their centres are 17&nbsp;to&nbsp;18&nbsp;mm apart at the tip and 18&nbsp;to&nbsp;19&nbsp;mm apart at the base. The elasticity of the converging pins provides sufficient contact force for the Europlug's current rating with a variety of socket-hole arrangements. The entire plug is 35.3&nbsp;mm wide and 13.7&nbsp;mm high, and must not exceed these dimensions within 18&nbsp;mm behind its front plane (this allows for the recesses on many European socket types). The left and right side of the plug are formed by surfaces that are at 45° relative to the horizontal plane.<ref name=en50075/>


== Compatibility ==
==Incompatibility with UK and Irish sockets==
{{More citations needed|section|date=September 2021}}
]


=== Types C, E, F, and K ===
⚫ The Europlug is physically not compatible with ] 13&nbsp;A sockets. The UK wiring system uses ]s and requires a suitable fuse to be fitted in each plug to protect the appliance cable; Europlugs do not contain such fuses. BS&nbsp;1363 sockets contain a child-safety shutter; clause 13.7.2 of BS&nbsp;1363-2 requires that Europlugs will not open the shutters. In some types of BS 1363 socket (but not all) the safety mechanism can be tampered with so that a Europlug may then be forced into the open {{Not a typo|line}} and neutral ports. The UK Electrical Safety Council has drawn attention to the fire risk associated with forcing Europlugs into BS&nbsp;1363 sockets.<ref> "Conversion Plugs for Foreign Appliances", ''Switched On'', Issue 9, Summer 2008, p17</ref>
The Europlug is designed to be compatible with these sockets. They have 4.8&nbsp;mm holes with centres spaced 19&nbsp;mm apart. The minimum distance between the holes is thus 14.2&nbsp;mm, while the minimum distance between the converged pins on the Europlug is 13.5&nbsp;mm, allowing it to grip the socket despite its smaller pin width.


=== Type D ===
UK ] legislation<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si1994/uksi_19941768_en_1.htm |title=The Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994 |publisher=Opsi.gov.uk |year= 1994| accessdate=21 May 2014}}</ref> requires that most domestic electrical goods sold must be provided with fitted plugs to BS&nbsp;1363-1. The exception is that shavers, electric toothbrushes and similar personal hygiene products may be supplied with a Europlug as an alternative to the BS&nbsp;4573 shaver plug. The Europlug is compatible with most 2-pin UK shaver sockets, but these are rated for a maximum of 0.2&nbsp;A.
The Europlug is not compatible with type D sockets, used in e.g. India and South Africa. These sockets have 5.1&nbsp;mm holes with centres spaced 19.1&nbsp;mm apart, which means a Europlug can be inserted if the sockets do not have protective shutters. However, the socket design might not allow the plug to grip it.


=== Type G ===
Fused ] are available for Europlugs, and equipment fitted with these may be legally sold in the UK.
The Europlug is physically not compatible with ] 13&nbsp;A sockets, used in e.g. the UK and Ireland. UK law requires a suitable fuse to be fitted in each plug to protect the appliance flexible cord; Europlugs do not contain such fuses. BS&nbsp;1363 sockets contain a child-safety shutter; clause 13.7.2 of BS&nbsp;1363-2 requires that Europlugs will not open the shutters.<ref>Extract from BS 1363-2:2012: Specification for 13&nbsp;A switched and unswitched socket-outlets, May 2012.
{{quote|
It shall not be possible to operate a shutter by inserting a 2-pin plug into a 3-pin socket-outlet. Compliance shall be checked by the tests of 13.7.2.


13.7.2 Earth pin operated shutters and 3-pin operated shutters shall be deemed to comply with this requirement without testing. For other shutter designs, compliance shall be checked by the following test.
⚫ ==See also==

⚫ A 2-pin plug complying with BS EN 50075 shall be applied to the socket line and neutral apertures with a force of 30 newton. The plug pins, when applied in any direction, shall not make contact with live parts.}}</ref> In some types of BS 1363 socket (but not all) the safety mechanism can be tampered with so that a Europlug may then be forced into the open {{Not a typo|line}} and neutral ports. The UK Electrical Safety Council has drawn attention to the fire risk associated with forcing Europlugs into BS&nbsp;1363 sockets.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.esc.org.uk/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/public/switched_on/SwitchedOn-Issue-9.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104204532/http://www.esc.org.uk/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/public/switched_on/SwitchedOn-Issue-9.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-04 |title=Conversion Plugs for Foreign Appliances |magazine=Switched On |issue=9 |date=Summer 2008 |page=17}}</ref> There is also a risk of damage to both the plug and socket.

UK ] legislation requires that most domestic electrical goods sold must be provided with fitted plugs to BS&nbsp;1363-1.<ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=si|year=1994|number=1768|si=The Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994}}</ref> The exception is that shavers, electric toothbrushes and similar personal hygiene products may be supplied with a Europlug as an alternative to the ] (see below).

The Europlug fits BS 1363 sockets without shutters, but the plug is only rated for 2.5&nbsp;A and the UK sockets are fused at 32&nbsp;A. The round pins have only a very small contact area with the rectangular sockets.

Fused ] are available for Europlugs, and equipment fitted with these may be legally sold in the UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://world-power-plugs.com/united-kingdom|title=United Kingdom: Check power plugs and outlets |website=World Power Plugs|language=en|access-date=2019-05-30}}</ref>

Adaptors sold with SAA approval in Australia, despite failing to comply with 'BS 8546: 2016 - Travel adaptors compatible with UK plug and socket system' due to not having shutters, accept Europlugs in the UK position.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318234826/https://services.anu.edu.au/files/document-collection/Safety%20Awareness%20-%20Reverse%20Travel%20adaptor%20usage.pdf |title= Reverse Travel Adaptor Usage |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2016-09-01 |publisher=Australian National University |access-date=2024-11-10 |quote=}}</ref>

=== BS&nbsp;4573 (UK shaver) ===
The Europlug is not designed to be compatible with ] sockets. These sockets have 5.1&nbsp;mm holes with centres spaced 16.7&nbsp;mm apart, meaning a reliable contact might not be possible.

Most 2-pin UK shaver sockets will accept either BS&nbsp;4573 plugs or Europlugs, but are rated for a maximum of 0.2&nbsp;A. UK ] legislation allows for shavers, electric toothbrushes and similar personal hygiene products to be supplied with a Europlug as an alternative to the BS&nbsp;4573 plug. This has the advantage that these devices can then also be used in other European countries.

=== Type H ===
Originally these sockets had flat openings and were not compatible with the Europlug. In 1989 a new version was designed to be compatible with the Europlug. Newer sockets have 4.5&nbsp;mm holes with centres spaced 19&nbsp;mm apart. The minimum distance between the holes is thus 14.5&nbsp;mm, while the minimum distance between the converged pins on the Europlug is 13.5&nbsp;mm, allowing it to grip the socket despite its smaller pin width.
=== SN 441011 (Switzerland), Type J ===
The Europlug is designed to be compatible with Type 11 & 12 (outdated single-phase sockets, 10 A) and Type 13 (recessed single-phase socket, 10 A; Type J) and is consequently compatible with all by ] currently supported sockets.<ref name=cee7/> This includes Type 15 (three-phase, 10 A), Type 21 & 23 (single-phase, 16 A) and Type 25 (three-phase, 16 A).<ref>{{cite web |title=System SEV 1011 |url=https://www.esti.admin.ch/inhalte/pdf/MUB/Dokumente/Info_SEV1011_de-fr-it-en.pdf |access-date=19 February 2022}}</ref> The diameter of the openings of the 10 A sockets is 4.5&nbsp;mm and the openings of the 16 A sockets are 4.5 x 5.5&nbsp;mm wide. The norm space between L (one-phase) or L1 (three-phase) and N is 19&nbsp;mm.

=== Type L ===
The Europlug is designed to be compatible with 10A Type L sockets, commonly found in Italy. They have 4.0&nbsp;mm holes with centres spaced 19&nbsp;mm apart. It is also compatible with dual 10A/16A sockets, but it does not fit into the 16A only variant.

=== Type N ===
The 10&nbsp;A variant of type N used in Brazil has 4.0&nbsp;mm holes and also allows the Europlug to be used; see Types J and L. The 20&nbsp;A variant has 4.8&nbsp;mm holes and also allows the Europlug to be used; see Types E, F and K.

=== Type O ===
Thailand has a hybrid receptacle which also supports Europlug. However, with the Type O standard with 4.8 mm diameter, the standard Europlug with 4.0 mm might experience loose contact.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://service.tisi.go.th/fulltext/166_2549.pdf|title=Thai document|website=service.tisi.go.th}}</ref>

⚫ == See also ==
* ] * ]
* ] &ndash; the international standard for 230&nbsp;V plugs and sockets * ] &ndash; the international standard for 230&nbsp;V plugs and sockets
* ] &ndash; the CEE&nbsp;7/4 system of plugs and sockets * ] &ndash; the system of CEE&nbsp;7/3 sockets and CEE&nbsp;7/4 plugs
* ], a hybrid between the Schuko (Type F) and French (Type E) plug, the earthed version power plug used throughout most of Europe


==References== == References ==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|CEE 7/16}}
{{refbegin}} {{refbegin}}
* ] Standard ] ] 0620-1: Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1: General requirements. * ] Standard ] ] 0620-1: Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1: General requirements.
{{refend}} {{refend}}


Latest revision as of 08:34, 10 November 2024

Type of electrical plug
Example of a Europlug

The Europlug is a flat, non-rewirable two-pole, round-pin domestic AC power plug, rated for voltages up to 250 V and currents up to 2.5 A. It is a compromise design intended to connect low-power Class II appliances safely to the many different forms of round-pin domestic power socket used across Europe. However, it is not compatible with the rectangular-pin BS 1363 sockets found in Cyprus, Gibraltar, Singapore, Malaysia, United Arab Emirates, Hong Kong, Ireland, Malta and the United Kingdom. By the standard, Europlugs must be non-rewirable and must be supplied attached to a power cord; anything else is non-compliant.

The plug is often used on the housing of small plug-in power supplies. Even if standardization excludes it, there are cable couplings for Europlugs and rewireable plugs available.

History

The Europlug design, intended for use with socket-outlets meeting other standards, appeared first in 1963 as Alternative II of Standard Sheet XVI in the second edition of CEE Publication 7 by the contributing members of Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Federal Republic of Germany, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Yugoslavia. The Europlug is therefore sometimes also referred to as the "CEE 7/16 Alternative II plug" or simply as the "CEE 7/16 plug". It was also described in 1975 as plug C5 in IEC Technical Report 83. In 1990 it was defined by Cenelec standard EN 50075 which has national equivalents in most European countries, as described in IEC 60083 which superseded IEC/TR 83 (and no longer uses the C5 designation).

The Europlug is unusual as the standard specifies a plug only; there is no socket/outlet defined specifically for use with it. The Europlug is attached to the housing of small power devices of Class II with maximal current of 2.5 A.

Design considerations

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The dimensions of the Europlug were chosen for compatibility and safe use, such that with continental European domestic power sockets:

  • reliable contact is established when the plug is fully inserted;
  • no live conductive parts are accessible while the plug is inserted into each type of socket;
  • it is not possible to establish a connection between one pin and a live socket contact while the other pin is accessible.

Additionally, the design allows for a more compact and less bulky design of mobile phone chargers, than the BS 1363 form factor in the UK.

Europlugs are only designed for low-power (less than 2.5 A) Class II (double-insulated) devices that operate at normal room temperature and do not require a protective-earth connection.

Details

Diagram of the Europlug specifications

The pins of the Europlug are 19 mm long. They consist of a 9 mm long conductive tip of 4 mm diameter with a rounded ending, followed by a 10 mm long flexible insulated shaft of not more than 3.8 mm diameter. The two pins are not exactly parallel and converge slightly; their centres are 17 to 18 mm apart at the tip and 18 to 19 mm apart at the base. The elasticity of the converging pins provides sufficient contact force for the Europlug's current rating with a variety of socket-hole arrangements. The entire plug is 35.3 mm wide and 13.7 mm high, and must not exceed these dimensions within 18 mm behind its front plane (this allows for the recesses on many European socket types). The left and right side of the plug are formed by surfaces that are at 45° relative to the horizontal plane.

Compatibility

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Map of Europlug-compatible sockets
Map of Europlug-compatible sockets

Types C, E, F, and K

The Europlug is designed to be compatible with these sockets. They have 4.8 mm holes with centres spaced 19 mm apart. The minimum distance between the holes is thus 14.2 mm, while the minimum distance between the converged pins on the Europlug is 13.5 mm, allowing it to grip the socket despite its smaller pin width.

Type D

The Europlug is not compatible with type D sockets, used in e.g. India and South Africa. These sockets have 5.1 mm holes with centres spaced 19.1 mm apart, which means a Europlug can be inserted if the sockets do not have protective shutters. However, the socket design might not allow the plug to grip it.

Type G

The Europlug is physically not compatible with BS 1363 13 A sockets, used in e.g. the UK and Ireland. UK law requires a suitable fuse to be fitted in each plug to protect the appliance flexible cord; Europlugs do not contain such fuses. BS 1363 sockets contain a child-safety shutter; clause 13.7.2 of BS 1363-2 requires that Europlugs will not open the shutters. In some types of BS 1363 socket (but not all) the safety mechanism can be tampered with so that a Europlug may then be forced into the open line and neutral ports. The UK Electrical Safety Council has drawn attention to the fire risk associated with forcing Europlugs into BS 1363 sockets. There is also a risk of damage to both the plug and socket.

UK consumer protection legislation requires that most domestic electrical goods sold must be provided with fitted plugs to BS 1363-1. The exception is that shavers, electric toothbrushes and similar personal hygiene products may be supplied with a Europlug as an alternative to the BS 4573 plug (see below).

The Europlug fits BS 1363 sockets without shutters, but the plug is only rated for 2.5 A and the UK sockets are fused at 32 A. The round pins have only a very small contact area with the rectangular sockets.

Fused conversion plugs to BS 1363-5 are available for Europlugs, and equipment fitted with these may be legally sold in the UK.

Adaptors sold with SAA approval in Australia, despite failing to comply with 'BS 8546: 2016 - Travel adaptors compatible with UK plug and socket system' due to not having shutters, accept Europlugs in the UK position.

BS 4573 (UK shaver)

The Europlug is not designed to be compatible with BS 4573 sockets. These sockets have 5.1 mm holes with centres spaced 16.7 mm apart, meaning a reliable contact might not be possible.

Most 2-pin UK shaver sockets will accept either BS 4573 plugs or Europlugs, but are rated for a maximum of 0.2 A. UK consumer protection legislation allows for shavers, electric toothbrushes and similar personal hygiene products to be supplied with a Europlug as an alternative to the BS 4573 plug. This has the advantage that these devices can then also be used in other European countries.

Type H

Originally these sockets had flat openings and were not compatible with the Europlug. In 1989 a new version was designed to be compatible with the Europlug. Newer sockets have 4.5 mm holes with centres spaced 19 mm apart. The minimum distance between the holes is thus 14.5 mm, while the minimum distance between the converged pins on the Europlug is 13.5 mm, allowing it to grip the socket despite its smaller pin width.

SN 441011 (Switzerland), Type J

The Europlug is designed to be compatible with Type 11 & 12 (outdated single-phase sockets, 10 A) and Type 13 (recessed single-phase socket, 10 A; Type J) and is consequently compatible with all by SN 441011 currently supported sockets. This includes Type 15 (three-phase, 10 A), Type 21 & 23 (single-phase, 16 A) and Type 25 (three-phase, 16 A). The diameter of the openings of the 10 A sockets is 4.5 mm and the openings of the 16 A sockets are 4.5 x 5.5 mm wide. The norm space between L (one-phase) or L1 (three-phase) and N is 19 mm.

Type L

The Europlug is designed to be compatible with 10A Type L sockets, commonly found in Italy. They have 4.0 mm holes with centres spaced 19 mm apart. It is also compatible with dual 10A/16A sockets, but it does not fit into the 16A only variant.

Type N

The 10 A variant of type N used in Brazil has 4.0 mm holes and also allows the Europlug to be used; see Types J and L. The 20 A variant has 4.8 mm holes and also allows the Europlug to be used; see Types E, F and K.

Type O

Thailand has a hybrid receptacle which also supports Europlug. However, with the Type O standard with 4.8 mm diameter, the standard Europlug with 4.0 mm might experience loose contact.

See also

References

  1. ^ European Standard EN 50075: Flat non-rewirable two-pole plugs, 2.5 A 250 V, with cord, for the connection of class II-equipment for household and similar purposes (Technical report). Brussels, Belgium: CENELEC. July 1990. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
  2. ^ IECEE CEE-7:1963, Specification for plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar purpose (PDF, CD) (commercial PDF download or CD) (in French and English) (2.0 ed.). Geneva, Switzerland: CEE. 30 April 1963. Retrieved 2020-12-14 – via IEC Webstore.
  3. IEC/TR 60083: Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC (PDF, CD) (commercial PDF download or CD) (in French and English) (6.0 ed.). Geneva, Switzerland: IEC. 23 February 2009. Retrieved 2020-12-14 – via IEC Webstore.
  4. Extract from BS 1363-2:2012: Specification for 13 A switched and unswitched socket-outlets, May 2012.

    It shall not be possible to operate a shutter by inserting a 2-pin plug into a 3-pin socket-outlet. Compliance shall be checked by the tests of 13.7.2.

    13.7.2 Earth pin operated shutters and 3-pin operated shutters shall be deemed to comply with this requirement without testing. For other shutter designs, compliance shall be checked by the following test.

    A 2-pin plug complying with BS EN 50075 shall be applied to the socket line and neutral apertures with a force of 30 newton. The plug pins, when applied in any direction, shall not make contact with live parts.

  5. "Conversion Plugs for Foreign Appliances" (PDF). Switched On. No. 9. Summer 2008. p. 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-04.
  6. "The Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 1994/1768
  7. "United Kingdom: Check power plugs and outlets". World Power Plugs. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
  8. "Reverse Travel Adaptor Usage" (PDF). Australian National University. 2016-09-01. Retrieved 2024-11-10.
  9. "System SEV 1011" (PDF). Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  10. "Thai document" (PDF). service.tisi.go.th.

External links

  • German Standard DIN VDE 0620-1: Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1: General requirements.
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