Military budget of China: Difference between revisions

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			] and ] in constant 2021 US$ billions]]
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			The '''military budget of China''' is the portion of the overall budget of ] that is allocated for the funding of the ]. This ] finances employee salaries and training costs, the maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, and development and procurement of new weapons, equipment, and vehicles. Every March, as part of its annual state budget, China releases a single overall figure for national military expenditures.{{citation needed\|date=December 2022}}
	{{POV}}

			{{As of\|2024}}, the official military budget was announced to be 1.67 trillion yuan, the ] in the world behind the US.<ref name=":1" />
	The '''] of the ]''' (PRC) is the portion of the overall budget of the People's Republic of China that is allocated for the funding of the Department of Defense. This military budget finances employee salaries and training costs, the maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, and development and procurement of new equipment.

			According to the ], SIPRI, China became the world's fifth largest exporter of major arms in 2014–18, an increase of 2.7 per cent from the period 2010–2014. China supplied major arms to 53 states in 2014–18. Pakistan was the main recipient of these transfers, standing for 37%, whilst the remaining exports were small in volume, but with a wide variety of countries.<ref>{{Cite web \| url=https://www.sipri.org/publications/2019/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-international-arms-transfers-2018 \|title = Trends in international arms transfers, 2018 \| SIPRI\|date = March 2019\|last1 = Wezeman\|first1 = Pieter D.}}</ref>
	==Various studies==

			==Official announcements==
	While the People's Republic of China claims to have a lower defense budget than other world powers, unofficial estimates place the total amount of spending higher than what the government claims. However, unofficial calculations about the military spending of the People's Republic of China tend to differ between organizations.
			The Chinese government annually announce the budget for the internal security forces and the PLA at the ] in early March.

			*2014: the budget was announced to be US$131billion.<ref name="auto">{{cite web \|date=2016-04-19 \|title=What does China really spend on its military? \|url=http://chinapower.csis.org/military-spending/ \|access-date=2016-04-21 \|publisher=ChinaPower, CSIS}}</ref>
	A recent ] study states that Chinese defense spending is higher than the official number but lower than ] estimates. The defense spending of the People's Republic of China is estimated to be between 2.3-2.8% of China's GDP. This is 40-70% higher than official figures, but substantially lower than previous outside estimates. Chinese military spending nevertheless doubled between 1997 and 2003, nearly reaching the level of the ] and ], and it continued to grow with an annual rate of 10% during 2003-2005. If the RAND study is correct, the People's Republic of China could very well be the second highest spender by percentage of GDP, among the countries in the below tables; as well, it would surpass Japan and Russia in absolute terms.
			*2015: the budget was announced to be US$141billion.<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/china-parliament-defence-idUSL4N0W704220150305 \|title=China to raise defence budget 10.1 pct this year in high-tech drive \|publisher=Reuters \|date=2015-03-05 \|access-date=2015-03-05}}</ref> At the same time, the Chinese government estimated the Chinese economy to grow 7% in 2015.<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-gdp-idUSKBN0M101L20150305 \|title=China aims for around seven percent economic growth in 2015: Premier Li \|publisher=Reuters \|date=2015-03-05 \|access-date=2015-03-05}}</ref>
			*2016: the budget was announced to be 954.35 billion yuan which is about US$147BN, raised 6-7 % above last year's estimates.<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-defence-idUSKCN0W7005 \|title=China says defense spending pace to slow, to improve intelligence \|publisher=Reuters \|date=2016-03-05 \|access-date=2016-03-05}}</ref>
			*2017: the budget was announced to be 1.044 trillion yuan ($151.4 billion), representing a 7% increase from the last year.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Martina \|first1=Michael \|title=China confirms 7 percent increase in 2017 defense budget \|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-defence-idUSKBN16D0FF \|access-date=2021-03-20 \|work=Reuters \|date=2017-03-06}}</ref>
			*2018: the budget was announced to be 1.11 trillion yuan ($175 billion), which represents an 8.1% increase.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/05/c_137016482.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305041710/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/05/c_137016482.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=March 5, 2018\|title=China to increase 2018 defense budget by 8.1 percent - Xinhua {{!}} English.news.cn\|website=www.xinhuanet.com\|access-date=2018-03-06}}</ref> This is China's largest defense budget raise in three years.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-defence/china-says-its-moderate-defense-spending-rises-are-no-threat-idUSKCN1GG072\|title=China boosts defense spending, rattling its neighbors' nerves\|date=5 March 2018\|work=Reuters\|access-date=2018-03-06}}</ref>
			*2019: the budget was announced to be 1.19 trillion yuan, which is an increase of 7.5%.
			*2020: the budget was announced to increase by 6.6% this year to 1.27 trillion yuan (US$178 billion).<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/21/asia/china-npc-meeting-intl-hnk/index.html\|title=China's leaders look to send message of control at annual political showcase\|author=Nectar Gan and James Griffiths\|website=CNN\|date=21 May 2020 }}</ref>
			*2021: the budget was announced to be 1.35 trillion yuan (US$209 billion), an increase of 6.8%.<ref>{{Cite news\|last=Tian\|first=Yew Lun\|date=2021-03-05\|title=China defence spending gets mild boost amid economic caution\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-defence-idUSKBN2AX07Z\|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref>
			*2022: the budget was announced to be 1.45 trillion yuan (US$230 billion), which is an increase of 7.1% over the last year.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Lei \|first1=Zhao \|title=China to raise military budget by 7.1% this year \|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202203/06/WS62245064a310cdd39bc8aacb.html \|work=www.chinadaily.com.cn}}</ref>
			*2023: the budget was announced to be 1.55 trillion yuan (US$224 billion), which is an increase of 7.2% over the last year.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news \|last=Jash \|first=Amrita \|date=April 14, 2023 \|title=China's 2023 Defense Spending: Figures, Intentions and Concerns \|url=https://jamestown.org/program/chinas-2023-defense-spending-figures-intentions-and-concerns/ \|access-date=2023-04-15 \|work=] \|language=en-US}}</ref>
			*2024: the budget was announced to be 1.67 trillion yuan (US$231 billion), which is an increase of 7.2% over the last year.<ref name=":1">{{cite web \| url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/03/05/china-defense-budget-2024.html \| title=China boosts military spending by 7.2%, vows to 'resolutely' deter Taiwan 'separatist activities' \| website=] \| date=5 March 2024 }}</ref>

			==Unofficial estimates==
	A ] study also comes to the conclusion that the military spending of the People's Republic of China is higher than the official budget, but its estimate is lower than that of the RAND study. Of the major powers, the People's Republic of China surpasses only Japan relatively and only Russia absolutely.
			Unofficial estimates place the total amount of ] for China higher than the Chinese government figures, but these calculations tend to differ between organizations.

			A ] study for year 2003 estimated China's defense spending to be higher than the official number but lower than ] calculations. The defense spending of China was estimated, in the mid-range estimate, to be 38 billion dollars or 2.3% of China's ] in 2003. The official figure was 22.4 billion dollars. Nevertheless, Chinese military spending doubled between 1997 and 2003, nearly reaching the level of the ] and ], and it continued to grow over 10% annually during 2003–2005.<ref></ref>
	==A comparison==

			In 2010, the US Department of Defense's annual report to Congress on China's military strength estimated the actual 2009 Chinese military spending at US$150 billion.<ref name="DOD">Office of the Secretary of Defense - Annual Report to Congress: Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2010 (PDF){{cite web\|url=http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/2010_CMPR_Final.pdf \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=2015-04-21 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320062225/http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/2010_CMPR_Final.pdf \|archive-date=2015-03-20 }}</ref> ] estimates that the military spending of the People's Republic of China for 2009 was US$100 billion,<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/milex/resultoutput/15majorspenders \|title=The 15 major spender countries in 2011 (table) \|work=sipri.org \|access-date=25 March 2015 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100328104327/http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/milex/resultoutput/15majorspenders \|archive-date=28 March 2010 }}</ref> higher than the official budget, but lower than the US DoD estimate.
	:'''Tabel 1. Absolute expenditures (in ]).

	:{\| class="wikitable"
			The ] in a 2011 report argued that if spending trends continue China will achieve military equality with the United States in 15–20 years.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2011-03-08 \|title=East-West military gap rapidly shrinking: report \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-world-military-idUSTRE7273UB20110308 \|access-date=2023-04-17}}</ref>
	\|- bgcolor="#ececec"

	\| '''Country''' \|\| '''Official budget''' \|\| ''']''' \|\| ''']''' \|\| ''']'''
			] in 2012 estimated that China's defense budget would increase from $119.80 billion to $238.20 billion between 2011 and 2015. This would make it larger than the defense budgets of all other major Asian nations combined. This is still smaller than the estimated United States defense budget of $525.40 billion for 2013. However, United States defense spending is slightly declining.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2012-02-16 \|title=AIRSHOW-Fighters, radar, marine patrols top Asia's military wish-list \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/asia-defence-idUSL4E8DF2M720120216 \|access-date=2023-04-17}}</ref>
	\|-

	\| '''] (PRC)'''
			In 2017, the magazine ] estimated that China's annual military spending is greater than $200 billion, around 2% of the GDP.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a25261/china-west-military-power/\|title=China's Military Power Nears "Parity" With the West, Report Says
	\| align="right" \| $29.9 billion
			\|work=Popular Mechanics\|access-date=17 February 2017\|date=2017-02-16
	\| align="right" \| $35.4 billion
			}}</ref>
	\| align="right" \| $42.0-51.0 billion

	\| align="right" \| $90.0 billion
			In 2019, Peter Robertson, a professor from the ], argued that using conventional currency conversion as opposed to more accurate "purchasing power parity" (PPP) exchange rates dramatically understated China's military capabilities and that China's real military spending was equivalent to US spending of $455 billion, calculated from a ] perspective.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://theconversation.com/chinas-military-might-is-much-closer-to-the-us-than-you-probably-think-124487\|title=China's military might is much closer to the US than you probably think\|last=Robertson\|first=Peter\|website=The Conversation\|date=October 2019 \|language=en\|access-date=2020-01-26}}</ref>

			In 2023, the ] estimated the China's military spending is $296 billion which accounted for 1.7% of the country total GDP.'''''<ref name="SIPRI-20202" />'''''

			A 2024 study by ], George J. Gilboy, and Eric Heginbotham estimated China's total military spending for 2024 at US$471 billion.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Fravel \|first=M. Taylor \|author-link=Taylor Fravel \|date=2024-06-06 \|title=Estimating China's Defense Spending: How to Get It Wrong (and Right) \|url=https://tnsr.org/2024/06/estimating-chinas-defense-spending-how-to-get-it-wrong-and-right/ \|access-date=2024-08-12 \|website=Texas National Security Review \|language=en-US}}</ref>

			==Comparison with other countries==
			{{Update section\|date=December 2023\|inaccurate=yes}}
			{\| class="wikitable"
			\|+ Absolute expenditures in ]
			\|- style="background:#ececec;"
			! Country/Region \|\| ] (2023)'''''<ref name="SIPRI-20202">{{cite web \|date=April 2023 \|title=Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2022 \|url=https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2023-04/2304_fs_milex_2022.pdf \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=29 April 2023 \|publisher=]}}</ref>''''' \|\| Official budget (2014) \|\| ] (2013)<ref>{{cite news \|last=Marcus \|first=Johnathan \|title=Military spending: Balance tipping towards China \|work=BBC \|access-date=2 March 2014 \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-26054545 \|date=2014-02-05 }}</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	\| ''']'''		\| ''']'''
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| $~~419~~.3 billion		\| style="text-align:right;" \| $916.0 billion
			\| style="text-align:right;" \| $575 billion <ref>United States Department of Defense, Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller), http://comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/documents/defbudget/fy2015/fy2015_Budget_Request_Overview_Book.pdf, retrieved May 3rd, 2014.</ref>
	\| align="right" \| $455.3 billion
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| /		\| style="text-align:right;"\| $560.4 billion
	\| align="right" \| $419.3 billion
	\|-
	\| ''']'''
	\| align="right" \| $58.6 billion
	\| align="right" \| $47.4 billion
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| /
	\|-
	\| ''']'''
	\| align="right" \| $45.8 billion
	\| align="right" \| $42.4 billion
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| /
	\|-		\|-
			\| ''']'''
			\| style="text-align:right;" \| $296.0 billion
			\| style="text-align:right;" \| $131 billion<ref name="Branigan">{{cite web \|last=Branigan \|first=Tania \|title=China targets 7.5% growth and declares war on pollution \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/05/china-targets-75-growth-and-sharp-increase-in-defense-spending \|access-date=5 March 2014 \|website=] \|publisher=}}</ref>
			\| style="text-align:right;"\| $111.2 billion
			\|-1
	\|''']'''		\|''']'''
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| $14.5 ~~Billion~~		\| style="text-align:right;" \| $130.0 billion
			\| style="text-align:right;" \| $69.3 billion<ref>{{cite web\|last=Kazak\|first=Sergey\|title=Russia to Up Nuclear Weapons Spending 50% by 2016\|date=8 October 2013 \|url=http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20131008/184004336/Russia-to-Up-Nuclear-Weapons-Spending-50-by-2016.html\|publisher=RIA Novosti\|access-date=1 March 2014}}</ref>
	\| align="right" \| $19.4 billion
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| /		\| style="text-align:right;"\| $68.2 billion
	\| align="right" \| $70.0 billion
	\|-
	\|'''] (ROC, often referred as Taiwan)'''
	\| align="right" \| $7.6 billion
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| /
	\|-
	\|}

	:'''Tabel 2. Relative expenditures (as % of GDP).
	:{\| class="wikitable"
	\|- bgcolor="#ececec"
	\| '''Country''' \|\| '''Official budget''' \|\| ''']''' \|\| ''']''' \|\| ''']'''
	\|-
	\| '''] (PRC)'''
	\| align="right" \| 1.4%
	\| align="right" \| 1.8%
	\| align="right" \| 1.9-2.4%
	\| align="right" \| 4.2%
	\|-
	\| ''']'''
	\| align="right" \| 3.7%
	\| align="right" \| 3.9%
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| 3.7%
	\|-		\|-
	\| ''']'''		\| ''']'''
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| 2.7%		\| style="text-align:right;" \| $74.9 billion
			\| style="text-align:right;" \| $56.9 billion<ref>{{cite news\|last=Porter\|first=Henry\|title=What budget for defence? First let's work out Britain's place in the world\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/feb/03/british-defence-spending-needs-addressing\|newspaper=Guardian\|access-date=2 March 2014\|date=2013-02-03}}</ref>
	\| align="right" \| 2.2%
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| /		\| style="text-align:right;"\| $57 billion
	\| align="right" \| /
	\|-		\|-
	\| ''']'''		\| ''']'''
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| 1.0%		\| style="text-align:right;" \| $50.2 billion
			\| style="text-align:right;" \| $47 billion<ref>{{cite web\|title=Plan for Defense Programs and Budget of Japan Ministry of Defense Overview of FY2014 Budget\|url=https://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_budget/pdf/260130.pdf\|publisher=Japanese Ministry of Defense\|access-date=2 March 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302173329/http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_budget/pdf/260130.pdf\|archive-date=2 March 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	\| align="right" \| 1.0%
	\| ~~align~~="right" \| /		\| style="text-align:right;"\| $51 billion
	\| align="right" \| /
	\|-
	\|''']'''
	\| align="right" \| 2.8%
	\| align="right" \| 4.3%
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| 12%
	\|-
	\|'''] (ROC, often referred as Taiwan)'''
	\| align="right" \| 2.6%
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| /
	\| align="right" \| /
	\|-
	\|}		\|}

			==See also==
	*Data: Official: 2005; SIPRI: 2004; RAND: 2004; DoD: 2005, except the data for the U.S. which is a 2006 estimate.
			{{wikinews\|has=multiple stories related to this topic\| Global annual military spending tops $1.2 trillion\| Pentagon report reflects concerns over China's increased military}}

			*]
	*Note that this data have been adapted to the revision of China's 2004 GDP. This revision increased China's GDP number with 16.8% (or 283 billion USD). These figures were issued by the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics following a survey that aimed to gather more accurate data. Service industries accounted for 93% of the revision.
			*]

	*Note also that many observers claim that the yuan, the Chinese currency unit, is undervalued. Other observers also note that the revised number of China's GDP is still inaccurate. These uncertainties should be taken into account, especially becauses this increases the already existing uncertainty about China's military expenditures.

	==Hurdle in Sino-American relations==
	The ]'s official budget for 2005 is $30 billion, but this does not include money used for foreign weapons purchases, military-related research and development, or the paramilitary ]. Critics thus have labeled it a deliberately misleading low estimate. It is widely assumed and estimated that China's military budget exceeds this estimate.

	In June 2005, the US published estimates that showed China's military spending exceeding 90 billion USD. This is a point of contention between the US-China relations. US ] ] has accused China several times of hiding its real military spending. He has also expressed concern over why China would increase its military expenditure with no apparent external threats, saying that it fuels suspicions about China's motives.

	Extensive investment by the PRC in its navy is also very troubling to the United States. Many believe that China has a long term plan to transform the Chinese Navy (]) into a ] capable of ], and of challenging China's neighbors, as well as the United States.

	:''See also: ].

	==Hurdle in Sino-Japanese relations==
	Because of the discrepancy, the US is not the only country to have expressed alarm about Chinese military spending. In December 2005, ]'s Foreign Minister ] has said China was "a neighbour has expanded its military outlays by double digits for 17 years in a row, and it is unclear as to what this is being used for". Aso also commented that, "t is beginning to be a considerable threat." He said this in response to a question in a news conference about a comment made by the head of the ] (the main opposition party), ], who had said he felt China was a threat.

	:''See also: ].

	==China's reaction==
	China justified its annual increase in 2005 by referring on one hand to the movement to establish ], and on the other hand stressed that much of it was needed to boost soldiers' pay and cover the social costs of cutting 200,000 personnel. China also states that its defense spending is far lower than that of other major powers, in relative and absolute terms.

	China's leaders have been trying to alleviate more generalized concerns abroad, particularly in the US and Japan, about ] and increased global competition for resources, in their speeches in 2005. This effort is believed to be echoed in the country's 2005 policy paper on the country's development strategy, called "China's Peaceful Development Road". This paper describes how soaring economic development in China would not pose a threat to other nations, but was instead creating opportunities and bigger markets for the rest of the world.

	In March, 2006 China said that it further will increase its military spending by 14.7% in 2006 to 283.8 billion yuan (around 35.3 billion USD). China also added that much of the rise would be to cover fuel and salaries and that China was a "peace-loving nation". ], in line with Chinese statements of the past, added that the US spent a greater proportion of its economy on defense than did China and that China had "no intention of vigorously developing armaments".

	==References==		==References==
			{{Reflist}}{{People's Liberation Army}}
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	==See also==

	*]
	**]
	**]

	*]
	*]

	*]
	*]

			{{DEFAULTSORT:Military Budget Of China}}
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Latest revision as of 20:39, 22 December 2024

The military budget of China is the portion of the overall budget of China that is allocated for the funding of the military of China. This military budget finances employee salaries and training costs, the maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, and development and procurement of new weapons, equipment, and vehicles. Every March, as part of its annual state budget, China releases a single overall figure for national military expenditures.

As of 2024, the official military budget was announced to be 1.67 trillion yuan, the second largest in the world behind the US.

According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, SIPRI, China became the world's fifth largest exporter of major arms in 2014–18, an increase of 2.7 per cent from the period 2010–2014. China supplied major arms to 53 states in 2014–18. Pakistan was the main recipient of these transfers, standing for 37%, whilst the remaining exports were small in volume, but with a wide variety of countries.

Official announcements

The Chinese government annually announce the budget for the internal security forces and the PLA at the National People's Congress in early March.

2014: the budget was announced to be US$131billion.
2015: the budget was announced to be US$141billion. At the same time, the Chinese government estimated the Chinese economy to grow 7% in 2015.
2016: the budget was announced to be 954.35 billion yuan which is about US$147BN, raised 6-7 % above last year's estimates.
2017: the budget was announced to be 1.044 trillion yuan ($151.4 billion), representing a 7% increase from the last year.
2018: the budget was announced to be 1.11 trillion yuan ($175 billion), which represents an 8.1% increase. This is China's largest defense budget raise in three years.
2019: the budget was announced to be 1.19 trillion yuan, which is an increase of 7.5%.
2020: the budget was announced to increase by 6.6% this year to 1.27 trillion yuan (US$178 billion).
2021: the budget was announced to be 1.35 trillion yuan (US$209 billion), an increase of 6.8%.
2022: the budget was announced to be 1.45 trillion yuan (US$230 billion), which is an increase of 7.1% over the last year.
2023: the budget was announced to be 1.55 trillion yuan (US$224 billion), which is an increase of 7.2% over the last year.
2024: the budget was announced to be 1.67 trillion yuan (US$231 billion), which is an increase of 7.2% over the last year.

Unofficial estimates

Unofficial estimates place the total amount of military spending for China higher than the Chinese government figures, but these calculations tend to differ between organizations.

A RAND Corporation study for year 2003 estimated China's defense spending to be higher than the official number but lower than United States Department of Defense calculations. The defense spending of China was estimated, in the mid-range estimate, to be 38 billion dollars or 2.3% of China's GDP in 2003. The official figure was 22.4 billion dollars. Nevertheless, Chinese military spending doubled between 1997 and 2003, nearly reaching the level of the United Kingdom and Japan, and it continued to grow over 10% annually during 2003–2005.

In 2010, the US Department of Defense's annual report to Congress on China's military strength estimated the actual 2009 Chinese military spending at US$150 billion. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) estimates that the military spending of the People's Republic of China for 2009 was US$100 billion, higher than the official budget, but lower than the US DoD estimate.

The International Institute for Strategic Studies in a 2011 report argued that if spending trends continue China will achieve military equality with the United States in 15–20 years.

Jane's Defence Forecasts in 2012 estimated that China's defense budget would increase from $119.80 billion to $238.20 billion between 2011 and 2015. This would make it larger than the defense budgets of all other major Asian nations combined. This is still smaller than the estimated United States defense budget of $525.40 billion for 2013. However, United States defense spending is slightly declining.

In 2017, the magazine Popular Mechanics estimated that China's annual military spending is greater than $200 billion, around 2% of the GDP.

In 2019, Peter Robertson, a professor from the University of Western Australia, argued that using conventional currency conversion as opposed to more accurate "purchasing power parity" (PPP) exchange rates dramatically understated China's military capabilities and that China's real military spending was equivalent to US spending of $455 billion, calculated from a PPP perspective.

In 2023, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute estimated the China's military spending is $296 billion which accounted for 1.7% of the country total GDP.

A 2024 study by Taylor Fravel, George J. Gilboy, and Eric Heginbotham estimated China's total military spending for 2024 at US$471 billion.

Comparison with other countries

This section's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (December 2023)

Absolute expenditures in USD
Country/Region	SIPRI (2023)	Official budget (2014)	IISS (2013)
United States	$916.0 billion	$575 billion	$560.4 billion
China	$296.0 billion	$131 billion	$111.2 billion
Russia	$130.0 billion	$69.3 billion	$68.2 billion
United Kingdom	$74.9 billion	$56.9 billion	$57 billion
Japan	$50.2 billion	$47 billion	$51 billion

References

^ "China boosts military spending by 7.2%, vows to 'resolutely' deter Taiwan 'separatist activities'". CNBC. 5 March 2024.
Wezeman, Pieter D. (March 2019). "Trends in international arms transfers, 2018 | SIPRI".
"What does China really spend on its military?". ChinaPower, CSIS. 2016-04-19. Retrieved 2016-04-21.
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People's Liberation Army

General

Branches

Ground	Structure Equipment Infantry [zh] Armored forces [zh] Artillery [zh] Air defense [zh] Aviation aircraft Engineers [zh] Chemical defense [zh] Special operations units
Navy	Organization Weaponry History Branches: Surface ships aircraft carriers Submarine Coastal Defense Naval Air aircraft Marine Corps special operations units Fleets: North Sea East Sea South Sea
Air	Aviation aircraft airbases Air Defense Airborne Corps special operations units
Rocket	Missile operation units Rocket Force corps of engineers [zh] Special operations units

Arms

Aerospace	Astronaut Corps astronauts Deep Space Network
Cyberspace	Cyberspace Force
Information Support	Information Support Force
Joint Logistics Support	Wuhan Joint Logistics Support Base Theater's Joint Logistics Support Centers: Wuxi; Guilin; Xining; Shenyang; Zhengzhou

Structure

Central Military Commission	Chairman Vice-Chairmen General Office Joint Staff Intelligence Bureau Guard Bureau Guard Unit Political Work Logistic Support Equipment Development Manned Space Agency Training and Administration National Defense Mobilization Discipline Inspection Strategic Planning Reform and Organizational Structure International Military Cooperation Audit Office Offices Administration
Theater Commands	Eastern Southern Hong Kong Macau Western Tibet Northern Central
Military regions (defunct)	Shenyang Beijing Lanzhou Jinan Nanjing Guangzhou Chengdu

Ranks

Uniform

Institutions

Academic institutions of the armed forces of China

Publications

Paramilitary

Contractors

Categories:

Latest revision as of 20:39, 22 December 2024

Official announcements

Unofficial estimates

Comparison with other countries

See also

References