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{{Short description|French economist and politician (born 1949)}} | |||
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{{Infobox Officeholder | |||
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{{expand French|Dominique Strauss-Kahn|date=November 2022|topic=gov}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}} | |||
{{Infobox officeholder | |||
|name = Dominique Strauss-Kahn | |||
|image = Strauss-Kahn, Dominique (official portrait 2008).jpg | |image = Strauss-Kahn, Dominique (official portrait 2008).jpg | ||
|deputy |
|deputy = ] | ||
|office = Managing Director of the |
|office = Managing Director of the<br>] | ||
|term_start = 1 November 2007 | |term_start = 1 November 2007 | ||
|term_end = 18 May 2011 | |term_end = 18 May 2011 | ||
|predecessor = ] | |predecessor = ] | ||
|successor = ] | |successor = ] | ||
| module = {{collapsed infobox section begin |Ministerial and political offices | |||
|office2 = ] | |||
|titlestyle=border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes | |||
|primeminister2 = ] | |||
|office1 = ] | |||
|term_start2 = 4 June 1997 | |||
|primeminister1 = ] | |||
|term_end2 = 2 November 1999 | |||
| |
|term_start1 = 4 June 1997 | ||
| |
|term_end1 = 2 November 1999 | ||
|predecessor1 = {{ubl | ] (Economy and Finance) | ] (Industry) }} | |||
|successor1 = ] | |||
|office2 = ] of ] | |||
|term_start2 = 23 June 1995 | |||
|term_end2 = 3 June 1997 | |||
|predecessor2 = Raymond Lamontagne | |||
|successor2 = ] | |||
|office3 = ] | |||
|primeminister3 = ]<br />] | |||
|term_start3 = 16 May 1991 | |||
|term_end3 = 29 March 1993 | |||
|predecessor3 = ] | |||
|successor3 = ] | |||
{{collapsed infobox section end}} | |||
| module2 = {{collapsed infobox section begin |Parliamentary offices | |||
|cont=yes |titlestyle=border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes | |||
|office4 = President of the ] Finance Commission | |||
|term_start4 = 28 June 1988 | |||
|term_end4 = 16 May 1991 | |||
|predecessor4 = ] | |||
|successor4 = ] | |||
|office5 = Member of the ]<br />for ]'s ] constituency | |||
|term_start5 = 2 April 2001 | |||
|term_end5 = 19 October 2007 | |||
|predecessor5 = ] | |||
|successor5 = ] | |||
|term_start6 = 12 June 1997 | |||
|term_end6 = 4 July 1997 | |||
|predecessor6 = ] | |||
|successor6 = ] | |||
|term_start7 = 23 June 1988 | |||
|term_end7 = 16 June 1991 | |||
|predecessor7 = Constituency established | |||
|successor7 = ] | |||
|office8 = Member of the ] | |||
|term_start8 = 2 April 1986 | |||
|term_end8 = 14 May 1988 | |||
|constituency8 = ] | |||
{{collapsed infobox section end}} | |||
|birth_name = Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn | |||
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1949|4|25|df=y}} | |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1949|4|25|df=y}} | ||
|birth_place = ] | |birth_place = ], ], ] | ||
|nationality = French | |||
|death_date = | |death_date = | ||
|death_place = | |death_place = | ||
|party = ] |
|party = ] | ||
|spouse = {{plainlist| | |||
|spouse = Brigitte Guillemette<br><small>(m. 1984–1989; divorced)</small><br>]<br><small>(m. 1991–2013; divorced)</small> | |||
* {{marriage|Hélène Dumas|1967|1984|end=divorced}} | |||
|partner = Myriam L'Aouffir <br><small>(2012-present)</small> | |||
* {{marriage|Brigitte Guillemette|1984|1989|end=divorced}} | |||
|alma_mater = ]<br>]<br>]<br>] | |||
* {{marriage|]|1991|2013|end=divorced}} | |||
* {{marriage|Myriam L'Aouffir|2017}} | |||
}} | |||
|children = 5 | |||
|education = ]<br>]<br>]<br>] | |||
|signature = Dominique Strauss-Kahn Signature.jpg }}}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn''' ({{IPA-fr|dɔminik stʁos kan}}; born 25 April 1949), often referred to in the media,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/15/dominique-strauss-kahn-sex-arrest|title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn's sex arrest could end presidential hopes|last=Willsher|first=Kim|date=15 May 2011|work=The Guardian|accessdate=15 May 2011|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn|url=http://www.gala.fr/les_stars/leurs_bio/dominique_strauss-kahn#|work=Les Stars: Bios de Stars|publisher=Gala.fr|accessdate=15 May 2011|language=fr}}</ref> and by himself,<ref>Dominique Strauss Kahn founded a law firm called "DSK Consultants" and wrote a book in 2006 called "365 jours", where the DSK acronyms takes half the cover</ref> as '''DSK''', is a French economist, lawyer, politician, and member of the French ] (PS). Strauss-Kahn became the Managing Director of the ] (IMF) on 28 September 2007, with the backing of his country's ], ], and served in that role until his resignation on 18 May 2011 following allegations that he had sexually assaulted a hotel employee.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703509104576331623409445148.html?mod=WSJ_hp_LEFTTopStories | title=Strauss-Kahn Resigns From IMF | work=The Wall Street Journal | date=19 May 2011 | accessdate=19 May 2011 | author=BOSCHAT, Nathalie; GAUTHIER-VILLARS, David; EL-GHOBASHY, Tamer}}</ref> Other allegations followed. | |||
'''Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn''' ({{IPA|fr|dɔminik stʁos kan|lang}}; born 25 April 1949), also known as '''DSK''',<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/15/dominique-strauss-kahn-sex-arrest |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn's sex arrest could end presidential hopes |last=Willsher |first=Kim |date=15 May 2011 |work=The Guardian |access-date=15 May 2011 |location=London |archive-date=30 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930084802/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/15/dominique-strauss-kahn-sex-arrest |url-status=live }}</ref> is a French economist and politician who served as the tenth managing director of the ] (IMF), and was a member of the French ]. He attained notoriety due to his involvement in several sex scandals.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/strauss-kahn-takes-the-stand-in-french-pimping-trial/ |title=strauss kahn takes the-stand in french pimping trial |date=9 February 2015 |work=] |access-date=8 November 2015 |archive-date=23 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123034735/http://www.timesofisrael.com/strauss-kahn-takes-the-stand-in-french-pimping-trial/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
He was a professor of economics at ] and was ] from 1997 to 1999 as part of ]'s "]" government. He sought the nomination in the ], but he was defeated by ] in the November vote. | |||
He was a professor of economics at ] and ], and was ] from 1997 to 1999, as part of ]'s ] government. He sought the nomination in the ], but was defeated by ]. | |||
In 2010, '']'' listed Dominique Strauss-Kahn as the 6th most influential ] person in the world.<ref>{{cite web|last=Linde|first=Steve|title=World's 50 most influential Jews|url=http://www.jpost.com/Jewish-World/Jewish-Features/Worlds-50-most-influential-Jews|publisher=Jerusalem Post|date=21 May 2010|quote=6. Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Head of the International Monetary Fund The IMF played a key role in the recent European decision to pass a trillion-dollar plan to aid Greece.}}</ref> | |||
Strauss-Kahn was appointed managing director of the IMF on 28 September 2007, with the backing of then–] ]. He served in that capacity until his resignation on 18 May 2011, in the wake of ]; the charges were later dismissed.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Boschat |first1=Nathalie |last2=Gauthier-Villars |first2=David |last3=El-Ghobashy |first3=Tamer |title=Strauss-Kahn Resigns From IMF |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703509104576331623409445148?mod=WSJ_hp_LEFTTopStories |work=] |date=19 May 2011 |access-date=19 May 2011 |archive-date=3 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203013803/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703509104576331623409445148?mod=WSJ_hp_LEFTTopStories |url-status=live }}</ref> Other sexual allegations followed, and resulted in acquittals. These accusations were seen as controversial in France, and prompted prominent conspiracy theories, as well as a debate on the role of the media in debating and determining a suspect's guilt ahead of conviction or legal proceedings having even been initiated.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=28 November 2011 |title='Conspiracy' claims bolster DSK mystery |url=https://www.mediapart.fr/en/journal/international/281111/conspiracy-claims-bolster-dsk-mystery/commentaires |access-date=7 November 2022 |website=Mediapart |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2011 |title=Affaire DSK-Diallo : la thèse du complot resurgit |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/2011/11/26/01003-20111126ARTFIG00327-affaire-dsk-diallo-la-these-du-complot-resurgit.php |access-date=7 November 2022 |website=] |language=fr}}</ref> Numerous photos of the handcuffed Strauss-Kahn were banned from publication under French laws, while their publication in the United States prompted outrage.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chrisafis |first=Angelique |date=2011-05-18 |title=Strauss-Kahn case sparks debate about French media's deference to power |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/18/strauss-kahn-french-media-reaction |access-date=2024-02-26 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Parussini |first=Thomas Varela And Gabriele |title=France Calls for Restraint in Airing Strauss-Kahn Images |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703509104576329232136451872 |access-date=2024-02-26 |work=WSJ |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
These legal cases led to him dropping out the ], where he had been the favorite to win the Socialist Party's nomination (the party's eventual candidate, ], won the presidential election),<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2011 |title=DSK, grandeur et décadence d'un favori |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2011/05/15/01002-20110515ARTFIG00261-dsk-grandeur-et-decadence-d-un-favori.php |access-date=7 November 2022 |website=] |language=fr}}</ref> and put an end to Strauss-Kahn's nascent political career. He then resumed his activities in the private sector, mainly advising governments on their sovereign debts.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sergeur |first=Frédéric |date=25 February 2020 |title=Le pactole empoché par DSK |url=https://www.capital.fr/economie-politique/le-pactole-empoche-par-dsk-1363101 |access-date=7 November 2022 |website=Capital.fr |language=fr}}</ref> | |||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
Dominique Strauss-Kahn was born on 25 April 1949 in the wealthy Paris suburb of ], Hauts-de-Seine. He is the son of lawyer Gilbert Strauss-Kahn. Strauss-Kahn's father was born to an ] father |
Dominique Strauss-Kahn was born on 25 April 1949 in the wealthy Paris suburb of ], Hauts-de-Seine. He is the son of lawyer Gilbert Strauss-Kahn. Strauss-Kahn's father was born to an ] father while Strauss-Kahn's mother is from a ]ish family in ].<ref>{{cite news |author=Michel Taubmann |title=Qui est vraiment Dominique Strauss-Kahn |url=https://www.lepoint.fr/politique/qui-est-vraiment-dominique-strauss-kahn-05-05-2011-1329735_20.php |newspaper=Le Point |language=fr |date=5 May 2011 |access-date=15 November 2018 |archive-date=16 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116043313/https://www.lepoint.fr/politique/qui-est-vraiment-dominique-strauss-kahn-05-05-2011-1329735_20.php |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
He and his parents settled in Morocco in 1951, but after the ] moved to ],<ref name=":0" /> where his father practised law. While the family was living in Monaco, Strauss-Kahn went to school at the ]. The family later{{when|date=May 2011}} returned to Paris, where he attended ] at the ]. He graduated from ] in 1971 and from ] and the ] in 1972. He failed the entrance examination for ], but obtained a ] in public law, as well as a ] and an '']'' (1977) in economics at the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.republique-des-lettres.fr/10546-dominique-strauss-kahn.php |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn |publisher=Republique-des-lettres.fr |date=20 May 2010 |access-date=1 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20081120193644/http://www.republique-des-lettres.fr/10546-dominique-strauss-kahn.php |archive-date=20 November 2008 }}</ref> | |||
== Marriage and children == | |||
Strauss-Kahn has been married four times and has five children. His first wife was Hélène Dumas, whom he married in 1967 when he was 18 and she was 20. The marriage lasted sixteen years and produced three children — Vanessa (1973), Marine (1976), and Laurin (1981) — but ended in divorce. Strauss-Kahn married his second wife, Brigitte Guillemette, a public relations executive, in 1986.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} Their daughter, Camille, was born in 1985. His third wife (married 1991){{citation needed|date=December 2020}} was ], a popular French journalist and heiress, the granddaughter of art dealer ]. This marriage barely survived Strauss-Kahn's tenure at the IMF and the highly publicized ] in 2011. In 2012, the press announced Sinclair and Strauss-Kahn's separation.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dominique-strauss-kahn-anne-sinclair-separated_n_1636183 | title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Anne Sinclair Have Separated, Source Say | work=Huffington Post | date=28 August 2012 | accessdate=3 March 2021 | archive-date=19 September 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919035031/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dominique-strauss-kahn-anne-sinclair-separated_n_1636183 | url-status=live }}</ref> Their divorce was finalized in 2013.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/04/22/second-act-6 | title=Second Act | work=New Yorker | date=15 April 2013 | accessdate=3 March 2021 | archive-date=13 April 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413235832/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/04/22/second-act-6 | url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
In 2017, Strauss-Kahn married {{ill|Myriam L'Aouffir|fr}}, a digital communications expert. Strauss-Kahn also has an American son, Darius, born in 2010, as a result of an affair while he was serving as Director General of the IMF in Washington DC.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thecinemaholic.com/where-are-dominique-strauss-kahns-ex-wives-and-daughters-now/ | title=Where Are Dominique Strauss-Kahn's Ex-Wives and Daughters Now? | work=The Cinemaholic | date=7 December 2020 | accessdate=3 March 2021 | archive-date=21 January 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121185535/https://www.thecinemaholic.com/where-are-dominique-strauss-kahns-ex-wives-and-daughters-now/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gala.fr/l_actu/news_de_stars/exclu_-_dsk_son_fils_cache_s_appelle_356288 | title=Exclu – DSK : son fils caché s'appelle… (in French) | work=Gala | date=22 December 2015 | accessdate=3 March 2021 | archive-date=24 February 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205826/https://www.gala.fr/l_actu/news_de_stars/exclu_-_dsk_son_fils_cache_s_appelle_356288 | url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
He and his parents settled in ], Morocco, in 1951, but after the ] moved to ], where his father had a legal practice. While the family was living in Monaco, Strauss-Kahn went to school at the ]. The family later{{when|date=May 2011}} returned to Paris, where he attended high school at the ]. He graduated from ] in 1971 and from ] and ] in 1972. He sat and failed the entrance examination for ], but obtained a degree in public law, as well as a PhD and an '']'' (1977) in economics at the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.republique-des-lettres.fr/10546-dominique-strauss-kahn.php |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn |publisher=Republique-des-lettres.fr |date=20 May 2010 |accessdate=1 July 2011}}{{dead link|date=September 2011}}</ref> | |||
== Career outside politics == | == Career outside politics == | ||
From 1977 to 1981, Strauss-Kahn lectured at the ]-II, first as an assistant, and later as assistant professor, before taking a position at the ].{{citation needed|date=May 2011}} In 1982, he was appointed to the Plan Commission as head of the finance department, and later as Deputy Commissioner, a position he held until his election to the National Assembly in 1986.{{citation needed|date=May 2011}} After his ousting in the ]s, Strauss-Kahn founded DSK Consultants, a corporate law consulting firm. Upon resigning from |
From 1977 to 1981, Strauss-Kahn lectured at the ]-II, first as an assistant, and later as assistant professor, before taking a position at the ].{{citation needed|date=May 2011}} In 1982, he was appointed to the Plan Commission as head of the finance department, and later as Deputy Commissioner, a position he held until his election to the National Assembly in 1986.{{citation needed|date=May 2011}} After his ousting in the ]s, Strauss-Kahn founded DSK Consultants, a corporate law consulting firm. Upon resigning from ]'s government he resumed his academic duties, teaching economics at Sciences Po from 2000 until his appointment to the IMF in 2007.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521094642/http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2007/pr07211.htm |date=21 May 2011 }}, Press Release No. 07/211, 28 September 2007.</ref> | ||
== Political career == | == Political career == | ||
Strauss-Kahn was first an activist member of the ],<ref name=Lib>David Revault d'Allones, "''Le PS donne au monde un grand argentier''" in '']'', 29 September 2007 {{ |
Strauss-Kahn was first an activist member of the ],<ref name=Lib>David Revault d'Allones, "''Le PS donne au monde un grand argentier''" in '']'', 29 September 2007 {{in lang|fr}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023182237/http://www.liberation.fr/actualite/evenement/evenement1/281549.FR.php |date=23 October 2007 }} <!-- please do not change ref format, this link is subjected to ] --></ref> before joining in the 1970s the Centre d'études, de recherches et d'éducation socialiste (Center on Socialist Education Studies and Research, CERES) led by ], future presidential candidate at the ].<ref name=Lib/> There, he befriended the future ] Lionel Jospin (PS). | ||
After the ] ] (PS) in 1981, he decided to stay out of government. He got involved in the ] (PS), which was led by Lionel Jospin, and founded ''Socialisme et judaïsme'' ("''Socialism and Judaism''"). The next year, he was appointed to the ''Commissariat au plan'' (Planning Commission) as ''commissaire-adjoint''. | After the ] ] (PS) in 1981, he decided to stay out of government. He got involved in the ] (PS), which was led by Lionel Jospin, and founded ''Socialisme et judaïsme'' ("''Socialism and Judaism''"). The next year, he was appointed to the ''Commissariat au plan'' (Planning Commission) as ''commissaire-adjoint''. | ||
In 1986 he was ] for the first time in the ] ], and ] in the ] department. He became chairman of the ], famously exchanging heated words with the Finance Minister ] (PS). | In 1986, he was ] for the first time in the ] ], and ] in the ] department. He became chairman of the ], famously exchanging heated words with the Finance Minister ] (PS). | ||
=== Minister for Industry (1991–93) === | === Minister for Industry (1991–93) === | ||
In 1991, he was nominated by Mitterrand to be Junior ]<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605104617/http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/gvt5rep.asp#cresson |date=5 June 2011 }}, Feb 2012, '']'', 17 May 1991 {{in lang|fr}}</ref> in ]'s social-democratic government. He kept his position in Pierre Bérégovoy's government<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605104617/http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/gvt5rep.asp#beregovoy |date=5 June 2011 }}, Feb 2012, '']'', 5 April 1992 {{in lang|fr}}</ref> until the ].<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605104617/http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/gvt5rep.asp#balladur |date=5 June 2011 }}, Feb 2012, '']'', 31 March 1993 {{in lang|fr}}</ref> | |||
{{BLP unsourced section|date=May 2011}} | |||
In 1991, he was nominated by Mitterrand to be Junior ]<ref>, Feb 2012, '']'', 17 May 1991 {{fr icon}}</ref> in ]'s social-democratic government. He kept his position in ]'s government<ref>, Feb 2012, '']'', 5 April 1992 {{fr icon}}</ref> until the ].<ref>, Feb 2012, '']'', 31 March 1993 {{fr icon}}</ref> | |||
After the electoral defeat of 1993, Strauss-Kahn was appointed by former Prime Minister ] chairman of the ''groupe des experts du PS'' ("Group of Experts of the Socialist Party"), created by ]. The same year, he founded the law firm |
After the electoral defeat of 1993, Strauss-Kahn was appointed by former Prime Minister ] chairman of the ''groupe des experts du PS'' ("Group of Experts of the Socialist Party"), created by ]. The same year, he founded the law firm DSK Consultants, and worked as a business lawyer. | ||
In 1994, Raymond Lévy, who was director of ], invited him to join the ''Cercle de l'Industrie'', a French industry lobby in ], where he met the billionaire businessman ] and top manager ]; Strauss-Kahn served as secretary-general and later as vice-president. This lobbyist activity earned him criticism from the ] left. | In 1994, Raymond Lévy, who was director of ], invited him to join the ''Cercle de l'Industrie'', a French industry lobby in ], where he met the billionaire businessman ] and top manager ]; Strauss-Kahn served as secretary-general and later as vice-president. This lobbyist activity earned him criticism from the ] left. | ||
In June 1995, he was elected mayor of ] and married ], a famous television journalist working for the private channel ] and in charge of a political show, ''Sept sur Sept''. She ceased presenting this show after Strauss-Kahn's nomination as Minister of Economics and Finance in 1997 to avoid conflict of interest, while Strauss-Kahn himself |
In June 1995, he was elected mayor of ] and married ], a famous television journalist working for the private channel ] and in charge of a political show, ''Sept sur Sept''. She ceased presenting this show after Strauss-Kahn's nomination as Minister of Economics and Finance in 1997, in order to avoid conflict of interest, while Strauss-Kahn himself ceded his place as mayor to ] in order to avoid double responsibilities. | ||
=== Minister for Economics, Finances and Industry (1997–99) === | === Minister for Economics, Finances and Industry (1997–99) === | ||
{{BLP |
{{BLP unreferenced section|date=May 2011}} | ||
In 1997, Prime Minister |
In 1997, Prime Minister Lionel Jospin (PS) appointed Strauss-Kahn as ], making him one of the most influential ministers in his ] government. | ||
Although it was in theory contrary to the Socialist Party's electoral program, he implemented a wide ] program, which included among others the ] of ]; he also implemented some deregulation policies in the ] sector. The French economy achieved an excellent performance during his term of office: |
Although it was in theory contrary to the Socialist Party's electoral program, he implemented a wide ] program, which included among others the ] of ]; he also implemented some deregulation policies in the ] sector. The French economy achieved an excellent performance during his term of office: GDP increased, whereas unemployment and public debt decreased (creation of 300,000 jobs in 1998, a level not seen since 1969). This helped to strengthen his popularity and managed to win the support of former supporters of Jospin and ], making him the leader of the reform-oriented group ''Socialisme et démocratie''. Strauss-Kahn was an early proponent of reducing the working week to ], a measure implemented by ], Minister for Social Policies. | ||
In 1998 he became one of the leaders of the Socialist Party for the regional elections in the ] region (Paris and suburbs), which were won by the PS. But as Strauss-Kahn refused to swap his ministry for the executive leadership of the Ile-de-France, ] became the president of the regional council. | In 1998, he became one of the leaders of the Socialist Party for the regional elections in the ] region (Paris and suburbs), which were won by the PS. But as Strauss-Kahn refused to swap his ministry for the executive leadership of the Ile-de-France, ] became the president of the regional council. | ||
In 1999, he was accused of corruption in two financial scandals related to ] and the MNEF, a student mutual ], and decided to resign from his ministerial office to fight these charges, in agreement with the "]". He was replaced by ]. He was acquitted in November 2001, and was reelected in a by-election in the Val-d'Oise. | In 1999, he was accused of corruption in two financial scandals related to ] and ], a student mutual ], and decided to resign from his ministerial office to fight these charges, in agreement with the "]". He was replaced by ]. He was acquitted in November 2001, and was reelected in a by-election in the Val-d'Oise. | ||
As Minister of Economics and Finance, Strauss-Kahn succeeded in decreasing ] to 5.5% for renovation works in construction, thus supporting this activity. At the same time, he decreased the budget deficit, which was more than 3% of GDP under ]'s center-right government (1995–97). He thus prepared France's entrance |
As Minister of Economics and Finance, Strauss-Kahn succeeded in decreasing ] to 5.5% for renovation works in construction, thus supporting this activity. At the same time, he decreased the budget deficit, which was more than 3% of GDP under ]'s center-right government (1995–97). He thus prepared France's entrance into the eurozone. Strauss-Kahn also repealed the Thomas Act on ]s, and launched the Conseil d'orientation des retraites (Orientation Council on ]). | ||
Strauss-Kahn succeeded in combining followers of Jospin and Rocard in the same political movement, ''Socialisme et démocratie'', but failed to make it more than an informal network. | Strauss-Kahn succeeded in combining followers of Jospin and Rocard in the same political movement, ''Socialisme et démocratie'', but failed to make it more than an informal network. | ||
Line 73: | Line 128: | ||
=== In opposition === | === In opposition === | ||
After ]'s success in the ] and the following ] (UMP)'s majority in Parliament, Strauss-Kahn was |
After ]'s success in the ] and the following ] (UMP)'s majority in Parliament, Strauss-Kahn was re-elected Member of Parliament on 16 June 2002, in the 8th circonscription of the Val-d'Oise. He first declined in taking part in the new leadership of the PS, then in the opposition, in the 2003 congress of the party. But he joined the party's leadership again at the end of 2004, and was given overall responsibility for drawing up the Socialist programme for the ], along with Martine Aubry and ]. During the summer meeting of 2005, he announced that he would be a candidate for the primary elections of the Socialist Party for the presidential election. | ||
At the same time, Strauss-Kahn co-founded the think tank '' |
At the same time, Strauss-Kahn co-founded the think tank ''À gauche en Europe'' (To the Left in Europe) along with Michel Rocard.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ww1.gauche-en-europe.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071203224343/http://www.gauche-en-europe.org/global.php?id=club&lg=fr |url-status=dead |title=gauche-en-europe.org - gauche-en-europe Resources and Information. |archive-date=3 December 2007 |website=ww1.gauche-en-europe.org}}</ref> He presided jointly with ] over the ''Socialisme et démocratie'' current in the PS. | ||
Strauss-Kahn was one of the first French politicians to enter the ];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blogdsk.net/ |title=Le blog de Dominique Strauss-Kahn |publisher=Blogdsk.net | |
Strauss-Kahn was one of the first French politicians to enter the ];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.blogdsk.net/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040311201435/http://www.blogdsk.net/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 March 2004 |title=Le blog de Dominique Strauss-Kahn |publisher=Blogdsk.net |access-date=16 May 2011}}</ref> his blog became one of the most visited, along with Juppé's, during his stay in ].<ref> '']'', 10 August 2006 {{in lang|fr}} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929142434/http://www.lefigaro.fr/medias/20060810.FIG000000186_les_politiques_aussi.html|date=29 September 2007}}</ref> | ||
Strauss-Kahn then campaigned for |
Strauss-Kahn then campaigned for a 'Yes' vote in the ]. More than 54% of the French citizens refused it, damaging Strauss-Kahn's position inside the PS,{{citation needed|date=May 2011}} while left-wing ], who had campaigned for a 'No' vote, was reinforced.{{citation needed|date=May 2011}} | ||
Strauss-Kahn sought the nomination for the Socialist candidacy in the 2007 presidential election. His challengers were former prime minister Laurent Fabius and ], the president of the ] region. Strauss-Kahn finished second, behind Royal. On 13 April 2007, Strauss-Kahn called for an "anti-] front" between the two rounds of the forthcoming ].<ref> |
Strauss-Kahn sought the nomination for the Socialist candidacy in the 2007 presidential election. His challengers were former prime minister Laurent Fabius and ], the president of the ] region. Strauss-Kahn finished second, behind Royal. On 13 April 2007, Strauss-Kahn called for an "anti-] front" between the two rounds of the forthcoming ].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.humaniteinenglish.com/article555.html?debut_mmmot=24 |title=A Look behind the Operation for an Alliance of the Center |newspaper=] |date=17 April 2007 |access-date=10 July 2007 |archive-date=9 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109074751/http://www.humaniteinenglish.com/article555.html?debut_mmmot=24 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110225933/http://www.humanite.fr/2007-04-17_Politique_Les-dessous-de-l-operation-alliance-du-centre|date=10 November 2007}}</ref> Following Ségolène Royal's defeat, Strauss-Kahn criticized the PS's strategy and its chairman, ].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.humaniteinenglish.com/article570.html |title=The Hardline Right Moves into the Élysee Palace – Sarkozy Wins the French Presidential Election |newspaper=] |date=7 May 2007 |access-date=10 July 2007 |archive-date=2 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402080245/http://www.humaniteinenglish.com/article570.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070827013654/http://www.humanite.fr/2007-05-07_Politique_Une-droite-dure-s-installe-a-l-Elysee|date=27 August 2007}}</ref> Along with Fabius, he then resigned from the party's national directorate in June 2007.<ref> '']'', 29 June 2007 {{in lang|fr}} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929090221/http://www.humanite.fr/2007-06-29_Politique_Le-piege-a-elephants|date=29 September 2007}}</ref> Strauss-Kahn had been widely expected to seek the Socialist nomination for ] in ],<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6132OR20100204 |title=IMF chief says may quit early; eyes French politics? |publisher=Reuters |date=4 February 2010 |first=Anna |last=Willard |access-date=1 July 2017 |archive-date=4 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204101421/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6132OR20100204 |url-status=live }}</ref> and was considered an early favorite.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lejdd.fr/Election-presidentielle-2012/Depeches/Sondages-Ifop-JDD-L-etau-se-resserre-entre-Hollande-et-DSK-314097/ |title=Sondages Ifop-JDD: L'étau se resserre entre Hollande et DSK |publisher=Lejdd.fr |access-date=15 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517073306/http://www.lejdd.fr/Election-presidentielle-2012/Depeches/Sondages-Ifop-JDD-L-etau-se-resserre-entre-Hollande-et-DSK-314097/ |archive-date=17 May 2011 }}</ref> | ||
=== IMF Managing Director (2007–11) === | === IMF Managing Director (2007–11) === | ||
On 10 July 2007, Strauss-Kahn became the consensus European nominee to be the head of the IMF, with the personal support of President ] (member of the right ] party). Former Polish Prime Minister ] withdrew his candidacy as it was opposed by the majority of European countries.<ref>, '']'', 10 July 2007 {{ |
On 10 July 2007, Strauss-Kahn became the consensus European nominee to be the head of the IMF, with the personal support of President ] (member of the right ] party). Former Polish Prime Minister ] withdrew his candidacy as it was opposed by the majority of European countries.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070813023639/http://www.lefigaro.fr/economie/20070710.WWW000000271_fmi_strauss_kahn_candidat_officiel_de_lunion_europeenne.html |date=13 August 2007 }}, '']'', 10 July 2007 {{in lang|fr}}</ref> Some critics alleged that Sarkozy proposed Strauss-Kahn as managing director of the IMF to deprive the Socialist Party of one of its more popular figures.<ref>{{cite news |title=France's Sarkozy wants Strauss-Kahn as IMF head |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-imf-idUSPAB00331220070707 |publisher=Reuters |date=7 July 2007 |access-date=18 May 2011 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222173917/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-imf-idUSPAB00331220070707 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Strauss-Kahn became the front runner in the race to become managing director of the IMF, with the support of the 27-nation European Union, the United States, China and most of Africa. On 28 September 2007, the ]'s 24 executive directors selected him as the new ]. Strauss-Kahn replaced Spain's ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/About/senior-officials/managing-directors |title=IMF Managing Directors |website=img.org |access-date=15 September 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908155348/https://www.imf.org/en/About/senior-officials/managing-directors |archive-date=8 September 2019}}</ref> On 30 September 2007, Dominique Strauss-Kahn was formally named as the new head of the ] (IMF). The only other nominee was the Czech ], a late candidate proposed by Russia. Strauss-Kahn said: "I am determined to pursue without delay the reforms needed for the IMF to make financial stability serve the international community, while fostering growth and employment".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7018756.stm |title=Frenchman is named new IMF chief |work=] |date=28 September 2007 |access-date=15 May 2011 |archive-date=16 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816162501/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7018756.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Under Strauss-Kahn the IMF's pursuit of financial stability included calls for a possible replacement of the dollar as the world's reserve currency. An IMF report from January 2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pp/longres.aspx?id=4523 |title=Enhancing International Monetary Stability-A Role for the SDR? |publisher=Imf.org |date=7 January 2011 |access-date=15 May 2011 |archive-date=24 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724034131/http://www.imf.org/external/pp/longres.aspx?id=4523 |url-status=live }}</ref> called for a stronger role for ] (SDR) in order to stabilize the ]. According to the report, an expanded role for SDRs could help to stabilize the international monetary system. Furthermore, for most countries (except for those using the US dollar as their currency) there would be several advantages in switching the pricing of certain assets, such as oil and gold, from dollars to SDRs. For some commentators, that amounts to a call for a "new world currency that would challenge the dominance of the dollar".<ref>{{cite news |author=Heather Stewart |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/feb/10/imf-boss-calls-for-world-currency |title=IMF boss calls for global currency |work=The Guardian |location=UK |access-date=15 May 2011 |date=10 February 2011 |archive-date=21 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921041208/http://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/feb/10/imf-boss-calls-for-world-currency |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
Strauss-Kahn became the front runner in the race to become Managing Director of the IMF, with the support of the 27-nation European Union, the United States, China and most of Africa. On 28 September 2007, the ]'s 24 executive directors selected him as the new ]. Strauss-Kahn replaced Spain's ].<ref>{{dead link|date=May 2011}}</ref> | |||
On 30 September 2007, Dominique Strauss-Kahn was formally named as the new head of the ] (IMF). The only other nominee was the Czech ], a late candidate proposed by Russia. Strauss-Kahn said: "I am determined to pursue without delay the reforms needed for the IMF to make financial stability serve the international community, while fostering growth and employment".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7018756.stm |title=Frenchman is named new IMF chief |publisher=BBC News |date=28 September 2007 |accessdate=15 May 2011}}</ref> | |||
Under Strauss-Kahn the IMF's pursuit of financial stability has included calls for a possible replacement of the dollar as the world's reserve currency. An IMF report from January 2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pp/longres.aspx?id=4523 |title=Enhancing International Monetary Stability-A Role for the SDR? |publisher=Imf.org |date=7 January 2011 |accessdate=15 May 2011}}</ref> called for a stronger role for ] (SDR) in order to stabilize the global financial system. According to the report, an expanded role for SDRs could help to stabilize the international monetary system. Furthermore, for most countries (except for those using the US dollar as their currency) there would be several advantages in switching the pricing of certain assets, such as oil and gold, from dollars to SDRs. | |||
For some commentators that amounts to a call for a "new world currency that would challenge the dominance of the dollar".<ref>{{cite news|author=Heather Stewart |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/feb/10/imf-boss-calls-for-world-currency |title=IMF boss calls for global currency |work=Guardian |location=UK |accessdate=15 May 2011 |date=10 February 2011}}</ref> | |||
In 2008, the IMF Board appointed an independent investigator following allegations that Strauss-Kahn had had an affair with a subordinate, Piroska Nagy, who was married at the time to economist ]. Nagy alleged that Strauss-Kahn had used his position to coerce her into the affair.<ref>{{cite news|url= |
In 2008, the IMF Board appointed an independent investigator following allegations that Strauss-Kahn had had an affair with a subordinate, Piroska Nagy, who was married at the time to economist ]. Nagy alleged that Strauss-Kahn had used his position to coerce her into the affair.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/17/world/europe/17fund.html |title=Woman in 2008 Affair Is Said to Have Accused I.M.F. Director of Coercing Her |work=] |date=16 May 2011 |access-date=26 February 2017 |archive-date=29 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129021614/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/17/world/europe/17fund.html |url-status=live }}</ref> She was later made redundant, and Strauss-Kahn assisted her in getting a new job.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article4972855.ece |title=Nicolas Sarkozy dismay as Dominique Strauss-Kahn in sex scandal |last=Bremner |first=Charles |date=20 October 2008 |work=] |access-date=15 May 2011 |location=London |archive-date=16 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716020724/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article4972855.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> The IMF board issued the findings of the investigation; while noting that the affair was "regrettable and reflected a serious error of judgment on the part of the managing director", the board cleared Strauss-Kahn of ], favoritism or ], and indicated that he would remain in his post.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7691462.stm |work=BBC News |title=IMF director cleared over affair |date=26 October 2008 |access-date=1 May 2010 |archive-date=18 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518035533/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7691462.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/10/26/imf.director/index.html |publisher=CNN |title=IMF director retains job despite affair — CNN.com |date=26 October 2008 |access-date=1 May 2010 |archive-date=1 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401214640/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/10/26/imf.director/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Strauss-Kahn issued a public apology for the affair. '']'' dubbed him "le grand séducteur" (the Great Seducer).<ref>{{cite web |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn: The Great Seducer |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/145889/20110515/imf-strauss-kahn.htm#ixzz1MTCvTxRu |work=IB Times |date=15 May 2011 |access-date=15 May 2011 |archive-date=18 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518132459/http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/145889/20110515/imf-strauss-kahn.htm#ixzz1MTCvTxRu |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Strauss-Kahn made comments that could be perceived as critical of global financial actors, in an interview for a documentary about the ], '']'' (2010). He said he had attended a dinner organised by former Treasury Secretary ] in which several CEOs of 'the biggest banks in the U.S' |
Strauss-Kahn made comments that could be perceived as critical of global financial actors, in an interview for a documentary about the ], '']'' (2010). He said he had attended a dinner organised by former Treasury Secretary ] in which several CEOs of 'the biggest banks in the U.S.' had admitted they (or perhaps bankers in general) were 'too greedy' and bore part of the responsibility for the crisis. They said the government "'should regulate more, because we are too greedy, we can't avoid it.'" Strauss-Kahn said he warned the officials of a number of departments of the U.S. government of an impending crisis. He also said: "At the end of the day, the poorest – as always – pay the most."<ref>{{cite web|author=Charles Ferguson|url=http://www.sonyclassics.com/awards-information/insidejob_screenplay.pdf|title=Inside Job screenplay|publisher=Sony Pictures Classics|access-date=16 May 2011|display-authors=etal|archive-date=25 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525094048/http://www.sonyclassics.com/awards-information/insidejob_screenplay.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
Strauss-Kahn said he warned the officials of a number of departments of the U.S. government of an impending crisis. He also said: "At the end of the day, the poorest – as always – pay the most."<ref>{{cite web|author=Charles Ferguson et al|url=http://www.sonyclassics.com/awards-information/insidejob_screenplay.pdf |title=Inside Job screenplay |publisher=Sony Pictures Classics |accessdate=16 May 2011}}</ref> | |||
Referring to his diplomatic efforts to secure IMF aid for Europe following the ], economist ] described Strauss-Kahn as "] with a ]".<ref name = "crisis">{{cite web | Referring to his diplomatic efforts to secure IMF aid for Europe following the ], economist ] described Strauss-Kahn as "] with a ]".<ref name = "crisis">{{cite web | ||
|url= http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/18875e38-7f1d-11e0-b239-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1MVD4zmtq | |url= http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/18875e38-7f1d-11e0-b239-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1MVD4zmtq | ||
|title= Crisis threatens European role at IMF | |title= Crisis threatens European role at IMF | ||
|work=The Financial Times | |work= The Financial Times | ||
|author=Alan Beattie | |author= Alan Beattie | ||
|date |
|date= 15 May 2011 | ||
| |
|access-date= 16 May 2011 | ||
|archive-date= 18 May 2011 | |||
</ref><ref>{{cite web | |||
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110518011951/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/18875e38-7f1d-11e0-b239-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1MVD4zmtq | |||
|url-status= live | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | |||
|url= http://baselinescenario.com/2010/03/20/metternich-with-a-blackberry/ | |url= http://baselinescenario.com/2010/03/20/metternich-with-a-blackberry/ | ||
|title= Metternich With A Blackberry | |title= Metternich With A Blackberry | ||
|publisher=the baselinescenario | |publisher= the baselinescenario | ||
|author= |
|author= Simon Johnson (economist) | ||
|date |
|date= 10 March 2010 | ||
| |
|access-date= 16 May 2011 | ||
|author-link= Simon Johnson (economist) | |||
</ref> In May 2011, referring to the IMF's change of heart in favour of progressive rather than neoliberal values, ] wrote that Strauss-Kahn had proved himself to be a "sagacious leader" of the institution.<ref>{{cite web | |||
|archive-date= 6 October 2011 | |||
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111006163835/http://baselinescenario.com/2010/03/20/metternich-with-a-blackberry/ | |||
|url-status= live | |||
}}</ref> In May 2011, referring to the IMF's change of heart in favour of progressive rather than neoliberal values, ] wrote that Strauss-Kahn had proved himself to be a "sagacious leader" of the institution.<ref>{{cite web | |||
|url= http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/05/20115712428956842.html | |url= http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/05/20115712428956842.html | ||
|title= The IMF's change of heart | |title= The IMF's change of heart | ||
|publisher=] | |publisher= ] | ||
|author= |
|author= Joseph Stiglitz | ||
|date |
|date= 7 May 2011 | ||
| |
|access-date= 16 May 2011 | ||
|author-link= Joseph Stiglitz | |||
</ref> | |||
|archive-date= 16 May 2011 | |||
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110516104538/http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/05/20115712428956842.html | |||
|url-status= live | |||
}}</ref> | |||
Following Strauss-Kahn's arrest for sexual assault in New York, economist ] said that should he be forced to step down, the IMF "will find it hard to find as effective and skilful an advocate for keeping the institution central to the global monetary system".<ref name = "crisis"/> | Following Strauss-Kahn's arrest for sexual assault in New York, economist ] said that should he be forced to step down, the IMF "will find it hard to find as effective and skilful an advocate for keeping the institution central to the global monetary system".<ref name = "crisis"/> | ||
], the IMF's second-in-command, was named acting |
], the IMF's second-in-command, was named acting managing director on 15 May 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2011/05/17/arrest_may_cloud_europes_debt_talks/ |title=Arrest may cloud Europe's debt talks |first=Pan |last=Pylas |date=17 May 2011 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |access-date=17 May 2011 |archive-date=3 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103222719/http://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2011/05/17/arrest_may_cloud_europes_debt_talks/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Strauss-Kahn resigned from the IMF on 18 May 2011, after being arrested by |
Strauss-Kahn resigned from the IMF on 18 May 2011, after being arrested by New York police on 15 May over allegations of sexual assault. He was on a plane, about to take off, when airport police asked that the plane be stopped; he was escorted off the plane and interviewed by police. The case was later settled for an undisclosed amount, with the ] and ] reporting that it was rumoured to be around $6 million.<ref>{{cite news |title=IMF Director Resigns, Denying Allegations |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703509104576331623409445148?mod=WSJ_Home_largeHeadline |access-date=19 May 2011 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=19 May 2011 |author=Sudeep Reddy |author2=Bob Davis |archive-date=12 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912054609/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703509104576331623409445148?mod=WSJ_Home_largeHeadline |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn Resigns From I.M.F. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/19/business/19imf.html?_r=1&hp |access-date=19 May 2011 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=19 May 2011 |author=Gerry Mullany |archive-date=22 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522061718/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/19/business/19imf.html?_r=1&hp |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2012/12/how-much-was-dsk-settlement-ammount/320656/ |title=So, How Much Was the DSK Settlement? |publisher=The Atlantic |date=10 December 2012 |accessdate=19 February 2022 |archive-date=17 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217105023/https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2012/12/how-much-was-dsk-settlement-ammount/320656/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/10/dominique-strauss-kahn-case-settled |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn settles sexual assault case with hotel maid | Dominique Strauss-Kahn |work=The Guardian |date= 10 December 2012|accessdate=19 February 2022 |archive-date=26 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126172216/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/10/dominique-strauss-kahn-case-settled |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
=== Timeline === | === Timeline === | ||
{{prose|date=May 2017}} | |||
Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, 2007–2011 (resignation – ]) | Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, 2007–2011 (resignation – ]) | ||
;Governmental functions | ;Governmental functions | ||
Line 131: | Line 194: | ||
;Electoral mandates | ;Electoral mandates | ||
*Member of the ] for ] (8th constituency) : 1988–1991 (he became minister in 1991) / Reelected in 1997, but he became minister / 2001–2007 (resigned on becoming |
*Member of the ] for ] (8th constituency) : 1988–1991 (he became minister in 1991) / Reelected in 1997, but he became minister / 2001–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). Elected in 1988, reelected in 1997, 2001, 2002, 2007. | ||
*Member of the National Assembly of France for ] : 1986–1988. | |||
*Member of the National Assembly of France for ] : 1986-1988. | |||
;''Regional Council'' | ;''Regional Council'' | ||
Line 140: | Line 202: | ||
;''Municipal Council'' | ;''Municipal Council'' | ||
*Mayor of ], 1995–1997 (resignation). | *Mayor of ], 1995–1997 (resignation). | ||
*Deputy-mayor of Sarcelles, 1997–2007 (resigned on becoming |
*Deputy-mayor of Sarcelles, 1997–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). Reelected in 2001. | ||
*Municipal councillor of Sarcelles, 1989–2007 (resigned on becoming |
*Municipal councillor of Sarcelles, 1989–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). Reelected in 1995, 2001. | ||
;''Agglomeration community Council'' | ;''Agglomeration community Council'' | ||
*President of the Agglomeration community of Val de France, 2002–2007 (resigned on becoming |
*President of the Agglomeration community of Val de France, 2002–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). | ||
*Member of the Agglomeration community of Val de France, 2002–2007 (resigned on becoming |
*Member of the Agglomeration community of Val de France, 2002–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). | ||
=== Board of Russian Regional Development Bank (2013–) === | === Board of Russian Regional Development Bank (2013–) === | ||
In July 2013, Strauss-Kahn accepted a position as a board member of the Russian Regional Development Bank: a banking subsidiary of the Russian state oil company ].<ref>{{cite news| |
In July 2013, Strauss-Kahn accepted a position as a board member of the ]: a banking subsidiary of the Russian state oil company ].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/07/15/strauss-kahn-re-emerges-in-finance-in-russia/ |work=The New York Times |first=Andrew E. |last=Kramer |title=Strauss-Kahn Re-emerges in Finance, in Russia |date=15 July 2013 |access-date=5 March 2017 |archive-date=12 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912011703/http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/07/15/strauss-kahn-re-emerges-in-finance-in-russia/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Shortly after that he also accepted a similar position at the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.ria.ru/business/20130720/182333420/Ex-IMF-Head-Joins-Russian-Investment-Fund-Supervisory-Board.html |title=Ex-IMF Head Joins Russiano Investment Fund Supervisory Board |author=Sputnik |date=20 July 2013 |work=ria.ru |access-date=20 July 2013 |archive-date=17 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217000437/http://en.ria.ru/business/20130720/182333420/Ex-IMF-Head-Joins-Russian-Investment-Fund-Supervisory-Board.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
=== Activities in Ukraine === | |||
He was a member of the supervisory board of the bank Kredit Dnipro and involved himself in the bank Arjil, for which he raised advisory assignments to the Serbian Government in 2013 and to the Tunisian Government in 2016.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
=== Adviser to the Serbian Government === | === Adviser to the Serbian Government === | ||
On 13 September 2013, it was announced by Serbian Deputy Prime Minister ] that Strauss-Kahn would become economic adviser to the Serbian government and that he |
On 13 September 2013, it was announced by Serbian Deputy Prime Minister ] that Strauss-Kahn would become economic adviser to the Serbian government and that he was expected in Belgrade the following week.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20130913-strauss-kahn-hired-advise-serbian-government-vucic|title=Europe - Strauss-Kahn hired to advise Serbia|work=France 24|date=13 September 2013|access-date=16 September 2013|archive-date=16 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130916132916/http://www.france24.com/en/20130913-strauss-kahn-hired-advise-serbian-government-vucic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/09/13/world/europe/serbia-dominique-strauss-kahn/index.html | work=CNN | title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn to advise Serbian government, official says - CNN.com | date=13 September 2013 | access-date=16 September 2013 | archive-date=16 September 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130916161227/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/09/13/world/europe/serbia-dominique-strauss-kahn/index.html | url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
=== Adviser to South Sudan government=== | === Adviser to South Sudan government === | ||
Strauss-Kahn has helped the government of ] to set up the National Credit Bank in May 2013. The bank was owned by the now bankrupt joint venture Leyne, Strauss-Kahn and Partners. But shortly after the bank was established, fighting in South Sudan began and in October 2014 he left the bank.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=David Signer, Dakar|title=Strauss-Kahn: Comeback in Afrika|language=de|work=Neue Zürcher Zeitung|url=https://www.nzz.ch/international/strauss-kahn-comeback-in-afrika-ld.1558489|access-date=8 June 2020|archive-date=9 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609170048/https://www.nzz.ch/international/strauss-kahn-comeback-in-afrika-ld.1558489|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
Strauss-Kahn has helped the government of ] to set up a bank.<ref name=SyK1/> | |||
===Investment banking and hedge fund=== | |||
===Lectures=== | |||
On 25 September 2013, it was announced that Strauss-Kahn was to join Anatevka, a small investment banking firm based in Luxembourg. The firm was also to change its name to Leyne, Strauss-Kahn and Partners or LSK.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ec7bf482-2601-11e3-8ef6-00144feab7de.html#axzz2gN6Dxz7j|title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn embarks on new career as investment banker|work=Financial Times|access-date=30 September 2013|archive-date=1 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001032237/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ec7bf482-2601-11e3-8ef6-00144feab7de.html#axzz2gN6Dxz7j|url-status=live}}</ref> His lead partner in the venture is Thierry Leyne.<ref name=SyK1>Kauffmann, Sylvie, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222083331/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/25/opinion/sunday/why-dsk-wont-go-away.html |date=22 December 2015 }}, New York ''Times'' ], 24 May 2014. Retrieved 26 May 2014.</ref> In 2014, LSK announced an effort to launch a $2 billion hedge fund.<ref>Patel, Sisal S. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024527/http://blogs.marketwatch.com/thetell/2014/03/20/former-j-p-morgan-banker-challenges-regulators-napkins-used-to-exchange-illegal-tips-and-other-banking-reads/ |date=4 March 2016 }}, '']'', 20 March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.</ref> | |||
In 2014, Strauss-Kahn was reported to "work... the lecture circuit in Asia".<ref name=SyK1/> | |||
Three days after Strauss-Kahn left the National Credit Bank in October 2014, Thierry Leyne committed suicide in ]. On 7 November 2014, the company filed for bankruptcy with debts of 100 million ].<ref name=":0" /> | |||
===Investment Banking and Hedge Fund=== | |||
On 25 September 2013, it was announced that Strauss-Kahn was to join Anatevka, a small investment banking firm based in Luxembourg. The firm was also to change its name to Leyne, Strauss-Kahn and Partners or LSK.<ref></ref> His lead partner in the venture is Thierry Leyne.<ref name=SyK1>Kauffmann, Sylvie, , New York ''Times'' ], May 24, 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-26.</ref> In 2014, LSK announced an effort to launch a $2 billion hedge fund.<ref>Patel, Sisal S. , '']'', March 20, 2014. Retrieved 2014-03-20.</ref> | |||
France 2 television has investigated Strauss-Kahn (Cash Investigation) and has shown that he has made a profit of several millions dollars after the crash of National Credit Bank. | |||
On November 7 2014, the company filed for bankruptcy. Hidden obligations emerged after the suicide of Leyne.<ref>http://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/banken/insolvenzverfahren-strauss-kahns-finanzfirma-ist-pleite/10949806.html</ref> | |||
== ''New York v. Strauss-Kahn'' sexual assault case == | |||
===Appearance on French public television 'Euro Story'=== | |||
{{main|New York v. Strauss-Kahn}} | |||
In a "98-minute documentary called 'The ] Story,'<ref></ref> shown in prime time on May 15, included a total of five minutes of comments on the euro crisis .... Narrated by a close friend of his, the economist ]" there was no mention of the Sofitel or Lille Carlton subjects.<ref name=SyK1/> | |||
On 14 May 2011, Nafissatou Diallo, a 32-year-old maid at the ],<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220115912/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-14271114 |date=20 February 2020 }} BBC News, 25 July 2011</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Rushe |first=Dominic |title=Strauss-Kahn Accuser Breaks Silence |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jul/25/strauss-kahn-accuser-breaks-silence?INT7CMP=SRCH |date=25 July 2011 |newspaper=] |location=London |access-date=11 December 2016 |archive-date=17 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917082821/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jul/25/strauss-kahn-accuser-breaks-silence?INT7CMP=SRCH |url-status=live }}</ref> alleged that Strauss-Kahn had sexually assaulted her after she entered his suite.<ref name="Hossenball 05/19">{{cite news |title=Exclusive: Sofitel waited hour to report crime: source |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-strausskahn-timing-idUSTRE74I0GW20110519 |last=Hossenbal |first=Mark |date=19 May 2011 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=5 July 2021 |archive-date=28 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228182339/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-strausskahn-timing-idUSTRE74I0GW20110519 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
Strauss-Kahn was indicted on 18 May and granted {{USD}}1 million bail, plus a {{USD}}5 million bond, after 5 days. He was ordered to remain confined to a New York apartment under guard.<ref name=sc>{{cite web |last=Rosen |first=Jeff |title=Ex IMF chief Strauss-Kahn gears up for release from jail |work=NBC News |date=20 May 2011 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna43107451 |access-date=20 May 2011 |archive-date=19 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220219104224/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna43107451 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ] sample was found on the maid's shirt, and on 24 May it was reported that ] tests showed a match to a DNA sample submitted by Strauss-Kahn.<ref name="BBC_2011-05-24">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-13519035 |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn DNA 'linked to maid' |work=BBC News |date=24 May 2011 |access-date=21 June 2011 |archive-date=27 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527082957/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-13519035 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was arraigned on 6 June 2011, and pleaded not guilty.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/06/06/new.york.imf.case/index.html |title=Ex-IMF chief Strauss-Kahn pleads not guilty at arraignment |publisher=CNN |date=6 June 2011 |access-date=6 June 2011 |archive-date=9 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609041133/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/06/06/new.york.imf.case/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 30 June 2011, '']'' reported that the case was on the verge of collapse because of problems with the credibility of the alleged victim, who had, according to sources within the ], repeatedly lied since making her first statement.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/01/nyregion/strauss-kahn-case-seen-as-in-jeopardy.html?_r=3 |title=Strauss-Kahn Case Seen as in Jeopardy |publisher=nyt |date=30 June 2011 |access-date=30 June 2011 |first1=Jim |last1=Dwyer |first2=William K. |last2=Rashbaum |first3=John |last3=Eligon |archive-date=5 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705144921/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/01/nyregion/strauss-kahn-case-seen-as-in-jeopardy.html?_r=3 |url-status=live }}</ref> According to prosecutors, the accuser admitted that she lied to a grand jury about the events surrounding the alleged attack.<ref>{{cite news |author=KPeters_from_UK |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/da-strauss-kahn-accuser-cleaned-after-encounter/ |title=DA: Strauss-Kahn accuser cleaned after encounter |work=CBS News |date=25 May 2011 |access-date=1 July 2011 |archive-date=3 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110703064046/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/07/01/national/main20076147.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> Diallo said that the translator misunderstood her words.<ref>{{cite web |last=Saletan |first=William |author-link=William Saletan |title=Frame the Victim: Prosecutors oversold the case against Dominique Strauss-Kahn. Now they're overselling the case against his accuser. |url=http://www.slate.com/id/2302193/pagenum/all/ |work=] |date=23 August 2011 |access-date=28 August 2011 |archive-date=19 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220219104201/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2011/08/dominique-strauss-kahn-and-nafissatou-diallo-are-prosecutors-framing-the-victim.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Roberts |first=Robin |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/video/dominique-strauss-kahn-accuser-nafissatou-diallo-complete-interview-14336006 |title=DSK Accuser Nafissatou Diallo: Full Interview |work=ABC News |date=18 August 2011 |access-date=28 August 2011 |archive-date=29 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929201505/http://abcnews.go.com/US/video/dominique-strauss-kahn-accuser-nafissatou-diallo-complete-interview-14336006 |url-status=live }}</ref> Strauss-Kahn was released from ] on 1 July.<ref>{{cite news |last=Eligon |first=John |title=Strauss-Kahn Released as Case Teeters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/02/nyregion/new-yorkers-and-french-await-latest-dominique-strauss-kahn-legal-turn.html |work=The New York Times |date=1 July 2011 |access-date=1 July 2011 |archive-date=2 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702111717/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/02/nyregion/new-yorkers-and-french-await-latest-dominique-strauss-kahn-legal-turn.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
== Personal life == | |||
Strauss-Kahn has four daughters,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,754218-2,00.html|title=IMF Boss May Challenge Sarkozy for French Presidency|author=Julia Amalia Heyer|work=Der Spiegel|date=31 March 2011|accessdate=15 May 2011}}</ref> one by his second wife, Brigitte Guillemette, whom he married in 1984.<ref>{{cite news|last=Samuel |first=Henry |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/dominique-strauss-kahn/8518906/Dominique-Strauss-Kahn-second-wife-says-New-York-sex-attack-unthinkable.html |title=Second wife says New York sex attack 'unthinkable' |publisher=Telegraph |date=17 May 2011 |accessdate=1 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> He married his third wife, French journalist ], in 1991. Sinclair is the heiress to part of the fortune of her maternal grandfather, ]. The couple had a house in the ] neighborhood of Washington, D.C.,<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thegeorgetowndish.com/thelatest/imf-chief-and-georgetown-resident-charged-nyc-assault-maid| title=IMF chief and Georgetown resident charged in NYC assault of maid| work=Georgetown dish| date=16 May 2011 }}</ref> two apartments in Paris,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/15/us-france-strausskahn-idUSTRE74E0HS20110515|title=Strauss-Kahn, France's would-be president|author=Brian Love|agency=Reuters |date=15 May 2011|accessdate=15 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/15/france-dominique-strauss-kahn-lifestyle| title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn accused of sex attack on maid| work=The Guardian| date= 15 May 2011| location=London| first1=Kim| last1=Willsher| first2=Paul| last2=Gallagher}}</ref> and a ] in ], Morocco.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/politique/d-ou-vient-le-riad-du-couple-dsk-sinclair_991377.html?xtor=x| title=D'où vient le riad du couple DSK-Sinclair?| work=L'Express| author=Boris Thiolay| date= 11/05/2011 }}</ref> He is an accomplished chess player who enjoys playing chess for up to two or three hours a day on his ].<ref> By Richard Tomlinson and Sandrine Rastello - January 26, 2011 12:01 AM GMT Bloomberg Markets Magazine</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Hudson|first=John|title=Washingtonian's Fawning Strauss-Kahn Profile Gets a Rewrite|url=http://www.theatlanticwire.com/business/2011/05/washingtonian-fawning-strauss-kahn-profile-gets-rewrite/38062/|accessdate=12 August 2013|newspaper=]|date=24 May 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6Io7cRWm1|archivedate=12 August 2011}}</ref> | |||
After completing a lengthy investigation, prosecutors filed a motion to drop all charges against Strauss-Kahn, stating that they were not convinced of his culpability beyond a reasonable doubt due to serious issues in the complainant's credibility and inconclusive physical evidence, and therefore could not ask a jury to believe in it.<ref name=nyt110822>{{cite news |title=Judge Orders Dismissal of Charges Against Strauss-Kahn |work=The New York Times |date=23 August 2011 |access-date=23 August 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/24/nyregion/charges-against-strauss-kahn-dismissed.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&src=ig |first=John |last=Eligon |archive-date=23 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223175831/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/24/nyregion/charges-against-strauss-kahn-dismissed.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&src=ig |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111903461304576524533952310342 |title=DA Moves to Abandon Strauss-Kahn Charges |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=23 August 2011 |archive-date=23 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223220232/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111903461304576524533952310342 |url-status=live }}</ref> The motion was granted by Judge Obus in a hearing on 23 August 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/nationnow/2011/08/all-charges-dropped-in-strauss-kahn-case.html |title=All charges against Dominique Strauss-Kahn dismissed |work=Los Angeles Times |date=23 August 2011 |access-date=2 November 2011 |archive-date=25 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125025140/https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/nationnow/2011/08/all-charges-dropped-in-strauss-kahn-case.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=motiontodismiss>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2011/08/22/nyregion/dsk-recommendation-to-dismiss-case.html?nl=nyregion&emc=ura1 |title=Recommendation for Dismissal of Strauss-Kahn Case |author=The People of the State of New York |work=The New York Times |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=24 August 2011 |archive-date=24 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524191236/http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2011/08/22/nyregion/dsk-recommendation-to-dismiss-case.html?nl=nyregion&emc=ura1 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a TV interview in September, Strauss-Kahn admitted that his liaison with Diallo was a moral fault and described it as "inappropriate" but said it did not involve violence, constraint or aggression. He said that Diallo had lied about the encounter and that he had no intention of negotiating with her over a civil suit she had filed against him.<ref name="BBC_2011-09-18">{{cite news |last=Fraser |first=Christian |author-link=Christian Fraser |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn rues New York hotel maid liaison |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14963176 |work=BBC News |date=18 September 2011 |access-date=18 September 2011 |archive-date=9 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109222220/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-14963176 |url-status=live }}</ref> Strauss-Kahn later reached a settlement with Diallo for an undisclosed amount over the civil suit.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chambermaid Nafissatou Diallo and Dominique Strauss-Kahn settle civil lawsuits stemming from alleged hotel rape |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/dsk-hotel-maid-settle-civil-lawsuits-rape-charges-article-1.1217140 |access-date=9 August 2013 |newspaper=] |date=10 December 2012 |author=Vera Chinese |author2=Daniel Beekman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517152723/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/dsk-hotel-maid-settle-civil-lawsuits-rape-charges-article-1.1217140 |archive-date=17 May 2013 |quote='I thank everyone who supported me all over the world,' Diallo says leaving courthouse |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
On 31 August 2012, Anne Sinclair agreed in a newspaper interview that she and Strauss-Kahn had separated. When asked how she was doing "since separation", she responded, "Very well, thank you....I am in good shape; I took some vacation; I work hard again."<ref>{{cite news|title=Strauss-Kahn's wife Anne Sinclair confirms split|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19436835|publisher=BBC|accessdate=19 December 2012|date=31 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Strauss-Kahn's Wife Confirms Separation|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444914904577623341577464720.html|work=Wall Street Journal|accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref> The couple divorced in March 2013. | |||
===Aftermath=== | |||
On 25 May 2013, Strauss-Kahn appeared at the ] with his new partner, Myriam L'Aouffir, a communications manager for ].<ref name="die_welt"> - ''Die Welt''</ref><ref>, '']'', 25 May 2013</ref> | |||
In the aftermath of the New York arrest, numerous other allegations of sexual misconduct were made. During the case, journalist ] came forward with a claim that Strauss-Kahn had attempted to rape her. In September 2011, Banon stated that if there was no criminal prosecution, she would bring a civil case against Strauss-Kahn.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/french-author-tristane-banon-vows-to-sue-dominique-strauss-kahn/story-e6frg6so-1226142095785 |title=French author Tristane Banon vows to sue Dominique Strauss-Kahn |date=21 September 2011 |work=The Australian |access-date=4 November 2012 |archive-date=13 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613182904/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/french-author-tristane-banon-vows-to-sue-dominique-strauss-kahn/story-e6frg6so-1226142095785 |url-status=live }}</ref> According to a report in '']'', Strauss-Kahn admitted to attempting to kiss Banon.<ref>{{cite web |last=Chung |first=Jen |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn Admits He Tried To Kiss French Writer |url=http://gothamist.com/2011/09/16/dominique_strauss-kahn_admits_he_tr.php |publisher=] |access-date=12 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929191911/http://gothamist.com/2011/09/16/dominique_strauss-kahn_admits_he_tr.php |archive-date=29 September 2011 |date=16 September 2011}}</ref> In October, the French public prosecutors dropped the investigation. They stated that there was a lack of evidence regarding the allegation of attempted rape.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-strausskahn-france-inquiry-idUSTRE79C3JT20111013 |title=French Strauss-Kahn sex assault probe dropped |publisher=Reuters |date=13 October 2011 |access-date=13 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130702061459/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/13/us-strausskahn-france-inquiry-idUSTRE79C3JT20111013 |archive-date=2 July 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Cazi |first=Emeline |title=La plainte de Tristane Banon contre Dominique Strauss-Kahn classée sans suite |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/dsk/article/2011/10/13/la-plainte-de-tristane-banon-contre-dsk-pour-tentative-de-viol-classee-sans-suite_1587468_1522571.html |access-date=12 August 2013 |newspaper=] |date=13 October 2011 |language=fr |archive-date=30 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730033456/http://www.lemonde.fr/dsk/article/2011/10/13/la-plainte-de-tristane-banon-contre-dsk-pour-tentative-de-viol-classee-sans-suite_1587468_1522571.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
A ] about the case, titled ''DXK'', starring ] as titular character, was crowdfunded and released in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |author=T. H. R. Staff |date=2011-11-01 |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn Scandal To Be Made Into an Adult Film |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/dominique-strauss-kahn-scandal-porno-256084/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809083844/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/dominique-strauss-kahn-scandal-porno-256084/ |archive-date=August 9, 2022 |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Report |first=Post Staff |date=2011-11-02 |title=DSK porn film |url=https://nypost.com/2011/11/02/dsk-porn-film/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922065207/http://nypost.com/2011/11/02/dsk-porn-film |archive-date=September 22, 2017 |access-date=2024-11-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> Originally, the lead character's name was announced to be Dominique Sex King,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-11-01 |title=DSK Rape Case Being Made Into Porn Film |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dominique-strauss-kahn-porn-film_n_1069229 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924042402/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dominique-strauss-kahn-porn-film_n_1069229 |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}</ref> which was later changed to David Sex King. | |||
== ''New York v. Strauss-Kahn'' and later allegations== | |||
{{main|New York v. Strauss-Kahn}} | |||
A feature film directed by ], '']'' (2014), was based on the Strauss-Kahn story. The film, featuring "] as Devereaux, a character modeled on Strauss-Kahn, and ] as Simone, likewise based on ], ... built around the Sofitel scandal and portray both characters in an unforgiving light". Sinclair said the film was "disgusting" and Strauss-Kahn's lawyer said "his client would sue the film's producers for libel".<ref name="SyK1" /> | |||
On 14 May 2011, a 32-year-old maid, Nafissatou Diallo,<ref> ''BBC News'' 25 July 2011</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Rushe|first=Dominic|title=Strauss-Kahn Accuser Breaks Silence|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jul/25/strauss-kahn-accuser-breaks-silence?INT7CMP=SRCH|date=July 25, 2011|newspaper=]|location=London}}</ref> at the ] alleged that Strauss-Kahn had sexually assaulted her after she entered his suite.<ref name="Hossenball 05/19">{{cite news|title=Exclusive: Sofitel waited hour to report crime: source|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/19/us-strausskahn-timing-idUSTRE74I0GW20110519|last=Hossenbal|first=Mark|date=2011-05-19|publisher=Reuters.com}}</ref> | |||
In 2020 ] released the documentary series ''Room 2806: The Accusation'', a reconstruction of the Sofitel-affair and other cases of alleged sexual assault by Strauss-Kahn, based on interviews with persons involved. Strauss-Kahn declined to appear in the documentary. | |||
Strauss-Kahn was formally indicted on 18 May and granted {{USD}}1 million bail, plus a {{USD}}5 million bond, the following day. He was ordered to remain confined to a New York apartment under guard.<ref name=sc>{{cite web | |||
| last = Rosen | |||
| first = Jeff | |||
| title = Ex IMF chief Strauss-Kahn gears up for release from jail | |||
| publisher=MSNBC News | |||
| date = 20 May 2011 | |||
| url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43107451/ns/us_news-crime_and_courts/ | |||
| accessdate =20 May 2011}}</ref> A ] sample was found on the maid's shirt, and on May 24 it was reported that ] tests showed a match to a DNA sample submitted by Strauss-Kahn.<ref name="BBC_2011-05-24">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-13519035|title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn DNA 'linked to maid'|publisher=BBC|date=May 24, 2011|accessdate=June 21, 2011}}</ref> He was arraigned on June 6, 2011, and pled not guilty.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/06/06/new.york.imf.case/index.html |title=Ex-IMF chief Strauss-Kahn pleads not guilty at arraignment |publisher=CNN | date=6 June 2011 |accessdate=6 June 2011}}</ref> On June 30, 2011, the '']'' reported that the case was on the verge of collapse because of problems with the credibility of the alleged victim, who had, according to sources within the ], repeatedly lied since making her first statement.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/01/nyregion/strauss-kahn-case-seen-as-in-jeopardy.html?_r=3 |title=Strauss-Kahn Case Seen as in Jeopardy |publisher=nyt |date= 30 June 2011 |accessdate=30 June 2011 |first1=Jim |last1=Dwyer |first2=William K. |last2=Rashbaum |first3=John |last3=Eligon}}</ref> According to prosecutors, the accuser admitted that she lied to a grand jury about the events surrounding the alleged attack.<ref>{{cite news|author=KPeters_from_UK July 1, 2011 2:17 PM EDT |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/07/01/national/main20076147.shtml |title=DA: Strauss-Kahn accuser cleaned after encounter |publisher=CBS News |date=25 May 2011 |accessdate=1 July 2011}}</ref> Diallo said that the translator misunderstood her words.<ref>{{cite web|last=Saletan|first=William|title=Frame the Victim: Prosecutors oversold the case against Dominique Strauss-Kahn. Now they're overselling the case against his accuser.|url=http://www.slate.com/id/2302193/pagenum/all/|work=Slate|date=23 August 2011|accessdate=28 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Roberts|first=Robin|url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/video/dominique-strauss-kahn-accuser-nafissatou-diallo-complete-interview-14336006|title=DSK Accuser Nafissatou Diallo: Full Interview |publisher=ABC News|date=18 August 2011|accessdate=28 August 2011}}</ref> Strauss-Kahn was released from ] on 1 July.<ref>{{cite news | |||
|url= http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/02/nyregion/new-yorkers-and-french-await-latest-dominique-strauss-kahn-legal-turn.html | |||
|title= Strauss-Kahn Released as Case Teeters | |||
|work= New York Times | |||
|author= John Eligon | |||
|date = 1 July 2011 | |||
|accessdate=1 July 2011}} | |||
</ref> | |||
==Acquittal on aggravated pimping charges== | |||
After completing a lengthy investigation, prosecutors filed a motion to drop all charges against Strauss-Kahn, stating that they were not convinced of his culpability beyond a reasonable doubt due to serious issues in the complainant's credibility and inconclusive physical evidence, and therefore could not ask a jury to believe in it.<ref name=nyt110822>{{cite news|title=Judge Orders Dismissal of Charges Against Strauss-Kahn|publisher=New York Times|date=2011-08-23|accessdate=2011-08-23|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/24/nyregion/charges-against-strauss-kahn-dismissed.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&src=ig|first=John|last=Eligon}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Wall Street Journal |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111903461304576524533952310342.html |title=DA Moves to Abandon Strauss-Kahn Charges |publisher=wsj.com |date=22 August 2011 |accessdate=23 August 2011}}</ref> The motion was granted by Judge Obus in a hearing on August 23, 2011.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/nationnow/2011/08/all-charges-dropped-in-strauss-kahn-case.html |title=All charges against Dominique Strauss-Kahn dismissed |work=LA Times |date=2011-08-23 |accessdate=2011-11-02}}</ref><ref name = motiontodismiss>{{cite news | url = http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2011/08/22/nyregion/dsk-recommendation-to-dismiss-case.html?nl=nyregion&emc=ura1 | title = Recommendation for Dismissal of Strauss-Kahn Case | author = The People of the State of New York | work = The New York Times | date = August 22, 2011 | accessdate = August 24, 2011}}</ref> In a TV interview in September, Strauss-Kahn admitted that his liaison with Diallo was a moral fault and described it as "inappropriate" but that it did not involve violence, constraint or aggression. He said that Diallo had lied about the encounter and that he had no intention of negotiating with her over a civil suit she had filed against him.<ref name="BBC_2011-09-18">{{cite news | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14963176 | title = Dominique Strauss-Kahn rues New York hotel maid liaison | author = Fraser, Christian | work = BBC News | date = 18 September 2011 | accessdate = 18 September 2011 }}</ref> Strauss-Kahn later reached a settlement with Diallo for an undisclosed amount over the civil suit.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chambermaid Nafissatou Diallo and Dominique Strauss-Kahn settle civil lawsuits stemming from alleged hotel rape|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/dsk-hotel-maid-settle-civil-lawsuits-rape-charges-article-1.1217140|accessdate=9 August 2013|newspaper=]|date=10 December 2012|author=Vera Chinese|author2=Daniel Beekman|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6IjSkp9Rk|archivedate=9 August 2013|quote='I thank everyone who supported me all over the world,' Diallo says leaving courthouse}}</ref> | |||
In March 2012, Strauss-Kahn came under investigation in France over his alleged involvement in a prostitution ring. The allegations relate to his supposed involvement in hiring prostitutes for sex parties at hotels in ], Paris and Washington.<ref name=abc1>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2012/s3465167.htm |work=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |title=DSK investigated over prostitution allegations |date=27 March 2012 |access-date=27 March 2012 |archive-date=4 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004233208/http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2012/s3465167.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
On 2 October 2012, a French prosecutor announced that they would discontinue the investigation of Strauss-Kahn's connection to a possible gang rape in ]<ref name=dcgang>{{cite news |title=French prosecutor drops Strauss-Kahn 'gang rape' probe |url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/02/world/europe/france-strauss-kahn/index.html |publisher=CNN |access-date=2 October 2012 |date=2 October 2012 |archive-date=3 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003071135/http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/02/world/europe/france-strauss-kahn/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
In the aftermath of the New York arrest other allegations were made. During the case, the journalist ] came forward with a claim that Strauss-Kahn had attempted to rape her. In September Banon stated that if there is no criminal prosecution, she would bring a civil case against Strauss-Kahn.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/french-author-tristane-banon-vows-to-sue-dominique-strauss-kahn/story-e6frg6so-1226142095785 | title=French author Tristane Banon vows to sue Dominique Strauss-Kahn | date=21 September 2011 | work=The Australian}}</ref> According to a report in '']'' Strauss-Kahn admitted to attempting to kiss Banon.<ref>{{cite web|last=Chung|first=Jen|title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn Admits He Tried To Kiss French Writer|url=http://gothamist.com/2011/09/16/dominique_strauss-kahn_admits_he_tr.php|publisher=]|accessdate=12 August 2013}}</ref> In October the French public prosecutors dropped the investigation. They stated that there was a lack of evidence regarding the allegation of attempted rape.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/13/us-strausskahn-france-inquiry-idUSTRE79C3JT20111013|title=French Strauss-Kahn sex assault probe dropped|agency=Reuters|date=13 October 2011|accessdate=13 October 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6Io5eluJY|archivedate=12 August 2013|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cazi|first=Emeline|title=La plainte de Tristane Banon contre Dominique Strauss-Kahn classée sans suite|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/dsk/article/2011/10/13/la-plainte-de-tristane-banon-contre-dsk-pour-tentative-de-viol-classee-sans-suite_1587468_1522571.html|accessdate=12 August 2013|newspaper=]|date=13 October 2011|language=French}}</ref> In March 2012, Strauss-Kahn came under investigation in France over his alleged involvement in a prostitution ring. The allegations relate to his supposed involvement in hiring prostitutes for sex parties at hotels in ], Paris and Washington.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2012/s3465167.htm | work=Australian Broadcasting Corporation | title=DSK investigated over prostitution allegations | date=27 March 2012}}</ref> On 2 October 2012, a French prosecutor announced that they will not continue the investigation of Strauss-Kahn's connection to a possible gang rape in ].<ref>{{cite news|title=French prosecutor drops Strauss-Kahn 'gang rape' probe|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/02/world/europe/france-strauss-kahn/index.html|publisher=CNN|accessdate=2 October 2012|date=2 October 2012}}</ref> | |||
On 26 July 2013, French prosecutors announced that Strauss-Kahn was to stand trial concerning allegations of |
On 26 July 2013, French prosecutors announced that Strauss-Kahn was to stand trial concerning allegations of aggravated pimping at the ] in ].<ref name=Guardian26July2013>{{cite news |last=Willsher |first=Kim |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn to stand trial for pimping, French prosecutors say |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/26/dominique-strauss-kahn-trial-pimping |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=26 July 2013 |location=London |date=26 July 2013 |archive-date=4 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904085636/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/26/dominique-strauss-kahn-trial-pimping |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Strauss-Kahn was acquitted of these charges on 12 June 2015. His defense characterized the Carlton orgies as "sex between multiple and consensual partners, in a spirit of libertinage".<ref name=nyt1>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/13/world/europe/dsk-acquitted-aggravated-pimping-charges.html |title=Dominique Strauss-Kahn Acquitted of Pimping Charges |work=The New York Times |date=13 June 2015 |access-date=12 June 2015 |author=Breeden, Aurelien |archive-date=12 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612152350/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/13/world/europe/dsk-acquitted-aggravated-pimping-charges.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
A feature film '']'' directed by ] (2014) was based on the Strauss-Kahn story. The film featured "] as Devereaux, a character modeled on D.S.K., and ] as Simone, likewise based on Anne Sinclair, ... built around the Sofitel scandal and portray both characters in an unforgiving light". Sinclair said the film was "disgusting" and Strauss-Kahn's lawyer said "his client would sue the film's producers for libel".<ref name=SyK1/> | |||
== Works == | == Works == | ||
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* ''La Richesse des Français- Epargne, Plus-value/Héritage''. (with André Babeau). Paris: PUF, 1977. Collection « L'économiste » ed. Pierre Tabatoni. Enquête sur la fortune des Français. | * ''La Richesse des Français- Epargne, Plus-value/Héritage''. (with André Babeau). Paris: PUF, 1977. Collection « L'économiste » ed. Pierre Tabatoni. Enquête sur la fortune des Français. | ||
* '']: une volonté de réforme au service de l'économie 1984–1993.'' Cheff, 2000. (with ]) | * '']: une volonté de réforme au service de l'économie 1984–1993.'' Cheff, 2000. (with ]) | ||
*''La Flamme et la Cendre'', Grasset, 2002, (ISBN |
*''La Flamme et la Cendre'', Grasset, 2002, ({{ISBN|2-01-279122-0}}) | ||
*''Lettre ouverte aux enfants d'Europe'', Grasset, 2004, (ISBN |
*''Lettre ouverte aux enfants d'Europe'', Grasset, 2004, ({{ISBN|2-246-68251-7}}) | ||
* ''Pour l'égalité réelle: Eléments pour un réformisme radical'', Note de la Fondation Jean Jaurès, 2004 | * ''Pour l'égalité réelle: Eléments pour un réformisme radical'', Note de la Fondation Jean Jaurès, 2004 | ||
* ''DVD pour le Oui à la constitution'', 2005 | * ''DVD pour le Oui à la constitution'', 2005 | ||
* ''365 jours, journal contre le renoncement'', Grasset, 2006 | * ''365 jours, journal contre le renoncement'', Grasset, 2006 | ||
==See also== | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist}} | |||
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} | |||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{Commons category}} | {{Commons category}} | ||
* | * | ||
*{{C-SPAN| |
* {{C-SPAN|55658}} | ||
*{{Charlie Rose view|3799}} | * {{Charlie Rose view|3799}} | ||
* {{Guardian topic}} | |||
*{{Guardiantopic|world/dominique-strauss-kahn}} | |||
*{{NYTtopic|people/s/dominique_strausskahn}} | *{{NYTtopic|people/s/dominique_strausskahn}} | ||
*{{Worldcat id|lccn-n50-13896}} | |||
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{{s-ttl|title=]<br>for ]|years=1986–1988}} | {{s-ttl|title=Deputy of the ]<br>for ]|years=1986–1988}} | ||
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{{s-ttl|title=Managing Director of the ]|years=2007–2011}} | {{s-ttl|title=Managing Director of the ]|years=2007–2011}} | ||
{{s-aft|after=]}} | {{s-aft|after=]<br>{{small|Acting}}}} | ||
{{s-end}} | {{s-end}} | ||
{{Finance Ministers of France}} | {{Finance Ministers of France}} | ||
{{IMF Managing Directors}} | {{IMF Managing Directors}} | ||
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{{Persondata | |||
| NAME =Strauss-Kahn, Dominique Gaston André | |||
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | |||
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = French economist | |||
| DATE OF BIRTH =25 April 1949 | |||
| PLACE OF BIRTH =], France | |||
| DATE OF DEATH = | |||
| PLACE OF DEATH = | |||
}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Strauss-Kahn, Dominique}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Strauss-Kahn, Dominique}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 02:53, 24 December 2024
French economist and politician (born 1949)You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (November 2022) Click for important translation instructions.
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Dominique Strauss-Kahn | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In office 1 November 2007 – 18 May 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deputy | John Lipsky | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Rodrigo Rato | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Christine Lagarde | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Born | Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn (1949-04-25) 25 April 1949 (age 75) Neuilly-sur-Seine, Seine, France | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Political party | Socialist Party | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Children | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Education | HEC Paris Sciences Po Paris Institute of Statistics Paris Nanterre University | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn (French: [dɔminik stʁos kan]; born 25 April 1949), also known as DSK, is a French economist and politician who served as the tenth managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and was a member of the French Socialist Party. He attained notoriety due to his involvement in several sex scandals.
He was a professor of economics at Paris West University Nanterre La Défense and Sciences Po, and was Minister of Economy and Finance from 1997 to 1999, as part of Lionel Jospin's Plural Left government. He sought the nomination in the Socialist Party presidential primary of 2006, but was defeated by Ségolène Royal.
Strauss-Kahn was appointed managing director of the IMF on 28 September 2007, with the backing of then–President of France Nicolas Sarkozy. He served in that capacity until his resignation on 18 May 2011, in the wake of an allegation that he had sexually assaulted a hotel maid; the charges were later dismissed. Other sexual allegations followed, and resulted in acquittals. These accusations were seen as controversial in France, and prompted prominent conspiracy theories, as well as a debate on the role of the media in debating and determining a suspect's guilt ahead of conviction or legal proceedings having even been initiated. Numerous photos of the handcuffed Strauss-Kahn were banned from publication under French laws, while their publication in the United States prompted outrage.
These legal cases led to him dropping out the 2012 French presidential election, where he had been the favorite to win the Socialist Party's nomination (the party's eventual candidate, Francois Hollande, won the presidential election), and put an end to Strauss-Kahn's nascent political career. He then resumed his activities in the private sector, mainly advising governments on their sovereign debts.
Early life
Dominique Strauss-Kahn was born on 25 April 1949 in the wealthy Paris suburb of Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine. He is the son of lawyer Gilbert Strauss-Kahn. Strauss-Kahn's father was born to an Alsatian Jewish father while Strauss-Kahn's mother is from a Sephardic Jewish family in Tunisia.
He and his parents settled in Morocco in 1951, but after the 1960 earthquake moved to Monaco, where his father practised law. While the family was living in Monaco, Strauss-Kahn went to school at the Lycée Albert Premier. The family later returned to Paris, where he attended classes préparatoires at the Lycée Carnot. He graduated from HEC Paris in 1971 and from Sciences Po and the Paris Institute of Statistics in 1972. He failed the entrance examination for École nationale d'administration, but obtained a bachelor degree in public law, as well as a PhD and an agrégation (1977) in economics at the Université Paris X (Nanterre).
Marriage and children
Strauss-Kahn has been married four times and has five children. His first wife was Hélène Dumas, whom he married in 1967 when he was 18 and she was 20. The marriage lasted sixteen years and produced three children — Vanessa (1973), Marine (1976), and Laurin (1981) — but ended in divorce. Strauss-Kahn married his second wife, Brigitte Guillemette, a public relations executive, in 1986. Their daughter, Camille, was born in 1985. His third wife (married 1991) was Anne Sinclair, a popular French journalist and heiress, the granddaughter of art dealer Paul Rosenberg. This marriage barely survived Strauss-Kahn's tenure at the IMF and the highly publicized allegations of sexual assault in 2011. In 2012, the press announced Sinclair and Strauss-Kahn's separation. Their divorce was finalized in 2013.
In 2017, Strauss-Kahn married Myriam L'Aouffir [fr], a digital communications expert. Strauss-Kahn also has an American son, Darius, born in 2010, as a result of an affair while he was serving as Director General of the IMF in Washington DC.
Career outside politics
From 1977 to 1981, Strauss-Kahn lectured at the University of Nancy-II, first as an assistant, and later as assistant professor, before taking a position at the University of Nanterre. In 1982, he was appointed to the Plan Commission as head of the finance department, and later as Deputy Commissioner, a position he held until his election to the National Assembly in 1986. After his ousting in the 1993 parliamentary elections, Strauss-Kahn founded DSK Consultants, a corporate law consulting firm. Upon resigning from Lionel Jospin's government he resumed his academic duties, teaching economics at Sciences Po from 2000 until his appointment to the IMF in 2007.
Political career
Strauss-Kahn was first an activist member of the Union of Communist Students, before joining in the 1970s the Centre d'études, de recherches et d'éducation socialiste (Center on Socialist Education Studies and Research, CERES) led by Jean-Pierre Chevènement, future presidential candidate at the 2002 election. There, he befriended the future Prime Minister of France Lionel Jospin (PS).
After the election of President François Mitterrand (PS) in 1981, he decided to stay out of government. He got involved in the Socialist Party (PS), which was led by Lionel Jospin, and founded Socialisme et judaïsme ("Socialism and Judaism"). The next year, he was appointed to the Commissariat au plan (Planning Commission) as commissaire-adjoint.
In 1986, he was elected Member of Parliament for the first time in the Haute-Savoie department, and in 1988 in the Val-d'Oise department. He became chairman of the National Assembly Committee on Finances, famously exchanging heated words with the Finance Minister Pierre Bérégovoy (PS).
Minister for Industry (1991–93)
In 1991, he was nominated by Mitterrand to be Junior Minister for Industry and Foreign Trade in Édith Cresson's social-democratic government. He kept his position in Pierre Bérégovoy's government until the 1993 general elections.
After the electoral defeat of 1993, Strauss-Kahn was appointed by former Prime Minister Michel Rocard chairman of the groupe des experts du PS ("Group of Experts of the Socialist Party"), created by Claude Allègre. The same year, he founded the law firm DSK Consultants, and worked as a business lawyer.
In 1994, Raymond Lévy, who was director of Renault, invited him to join the Cercle de l'Industrie, a French industry lobby in Brussels, where he met the billionaire businessman Vincent Bolloré and top manager Louis Schweitzer; Strauss-Kahn served as secretary-general and later as vice-president. This lobbyist activity earned him criticism from the alter-globalization left.
In June 1995, he was elected mayor of Sarcelles and married Anne Sinclair, a famous television journalist working for the private channel TF1 and in charge of a political show, Sept sur Sept. She ceased presenting this show after Strauss-Kahn's nomination as Minister of Economics and Finance in 1997, in order to avoid conflict of interest, while Strauss-Kahn himself ceded his place as mayor to François Pupponi in order to avoid double responsibilities.
Minister for Economics, Finances and Industry (1997–99)
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In 1997, Prime Minister Lionel Jospin (PS) appointed Strauss-Kahn as Minister for Economics, Finance and Industry, making him one of the most influential ministers in his Plural Left government.
Although it was in theory contrary to the Socialist Party's electoral program, he implemented a wide privatization program, which included among others the IPO of France Télécom; he also implemented some deregulation policies in the research and development sector. The French economy achieved an excellent performance during his term of office: GDP increased, whereas unemployment and public debt decreased (creation of 300,000 jobs in 1998, a level not seen since 1969). This helped to strengthen his popularity and managed to win the support of former supporters of Jospin and Michel Rocard, making him the leader of the reform-oriented group Socialisme et démocratie. Strauss-Kahn was an early proponent of reducing the working week to 35 hours, a measure implemented by Martine Aubry, Minister for Social Policies.
In 1998, he became one of the leaders of the Socialist Party for the regional elections in the Ile-de-France region (Paris and suburbs), which were won by the PS. But as Strauss-Kahn refused to swap his ministry for the executive leadership of the Ile-de-France, Jean-Paul Huchon became the president of the regional council.
In 1999, he was accused of corruption in two financial scandals related to Elf Aquitaine and the MNEF Affair, a student mutual health insurance, and decided to resign from his ministerial office to fight these charges, in agreement with the "Balladur jurisprudence". He was replaced by Christian Sautter. He was acquitted in November 2001, and was reelected in a by-election in the Val-d'Oise.
As Minister of Economics and Finance, Strauss-Kahn succeeded in decreasing VAT to 5.5% for renovation works in construction, thus supporting this activity. At the same time, he decreased the budget deficit, which was more than 3% of GDP under Alain Juppé's center-right government (1995–97). He thus prepared France's entrance into the eurozone. Strauss-Kahn also repealed the Thomas Act on hedge funds, and launched the Conseil d'orientation des retraites (Orientation Council on Pensions).
Strauss-Kahn succeeded in combining followers of Jospin and Rocard in the same political movement, Socialisme et démocratie, but failed to make it more than an informal network.
In opposition
After Jacques Chirac's success in the 2002 presidential election and the following Union for a Popular Movement (UMP)'s majority in Parliament, Strauss-Kahn was re-elected Member of Parliament on 16 June 2002, in the 8th circonscription of the Val-d'Oise. He first declined in taking part in the new leadership of the PS, then in the opposition, in the 2003 congress of the party. But he joined the party's leadership again at the end of 2004, and was given overall responsibility for drawing up the Socialist programme for the 2007 presidential election, along with Martine Aubry and Jack Lang. During the summer meeting of 2005, he announced that he would be a candidate for the primary elections of the Socialist Party for the presidential election.
At the same time, Strauss-Kahn co-founded the think tank À gauche en Europe (To the Left in Europe) along with Michel Rocard. He presided jointly with Jean-Christophe Cambadélis over the Socialisme et démocratie current in the PS.
Strauss-Kahn was one of the first French politicians to enter the blogosphere; his blog became one of the most visited, along with Juppé's, during his stay in Quebec.
Strauss-Kahn then campaigned for a 'Yes' vote in the 2005 French European Constitution referendum. More than 54% of the French citizens refused it, damaging Strauss-Kahn's position inside the PS, while left-wing Laurent Fabius, who had campaigned for a 'No' vote, was reinforced.
Strauss-Kahn sought the nomination for the Socialist candidacy in the 2007 presidential election. His challengers were former prime minister Laurent Fabius and Ségolène Royal, the president of the Poitou-Charentes region. Strauss-Kahn finished second, behind Royal. On 13 April 2007, Strauss-Kahn called for an "anti-Sarkozy front" between the two rounds of the forthcoming presidential election. Following Ségolène Royal's defeat, Strauss-Kahn criticized the PS's strategy and its chairman, François Hollande. Along with Fabius, he then resigned from the party's national directorate in June 2007. Strauss-Kahn had been widely expected to seek the Socialist nomination for President of France in 2012, and was considered an early favorite.
IMF Managing Director (2007–11)
On 10 July 2007, Strauss-Kahn became the consensus European nominee to be the head of the IMF, with the personal support of President Nicolas Sarkozy (member of the right UMP party). Former Polish Prime Minister Marek Belka withdrew his candidacy as it was opposed by the majority of European countries. Some critics alleged that Sarkozy proposed Strauss-Kahn as managing director of the IMF to deprive the Socialist Party of one of its more popular figures.
Strauss-Kahn became the front runner in the race to become managing director of the IMF, with the support of the 27-nation European Union, the United States, China and most of Africa. On 28 September 2007, the International Monetary Fund's 24 executive directors selected him as the new managing director. Strauss-Kahn replaced Spain's Rodrigo Rato. On 30 September 2007, Dominique Strauss-Kahn was formally named as the new head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The only other nominee was the Czech Josef Tošovský, a late candidate proposed by Russia. Strauss-Kahn said: "I am determined to pursue without delay the reforms needed for the IMF to make financial stability serve the international community, while fostering growth and employment". Under Strauss-Kahn the IMF's pursuit of financial stability included calls for a possible replacement of the dollar as the world's reserve currency. An IMF report from January 2011 called for a stronger role for special drawing rights (SDR) in order to stabilize the global financial system. According to the report, an expanded role for SDRs could help to stabilize the international monetary system. Furthermore, for most countries (except for those using the US dollar as their currency) there would be several advantages in switching the pricing of certain assets, such as oil and gold, from dollars to SDRs. For some commentators, that amounts to a call for a "new world currency that would challenge the dominance of the dollar".
In 2008, the IMF Board appointed an independent investigator following allegations that Strauss-Kahn had had an affair with a subordinate, Piroska Nagy, who was married at the time to economist Mario Blejer. Nagy alleged that Strauss-Kahn had used his position to coerce her into the affair. She was later made redundant, and Strauss-Kahn assisted her in getting a new job. The IMF board issued the findings of the investigation; while noting that the affair was "regrettable and reflected a serious error of judgment on the part of the managing director", the board cleared Strauss-Kahn of harassment, favoritism or abuse of power, and indicated that he would remain in his post. Strauss-Kahn issued a public apology for the affair. Le Journal du Dimanche dubbed him "le grand séducteur" (the Great Seducer).
Strauss-Kahn made comments that could be perceived as critical of global financial actors, in an interview for a documentary about the 2007–2008 financial crisis, Inside Job (2010). He said he had attended a dinner organised by former Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson in which several CEOs of 'the biggest banks in the U.S.' had admitted they (or perhaps bankers in general) were 'too greedy' and bore part of the responsibility for the crisis. They said the government "'should regulate more, because we are too greedy, we can't avoid it.'" Strauss-Kahn said he warned the officials of a number of departments of the U.S. government of an impending crisis. He also said: "At the end of the day, the poorest – as always – pay the most."
Referring to his diplomatic efforts to secure IMF aid for Europe following the 2010 sovereign debt crisis, economist Simon Johnson described Strauss-Kahn as "Metternich with a BlackBerry". In May 2011, referring to the IMF's change of heart in favour of progressive rather than neoliberal values, Joseph Stiglitz wrote that Strauss-Kahn had proved himself to be a "sagacious leader" of the institution. Following Strauss-Kahn's arrest for sexual assault in New York, economist Eswar Prasad said that should he be forced to step down, the IMF "will find it hard to find as effective and skilful an advocate for keeping the institution central to the global monetary system".
John Lipsky, the IMF's second-in-command, was named acting managing director on 15 May 2011.
Strauss-Kahn resigned from the IMF on 18 May 2011, after being arrested by New York police on 15 May over allegations of sexual assault. He was on a plane, about to take off, when airport police asked that the plane be stopped; he was escorted off the plane and interviewed by police. The case was later settled for an undisclosed amount, with the Associated Press and The Atlantic reporting that it was rumoured to be around $6 million.
Timeline
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Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, 2007–2011 (resignation – sexual assault case)
- Governmental functions
- Minister of Industry and Foreign trade, 1991–1993.
- Minister of Economy, Finance and Industry, 1997–1999 (resignation).
- Electoral mandates
- Member of the National Assembly of France for Val d'Oise (8th constituency) : 1988–1991 (he became minister in 1991) / Reelected in 1997, but he became minister / 2001–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). Elected in 1988, reelected in 1997, 2001, 2002, 2007.
- Member of the National Assembly of France for Savoie : 1986–1988.
- Regional Council
- Regional councillor of Ile-de-France, 1998–2001 (resignation).
- Municipal Council
- Mayor of Sarcelles, 1995–1997 (resignation).
- Deputy-mayor of Sarcelles, 1997–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). Reelected in 2001.
- Municipal councillor of Sarcelles, 1989–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007). Reelected in 1995, 2001.
- Agglomeration community Council
- President of the Agglomeration community of Val de France, 2002–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007).
- Member of the Agglomeration community of Val de France, 2002–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director of the IMF in 2007).
Board of Russian Regional Development Bank (2013–)
In July 2013, Strauss-Kahn accepted a position as a board member of the Russian Regional Development Bank: a banking subsidiary of the Russian state oil company Rosneft. Shortly after that he also accepted a similar position at the Russian Direct Investment Fund.
Activities in Ukraine
He was a member of the supervisory board of the bank Kredit Dnipro and involved himself in the bank Arjil, for which he raised advisory assignments to the Serbian Government in 2013 and to the Tunisian Government in 2016.
Adviser to the Serbian Government
On 13 September 2013, it was announced by Serbian Deputy Prime Minister Aleksandar Vučić that Strauss-Kahn would become economic adviser to the Serbian government and that he was expected in Belgrade the following week.
Adviser to South Sudan government
Strauss-Kahn has helped the government of South Sudan to set up the National Credit Bank in May 2013. The bank was owned by the now bankrupt joint venture Leyne, Strauss-Kahn and Partners. But shortly after the bank was established, fighting in South Sudan began and in October 2014 he left the bank.
Investment banking and hedge fund
On 25 September 2013, it was announced that Strauss-Kahn was to join Anatevka, a small investment banking firm based in Luxembourg. The firm was also to change its name to Leyne, Strauss-Kahn and Partners or LSK. His lead partner in the venture is Thierry Leyne. In 2014, LSK announced an effort to launch a $2 billion hedge fund.
Three days after Strauss-Kahn left the National Credit Bank in October 2014, Thierry Leyne committed suicide in Tel Aviv. On 7 November 2014, the company filed for bankruptcy with debts of 100 million €.
France 2 television has investigated Strauss-Kahn (Cash Investigation) and has shown that he has made a profit of several millions dollars after the crash of National Credit Bank.
New York v. Strauss-Kahn sexual assault case
Main article: New York v. Strauss-KahnOn 14 May 2011, Nafissatou Diallo, a 32-year-old maid at the Sofitel New York Hotel, alleged that Strauss-Kahn had sexually assaulted her after she entered his suite.
Strauss-Kahn was indicted on 18 May and granted US$1 million bail, plus a US$5 million bond, after 5 days. He was ordered to remain confined to a New York apartment under guard. A semen sample was found on the maid's shirt, and on 24 May it was reported that DNA tests showed a match to a DNA sample submitted by Strauss-Kahn. He was arraigned on 6 June 2011, and pleaded not guilty. On 30 June 2011, The New York Times reported that the case was on the verge of collapse because of problems with the credibility of the alleged victim, who had, according to sources within the NYPD, repeatedly lied since making her first statement. According to prosecutors, the accuser admitted that she lied to a grand jury about the events surrounding the alleged attack. Diallo said that the translator misunderstood her words. Strauss-Kahn was released from house arrest on 1 July.
After completing a lengthy investigation, prosecutors filed a motion to drop all charges against Strauss-Kahn, stating that they were not convinced of his culpability beyond a reasonable doubt due to serious issues in the complainant's credibility and inconclusive physical evidence, and therefore could not ask a jury to believe in it. The motion was granted by Judge Obus in a hearing on 23 August 2011. In a TV interview in September, Strauss-Kahn admitted that his liaison with Diallo was a moral fault and described it as "inappropriate" but said it did not involve violence, constraint or aggression. He said that Diallo had lied about the encounter and that he had no intention of negotiating with her over a civil suit she had filed against him. Strauss-Kahn later reached a settlement with Diallo for an undisclosed amount over the civil suit.
Aftermath
In the aftermath of the New York arrest, numerous other allegations of sexual misconduct were made. During the case, journalist Tristane Banon came forward with a claim that Strauss-Kahn had attempted to rape her. In September 2011, Banon stated that if there was no criminal prosecution, she would bring a civil case against Strauss-Kahn. According to a report in L'Express, Strauss-Kahn admitted to attempting to kiss Banon. In October, the French public prosecutors dropped the investigation. They stated that there was a lack of evidence regarding the allegation of attempted rape.
A pornographic parody film about the case, titled DXK, starring Roberto Malone as titular character, was crowdfunded and released in 2011. Originally, the lead character's name was announced to be Dominique Sex King, which was later changed to David Sex King.
A feature film directed by Abel Ferrara, Welcome to New York (2014), was based on the Strauss-Kahn story. The film, featuring "Gérard Depardieu as Devereaux, a character modeled on Strauss-Kahn, and Jacqueline Bisset as Simone, likewise based on Anne Sinclair, ... built around the Sofitel scandal and portray both characters in an unforgiving light". Sinclair said the film was "disgusting" and Strauss-Kahn's lawyer said "his client would sue the film's producers for libel".
In 2020 Netflix released the documentary series Room 2806: The Accusation, a reconstruction of the Sofitel-affair and other cases of alleged sexual assault by Strauss-Kahn, based on interviews with persons involved. Strauss-Kahn declined to appear in the documentary.
Acquittal on aggravated pimping charges
In March 2012, Strauss-Kahn came under investigation in France over his alleged involvement in a prostitution ring. The allegations relate to his supposed involvement in hiring prostitutes for sex parties at hotels in Lille, Paris and Washington.
On 2 October 2012, a French prosecutor announced that they would discontinue the investigation of Strauss-Kahn's connection to a possible gang rape in Washington, D.C.
On 26 July 2013, French prosecutors announced that Strauss-Kahn was to stand trial concerning allegations of aggravated pimping at the Carlton hotel in Lille.
Strauss-Kahn was acquitted of these charges on 12 June 2015. His defense characterized the Carlton orgies as "sex between multiple and consensual partners, in a spirit of libertinage".
Works
- Inflation et partage des surplus; le cas des ménages. Cujas, 1975. (with André Babeau and André Masson).
- Économie de la famille et accumulation patrimoniale. Cujas. 1977.
- La Richesse des Français- Epargne, Plus-value/Héritage. (with André Babeau). Paris: PUF, 1977. Collection « L'économiste » ed. Pierre Tabatoni. Enquête sur la fortune des Français.
- Pierre Bérégovoy: une volonté de réforme au service de l'économie 1984–1993. Cheff, 2000. (with Christian Sautter)
- La Flamme et la Cendre, Grasset, 2002, (ISBN 2-01-279122-0)
- Lettre ouverte aux enfants d'Europe, Grasset, 2004, (ISBN 2-246-68251-7)
- Pour l'égalité réelle: Eléments pour un réformisme radical, Note de la Fondation Jean Jaurès, 2004
- DVD pour le Oui à la constitution, 2005
- 365 jours, journal contre le renoncement, Grasset, 2006
See also
References
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'I thank everyone who supported me all over the world,' Diallo says leaving courthouse
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External links
- IMF Official Biography
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Dominique Strauss-Kahn on Charlie Rose
- Dominique Strauss-Kahn collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- Dominique Strauss-Kahn collected news and commentary at The New York Times
National Assembly of France | ||
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Preceded byYves Sautier | Deputy of the National Assembly for Haute-Savoie 1986–1988 |
Succeeded byMichel Meylan |
Political offices | ||
Preceded byRaymond Lamontagne | Mayor of Sarcelles 1995–1997 |
Succeeded byFrançois Pupponi |
Preceded byRoger Fauroux | Minister of Industry and External Trade 1991–1993 |
Succeeded byGérard Longuet |
Preceded byJean Arthuis | Minister of Economy, Finance and Industry 1997–1999 |
Succeeded byChristian Sautter |
Diplomatic posts | ||
Preceded byRodrigo Rato | Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund 2007–2011 |
Succeeded byJohn Lipsky Acting |
Finance ministers of France | |
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House of Valois (1518–1589) |
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House of Bourbon (1589–1792) |
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First Republic (1792–1804) |
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House of Bonaparte (1804–1814) |
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House of Bourbon (1814–1815) |
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House of Bonaparte (1815) |
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House of Bourbon (1815–1830) |
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House of Orléans (1830–1848) |
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Second Republic (1848–1852) |
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House of Bonaparte (1852–1870) | |
Third Republic (1870–1940) |
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Vichy France (1940–1944) |
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Free France (1941–1944) |
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Provisional Government (1944–1946) | |
Fourth Republic (1946–1958) |
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Fifth Republic (1958–present) |
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IMF Managing Directors | |
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- Dominique Strauss-Kahn
- 1949 births
- Alumni of the University of Bristol
- Deputies of the 12th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
- Deputies of the 13th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
- Academic staff of Sciences Po
- French economists
- 20th-century French lawyers
- Finance ministers of France
- French officials of the United Nations
- French people of Tunisian-Jewish descent
- 20th-century French Jews
- HEC Paris alumni
- Jewish French politicians
- Living people
- Managing directors of the International Monetary Fund
- Sciences Po alumni
- Socialist Party (France) politicians
- People from Georgetown (Washington, D.C.)
- People from Neuilly-sur-Seine
- People named in the Panama Papers
- University of Paris alumni
- People named in the Pandora Papers