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{{about|the political party in Turkey|the Polish party|Free and Solidary|the Slovak party|Freedom and Solidarity}}
{{refimprove|date=November 2012}}
{{expand Turkish|topic=gov|Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi|date=December 2015}}
{{About|the political party in Turkey|the Slovak party|Freedom and Solidarity}}
{{Infobox Political Party {{Infobox political party
| name = Left Party
|country = Turkey
| abbreviation = SOL Parti
|party_name = Freedom and Solidarity Party <br> ''Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi''
| logo = File:Sol Parti.svg
|party_logo =
| colorcode = {{party color|Left Party (Turkey)}}
|leader = Alper Taş <small>(co-chair)</small><br />Bilge Seçkin Çetinkaya <small>(co-chair)</small><ref>{{cite news |title=ÖDP’de eş genel başkanlık dönemi başladı |author= |url=http://evrensel.net/news.php?id=30630 |newspaper=Evrensel |date=June 10, 2012 |accessdate=10 June 2012|language=tr}}</ref>
| leader = Önder İşleyen<ref name="YargıtayCB">{{cite web |url=https://www.yargitaycb.gov.tr/icerik/1165|title=Sol Parti |publisher=]|language=tr |access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|foundation = 1996
| ideology = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]
|colorcode = #DC241f
|headquarters = GMK Bulvari No: 87 / 18, Maltepe, ] | headquarters = ], ]
| european = ]
|ideology = ]<br/>]<br/>]<ref name="tüzüğü">{{cite web |title=Tüzük |trans_title=Statutes |url=http://www.odp.org.tr/genel/tuzuk.php |publisher=ÖDP |date=9 April 2006 |accessdate=17 June 2012|language=tr}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|http://solparti.org/|http://solparti.org}}
|position = ]
| country = Turkey
| national = ]
| native_name = Sol Parti
|international = ], ] |
| native_name_lang = Turkish
|seats1_title = ]:
| leader2_title =
|seats1 = {{Infobox political party/seats|0|550|hex=#DC241f}}
| leader2_name =
|seats2_title = ]:
| predecessor =
|seats2 = {{Infobox political party/seats|4|2919|hex=#DC241f}}
| founded = {{start date|1996|21|01|df=y}} (as Freedom and Solidarity Party)<br>December 22, 2019 (rebranding)
|website = http://odp.org.tr |
| newspaper =
| position = ] to ]
| membership_year = 2024
| membership = {{increase}} 5,764<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yargitaycb.gov.tr/icerik/1165|title=Sol Parti|publisher=]|access-date=11 March 2023|df=mdy-all|language=tr}}</ref>
| national = ] (2015–2022) <br> ] (2022–2023)
| flag = ]
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|1|973|hex={{party color|Left Party (Turkey)}}}}
| seats1_title = ]
| seats2_title = ]
| seats2 = {{Composition bar|1|388|hex={{party color|Left Party (Turkey)}}}}
| seats3 = {{Composition bar|5|20952|hex={{party color|Left Party (Turkey)}}}}
| seats3_title = ]
}} }}
The '''Left Party''' ({{langx|tr|Sol Parti}}, often written as '''SOL Parti''') is a ], ] ].<ref name="ÖDP’nin yeni adı Sol Parti oldu">{{Cite news|title=ÖDP'nin yeni adı Sol Parti oldu |url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/gundem/2019/12/22/odpde-yeni-isim-onerisi-sol-parti/ |newspaper=Gazete Duvar |date=22 December 2019 |access-date=6 April 2020}}{{in lang|tr}}</ref> The Party was founded after the Freedom and Solidarity Party ({{langx|tr|Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi – ÖDP}}) decided to change its name to the Left Party at the 8th Extraordinary Congress held in Ankara on December 22, 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Turkey's leftist Freedom and Solidarity Party (ÖDP) renamed Left Party |url=https://www.duvarenglish.com/politics/2019/12/24/turkeys-leftist-freedom-and-solidarity-party-odp-renamed-left-party/ |newspaper=Duvar English |date=24 December 2019 |access-date=6 April 2020}}</ref>
'''Freedom and Solidarity Party''' (] ''Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi (ÖDP)'') is a ] party in ]. The party has had limited electoral success, although it controls a number of town halls and is influential in some unions of public employees. It is one of the few political parties in the world to explicitly espouse the political ideology of ].<ref name="tüzüğü"/>

Although after its foundation the leadership of the Left Party did not completely rule out the legacy of its predecessor (ÖDP), which was more inclined to ] and ] ideologically, the party tends to differentiate itself from the past.<ref name="Alper Taş: Sol Parti'de mütevazı olarak yer alacağım">{{Cite news |title=Alper Taş: Sol Parti'de mütevazı olarak yer alacağım, yeni yüzlerin olması daha iyi |url=https://www.independentturkish.com/node/109276/r%C3%B6portaj/alper-ta%C5%9F-sol-partide-m%C3%BCtevaz%C4%B1-olarak-yer-alaca%C4%9F%C4%B1m-yeni-y%C3%BCzlerin-olmas%C4%B1-daha |newspaper=The Independent Türkçe |date=26 December 2019 |access-date=6 April 2020}}{{in lang|tr}}</ref> It now adheres to the guiding principles of socialist politics (including public ownership, social justice, and equality), embraces the ideas and historical achievements of the ] and ] revolutionary tradition in Turkey (more specifically, the party cadres consist of former militants and sympathizers of radical-left '']'' movement in the 1970s), and included the elements of ] in its manifesto.<ref>{{cite web | title =SOL Parti Manifestosu| url = https://solparti.org/manifesto | access-date = 26 July 2021}}{{in lang|tr}}</ref>

In retrospect, neither the Left Party nor its predecessor ÖDP demonstrated significant electoral success in Turkey. The party has never been able to achieve a vote share of 1%, remaining far below Turkey's 10 percent national election threshold. Thus, it did not have any opportunity to be represented in the parliament as a party. However, the party launched and carried out several political campaigns to build ] in Turkey, often together with other left-wing groups and parties, civil society organizations and trade unions. Also, in different local elections, it had minor achievements in places like ]. Today, the Left Party has no single leader. Instead, it is ruled by the Board of Presidents consisting of four members (including Önder İşleyen , Pelin Bektaş, Çiçek Çatalkaya and İlknur Başer).

The party is a member of the ]<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Parties |url=https://www.european-left.org/our-parties/ |website=Party of European Left |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref> and, up until July 2022, was nationally affiliated with the ]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Özlen |first1=Tunca |title=Birleşik Haziran Hareketi'nin başına ne geldi? |url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/forum/2018/11/28/birlesik-haziran-hareketinin-basina-ne-geldi |website=Gazete Duvar |date=28 November 2018 |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref> when it was announced, in a press conference in Ankara, that the party along with the ], the ] and the ] would form a coalition for the 2023 national election, called the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/siyaset/sosyalist-guc-birligi-yola-cikti-ulkemizin-gelecegine-birlikte-sahip-cikiyoruz-1971875 |title=Sosyalist Güç Birliği yola çıktı: 'Ülkemizin geleceğine birlikte sahip çıkıyoruz' |work=Cumhuriyet |access-date=2022-08-20}}</ref>


==History== ==History==


Founded in 1996 as a merger of several ] groupings. In ], its first major electoral outing, the party polled 0.8% of the vote, falling far behind the 10% threshold required for parliamentary representation. A deep internal crisis followed and by 2001, several of the initial groupings left. In 2002 elections, the party saw its votes further diminished to 0.3% of the national vote. It was founded in 1996 as a merger of several ] groupings. In the ], its first major electoral outing, the party polled 0.8% of the vote, falling far behind the 10% threshold required for parliamentary representation. A deep internal crisis followed and by 2001, several of the initial groupings left. In 2002 elections, the party's share of the national vote fell further to 0.3%.


In the 2004 local elections, the ÖDP gained control of two ]s in ] and ] provinces. In these elections, the ÖDP had joined an electoral coalition with the pro-Kurdish ] and the left Social Democrat SHP (]). At the next 2009 local elections, Mithat Nehir was the sole victorious ÖDP candidate in the entire republic (17,723 votes for the whole country, i.e. 0.04%), and became mayor of the ] ].<ref>, ]</ref><ref>, ]</ref> In the 2004 local elections, the ÖDP gained control of two ]s in ] and ] provinces. In these elections, the ÖDP had joined an electoral coalition with the pro-Kurdish left-wing ] (DEHAP) and the center-left ] (SDHP). At the next 2009 local elections, Mithat Nehir was the sole victorious ÖDP candidate in the entire republic (17,723 votes for the whole country, i.e. 0.04%), and became mayor of the ] ].<ref>, ]</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311025339/http://yerelsecim2009.hurriyet.com.tr/partidetay.aspx?pid=19 |date=2016-03-11 }}, ]</ref>


], who was then the president of the party was elected to the parliament from the independents' ticket, during the ]. The party's formal lists, which hadn't fielded candidates in several key constituencies in support of the left-wing candidates standing on the independents' ticket, polled 0.15% in that poll. ], who was then the president of the party was elected to the parliament from the independents' ticket, during the ]. The party's formal lists, which hadn't fielded candidates in several key constituencies in support of the left-wing candidates standing on the independents' ticket, polled 0.15% in that poll.


In the 6th congress held on June 20, 2009, the delegates elected Alper Taş as the new leader, solely nominated as the chairmanship. Apart from the discussions on some political headlines, Party Assembly consisting of sixty people was also assigned. In this congress, the signals that the party will have a more anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist route were given. In the 6th congress held on June 20, 2009, the delegates elected Alper Taş as the new leader, solely nominated as the chairmanship. Apart from the discussions on some political headlines, Party Assembly consisting of sixty people was also assigned. In this congress, the signals that the party will have a more anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist route were given.


Former chairman Ufuk Uras resigned from ÖDP on June 19, 2009, one day before the congress. During a press conference at Parliament, Uras said, “We are resigning together with the Freedom Left, who have worked in the founding of the party and held various positions at different times in the ÖDP -- from provincial and district branch administration to membership in the party council, central steering and discipline committees -- where we have been struggling since its founding for a historic meeting that overrides the existing structures.” Former chairman ] resigned from ÖDP on June 19, 2009, one day before the congress. During a press conference at Parliament, Uras said, “We are resigning together with the Freedom Left, who have worked in the founding of the party and held various positions at different times in the ÖDP – from provincial and district branch administration to membership in the party council, central steering and discipline committees – where we have been struggling since its founding for a historic meeting that overrides the existing structures.”


In the 8th extraordinary congress on 22 December 2019, the party changed its name to Left Party.<ref>{{cite web |last1=odpadmin |first1=odpadmin |title=Kongremiz toplandı ve ismimiz Değişti: Yeni isim SOL PARTİ {{!}} Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi |url=http://portal.odp.org.tr/kongremiz-toplandi-ve-ismimiz-degisti-yeni-isim-sol-parti/ |access-date=23 December 2019 |language=tr-TR}}</ref>
==Ideology and affiliation==

In its program, ÖDP calls itself as a "carrier of the universal and historical longing" for "an equal, free, exploitation-less and class-less world." It aims to "end the power of the forces of capital and imperialism" and "set up the power of the labor forces", "towards a libertarian, self-rule-based, internationalist, pro-democratic-planning, ecologist, anti-militarist and feminist socialism." The party is member of the ] and since 2007 a full member of the ].


==Tendencies== ==Tendencies==


The prominent grouping within the party is Revolutionary Solidarity (former '']'' (Revolutionary Path) - also known as Dev-Yol) which was formed following the split of Libertarian Socialism Platform in 2007.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gunter|first1=Michael M.|title=Historical Dictionary of the Kurds|date=2010|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Pub. Group|location=Lanham|isbn=0810875071|page=247|edition=2nd ed.}}</ref> Other minor groups are ] (] member), Liberation Movement (joined ] in 2002), Odak that links to ]/Third Way (joined ] in 2002), Socialist Labor Movement. Libertarian Left Platform, the tendency that was supportive of Ufuk Uras left the party with Uras in June 2009. The Libertarian Socialist Platform within the Freedom and Solidarity Party is a successor to the '']'' radical left-wing movement.<ref name="Gunterp83+247">{{cite book|last1=Gunter|first1=Michael M.|title=Historical Dictionary of the Kurds|date=2010|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Pub. Group|location=Lanham|isbn=978-0810875074|page=83 and 247|edition=2nd}}</ref> Other minor groups are ] (] member), Liberation Movement (joined ] in 2002), ''Odak'' that links to ''Direniş Hareketi'' (founded as THKP-C/Third Way and joined ] in 2002), Socialist Labor Movement. Libertarian Left Platform, the tendency that was supportive of Ufuk Uras left the party with Uras in June 2009 and was one of the groups that eventually established the ].


==Election results== ==Election results==
*'''General Elections''' {{see also|Elections in Turkey}}


===General elections===
{| bgcolor="#f7f8ff" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: gray solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;"
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
| '''Year'''
| '''Votes'''
| '''Vote percentage'''
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
|align=center|''']'''
|248,553
|% 0.80
|- |-
! scope="col" | Election
|align=center|''']'''
!Votes
|105,862
! scope="col" | Share
|% 0.34
! scope="col" | Seats
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! scope="col" | Leader
|align=center|''']'''
|52,195
|% 0.15
|- |-
| ]
|248,553|| 0.80% ||{{Composition bar compact|0|600|{{party color|Homeland Party (Turkey, 2021)}}|#d40000|text-shadow=no}}
|rowspan="1"| Ufuk Uras
|-
| ]
|105,862|| 0.47% ||{{Composition bar compact|0|600|{{party color|Homeland Party (Turkey, 2021)}}|#d40000|text-shadow=no}}
|rowspan="1"| Ufuk Uras
|-
| ]
|52,055|| 0.15% ||{{Composition bar compact|0|600|{{party color|Homeland Party (Turkey, 2021)}}|#d40000|text-shadow=no}}
|rowspan="1"| Bekir Kemal Ulusaler
|-
| ]
|76,801|| 0.14% ||{{Composition bar compact|0|600|{{party color|Homeland Party (Turkey, 2021)}}|#d40000|text-shadow=no}}
|rowspan="1"| Önder İşleyen
|} |}


*'''Local Elections''' ===Local elections===


{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| bgcolor="#f7f8ff" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: gray solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
| '''Year'''
| '''Votes'''
| '''Vote percentage'''
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
|align=center|''']'''
|263,814
|% 0.84
|- |-
! scope="col" | Election
|align=center|''']'''
!Votes
|12,026
! scope="col" | Share
|% 0.04
! scope="col" | Number of Municipalities
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! scope="col" | Leader
|align=center|''']'''
|-
|62,909
| ]
|% 0.15
|264,136|| 0.84% ||2
|rowspan="1"| Ufuk Uras
|-
| ]
|12,379|| 0.04% ||2
|rowspan="1"| Hayri Kozanoğlu
|-
| ]
|67,984|| 0.17% ||4
|rowspan="1"| Hayri Kozanoğlu
|-
|]
|59,842
|0.13%
|1
|Alper Taş-Bilge Seçkin Çetinkaya
|-
|]
| colspan="4" |''Did not contest''
|-
|]
|72,124
|0.16%
|2
|Önder İşleyen
|} |}


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</gallery> </gallery>


==Sources== == References ==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
*{{tr icon}} with a short introduction in English. *{{in lang|tr}} with a short introduction in English.
*{{de icon}} *{{in lang|de}}
{{Political parties of Turkey}} {{Turkish political parties}}
{{Party of the European Left}} {{Party of the European Left}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Freedom And Solidarity Party}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Freedom And Solidarity Party}}
]
]
]
] ]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 21:03, 2 December 2024

This article is about the political party in Turkey. For the Polish party, see Free and Solidary. For the Slovak party, see Freedom and Solidarity.
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Political party in Turkey
Left Party Sol Parti
AbbreviationSOL Parti
LeaderÖnder İşleyen
Founded1 September 1996 (1996-21-01) (as Freedom and Solidarity Party)
December 22, 2019 (rebranding)
HeadquartersAnkara, Turkey
Membership (2024)Increase 5,764
IdeologySocialism
Left-wing populism
Anti-capitalism
Secularism
Political positionLeft-wing to far-left
National affiliationUnited June Movement (2015–2022)
Union of Socialist Forces (2022–2023)
European affiliationParty of the European Left
District municipalities1 / 973
Belde Municipalities1 / 388
Municipal Assemblies5 / 20,952
Party flag
Flag of Left Party
Website
http://solparti.org

The Left Party (Turkish: Sol Parti, often written as SOL Parti) is a secular, socialist political party in Turkey. The Party was founded after the Freedom and Solidarity Party (Turkish: Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi – ÖDP) decided to change its name to the Left Party at the 8th Extraordinary Congress held in Ankara on December 22, 2019.

Although after its foundation the leadership of the Left Party did not completely rule out the legacy of its predecessor (ÖDP), which was more inclined to libertarian socialism and political pluralism ideologically, the party tends to differentiate itself from the past. It now adheres to the guiding principles of socialist politics (including public ownership, social justice, and equality), embraces the ideas and historical achievements of the Marxist and left-wing revolutionary tradition in Turkey (more specifically, the party cadres consist of former militants and sympathizers of radical-left Devrimci Yol movement in the 1970s), and included the elements of left-wing populism in its manifesto.

In retrospect, neither the Left Party nor its predecessor ÖDP demonstrated significant electoral success in Turkey. The party has never been able to achieve a vote share of 1%, remaining far below Turkey's 10 percent national election threshold. Thus, it did not have any opportunity to be represented in the parliament as a party. However, the party launched and carried out several political campaigns to build extra-parliamentary opposition in Turkey, often together with other left-wing groups and parties, civil society organizations and trade unions. Also, in different local elections, it had minor achievements in places like Hopa. Today, the Left Party has no single leader. Instead, it is ruled by the Board of Presidents consisting of four members (including Önder İşleyen , Pelin Bektaş, Çiçek Çatalkaya and İlknur Başer).

The party is a member of the Party of the European Left and, up until July 2022, was nationally affiliated with the United June Movement when it was announced, in a press conference in Ankara, that the party along with the Communist Party of Turkey, the Revolutionary Movement and the Communist Movement of Turkey would form a coalition for the 2023 national election, called the Union of Socialist Forces.

History

It was founded in 1996 as a merger of several left-wing groupings. In the 1999 general election, its first major electoral outing, the party polled 0.8% of the vote, falling far behind the 10% threshold required for parliamentary representation. A deep internal crisis followed and by 2001, several of the initial groupings left. In 2002 elections, the party's share of the national vote fell further to 0.3%.

In the 2004 local elections, the ÖDP gained control of two town halls in Artvin and Yozgat provinces. In these elections, the ÖDP had joined an electoral coalition with the pro-Kurdish left-wing Democratic People's Party (Turkey) (DEHAP) and the center-left Social Democratic People's Party (SDHP). At the next 2009 local elections, Mithat Nehir was the sole victorious ÖDP candidate in the entire republic (17,723 votes for the whole country, i.e. 0.04%), and became mayor of the Samandağ district.

Ufuk Uras, who was then the president of the party was elected to the parliament from the independents' ticket, during the 2007 general election. The party's formal lists, which hadn't fielded candidates in several key constituencies in support of the left-wing candidates standing on the independents' ticket, polled 0.15% in that poll.

In the 6th congress held on June 20, 2009, the delegates elected Alper Taş as the new leader, solely nominated as the chairmanship. Apart from the discussions on some political headlines, Party Assembly consisting of sixty people was also assigned. In this congress, the signals that the party will have a more anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist route were given.

Former chairman Ufuk Uras resigned from ÖDP on June 19, 2009, one day before the congress. During a press conference at Parliament, Uras said, “We are resigning together with the Freedom Left, who have worked in the founding of the party and held various positions at different times in the ÖDP – from provincial and district branch administration to membership in the party council, central steering and discipline committees – where we have been struggling since its founding for a historic meeting that overrides the existing structures.”

In the 8th extraordinary congress on 22 December 2019, the party changed its name to Left Party.

Tendencies

The Libertarian Socialist Platform within the Freedom and Solidarity Party is a successor to the Dev Yol radical left-wing movement. Other minor groups are New Way (USFI member), Liberation Movement (joined Socialist Democracy Party in 2002), Odak that links to Direniş Hareketi (founded as THKP-C/Third Way and joined Socialist Democracy Party in 2002), Socialist Labor Movement. Libertarian Left Platform, the tendency that was supportive of Ufuk Uras left the party with Uras in June 2009 and was one of the groups that eventually established the Peoples' Democratic Party.

Election results

See also: Elections in Turkey

General elections

Election Votes Share Seats Leader
1999 248,553 0.80% 0 / 600 Ufuk Uras
2002 105,862 0.47% 0 / 600 Ufuk Uras
2007 52,055 0.15% 0 / 600 Bekir Kemal Ulusaler
2023 76,801 0.14% 0 / 600 Önder İşleyen

Local elections

Election Votes Share Number of Municipalities Leader
1999 264,136 0.84% 2 Ufuk Uras
2004 12,379 0.04% 2 Hayri Kozanoğlu
2009 67,984 0.17% 4 Hayri Kozanoğlu
2014 59,842 0.13% 1 Alper Taş-Bilge Seçkin Çetinkaya
2019 Did not contest
2024 72,124 0.16% 2 Önder İşleyen

Gallery

References

  1. "Sol Parti" (in Turkish). Court of Cassation. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  2. "Sol Parti" (in Turkish). Court of Cassation. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  3. "ÖDP'nin yeni adı Sol Parti oldu". Gazete Duvar. 22 December 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2020.(in Turkish)
  4. "Turkey's leftist Freedom and Solidarity Party (ÖDP) renamed Left Party". Duvar English. 24 December 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  5. "Alper Taş: Sol Parti'de mütevazı olarak yer alacağım, yeni yüzlerin olması daha iyi". The Independent Türkçe. 26 December 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2020.(in Turkish)
  6. "SOL Parti Manifestosu". Retrieved 26 July 2021.(in Turkish)
  7. "Our Parties". Party of European Left. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  8. Özlen, Tunca (28 November 2018). "Birleşik Haziran Hareketi'nin başına ne geldi?". Gazete Duvar. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  9. "Sosyalist Güç Birliği yola çıktı: 'Ülkemizin geleceğine birlikte sahip çıkıyoruz'". Cumhuriyet. Retrieved 2022-08-20.
  10. Results for Samandağ, Hürriyet
  11. National results for the ÖDP Archived 2016-03-11 at the Wayback Machine, Hürriyet
  12. odpadmin, odpadmin. "Kongremiz toplandı ve ismimiz Değişti: Yeni isim SOL PARTİ | Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi" (in Turkish). Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  13. Gunter, Michael M. (2010). Historical Dictionary of the Kurds (2nd ed.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Pub. Group. p. 83 and 247. ISBN 978-0810875074.

External links

Political parties in Turkey Turkey
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Party of the European Left
European Parliament group: The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL
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