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			{{short description\|Supposed supernatural activity at Highgate Cemetery in London in the 1970s.}}
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			The '''Highgate Vampire''' was a ] surrounding reports of supposed ] activity at ] in ], England, United Kingdom, in the 1970s. The most thorough account of the story is given by ] Bill Ellis in the journal ''Folklore'', published in 1993.<ref>Ellis (1993), p.13-39</ref>
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	The Highgate Vampire was a supernatural being that allegedly haunted ] in ].

	==A contemporary vampire report==

	Over the past 36 years, many popular books on ] have mentioned a ] which purportedly haunted Highgate Cemetery in the early 1970s. The growth of its reputation is a fascinating example of modern legend-building, which can be traced through contemporary media reports and subsequent books by two participants, Sean Manchester and David Farrant. The fullest account is given by a folklore scholar, Professor Bill Ellis, in the journal ''Folklore'' <ref>Ellis (1993), p.13-39</ref>. He writes from the viewpoint of sociological legend study; this concerns public perceptions of a (real or purported) event, and how these are shaped into a narrative by processes of rumour, selection, exaggeration, stereotyping etc.

	Other narratives which treat these purported happenings as fact are available in the books and websites of Sean Manchester and David Farrant.

	==Initial publicity==		==Initial publicity==
			On 31 October 1968, a group of young people interested in the ] visited ], at a time when it was being regularly vandalised by intruders.<ref>], ''To Be in England'' (1969), 194-95, and various press reports, cited in Ellis (1993) 19-20</ref> According to a report in the '']'' of 2 November 1968:

			{{blockquote\|These persons arranged flowers taken from graves in circular patterns with arrows of blooms pointing to a new grave, which was uncovered. A coffin was opened and the body inside "disturbed". But their most macabre act was driving an iron stake in form a cross through the lid and into the breast of the corpse.}}
	The publicity was initiated by a group of young people interested in the occult who began roaming the overgrown and dilapidated cemetery in the late 1960s, a time when it was being much vandalised by intruders <ref>R D Altick, ''To Be in England'' (1969), 194-5, and various press reports,cited in Ellis (1993)19-20</ref>.
	On 21 December 1969 one of their members, David Farrant, spent the night there, according to his account written in 1991. In a letter to the ''Hampstead and Highgate Express'' on 6 February 1970, he wrote that when passing the cemetery on 24 December 1969 he had glimpsed "a grey figure", which he considered to be supernatural, and asked if others had seen anything similar. On the 13th, several people replied, describing a variety of ghosts said to haunt the cemetery or the adjoining Swains Lane. These ghosts were descrbed as a tall man in a hat, a spectral cyclist, a woman in white, a face glaring through the bars of a gate, a figure wading into a pond, a pale gliding form, bells ringing, voices calling <ref>''HHE'' 6/2/70, 26; 13/2/70, 25; 20/2/70, 1, 27; 27/2/70, 6. Cited in Ellis (1993)20-21; some also in Farrant (1991)6-8.</ref>.
	Hardly two correspondents gave the same story (a common feature in genuine folk traditions about eerie places).**

			Though the identities and motivations of those responsible were never ascertained, general consensus at the time linked the ] to events surrounding the Highgate Vampire case.<ref>Medway, Gareth ''Lure of the Sinister: The Unnatural History of Satanism,'' New York University Press (1 April 2001)</ref>
	==The vampire theory==

			Then, in a letter to the '']'' on 6 February 1970, David Farrant wrote that when passing ] on 24 December 1969 he had glimpsed "a grey figure", which he considered to be ], and asked if others had seen anything similar. On the 13th, several people replied, describing a variety of ]s said to haunt the cemetery or the adjoining ]. These ghosts were described as a tall man in a hat, a ] cyclist, a woman in white, a face glaring through the bars of a gate, a figure wading into a pond, a pale gliding form, bells ringing, and voices calling.<ref>''Hampstead and Highgate Express,'' 6 February 1970, 26; 13 February 1970, 25; 20 February 1970, 1, 27; 27 February 1970, 6. Cited in Ellis (1993) 20-21; some also in Farrant (1991) 6-8.</ref>
	A second local man, Sean Manchester, was just as keen as Farrant to identify and eliminate what he and Farrant believed was a supernatural entity in the cemetery. He told the ''Hampstead and Highgate Express'' on 27 February 1970 that he had seen the bodies of foxes drained of blood, and so deduced that what the paper called 'a King Vampire from ]' had been brought to England in a coffin in the eighteenth century and buried on the site that later became Highgate Cemetery, and that modern Satanists had roused him. Manchester said the right thing to do would be to stake the vampire's body, or behead and burn it, but regrettably this would nowadays be illegal. The paper headlined this: 'Does a Wampyr walk in Highgate?' The influence of ]'s novel ''Dracula'' and its cinematic offshoots is blatant, but after initial hesitation Farrant agreed that the spectre might well be vampiric, and the label stuck <ref>''HHE'' 27/2/70,1; Manchester (1991) 75; Manchester (1997) 72.</ref>.

			Sean Manchester claimed Farrant's "grey figure" was a ] and the media quickly latched on, embellishing the tale with stories of the vampire being a king of the vampires, or of practising ].<ref name="nationalgeographic1">{{Cite web\|url=https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/10/vampires-europe-new-england-halloween-history/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027134803/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/10/vampires-europe-new-england-halloween-history/\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=27 October 2016\|title=The Bloody Truth About Vampires\|date=26 October 2016\|website=National Geographic News}}</ref>
	Manchester has claimed, however <ref>Manchester (1997), p. 72 </ref>, that the reference to a "king vampire of the undead" was a journalistic embellishment.

	==~~The Mass Vampire Hunt of~~ March 1970==		==March 1970 mob==
			The ensuing publicity was enhanced by a growing rivalry between Farrant and Manchester, each claiming that he could and would expel or destroy the spectre. Manchester declared he would hold an ] on ] of March 1970.<ref>''Hampstead and Highgate Express,''6 March 1970, 1; ''Hampstead and Highgate Express,'' 27 February 1970, 1; Manchester (1991) 69-70, 75; Ellis (1993) 24</ref><ref name="nationalgeographic1"/> ] conducted interviews with Manchester, Farrant, and others who claimed to have seen supernatural figures in the cemetery, which were transmitted early on the evening of the 13th; within two hours a mob of 'hunters' from all over London and beyond swarmed over gates and walls into the locked cemetery, despite police efforts to control them.<ref>Such behaviour exemplifies, in an extreme form, a fondness for ]. ''Hampstead and Highgate Express,'' 13 March 1970, 1; ''The Evening News'' 14 March 1970, 1; Ellis (1993) 24-25.</ref>

			Some months later, on 1 August 1970, the charred and headless remains of a woman's body were found not far from the ].<ref>Ellis, Bill. '''' (University Press of Kentucky, 2000), 215-36.</ref><ref>Melton, J. Gordon. '''' (Detroit, Washington and London, Visible Ink Press, 1994)</ref> The police suspected that it had been used in black magic.{{Citation needed\|date=March 2019}} Farrant was found by police in the churchyard beside the cemetery one night in August, carrying a ] and a wooden stake. He was arrested, but when the case came to court it was dismissed.<ref>''Camden, Highgate and Hampstead Record,'' 21 August 1970, 1; 28 August 1970, 1; 2 October 1970, 1.</ref>
	The ensuing publicity was enhanced by a growing rivalry between Farrant and Manchester, each claiming that he could and would expel or destroy the spectre. Manchester declared to his associates that he would hold an 'official' vampire hunt on Friday 13 March -- such Fridays are always ominous dates in British and American superstition (]), and are frequently chosen for items on occult matters in the media <ref>''HHE''6/3/70, 1; ''HHE'' 27/2/70, 1; Manchester (1991) 69-70, 75; Ellis (1993) 24 </ref>. ITV then set up interviews with both Manchester and Farrant, which were broadcast on ITV early on the evening of the 13th; within two hours a mob of 'hunters' from all over London and beyond swarmed over gates and walls into the locked cemetery, and were with difficulty expelled by police <ref>. Such behaviour exemplifies, in an extreme form, a fobndness for ].''HHE''13/3/70, 1; ''The Evening News'' 14/3/70, 1; Ellis (1993) 24-5.</ref>.

			A few days later Manchester returned to Highgate Cemetery. He claims that this time he and his companions forced open the doors of a family vault (indicated by his psychic helper). He says he lifted the lid off one coffin, believing it to have been mysteriously transferred there from the previous catacomb. He was about to drive a stake through the body it contained when a companion persuaded him to desist. Reluctantly, he shut the coffin, leaving garlic and incense in the vault.<ref>''Hornsey Journal,'' 28 August 1970, 36</ref>
	==Manchester's exorcism claims==

	In later years, Manchester wrote his own account of his doings that night (''The Highgate Vampire'' 1985; 2nd rev. ed. 1991). According to his narrative, he and some companions entered the cemetery, unobserved by the police, via the damaged railings of an adjoining churchyard, and tried to open the door of one particular catacomb to which a psychic sleepwalking girl had previously led him; but try as they might, it would not budge an inch. Failing in this, they climbed down on a rope through an existing hole in its roof, finding empty coffins into which they put garlic, and sprinkling holy water around. <ref> Manchester (1991), 77-8. </ref>.

	Some months later, on 1 August 1970, the charred and headless remains of a woman's body were found not far from the catacomb. The police suspected that it had been used in black magic. Soon after this incident, there was a noticeable surge in both Farrant's and Manchester's activities. Farrant was found by police in the churchyard beside Highgate Cemetery one night in August, carrying a crucifix and a wooden stake. He was arrested, but when the case came to court it was dismissed <ref>''CHHR'' 21/8/70, 1; 28/8/70, 1; 2/10/70, 1.</ref>.

	A few days later Manchester returned to Highgate Cemetery, but in the daytime, when visits are allowed. Again, we must depend on his own published book for an account of his actions, since neither press nor police were present. He claims that this time he and his companions did succeed in forcing open, inch by inch, the heavy and rusty iron doors of a family vault (indicated by his female psychic helper). He lifted the massive lid off one coffin, believing it to have been mysteriously transferred there from the previous catacomb. He was about to drive a stake through the body it contained when a companion persuaded him to desist. Reluctantly, he shut the coffin, put garlic and incense in the vault, and came out from it <ref>''Hornsey Journal'' 28/8/70, 36; Manchester (1991), 84-7.</ref>.

	A later chapter of Manchester's book claims that three years afterwards he discovered a vampiric corpse (he implies that it was the same one) in the cellar of an empty house in the Highgate/Hornsey area, and staked and burnt it <ref>Manchester (1991), 141-5.</ref>.

	Manchester's story is full of melodramatic details mirroring the Dracula mythos -- the sleepwalking girl; a coffined corpse 'gorged and stinking with the life-blood of others', with fangs and burning eyes; his own role as a Van Helsing figure. If he did indeed behave in the way he describes, he was fortunate to have been unobserved. It was a good instance of what folklorists (following termilology established by Linda Degh) now call 'ostension' and ]. This means the real-life imitation of elements from a well-known tale, often involving role-playing, and sometimes leading to ritual acts of vandalism and desecration.*****
	:::(*****)Sean Manchester occasioned no such acts while David Farrant was charged and found guilty of "ritual acts of vandalism and desecration" at Highgate Cemetery for which he was imprisoned in 1974.

	==Aftermath==		==Aftermath==
			There was more publicity about Farrant and Manchester when rumours spread that they would meet in a "magicians' duel" on ] on Friday 13 April 1973, which never occurred.<ref>''The Sunday People,'' 8 April 1973; Ellis (1993) 30-31.</ref> Farrant was jailed in 1974 for damaging memorials and interfering with dead remains in Highgate Cemetery—vandalism and desecration which he insisted had been caused by ], not him.<ref>Press coverage was very extensive, in both local and national papers, see Ellis (1993) 31-33 and the list of press sources in his note 81.</ref>

			Farrant and Manchester wrote and spoke repeatedly about the Highgate Vampire, each stressing his own role to the exclusion of the other.<ref name="Beresford2008">{{cite book\|author=Matthew Beresford\|title=From Demons to Dracula: The Creation of the Modern Vampire Myth\|url=https://archive.org/details/fromdemonstodrac00bere\|url-access=registration\|date=15 December 2008\|publisher=Reaktion Books\|isbn=978-1-86189-742-8\|pages=–}}</ref> Each attempted to control the narrative around the vampire, resulting in ongoing animosity and rivalry between the two. Their feud continued for decades, marked by insults and vindictiveness, until Farrant's death in April 2019.<ref name="V1">{{cite web \|last1=Garcia \|first1=Francisco \|last2=Bethell \|first2=Chris \|title=The Decades-Long Rivalry of London's Two Vampire Hunters \|url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/akwkgj/highgate-vampire-history-sean-manchester \|website=Vice.com \|date=5 February 2020 \|publisher=] \|accessdate=13 February 2020}}</ref>
	There was more publicity about Farrant and Manchester when rumours spread that they would meet in a 'magicians' duel' on Parliament Hill on Friday 13 April 1973, which never came off <ref>''The Sunday People'' 8/4/73; Ellis (1993) 30-1.</ref>; and when Farrant was jailed in 1974 for damaging memorials and interfering with dead remains in Highgate Cemetery -- vandalism and desecration which he insisted had been caused by Satanists, not him <ref>Press coverage was very extensive, in both local and national papers, see Ellis (1993) 31-3 and the list of press sources in his note 81.</ref>. Both episodes kept memories of the Highgate affair vivid. In 1975 Manchester wrote a chapter about it in a book edited by Peter Underwood, a well-known popular writer on ghost lore.****** The Highgate Vampire is now regularly featured in books and internet sites on occult subjects.
	:::(******)Peter Underwood is rather more than a "popular writer." He is a foremost paranormal researcher, author of over fifty books on the supernatural, life member of the Vampire Research Society, and president of the Ghost Club Society (formerly The Ghost Club). He is often consulted by radio and televison programme makers, as is Sean Manchester.

			==In popular culture==
	The feud between Manchester and Farrant remains vigorous to this day; each claims to be a competent exorcist and researcher of the paranormal; each pours scorn on the other's alleged expertise. They continue to investigate supernatural phenomena, and have both written and spoken repeatedly about the Highgate events, in every medium available, each stressing his own role to the exclusion of the other.
			*According to author Bill Ellis, the ] film '']'', starring ] and ], was inspired by the Highgate Vampire.<ref>{{cite journal \| last = Ellis \| first = Bill \| title = The Highgate Cemetery Vampire Hunt \| journal = Folklore \| volume = 104}}</ref>

			*The Highgate Vampire appears as a villain in the ] series '']''. The Highgate Vampire is revealed to be, not a vampire, but an insectoid demon that feeds off its victims' emotional trauma. ] had nearly been killed by the creature in 1972. The Highgate Vampire became a minion of ] when it returned in the 2010s.
	==Source notes==
			*''Il vampiro di Highgate'' (Highgate Vampire) is the title of 45th issue of Italian horror comic book series ''Dampyr''.<ref>, ] official website.</ref>

			*The Highgate Vampire was covered on episode 388 of ].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://directory.libsyn.com/episode/index/show/lpotl/id/11790626\|title=Episode 388: The Vampire Hunters of Highgate Cemetery\|website=directory.libsyn.com\|language=en\|access-date=2019-11-03}}</ref>
	''HHE'' = ''Hampstead and Highgate Express''
			*The 2021 song "Graveyard Sun" by ] is based on the mythical Highgate Vampire.<ref> made by ]</ref>
	''CHHR'' = ''Camden, Highgate and Hampstead Record''

	<references />

	==References==		==References==
			{{Reflist}}

			==Further reading==
	Ellis, Bill. 'The Highgate Cemetery Vampire Hunt', ''Folklore'' 104 (1993), 13-39. This journal can be read online via the JStor site.
			* Barlay, Nick. (10 July 2004) '']'' "Zzzzz London;Z is for...;A-Z;London Life" Section: Features; Page 31.

			* Beresford, Matthew. ''From Demons to Dracula: The Creation of the Modern Vampire Myth'' (London: Reaktion Books, 2008), 175-92.
	Ellis, Bill. ''Raising the Devil: Satanism, New Religions and the Media'' (University Press of Kentucky, 2000), 215-36.
			* Campbell, Ramsey. "The Strange Case of Seán Manchester" in ''Ramsey Campbell, Probably'' (PS Publishing, 2002, {{ISBN\|1-902880-40-4}}). The essay is expanded in the revised edition of the book ({{ISBN\|978-1-848639-11-9}}).

	~~Farrant~~, ~~David~~. ~~''Beyond the~~ Highgate Vampire'' (~~London:~~ ~~British~~ ~~Psychic~~ ~~and~~ ~~Occult~~ ~~Society,~~ ~~1991)~~.		*Ellis, Bill. "The Highgate Cemetery Vampire Hunt", ''Folklore'' 104 (1993), 13-39. This journal can be read online via the JStor site.
			* Ellis, Bill. (1993) '']'' Volume 104; Issue 1/2; Page 13.

	~~Manchester~~, ~~Seán~~. ''~~The~~ Highgate Vampire'' (London: British Occult Society~~, 1985; revised ed., London: Gothic Press~~, 1991).		*Farrant, David. ''Beyond the Highgate Vampire'' (London: British Psychic and Occult Society, 1991).
			*Farrant, David. ''In the Shadow of the Highgate Vampire: An Autobiography Volume 1'' (London: British Psychic and Occult Society, 2011)

			*Farrant, David. ''Out of the Shadows: An Autobiography Volume 2'' (London: British Psychic and Occult Society, 2011)
	Manchester, Sean. ''The Vampire Hunter's Handbook'' (London: Gothic Press, 1997).
			*Manchester, Sean. ''The Highgate Vampire'' (London: British Occult Society Gothic Press, 1985)

	~~Underwood~~, ~~Peter~~. ''~~The~~ ~~Vampire's~~ ~~Bedside~~ ~~Companion~~'' (~~1975;~~ ~~revised~~ ~~ed.~~, ~~1976~~).		*Manchester, Sean. ''From Satan To Christ'' (London: Holy Grail, 1988)
			*Manchester, Sean. ''The Vampire Hunter's Handbook'' (London: Gothic Press, 1997)

			* '']'' (27 April 1988) ''Observer: Missing Manchester'' Page 22.
	==Further Reading==
			* Holly, Donald H Jr; Cordy, Casey E; (Summer 2007) '']'' Volume 120, Number 477, pp. 335–354.

	~~Melton~~, ~~J. Gordon~~. ''The Vampire ~~Book:~~ ~~The Encyclopedia of the Undead~~'' (~~Detroit,~~ ~~Washington~~ ~~and London~~, ~~Visible Ink Press, 1994~~)		*Underwood, Peter. ''The Vampire's Bedside Companion'' (1975; revised ed., 1976).
			* McKay, Sinclair. (6 May 2006) '']'' "The loved ones of London Sinclair McKay is beguiled by an account of how the capital once dealt with its dead" Section: Books; Page 5.

			* Page, Carol, "Blood Lust: Conversations with Real Vampires, (HarperCollins, 1991, Dell, 1992, Warner, ULK, 1993)
	==See also==
			* Simpson, Jacqueline. (1 April 2003) '']'' Volume 114; Issue 1; Page 123.

	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]

	==External links==		==External links==
			* ''The Highgate Vampire'' Archive '']'' film footage and interviews with Sean Manchester.
	*
			* ''David Farrant In Search of the Highgate Vampire'' Archive documentary film produced by David Farrant.
	*

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Latest revision as of 14:03, 25 September 2024

Supposed supernatural activity at Highgate Cemetery in London in the 1970s.

The Highgate Vampire was a media sensation surrounding reports of supposed supernatural activity at Highgate Cemetery in London, England, United Kingdom, in the 1970s. The most thorough account of the story is given by folklorist Bill Ellis in the journal Folklore, published in 1993.

Initial publicity

On 31 October 1968, a group of young people interested in the occult visited Tottenham Park Cemetery, at a time when it was being regularly vandalised by intruders. According to a report in the London Evening News of 2 November 1968:

These persons arranged flowers taken from graves in circular patterns with arrows of blooms pointing to a new grave, which was uncovered. A coffin was opened and the body inside "disturbed". But their most macabre act was driving an iron stake in form a cross through the lid and into the breast of the corpse.

Though the identities and motivations of those responsible were never ascertained, general consensus at the time linked the desecration to events surrounding the Highgate Vampire case.

Then, in a letter to the Hampstead and Highgate Express on 6 February 1970, David Farrant wrote that when passing Highgate Cemetery on 24 December 1969 he had glimpsed "a grey figure", which he considered to be supernatural, and asked if others had seen anything similar. On the 13th, several people replied, describing a variety of ghosts said to haunt the cemetery or the adjoining Swain's Lane. These ghosts were described as a tall man in a hat, a spectral cyclist, a woman in white, a face glaring through the bars of a gate, a figure wading into a pond, a pale gliding form, bells ringing, and voices calling.

Sean Manchester claimed Farrant's "grey figure" was a vampire and the media quickly latched on, embellishing the tale with stories of the vampire being a king of the vampires, or of practising black magic.

March 1970 mob

The ensuing publicity was enhanced by a growing rivalry between Farrant and Manchester, each claiming that he could and would expel or destroy the spectre. Manchester declared he would hold an exorcism on Friday 13 of March 1970. ITV conducted interviews with Manchester, Farrant, and others who claimed to have seen supernatural figures in the cemetery, which were transmitted early on the evening of the 13th; within two hours a mob of 'hunters' from all over London and beyond swarmed over gates and walls into the locked cemetery, despite police efforts to control them.

Some months later, on 1 August 1970, the charred and headless remains of a woman's body were found not far from the catacomb. The police suspected that it had been used in black magic. Farrant was found by police in the churchyard beside the cemetery one night in August, carrying a crucifix and a wooden stake. He was arrested, but when the case came to court it was dismissed.

A few days later Manchester returned to Highgate Cemetery. He claims that this time he and his companions forced open the doors of a family vault (indicated by his psychic helper). He says he lifted the lid off one coffin, believing it to have been mysteriously transferred there from the previous catacomb. He was about to drive a stake through the body it contained when a companion persuaded him to desist. Reluctantly, he shut the coffin, leaving garlic and incense in the vault.

Aftermath

There was more publicity about Farrant and Manchester when rumours spread that they would meet in a "magicians' duel" on Parliament Hill on Friday 13 April 1973, which never occurred. Farrant was jailed in 1974 for damaging memorials and interfering with dead remains in Highgate Cemetery—vandalism and desecration which he insisted had been caused by Satanists, not him.

Farrant and Manchester wrote and spoke repeatedly about the Highgate Vampire, each stressing his own role to the exclusion of the other. Each attempted to control the narrative around the vampire, resulting in ongoing animosity and rivalry between the two. Their feud continued for decades, marked by insults and vindictiveness, until Farrant's death in April 2019.

In popular culture

According to author Bill Ellis, the Hammer Horror film Dracula AD 1972, starring Christopher Lee and Peter Cushing, was inspired by the Highgate Vampire.
The Highgate Vampire appears as a villain in the Dark Horse comics series Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Nine. The Highgate Vampire is revealed to be, not a vampire, but an insectoid demon that feeds off its victims' emotional trauma. Rupert Giles had nearly been killed by the creature in 1972. The Highgate Vampire became a minion of Drusilla when it returned in the 2010s.
Il vampiro di Highgate (Highgate Vampire) is the title of 45th issue of Italian horror comic book series Dampyr.
The Highgate Vampire was covered on episode 388 of The Last Podcast On The Left.
The 2021 song "Graveyard Sun" by Green Lung is based on the mythical Highgate Vampire.

References

Ellis (1993), p.13-39
R. D. Altick, To Be in England (1969), 194-95, and various press reports, cited in Ellis (1993) 19-20
Medway, Gareth Lure of the Sinister: The Unnatural History of Satanism, New York University Press (1 April 2001)
Hampstead and Highgate Express, 6 February 1970, 26; 13 February 1970, 25; 20 February 1970, 1, 27; 27 February 1970, 6. Cited in Ellis (1993) 20-21; some also in Farrant (1991) 6-8.
^ "The Bloody Truth About Vampires". National Geographic News. 26 October 2016. Archived from the original on 27 October 2016.
Hampstead and Highgate Express,6 March 1970, 1; Hampstead and Highgate Express, 27 February 1970, 1; Manchester (1991) 69-70, 75; Ellis (1993) 24
Such behaviour exemplifies, in an extreme form, a fondness for legend tripping. Hampstead and Highgate Express, 13 March 1970, 1; The Evening News 14 March 1970, 1; Ellis (1993) 24-25.
Ellis, Bill. Raising the Devil: Satanism, New Religions and the Media (University Press of Kentucky, 2000), 215-36.
Melton, J. Gordon. The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of the Undead (Detroit, Washington and London, Visible Ink Press, 1994)
Camden, Highgate and Hampstead Record, 21 August 1970, 1; 28 August 1970, 1; 2 October 1970, 1.
Hornsey Journal, 28 August 1970, 36
The Sunday People, 8 April 1973; Ellis (1993) 30-31.
Press coverage was very extensive, in both local and national papers, see Ellis (1993) 31-33 and the list of press sources in his note 81.
Matthew Beresford (15 December 2008). From Demons to Dracula: The Creation of the Modern Vampire Myth. Reaktion Books. pp. 180–. ISBN 978-1-86189-742-8.
Garcia, Francisco; Bethell, Chris (5 February 2020). "The Decades-Long Rivalry of London's Two Vampire Hunters". Vice.com. Vice Media. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
Ellis, Bill. "The Highgate Cemetery Vampire Hunt". Folklore. 104.
Dampyr issue 45, Bonelli official website.
"Episode 388: The Vampire Hunters of Highgate Cemetery". directory.libsyn.com. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
A Facebook post made by the band.

External links

The Highgate Vampire Archive BBC film footage and interviews with Sean Manchester.
David Farrant In Search of the Highgate Vampire Archive documentary film produced by David Farrant.

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