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| In ], '''xin''' can refer to one's "disposition" or "feelings" ({{zh|c=心 |p=xīn}}), or to one's confidence or trust in something or someone ({{zh|c=信 |p=xìn}}). Literally, ''xin'' (心) refers to the physical heart, though it is sometimes translated as "mind" as the ancient Chinese believed the heart was the center of human ]. For this reason, it is also sometimes translated as "heart-mind". It has a connotation of intention, yet can be used to refer to long-term goals.<ref>Shun, Kwong Loi, "Mencius", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2010/entries/mencius/></ref> ], an important early ] thinker, considered ''xin'' (心) to be cultivated during one's life, in contrast to innate qualities of '']'' ({{zh|c=性 |p=xìng}}), or human nature.<ref>Robins, Dan, "Xunzi", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/xunzi/></ref> | |||
| A ] view, specifically from the philosopher ], understands ''xin'' (-?-) as being socialized, with environmental pressures influencing personal intentions, sometimes in such a way that can provoke disagreements and conflict. While a Confucian might take heart that ''xin'' (-?-) may be cultivated in order to develop '']'', or moral virtue, Zhuangzi considered this socialization as detrimental to one's personal nature, somewhat along the lines of the later French philosopher, ]. However, unlike Rousseau, ] and many other ]-era European philosophers following the classical example of ], emotion and reason were not considered separate entities, but rather as coextensive; ''xin'' (-?-, but most likely 心) itself is a concept that is as much cognitive as emotional.<ref>Hansen, Chad, "Taoism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2012/entries/taoism/></ref><ref>Ivanhoe, P.J., & Van Norden, B.W. (Eds.) (2001). Readings in Classical Chinese Philosophy, 2nd Ed. Hackett Publishing Co.: Indianapolis, p. 393</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| *'']'', a related concept | |||
| *], a modern scientific hypothesis linking emotion and reason | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| {{Chinese philosophy}} | |||
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