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| The '''ash hills of ]''' are a series of 65 man-made hills on the shores of ], ]. The hills are artificial mounds of earth consisting of layers of ash and soil. Each hill rises to a height of {{convert|100|ft|m}} or more and covers an area large enough to have formed the foundations of small villages. One hill in particular, named ''Degalah'', is described as "three or four hundred yards long, nearly as broad, and a hundred feet high."<ref name=Heritage/> | |||
| Cole Hill refers to a place where a large pile of ash is piled in a straticulate way and accordingly is like a hill. | |||
| In the West Azerbayjan, especially the shores of theurmia lake were centers for fire-temples, large cole hills remain in place. | |||
| Villagers use the ashes to fertilize the soil.they are using it for many years so that they could make their fields as a fertile ground.thus, some of the mass of ash or cole hills do not have any lasting effect now. | |||
| The ashes are layered and between each layer there could be found soil and occasionally some old objects, especially bowls and jars and glass. | |||
| ==Terminology== | |||
| the term "gol" in Pahlavi form and "gool" in azerbaijani form, in Persian means fire and flame, and Cole in Kurdi means a fire.cole(cool) in Turkish means ash. | |||
| "Gol” hill refers to the time that there has been fire and cole hill refers to the time that there is ash there now. | |||
| Anyway both address fire and have marks of the ancient fire temples. | |||
| ==Cause of creation== | |||
| there are different guesses about the origin of these ash hills in Iran's Azerbaijan. Most scientists believe that this mass of ash is remains of the firewood, which was burning in fire temples and during the centuries leave a hill of ash behind, But because in the large fire-temples elsewhere in the country that are even close to the hill, there is no ash, some researchers do not agree with this theory. | |||
| Another theory is that, perhaps the cause should be sought in the costums of people of the area . The area around the Urmia lake,was the first landing place for Medes and Persian ancestry that worshiped Zarathustra and at the dawn of immigration were still not aware of Zoroastrianism and perhaps still Zoroaster was not in the world. | |||
| It seems like the worshipers of Zarathustra alike their Hindi consanguineouses burnt their dead in a special place and this plenty of ash,is the residue of wood and firewood, which was burn to make a fire to burn the corpse in. | |||
| According to ancient traditions, they put ceramics or metal between ashes for the after-death life of the dead and dumped Soft soil on the ash heap to prepare the place,so they could put firewood on the ground for burning the next corpse. then they gathered Burnt bones and poured them into cylindricals near the fire temples. | |||
| As of today, when the corpse rots in the cellar and is free from meat and skin, bones are shed in the ossuary well. | |||
| The burning of the dead is mentioned in Avesta, and it is considered as a great sin, and it brings that in Vandidad(the Parthian era), the tradition still existed in parts of Iran. | |||
| ==Foot note== | |||
| 1-Farahvashi.Iranwich.page 151 | |||
| 2-Farahvashi.Iranwich.page 153 &154 | |||
| The source of the ashes is not clearly understood, but the mounds are clearly of human making as human artefacts are often found among the ashes.<ref name=Heritage/> The mounds are generally believed to have been from the ashes from ] ]s, accumulated over centuries. However, because other fire temple sites do not exhibit such associated ash hills, some have theorized that these sites might have been associated with ritual ]s,<ref name=Rage/> according special treatment to the ashes of the dead. Burning of the dead is forbidden in the ], the sacred text of Zoroastrianism, but based on writings in the ], occurred in Iran as recently as the ] (CE 224).{{citation needed|date=June 2015}} | |||
| ==references== | |||
| 1-Farahvashi,Bahram,Iranwich,second edition,Tehran:Tehran university,1989 | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist|refs= | |||
| <ref name=Heritage> | |||
| {{cite web | |||
| |url=http://heritageinstitute.com/zoroastrianism/urmia/#ashhills | |||
| |title=The Ash Hills of Urmia | |||
| |work=Zoroastrian Heritage | |||
| |first=K.E.|last=Eduljee | |||
| |accessdate=29 June 2015 | |||
| }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name=Rage> | |||
| {{cite book | |||
| |title=The Rage of Islam: An Account of the Massacres of Christians by the Turks in Persia | |||
| |first=Yonan|last=Shahbaz | |||
| |edition=Reprint | |||
| |year=2006 | |||
| |publisher=Gorgias Press | |||
| |isbn=9781593334116 | |||
| }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| }} | |||
| {{Portalbar|Iran}} | |||
| {{coord missing|West Azerbaijan province}} | |||
| ] | |||
| {{Iran-geo-stub}} | |||
Latest revision as of 16:57, 15 September 2024
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The ash hills of West Azerbaijan Province are a series of 65 man-made hills on the shores of Lake Urmia, Iran. The hills are artificial mounds of earth consisting of layers of ash and soil. Each hill rises to a height of 100 feet (30 m) or more and covers an area large enough to have formed the foundations of small villages. One hill in particular, named Degalah, is described as "three or four hundred yards long, nearly as broad, and a hundred feet high."
The source of the ashes is not clearly understood, but the mounds are clearly of human making as human artefacts are often found among the ashes. The mounds are generally believed to have been from the ashes from Zoroastrian fire temples, accumulated over centuries. However, because other fire temple sites do not exhibit such associated ash hills, some have theorized that these sites might have been associated with ritual funeral pyres, according special treatment to the ashes of the dead. Burning of the dead is forbidden in the Avesta, the sacred text of Zoroastrianism, but based on writings in the Vendidad, occurred in Iran as recently as the Parthian era (CE 224).
References
- ^ Eduljee, K.E. "The Ash Hills of Urmia". Zoroastrian Heritage. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
- Shahbaz, Yonan (2006). The Rage of Islam: An Account of the Massacres of Christians by the Turks in Persia (Reprint ed.). Gorgias Press. ISBN 9781593334116.
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