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{{Infobox settlement
⚫ '''Špania Dolina''' is a village and municipality in central ], near the city of ]. Although its permanent population does not exceed 200 people, a picturesque historic village, situated 728 m above the sea level and surrounded by the ] and ] mountains, became a popular recreation center.
| name = Špania Dolina
| other_name = Úrvölgy
| settlement_type = ]
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline = Spania Dolina 2007 11.jpg
| image_caption = Špania Dolina from Panský Diel
| image_flag = Spania dolina-banska bystrica-flag.svg
| image_shield = Špania Dolina CoA.svg
<!-- location -->
| subdivision_type = ]
| subdivision_name = {{SVK}}
| subdivision_type1 = ]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Banská Bystrica Region}}
| subdivision_type2 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = ]
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| pushpin_map = Slovakia Banská Bystrica Region#Slovakia
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Špania Dolina in the ]##Location of Špania Dolina in ]
| coordinates = {{coord|48.82|N|19.13|E|region:SK|display=inline,title}}
<!-- government -->
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Martina Wilhelmerová
| leader_party =
<!-- established -->
| established_title = First mentioned
| established_date = 1263
<!-- area -->
| area_footnotes = <ref name="area">{{Cite web |url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/sk/VBD_DEM/om7014rr/v_om7014rr_00_00_00_sk |title=Hustota obyvateľstva - obce |language=sk |date=2022-03-31 |website=www.statistics.sk |publisher= Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 12.72
<!-- elevation -->
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="base_info">{{Cite web |url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/sk/VBD_SK_WIN/om5001rr/v_om5001rr_00_00_00_sk |title=Základná charakteristika |language=sk |date=2015-04-17 |website=www.statistics.sk |publisher= Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>
| elevation_m = 711
<!-- population -->
| population_as_of = {{abbr|2021|Population: 2021-12-31. Population density & Total area: 2021-06-30/-07-01. Elevation, Postal code & Area code (last updated): 2015-04-17.}}
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/sk/VBD_DEM/om7101rr/v_om7101rr_00_00_00_sk |title=Počet obyvateľov podľa pohlavia - obce (ročne) |language=sk |date=2022-03-31 |website=www.statistics.sk |publisher= Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>
| population_total = 226
<!-- time zone(s) -->
| timezone1 = ]
| utc_offset1 = +1
| timezone1_DST = ]
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
<!-- postal codes, area code -->
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 974 15<ref name="base_info"/>
| area_code = +421 48<ref name="base_info"/>
| blank_name = ]
| blank_info = BB
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website = {{URL|https://www.spaniadolina.sk/}}
}}
⚫ '''Špania Dolina''' ({{langx|hu|Úrvölgy}}) is a village and municipality in central ], near the city of ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.e-obce.sk/obec/spaniadolina/spania-dolina.html|title=Špania Dolina - Okres Banská Bystrica - E-OBCE.sk|website=www.e-obce.sk|accessdate=Sep 29, 2020}}</ref> Although its permanent population does not exceed 200 people, it is a picturesque historic village situated 728 m above sea level and is surrounded by the ] and ] mountains. It has become a popular tourist recreation centre.


==Name== ==Name==
The ancient ] name is ''Valis Dominorum'' (meaning "Lord’s Valley"). The first part of the ] name ("Špania") is derived from another Latin word for "lord": ''spanatus''. The second part ("Dolina") means "valley" in Slovak. The old German name of the village was Herrengrundt and it has been used for centuries by ] living in the area. The ancient ] name of the village is ''Valis Dominorum'' (meaning "Lord’s Valley"). The first part of the ] name ("Špania") is derived from another Latin word for "lord": ''spanatus''. The second part ("Dolina") means "valley" in Slovak. The old ] name of the village was ''Herrengrundt'' and it has been used for centuries by ] living in the area. The ] name of the village is ''Úrvölgy''.


==History== ==History==
]
⚫ The prehistoric mining tools excavated in the territory of Špania Dolina are dated as early as 2000-1700 BC. ] from Špania Dolina was also identified in bronze artifacts from the Balkans and the Middle East. It indicates that the local mines were part of an extensive network of trade routes during the ]. However, the first written reference to the village itself appeared only in 1254. Abundant deposits of copper and silver were exploited first by miners from Banská Bystrica and since 1494 by one of the first ]s, founded by the affluent ] and ] families. The rich region attracted many foreign visitors. The House of Fugger funded a laboratory of the famous ] ] there. The prominent French thinker ] visited and described the copper mines in Špania Dolina upon the encouragement of ]. The ancient tradition of making ]s lead to the establishment of a bobbin laces craft school in 1883. The copper mines were closed down in 1888 and the economy of the village is now based on tourism.
]
]
⚫ Prehistoric mining tools excavated in the territory of Špania Dolina have been dated from as early as 2000-1700 BC. ] from Špania Dolina has also been identified in bronze artifacts from the Balkans and the Middle East. It indicates that the local mines were part of an extensive network of trade routes during the ]. However, the first written reference to the village itself only appeared in 1254. Abundant deposits of copper and silver were exploited first by miners from Banská Bystrica and after 1494 by one of the first ]s, founded by the affluent ] and ] families.

The rich region attracted many foreign visitors. The House of Fugger funded a laboratory of the famous ] ] there. In 1696, ] gave description of the mine of Herrengrund (Browne used the German name of the settlement), belonged that time to the ], in his book: ''Brief account of some travels in Hungaria, Servia, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Thessaly, Austria, Styria, Carinthia, and Friuli''. He mentions the very rich ore, „in an hundred ponds of Ore they ordinarily find twenty ponds of Copper”.<ref>{{cite book|first= Edward|last= Browne|title= Brief account of some travels in Hungaria, Servia, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Thessaly, Austria, Styria, Carinthia, and Friuli|url=https://archive.org/stream/briefaccountofso00brow_0#page/14/mode/2up|year=1696|pages=106-107|accessdate=2020-08-11}}</ref> Browne sent some ore to the prominent English naturalist, ], these are now in his collection in ], ].<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.epa.hu/00600/00691/00160/pdf/EPA00691_mtud_2017_01_066-070.pdf|last1= Kázmér|first1=Miklós|last2=Papp|first2= Gábor|title= KÁRPÁTI ÁSVÁNYOK EGY TIZENNYOLCADIK SZÁZADI ANGLIAI GYŰJTEMÉNYBEN |journal =Magyar Tudomány|language=Hungarian|date=January 2017|pages=68-69|access-date=2020-08-12}}</ref> The prominent French thinker ] visited and described the copper mines in Špania Dolina upon the encouragement of ].

The ancient tradition of making ] led to the establishment of a bobbin lace craft school in 1883. The copper mines were closed down in 1888 and the economy of the village is now based primarily on tourism.


==Landmarks== ==Landmarks==
Covered stairway leads to a fortified church, built in the ] and ] styles. Wooden miners' houses, now reconstructed, were originally built in the 17th and 18th centuries. The so-called "Knocker" from the 16th century served as a special bell tower for miners. Ancient shafts and other technical monuments are scattered in the nearby forests. Špania Dolina is also a hub of ], ], and ] trails. A covered stairway leads to a fortified church, built in the ] and ] styles. Wooden miners' houses, now reconstructed, were originally built in the 17th and 18th centuries. The so-called "Knocker" from the 16th century served as a special bell tower for calling the miners to work in the morning. Ancient shafts and other technical monuments are scattered in the nearby forests. Špania Dolina is also a hub of ], ], and ] trails.


==External links== ==Demographics==
Špania Dolina has only 192 residents (as of December 31, 2013). According to the 2001 ], 95.3% of inhabitants were ] and 3% ].<ref name="statistics">{{cite web | title = Municipal Statistics | publisher = Statistical Office of the Slovak republic | url = http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html | accessdate = 2007-12-05 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071116010355/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-11-16}}</ref> The religious makeup was 82.8% ] and 10.7% people with no religious affiliation.<ref name="statistics"/>
*

==References==
{{reflist}}


{{Banska Bystrica District}} {{Banska Bystrica District}}


{{authority control}}
⚫ ]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Spania Dolina}}
⚫ ]
]

Latest revision as of 22:15, 18 November 2024

Municipality in Banská Bystrica Region, Slovakia
Špania Dolina Úrvölgy
Municipality
Špania Dolina from Panský DielŠpania Dolina from Panský Diel
Flag of Špania DolinaFlagCoat of arms of Špania DolinaCoat of arms
Špania Dolina is located in Banská Bystrica RegionŠpania DolinaŠpania DolinaLocation of Špania Dolina in the Banská Bystrica RegionShow map of Banská Bystrica RegionŠpania Dolina is located in SlovakiaŠpania DolinaŠpania DolinaLocation of Špania Dolina in SlovakiaShow map of Slovakia
Coordinates: 48°49′N 19°08′E / 48.82°N 19.13°E / 48.82; 19.13
Country Slovakia
Region Banská Bystrica Region
DistrictBanská Bystrica District
First mentioned1263
Government
 • MayorMartina Wilhelmerová
Area
 • Total12.72 km (4.91 sq mi)
Elevation711 m (2,333 ft)
Population
 • Total226
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code974 15
Area code+421 48
Car plateBB
Websitewww.spaniadolina.sk

Špania Dolina (Hungarian: Úrvölgy) is a village and municipality in central Slovakia, near the city of Banská Bystrica. Although its permanent population does not exceed 200 people, it is a picturesque historic village situated 728 m above sea level and is surrounded by the Staré Hory and Veľká Fatra mountains. It has become a popular tourist recreation centre.

Name

The ancient Latin name of the village is Valis Dominorum (meaning "Lord’s Valley"). The first part of the Slovak name ("Špania") is derived from another Latin word for "lord": spanatus. The second part ("Dolina") means "valley" in Slovak. The old German name of the village was Herrengrundt and it has been used for centuries by Carpathian Germans living in the area. The Hungarian name of the village is Úrvölgy.

History

Catholic church and covered stairway leading to it
A minershouse
Bastion, a part of the former defense system around the settlement, built in 1644

Prehistoric mining tools excavated in the territory of Špania Dolina have been dated from as early as 2000-1700 BC. Copper from Špania Dolina has also been identified in bronze artifacts from the Balkans and the Middle East. It indicates that the local mines were part of an extensive network of trade routes during the Bronze Age. However, the first written reference to the village itself only appeared in 1254. Abundant deposits of copper and silver were exploited first by miners from Banská Bystrica and after 1494 by one of the first multinational corporations, founded by the affluent Fugger and Thurzo families.

The rich region attracted many foreign visitors. The House of Fugger funded a laboratory of the famous alchemist Paracelsus there. In 1696, Edward Browne gave description of the mine of Herrengrund (Browne used the German name of the settlement), belonged that time to the Hungarian Kingdom, in his book: Brief account of some travels in Hungaria, Servia, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Thessaly, Austria, Styria, Carinthia, and Friuli. He mentions the very rich ore, „in an hundred ponds of Ore they ordinarily find twenty ponds of Copper”. Browne sent some ore to the prominent English naturalist, John Woodward, these are now in his collection in Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences, Cambridge. The prominent French thinker Montesquieu visited and described the copper mines in Špania Dolina upon the encouragement of Isaac Newton.

The ancient tradition of making bobbin lace led to the establishment of a bobbin lace craft school in 1883. The copper mines were closed down in 1888 and the economy of the village is now based primarily on tourism.

Landmarks

A covered stairway leads to a fortified church, built in the Gothic and Renaissance styles. Wooden miners' houses, now reconstructed, were originally built in the 17th and 18th centuries. The so-called "Knocker" from the 16th century served as a special bell tower for calling the miners to work in the morning. Ancient shafts and other technical monuments are scattered in the nearby forests. Špania Dolina is also a hub of hiking, mountain biking, and cross-country skiing trails.

Demographics

Špania Dolina has only 192 residents (as of December 31, 2013). According to the 2001 census, 95.3% of inhabitants were Slovaks and 3% Czechs. The religious makeup was 82.8% Roman Catholics and 10.7% people with no religious affiliation.

References

  1. "Hustota obyvateľstva - obce [om7014rr_ukaz: Rozloha (Štvorcový meter)]". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  2. ^ "Základná charakteristika". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2015-04-17. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  3. "Počet obyvateľov podľa pohlavia - obce (ročne)". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  4. "Špania Dolina - Okres Banská Bystrica - E-OBCE.sk". www.e-obce.sk. Retrieved Sep 29, 2020.
  5. Browne, Edward (1696). Brief account of some travels in Hungaria, Servia, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Thessaly, Austria, Styria, Carinthia, and Friuli. pp. 106–107. Retrieved 2020-08-11.
  6. Kázmér, Miklós; Papp, Gábor (January 2017). "KÁRPÁTI ÁSVÁNYOK EGY TIZENNYOLCADIK SZÁZADI ANGLIAI GYŰJTEMÉNYBEN" (PDF). Magyar Tudomány (in Hungarian): 68–69. Retrieved 2020-08-12.
  7. ^ "Municipal Statistics". Statistical Office of the Slovak republic. Archived from the original on 2007-11-16. Retrieved 2007-12-05.
Municipalities of Banská Bystrica District
Slovakia
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