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			{{Short description\|Overview of the systematic persecution of Shia Muslims by the Islamic State}}
	The '''persecution of ] Muslims by the ]''' (ISIL) within its region of control in Iraq and Syria increased following its takeover of parts of Northern Iraq in June 2014.
			{{Infobox civilian attack
			\| title = Persecution of Shias by the Islamic State
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			\| location = {{flag\|Afghanistan}}<br/>{{flagicon image\|Flag_of_Iraq.svg}} ]<br/>{{flag\|Kuwait}}<br/>{{flag\|Lebanon}}<br/>{{flag\|Oman}}<ref>{{Cite news \|date=16 July 2024 \|title=IS Takes Credit for Attack in Oman \|url=https://ent.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-Threat-Statements/is-takes-credit-for-attack-in-oman.html \|work=SITE}}</ref><br/>{{flag\|Pakistan}}<br/>{{flag\|Saudi Arabia}}<br/> {{flag\|Syria}}<ref name="US recognition">{{Cite news\|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/17/politics/us-iraq-syria-genocide/index.html\|title=John Kerry: ISIS responsible for genocide\|publisher=CNN\|date=March 17, 2016\|access-date=March 17, 2016\|author1=Elise Labott\|author2=Tal Kopan}}</ref><br/>{{flag\|Yemen}}
			\| target = ]
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			\| date = June 2014 – present
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			\| type = ], ], prison shootings, ], ], ], ]
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			\| victims = <!-- or \| victim = -->
			\| perpetrators = {{flag\|Islamic State\|size=23px}}
			\| susperps = <!-- or \| susperp = -->
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			\| dfens = {{flag\|Iraq}}<br/>{{flag\|Iran}}<br/>{{flag\|Syria}}<br/>{{flag\|Hezbollah}}<br/>{{flag\|Pakistan}}
			\| motive = ]<br>] ]
			}}
			{{Campaignbox War in Iraq (2013–2017)}}

			] have been persecuted by the ] (IS), an ] group, since 2014. Persecutions have taken place in ], ], and other parts of the world.
	Despite being the religious majority in ], Shia Muslims have been killed in large numbers by ISIL.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title = Which groups are under threat by ISIS in Iraq? - CNN.com\|url = http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/08/world/meast/iraq-ethnic-groups-under-threat-isis/index.html\|website = CNN\|accessdate = 2015-12-22}}</ref> By June 2014, ISIL had already claimed to have killed 1700 Shia Muslims.<ref name=":0" /> ISIL, attempting to create a Sunni Muslim caliphate, has labelled all Shia Muslims infidels.<ref name=":0" /> As a result, they have specifically targeted Shia communities.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|title = Isis accused of ethnic cleansing as story of Shia prison massacre emerges\|url = http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/25/isis-ethnic-cleansing-shia-prisoners-iraq-mosul\|website = the Guardian\|accessdate = 2015-12-22\|first = Luke\|last = Harding\|first2 = Fazel Hawramy in\|last2 = Irbil}}</ref> According to witnesses, after the militant group took the city of ], they divided the Sunni prisoners from the Shia prisoners.<ref name=":1"/> Six hundred fifity Shia prisoners were then taken to another location and executed.<ref name=":1" /> Kurdish officials in Ibril have reported similar incidents where Sunni and Shia prisoners were separated and Shia prisoners were killed.<ref name=":1" />

			Despite being the religious majority in Iraq, Shia Muslims have been killed and otherwise persecuted by IS, which is ]. On 12 June 2014, the Islamic State killed 1,700 unarmed Shia ] cadet recruits in the ].<ref name="shiaairforce">{{cite news \|title=Terrifying execution images in Iraq; U.S. Embassy in Baghdad relocates some staff \|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/06/15/world/meast/iraq-photos-isis/ \|publisher=CNN\|access-date=2015-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/19749-iraqi-court-sentences-24-to-death-over-speicher-massacre\|title=Iraqi court sentences 24 to death over Speicher massacre\|work=Middle East Monitor \|access-date=6 August 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150802184916/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/19749-iraqi-court-sentences-24-to-death-over-speicher-massacre\|archive-date=2 August 2015\|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Rudaw">{{cite web\|url=http://rudaw.net/arabic/middleeast/iraq/011120148\|title=احصائية رسمية: 1997 العدد الكلي لمفقودي مجزرتي سبايكر وبادوش\|agency=Rudaw\|access-date=6 August 2015}}</ref> IS has also targeted Shia prisoners.<ref name=":1">{{cite news\|title=Isis accused of ethnic cleansing as story of Shia prison massacre emerges\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/25/isis-ethnic-cleansing-shia-prisoners-iraq-mosul\|newspaper=the Guardian\|access-date=2015-12-22\|first1=Luke\|last1=Harding\|first2=Fazel Hawramy in\|last2=Irbil\|date=25 August 2014}}</ref> According to witnesses, after the militant group took the city of ], they divided the Sunni prisoners from the Shia prisoners.<ref name=":1" /> Up to 670<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-iraq-security-idUKKBN0GP0L220140825\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305203431/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-iraq-security-idUKKBN0GP0L220140825\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=March 5, 2016\|title=U.N. accuses Islamic State of mass killings\|work=Reuters\|date=August 25, 2014}}</ref> Shia prisoners were then taken to another location and executed.<ref name=":1" /> Kurdish officials in ] reported on the incident of Sunni and Shia prisoners being separated and Shia prisoners being killed after the Mosul prison fell to IS.<ref name=":1" />

			IS also targeted ] and ] in northern Iraq on a "historic scale", putting entire communities "at risk of being wiped off the map of Iraq". In a special report released on 2 September 2014, ] described how IS had "systematically targeted non-Sunni Muslim communities, killing or abducting hundreds, possibly thousands, of individuals and forcing more than tens of thousands of Shias, Sunnis, along with other minorities to flee the areas it has captured since 10 June 2014". The most targeted Shia groups in ] were Shia ] and ].<ref name="auto">{{cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29026491 \|date=2 September 2014 \|title=Iraq crisis: Islamic State accused of ethnic cleansing \|publisher=BBC News \|access-date=25 September 2014}}</ref>

			==The fall of Mosul==
			In summer 2014, Shia properties in ] and other IS-held areas were painted with the letter {{angbr\|ر}} (]) for '']h'', a derogatory term for Shias used by Sunni Muslims. Houses and shops owned by Shias were confiscated by IS and given to local IS supporters or ].<ref name="hrw.org">{{cite web\|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/07/19/iraq-isis-abducting-killing-expelling-minorities\|title=Iraq: ISIS Abducting, Killing, Expelling Minorities\|date=19 July 2014\|publisher=Human Rights Watch\|access-date=26 March 2016}}</ref> Thousands of Shia Shabaks and Turkmen fled the cities of Mosul, ], and the rest of ] to safer Shia-majority areas further south.<ref name="auto" />

			==Attacks against Shias in Iraq==
			Thousands of Shias from villages in ] and ] governorates fled to neighbouring villages in Kirkuk after three ] villages were attacked by ISIL and at least 40 civilians including children were killed near the town of ].<ref name="hrw.org"/><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/shiite-villagers-describe-massacre-in-northern-iraq/2014/06/23/278b0fb2-76c8-4796-83f7-840c277e93d8_story.html\|title=Shiite villagers describe 'massacre' in northern Iraq\|author=Abigail Hauslohner\|date=23 June 2014\|newspaper=Washington Post\|access-date=26 March 2016}}</ref>

			==Destruction of Shia shrines and places of worship==
			The Islamic State views Shia Muslims as ] and ]. Therefore, it started ] to destroy all Shia shrines, mosques and places of worship in ] and all IS-held areas. Reports stated that at least 10 Shia shrines and hussiniyas including historical ones in ] and ] were demolished or blown up by IS during this campaign.{{citation needed\|date=March 2020}} On March 26, 2014, IS blew up the ] of the companion of Muhammad, ].<ref>. Reuters. Retrieved 2021-04-13</ref> In July 2016, IS attacked a Shia shrine during the ], killing anywhere from 56 to at least 100 people.

			==Genocide claims==
			On 17 March 2016, United States Secretary of State ] declared that the violence initiated by IS against ] and others in Iraq and Syria amounted to ].<ref name="state.gov">{{cite web\|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2016/03/254782.htm\|title=Remarks on Daesh and Genocide\|publisher=U.S. Department of State\|access-date=26 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="amandaholpuch">{{cite web\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/17/john-kerry-isis-genocide-syria-iraq\|title=John Kerry: Isis is committing genocide in Syria and Iraq\|last=Holpuch\|first=Amanda\|date=17 March 2016\|work=The Guardian\|access-date=26 March 2016}}</ref> He said: <blockquote>"In my judgment, ] is responsible for genocide against groups in areas under its control including ], ] and ]" – John Kerry</blockquote>

			Kerry's statement came the same week the ] voted 383–0 in favor of classifying the atrocities committed by the Islamic State as a genocide against certain ethnic and religious minorities in its territories.<ref name="state.gov"/><ref name="amandaholpuch"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.newsweek.com/isis-genocide-kerry-yazidis-christians-shia-437944\|title=John Kerry says ISIS is committing genocide against religious minorities\|last=Westcott\|first=Lucy\|date=March 17, 2016\|website=Newsweek}}</ref>

			==List of Islamic State attacks on Shias==
			=== Afghanistan ===
			The ] has committed bombing ] in ].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/08/afghanistan-scores-killed-kabul-wedding-blast-190818050258914.html\|title=Afghanistan: Scores killed in Kabul wedding blast\|website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-03-05 \|title=Death toll climbs to 63 in deadly Pakistan IS mosque attack \|url=https://apnews.com/article/islamic-state-group-afghanistan-religion-taliban-peshawar-0e21d148ab4ab25e177f9d53f1ccff23 \|access-date=2022-03-10 \|website=AP NEWS \|language=en}}</ref>
			*On February 24, 2015, 30 Shia men were kidnapped between Kabul and Kandahar<ref>,</ref>
			*On July 24, 2016, a suicide bombing occurred killing 80 Shias and 231 injured in ].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jul/23/hazara-minority-targeted-by-suicide-bombs-at-kabul-protest\|title=Isis claims responsibility for Kabul bomb attack on Hazara protesters\|first=Sune Engel\|last=Rasmussen\|newspaper=The Observer \|date=July 24, 2016\|via=The Guardian}}</ref>
			*On October 11, 2016, in Kart-e Sakhi, Kabul, 14 Shias were killed by a suicide bombing.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-37621502\|title=Kabul shrine attack kills Shia Muslims during Ashura\|work=BBC News \|date=October 11, 2016}}</ref>
			*On November 21, 2016, a suicide bombing occurred killing 32 and injuring over 80 Shias at the Shia Baqir-ul Ulum Mosque, Kabul.<ref></ref>
			*On August 1, 2017, in Jadwadia, Herat, Afghanistan a bombing occurred killing 33 deaths and leaving 66 people injured.
			*On August 25, 2017, in Imam Zaman Shia Mosque, Dasht-e Barchi, Kabul 35 were killed and 65 were injured by a suicide bombing.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/08/25/asia/kabul-bomb-blast-mosque/index.html\|title=ISIS claims suicide attack at mosque in Afghan capital\|first=Ehsan Popalzai, James\|last=Masters\|date=August 25, 2017\|website=CNN}}</ref>
			*On October 20, 2017, in Imam Zaman Shia Mosque, Khair Khana, Kabul 69 were killed and 77 were injured by a suicide bombing.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://dailypost.ng/2017/10/20/30-dead-suicide-bomber-hits-shiite-mosque-prayer/\|title=30 dead as suicide bomber hits Shi'ite mosque during prayer\|first=Ameh Comrade\|last=Godwin\|date=October 20, 2017}}</ref>
			*On December 28, 2017, in Shia Tabayan cultural center, Kabul 42 were killed and 69 were injured by a suicide bombing.<ref>{{Dead link\|date=March 2023 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/12/28/asia/kabul-attack-intl/index.html\|title=ISIS suicide bombing in Kabul kills dozens\|first=Ehsan Popalzai, Euan McKirdy, Angela\|last=Dewan\|date=December 28, 2017\|website=CNN}}</ref>
			*On March 21, 2018, in Kart-e Sakhi, Kabul, 33 were killed and 65 were injured by a suicide bombing.<ref>{{Cite journal\|url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/05/08/no-safe-place/insurgent-attacks-civilians-afghanistan\|title="No Safe Place"\|date=May 8, 2018\|journal=Human Rights Watch}}</ref>
			*On August 18, 2019, a bombing happened at a shia wedding killing 63 and 180 wounded.<ref>], Sharif Hassan, , ''Washington Post'', August 18, 2019</ref>
			*On March 6, 2020, an ISIS gunmen killed 32 and wounded 81 in the Dasht-e-Barchi area during a ceremoney<ref>"{{Dead link\|date=March 2023 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}, KSTP, March 6, 2020, Retrieved April 26, 2022</ref>
			*On May 12, 2020, Shia Hazara's were attacked by bombing Dasht-e-Barchi hospital killing 24 people and injuring an unknown number of people.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.msf.org/international-activity-report-2020/dasht-e-barchi-attack-hazara-mothers\|title=Dasht-e-Barchi: an attack on Hazara mothers \| MSF\|website=Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International}}</ref>
			*On October 25, 2020, a bombing occurred in the Shia Dasht-E-Brachi district killing 30 people and wounding over 70.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-167292\|title=Latest: At Least 30 Killed in Saturday's Blast in Western Kabul\|website=TOLOnews}}</ref>
			*On May 8, 2021, an attack happened at the Dasht-e-Barachi district, near the Shia Sayeed-ul-Shuhada Girls School killing 50 people have wounding more than 100.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/08/asia/kabul-bomb-blast-school-intl/index.html\|title=At least 50 killed and over 100 wounded in blast near Kabul girls' school\|first=Jennifer\|last=Hauser\|date=May 8, 2021\|website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.newarab.com/news/25-killed-blast-near-afghan-school-officials\|title=25 killed in blast near Afghan school: officials\|first=The New Arab Staff &\|last=Agencies\|date=May 8, 2021\|website=www.newarab.com/}}</ref>
			*On October 8, 2021, Shia Muslims were attacked at Sayed Abad Mosque, Kunduz leading to 72 dead and 140 injured.
			*On October 15, 2021, a bombing occurred in the Bibi Fatima Mosque, Kandahar killing 63 Shias and 83 injured.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/10/25/afghanistan-surge-islamic-state-attacks-shia\|title=Afghanistan: Surge in Islamic State Attacks on Shia\|date=October 25, 2021}}</ref>
			*On November 13, 2021, a bombing occurred in a Shia dominated suburb leading 1 death and 4 injured.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/13/afghanistan-deadly-explosion-hits-mainly-shia-suburb-of-kabul\|title=Afghanistan: Deadly explosion hits mainly Shia suburb of Kabul\|website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref>
			*On December 10, 2021, a bombing occurred in the Dasht-e-Barchi district in Kabul leading to two Shias dead and four injured.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/12/10/bomb-blast-kills-two-civilians-on-minibus-in-afghanistans-kabul\|title=Minibus hit by blast in Afghan capital Kabul, 2 killed\|website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref>
			*On April 21, 2022, four bombings occurred all over Afghanistan, one of the bombings was claimed by ISIS. It was the bombing north of Mazar-e-Sharif, at a Shia mosque. 33 have died and 43 have been wounded.<ref>, CTV News, April 22, 2022, Retrieved April 25, 2022</ref>
			*On April 28, 2022, A bombing happened near the Shia shrine, Mazar-i-Sharif killing nine people and wounding 13.<ref>, Aljazeera, April 28, 2022, Retrieved April 29, 2022</ref>
			*On September 30, 2022, A suicide bombing in an educational facility, in "a Shiite area" of the Afghan capital of Kabul, detonating in front of hundreds of teenaged boys and girls killing 53 students, 110 injured.<ref name="FAIZI-2022">{{cite news \|last1=FAIZI \|first1=FAZEL RAHMAN \|date=3 October 2022 \|title=Death toll in last week's Kabul school blast climbs to 52 \|work=AP News \|url=https://apnews.com/article/islamic-state-group-afghanistan-religion-taliban-suicide-bombings-5a50c846bbbabf6f2bfa5e64d72d67c0 \|access-date=6 June 2023}}</ref><ref name="PBS-kabul-2022">{{cite news \|title=Suicide bomber targets Kabul education center, killing 19 \|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/suicide-bomber-targets-kabul-education-center-killing-19 \|access-date=6 June 2023 \|agency=PBS News Hour \|date=30 September 2022}}</ref>
			*On 13 October 2023, a suicide bombing happened in Imam Zaman Mosque, Pul-i-Khumri killing over seven people and wounding 17.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Stanikzai \|first1=Mujeeb Rahman Awrang \|title=Suicide Attack Targets Worshipers in Pol-e-Khomri, Death Toll 7, 17 Injured \|url=https://tolonews.com/index.php/afghanistan-185521 \|website=tolonews.com \|publisher=Tolo News \|access-date=14 October 2023}}</ref>

			=== Iran ===
			*On October 26, 2022, in the city of Shiraz at the Shah Cheragh Shrine, 15 Shia pilgrims were killed (two children within the fifteen killed). IS claimed responsibility.<ref>, Aljazeera,26 Oct 2022, Retrieved February 17th, 2022</ref>

			=== Iraq ===
			*On June 12, 2014, in Tikrit, IS forces targeted Shia and non-Muslims for killings. The death toll led to 1,095 to 1,700 deaths. This event has been labeled as the ] and is considered the second deadliest act of terror. The number of deaths is only exceeded by the death toll of ].<ref> Middle East Monitor. Archived from the original on 2 August 2015. Retrieved April 15, 2022.</ref>
			*On June 16, 2014, near the city of Kirkuk, 40 Shia Turkmen were killed by IS<ref> Washingtonpost, June 23, 2014.Retrieved April 19, 2022</ref><ref>, Human Rights Watch, July 19, 2014.Retrieved April 19, 2022</ref>
			*On August 13, 2015, a large bombing occurred in a food market in ] in a Shia neighborhood; this bombing led to 76 people being killed and 212 wounded.<ref>. Reuters. Retrieved April 15, 2022.</ref>
			*On May 1, 2016, two suicide car bombs in the city of Samawa in a heavily Shia populated area went off, killing 33 Shias and wounding 75.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/twin-bombings-southern-iraq-kill-33-113911468.html\|title=Rare IS group bombings in southern Iraq kill 33\|website=www.yahoo.com}}</ref>
			*On May 2, 2016, IS conducted a bombing in Baghdad, killing 18 Shia pilgrims.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/05/iraqs-unrest/480714/\|title=Iraq's Turmoil\|first=Krishnadev\|last=Calamur\|date=May 2, 2016\|website=The Atlantic}}</ref>
			*On July 3, 2016, IS conducted a car bombing on a Shia neighborhood near the end of Ramadan, wounding over 300; the death toll has been confirmed to be 281.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/7/7/death-toll-from-baghdad-blast-rises-to-more-than-281\|title=Death toll from Baghdad blast rises to more than 281\|publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/baghdad-iraq-bombing-attack-isis-latest-dead-toll-a7116681.html\|title=At least 125 dead in Baghdad bombings as Isis claim responsibility\|date=July 3, 2016\|website=The Independent}}</ref>
			*On July 7, 2016, the Shia shrine of ] was attacked by a bombing, killing 292.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-36742581\|title=Iraq shrine attack: IS kills dozens in Balad\|agency=BBC News \|date=July 8, 2016}}</ref>
			*On July 24, 2016, IS conducted a suicide bombing in ], killing 14 Shias and wounding 31 people.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/7/24/deadly-baghdad-suicide-bombing-targets-shia-area\|title=Deadly Baghdad suicide bombing targets Shia area\|publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref>
			*On July 20, 2021, IS executed a bombing in a Shia neighborhood on the east side of ]; the bombing resulted in 30 people dead and wounding 50.<ref> CNN, July 20, 2021.Retrieved April 16, 2022</ref>
			*On October 27, 2021, in Al-Rashad, Diyala an IS gunman shot nine men in a majority Shia-populated village, leading to sectarian conflict in the area.<ref>, ''Washington Post'', July 20, 2021. Retrieved April 18, 2022</ref>

			=== Kuwait ===
			*On 26 June 2015, IS conducted a bombing on the al-Imam as-Sadiq Mosque during Friday prayer, killing over 25 worshippers and wounding 179.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/kuwait-mosque-explosion-possible-isis-bomb-attack-launched-on-shia-muslims-during-ramadan-friday-prayers-10347740.html\|title=Kuwait mosque bombed during Ramadan Friday prayers just a couple of hours after France attack\|date=June 26, 2015\|website=The Independent}}</ref>

			=== Lebanon ===
			*On June 24, 2014, a bombing occurred in a Shia suburb, wounding 12 people.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-27990202\|title=Beirut suicide car bomb: Lebanon's capital shaken\|agency=BBC News \|date=June 23, 2014}}</ref>
			*On November 12, 2015, A car bombing happened outside of a shia mosque in Beirut, killing over 37 and wounding 181.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34795797\|title=Beirut attacks: Suicide bombers kill dozens in Shia suburb\|agency=BBC News \|date=November 12, 2015}}</ref>
			*In February 2022, An IS attack on multiple different Shia populated attacks was prevented by the ISF.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2022/02/23/Lebanon-thwarts-3-attacks-by-ISIS-linked-militants\|title=Lebanon thwarts three attacks by ISIS-linked militants\|date=February 23, 2022\|publisher=Al Arabiya English}}</ref>

			=== Oman ===
			*On July 15th, 2024 on the day of Ashura an attack happened at the ] killing six shias, and injuring 30 to 50 others.

			=== Pakistan ===
			Islamic State has started to conduct operations in Pakistan.
			*On May 13, 2015, a group of IS-linked gunmen attacked a bus, killing 46 Shia Muslims.<ref>. BBC News. 13 May 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2015.</ref>
			*On January 3, 2021, an IS fighter shot down 11 Shia coal miners.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/1/3/gunmen-kill-at-least-11-from-shia-minority-in-south-west-pakistan\|title=Gunmen kill many Hazara Shia coal miners in southwest Pakistan\|publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref>
			*On March 4, 2022, a bombing occurred in a Shia mosque in Peshawar during Friday prayer, killing 61 Shias and injuring 196.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/04/asia/pakistan-peshawar-blast-intl/index.html\|title=ISIS claims responsibility for blast killing dozens at Shia mosque in Pakistan's Peshawar\|first=Sophia Saifi, Saleem\|last=Mehsud\|date=March 4, 2022\|publisher=CNN}}</ref>

			=== Saudi Arabia ===
			*On May 22, 2015, IS conducted a suicide bombing at the Shia Imam Ali mosque in the village of al-Qadeeh during Friday prayer, killing 21 and injuring 80.<ref>, 22 May 2015, BBC</ref>

			=== Syria ===
			*In February 2015, a bombing occurred near the shrine at a checkpoint, two suicide bombings killed four people and wounded 13.<ref>, 1 Feb 2016, Al Jazeera, Retrieved April 27, 2022</ref>
			*On January 31, 2016, a car bomb and two suicide bombers attacked a district in Damascus near a Shia holy site 60 people died (including 25 Shia fighters) and wounded around 110 people. IS claimed the attack later on.<ref>", NBCnews, Jan. 31, 2016, Retrieved April 27, 2022,</ref><ref>, Reuters, January 31, 2016, Retrieved April 27, 2022</ref>
			*On February 21, 2016, a number of bombings occurred in front of the ], leading to 198 people dying and 178 wounded, including children.<ref>, YahooNews, February 21, 2016, Retrieved April 27, 2022</ref><ref>{{Dead link\|date=March 2023 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes}}, SyriaHR, Feb 23, 2016, Retrieved April 27, 2022</ref>

			=== Yemen ===
			*On March 20, 2015, multiple Shia mosques were bombed in multiple locations in ]; the casualties were 142 dead and 351 wounded.<ref> Al Jazeera. 21 Mar 2015, Retrieved April 13, 2022</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==
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	==References==		==References==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	{{Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}}		{{Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}}
			{{Genocide navbox}}

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Latest revision as of 16:46, 24 December 2024

Overview of the systematic persecution of Shia Muslims by the Islamic State

Persecution of Shias by the Islamic State
Location	Afghanistan Iraq Kuwait Lebanon Oman Pakistan Saudi Arabia Syria Yemen
Date	June 2014 – present
Target	Shia Muslims
Attack type	Religious persecution, mass murder, prison shootings, mass rape, terrorism, ethnic cleansing, genocidal massacre
Perpetrators	Islamic State
Defenders	Iraq Iran Syria Hezbollah Pakistan
Motive	Anti-Shia sentiment Salafi jihadist extremism

v t e War in Iraq (2013–2017)
Battles and operations 1st Anbar 1st Fallujah 1st Northern Iraq 1st Mosul Badush prison Camp Speicher 1st Kirkuk 2nd Northern Iraq Zumar Makhmour 1st Sinjar Mosul Dam Sharfadin Musab bin Umair mosque Suq al-Ghazi Saqlawiyah 1st Hīt Jurf al-Sakhar Salahuddin 1st Baiji Siege of Amirli 1st Tikrit 2nd Baiji 3rd Baiji Dhuluiya 2nd Tikrit 1st Ramadi 2nd Sinjar 2nd Mosul 2nd Kirkuk Al-Karmah 2nd Anbar 2nd Ramadi 2nd Fallujah 2nd Hīt Ar-Rutbah 3rd Fallujah 3rd Sinjar Nineveh Plains offensive Shirqat offensive 3rd Mosul 4th Mosul Mosul airstrike Western Nineveh 3rd Kirkuk Hamam al-Alil 4th Sinjar Turkish Sinjar airstrike Tal Afar Western Anbar Hawija Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 4th Kirkuk Western Iraq Major insurgent attacks 1st Hillah 1st Baghdad Khan Bani Saad 2nd Baghdad Sharaban Ramadi Mosul 3rd Baghdad Miqdadiyah 2nd Hillah Iskandariya 4th Baghdad Samawa 5th Baghdad 1st Balad Taji 6th Baghdad 7th Baghdad 2nd Balad 8th Baghdad 9th Baghdad 3rd Hillah 10th Baghdad 11th Baghdad Tikrit 12th Baghdad Nasiriyah Foreign interventions Iranian-led intervention American-led intervention Inherent Resolve Shader Okra Chammal Impact IS genocide of minorities Christian genocide Yazidi genocide Shia genocide Turkmen genocide IS war crimes Mosul executions Chemical weapons Timeline 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

War in Iraq
(2013–2017)

Battles and operations

Major insurgent attacks

Foreign interventions

Iranian-led intervention
American-led intervention

IS genocide of minorities

IS war crimes

Timeline

Shia Muslims have been persecuted by the Islamic State (IS), an Islamist terrorist group, since 2014. Persecutions have taken place in Iraq, Syria, and other parts of the world.

Despite being the religious majority in Iraq, Shia Muslims have been killed and otherwise persecuted by IS, which is Sunni. On 12 June 2014, the Islamic State killed 1,700 unarmed Shia Iraqi Army cadet recruits in the Camp Speicher massacre. IS has also targeted Shia prisoners. According to witnesses, after the militant group took the city of Mosul, they divided the Sunni prisoners from the Shia prisoners. Up to 670 Shia prisoners were then taken to another location and executed. Kurdish officials in Erbil reported on the incident of Sunni and Shia prisoners being separated and Shia prisoners being killed after the Mosul prison fell to IS.

IS also targeted Christians and Yazidis in northern Iraq on a "historic scale", putting entire communities "at risk of being wiped off the map of Iraq". In a special report released on 2 September 2014, Amnesty International described how IS had "systematically targeted non-Sunni Muslim communities, killing or abducting hundreds, possibly thousands, of individuals and forcing more than tens of thousands of Shias, Sunnis, along with other minorities to flee the areas it has captured since 10 June 2014". The most targeted Shia groups in Nineveh Governorate were Shia Turkmens and Shabaks.

The fall of Mosul

In summer 2014, Shia properties in Mosul and other IS-held areas were painted with the letter ⟨ر⟩ (rā) for Rafidah, a derogatory term for Shias used by Sunni Muslims. Houses and shops owned by Shias were confiscated by IS and given to local IS supporters or IS foreign fighters. Thousands of Shia Shabaks and Turkmen fled the cities of Mosul, Tal Afar, and the rest of Nineveh Governorate to safer Shia-majority areas further south.

Attacks against Shias in Iraq

Thousands of Shias from villages in Salahudin and Kirkuk governorates fled to neighbouring villages in Kirkuk after three Shia villages were attacked by ISIL and at least 40 civilians including children were killed near the town of Bashir.

Destruction of Shia shrines and places of worship

The Islamic State views Shia Muslims as polytheists and heretics. Therefore, it started a campaign to destroy all Shia shrines, mosques and places of worship in Nineveh and all IS-held areas. Reports stated that at least 10 Shia shrines and hussiniyas including historical ones in Mosul and Tal Afar were demolished or blown up by IS during this campaign. On March 26, 2014, IS blew up the Shia shrine of the companion of Muhammad, Uwais al-Qarni. In July 2016, IS attacked a Shia shrine during the Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi Mausoleum attack, killing anywhere from 56 to at least 100 people.

Genocide claims

On 17 March 2016, United States Secretary of State John Kerry declared that the violence initiated by IS against Shia Muslims and others in Iraq and Syria amounted to genocide. He said:

"In my judgment, Daesh is responsible for genocide against groups in areas under its control including Yazidis, Christians and Shia Muslims" – John Kerry

Kerry's statement came the same week the US House voted 383–0 in favor of classifying the atrocities committed by the Islamic State as a genocide against certain ethnic and religious minorities in its territories.

List of Islamic State attacks on Shias

Afghanistan

The Islamic State – Khorasan Province has committed bombing attacks against Hazara Shia civilians in Afghanistan.

On February 24, 2015, 30 Shia men were kidnapped between Kabul and Kandahar
On July 24, 2016, a suicide bombing occurred killing 80 Shias and 231 injured in Kabul during a protest.
On October 11, 2016, in Kart-e Sakhi, Kabul, 14 Shias were killed by a suicide bombing.
On November 21, 2016, a suicide bombing occurred killing 32 and injuring over 80 Shias at the Shia Baqir-ul Ulum Mosque, Kabul.
On August 1, 2017, in Jadwadia, Herat, Afghanistan a bombing occurred killing 33 deaths and leaving 66 people injured.
On August 25, 2017, in Imam Zaman Shia Mosque, Dasht-e Barchi, Kabul 35 were killed and 65 were injured by a suicide bombing.
On October 20, 2017, in Imam Zaman Shia Mosque, Khair Khana, Kabul 69 were killed and 77 were injured by a suicide bombing.
On December 28, 2017, in Shia Tabayan cultural center, Kabul 42 were killed and 69 were injured by a suicide bombing.
On March 21, 2018, in Kart-e Sakhi, Kabul, 33 were killed and 65 were injured by a suicide bombing.
On August 18, 2019, a bombing happened at a shia wedding killing 63 and 180 wounded.
On March 6, 2020, an ISIS gunmen killed 32 and wounded 81 in the Dasht-e-Barchi area during a ceremoney
On May 12, 2020, Shia Hazara's were attacked by bombing Dasht-e-Barchi hospital killing 24 people and injuring an unknown number of people.
On October 25, 2020, a bombing occurred in the Shia Dasht-E-Brachi district killing 30 people and wounding over 70.
On May 8, 2021, an attack happened at the Dasht-e-Barachi district, near the Shia Sayeed-ul-Shuhada Girls School killing 50 people have wounding more than 100.
On October 8, 2021, Shia Muslims were attacked at Sayed Abad Mosque, Kunduz leading to 72 dead and 140 injured.
On October 15, 2021, a bombing occurred in the Bibi Fatima Mosque, Kandahar killing 63 Shias and 83 injured.
On November 13, 2021, a bombing occurred in a Shia dominated suburb leading 1 death and 4 injured.
On December 10, 2021, a bombing occurred in the Dasht-e-Barchi district in Kabul leading to two Shias dead and four injured.
On April 21, 2022, four bombings occurred all over Afghanistan, one of the bombings was claimed by ISIS. It was the bombing north of Mazar-e-Sharif, at a Shia mosque. 33 have died and 43 have been wounded.
On April 28, 2022, A bombing happened near the Shia shrine, Mazar-i-Sharif killing nine people and wounding 13.
On September 30, 2022, A suicide bombing in an educational facility, in "a Shiite area" of the Afghan capital of Kabul, detonating in front of hundreds of teenaged boys and girls killing 53 students, 110 injured.
On 13 October 2023, a suicide bombing happened in Imam Zaman Mosque, Pul-i-Khumri killing over seven people and wounding 17.

Iran

On October 26, 2022, in the city of Shiraz at the Shah Cheragh Shrine, 15 Shia pilgrims were killed (two children within the fifteen killed). IS claimed responsibility.

Iraq

On June 12, 2014, in Tikrit, IS forces targeted Shia and non-Muslims for killings. The death toll led to 1,095 to 1,700 deaths. This event has been labeled as the Camp Speicher massacre and is considered the second deadliest act of terror. The number of deaths is only exceeded by the death toll of 9/11.
On June 16, 2014, near the city of Kirkuk, 40 Shia Turkmen were killed by IS
On August 13, 2015, a large bombing occurred in a food market in Sadr City in a Shia neighborhood; this bombing led to 76 people being killed and 212 wounded.
On May 1, 2016, two suicide car bombs in the city of Samawa in a heavily Shia populated area went off, killing 33 Shias and wounding 75.
On May 2, 2016, IS conducted a bombing in Baghdad, killing 18 Shia pilgrims.
On July 3, 2016, IS conducted a car bombing on a Shia neighborhood near the end of Ramadan, wounding over 300; the death toll has been confirmed to be 281.
On July 7, 2016, the Shia shrine of Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi was attacked by a bombing, killing 292.
On July 24, 2016, IS conducted a suicide bombing in Kadhimiya, killing 14 Shias and wounding 31 people.
On July 20, 2021, IS executed a bombing in a Shia neighborhood on the east side of Baghdad; the bombing resulted in 30 people dead and wounding 50.
On October 27, 2021, in Al-Rashad, Diyala an IS gunman shot nine men in a majority Shia-populated village, leading to sectarian conflict in the area.

Kuwait

On 26 June 2015, IS conducted a bombing on the al-Imam as-Sadiq Mosque during Friday prayer, killing over 25 worshippers and wounding 179.

Lebanon

On June 24, 2014, a bombing occurred in a Shia suburb, wounding 12 people.
On November 12, 2015, A car bombing happened outside of a shia mosque in Beirut, killing over 37 and wounding 181.
In February 2022, An IS attack on multiple different Shia populated attacks was prevented by the ISF.

Oman

On July 15th, 2024 on the day of Ashura an attack happened at the Muscat Mosaque killing six shias, and injuring 30 to 50 others.

Pakistan

Islamic State has started to conduct operations in Pakistan.

On May 13, 2015, a group of IS-linked gunmen attacked a bus, killing 46 Shia Muslims.
On January 3, 2021, an IS fighter shot down 11 Shia coal miners.
On March 4, 2022, a bombing occurred in a Shia mosque in Peshawar during Friday prayer, killing 61 Shias and injuring 196.

Saudi Arabia

On May 22, 2015, IS conducted a suicide bombing at the Shia Imam Ali mosque in the village of al-Qadeeh during Friday prayer, killing 21 and injuring 80.

Syria

In February 2015, a bombing occurred near the shrine at a checkpoint, two suicide bombings killed four people and wounded 13.
On January 31, 2016, a car bomb and two suicide bombers attacked a district in Damascus near a Shia holy site 60 people died (including 25 Shia fighters) and wounded around 110 people. IS claimed the attack later on.
On February 21, 2016, a number of bombings occurred in front of the Syeda Zainab Shirne, leading to 198 people dying and 178 wounded, including children.

Yemen

On March 20, 2015, multiple Shia mosques were bombed in multiple locations in Sanaa; the casualties were 142 dead and 351 wounded.

References

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Islamic State

Names of the Islamic State

Members
(List of leaders)

Current

† Former

History

Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (1999–2004)
Al-Qaeda in Iraq (2004–2006)
Mujahideen Shura Council (2006)
Islamic State of Iraq (2006–2013)
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (2013–2014)
Islamic State (2014–present)

Timeline of events

Groups

International branches

Unorganized cells

Wars

Battles

2013	Akashat Hawija Raqqa Al-Shabah Ras al-Ayn Tell Abyad Latakia Menagh Sidi Ali Ben Aoun Sadad Qalamoun Aleppo Al-Yaarubiyah Tell Hamis and Tell Brak Anbar
2014	Fallujah N Aleppo Markada N Iraq (Jun) Mosul Salahuddin Baiji (Jun) Tikrit N Iraq (Aug) Kobanî Sinjar (Aug) Derna Ramadi Deir ez-Zor Baiji (14–15) Sinjar (Dec) Zumar Amirli
2015	Nofaliya W Africa Egyptian airstrikes in Libya Niger raid E al-Hasakah Tikrit Sirte Hama & Homs (Mar–Apr) Sarrin (Mar–Apr) Yarmouk Qalamoun Palmyra (May) W al-Hasakah Al-Hasakah city Tell Abyad Sarrin (Jun–Jul) Al-Hasakah Kobani Palmyra (Jul–Aug) Ramadi (15–16) Al-Qaryatayn Al-Hawl Homs (Nov–Dec) Sinjar E Aleppo (15–16) Niveneh Plains Tishrin Dam
2016	Deir ez-Zor (Jan) Fallujah (Feb–May) Nangarhar Ben Guerdane Ithriyah-Raqqa (Feb–Mar) Al-Shaddadi Khanasir Al-Qaryatayn (Mar–Apr) Palmyra (Mar) N Aleppo (Mar–Jun) Hīt Tipo-Tipo Sirte Ar-Rutbah N Raqqa Fallujah (May–Jun) Manbij Ithriyah-Raqqa (Jun) Abu Kamal al-Rai (Aug) N al-Bab (Sep) W al-Bab (Sep) Dabiq W al-Bab (Oct–Nov) Al-Bab Aleppo Palmyra
2017	Mosul (16–17) Raqqa (16–17) Palmyra Deir ez-Zor (Jan–Feb) E Aleppo (Jan–Apr) E Homs Hama W Nineveh Tabqa Syrian Desert (Dec 16–Apr 17) Syrian Desert (May–Jul) Maskanah Marawi Raqqa S Raqqa C Syria Tal Afar Deir ez-Zor (17–19) Hawija E Syria (Sep–Dec) NW Syria (Oct 17–Feb 18) Abu Kamal W Iraq
2018	As-Suwayda (Jun) S Syria As-Suwayda (Aug–Nov)
2019	Hajin Baghuz Fawqani Barisha raid
2020	Chinagodrar Danag Mocímboa da Praia Al Bayda
2021	Tessit Palma Sambisa Dangarous
2022	Al-Hasakah Atme raid Andéramboukane Talataye
2023	Falagountou

Attacks

2014	Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting Camp Speicher massacre Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu ramming
2015	Hypercacher kosher supermarket siege Beheading of Copts in Libya Corinthia Hotel Al Qubbah bombings Bardo National Museum Sanaa bombings (Mar) Jalalabad bombing Curtis Culwell Center Qatif & Dammam bombings 26 June Kobanî massacre Saint-Quentin-Fallavier Kuwait mosque bombing Sousse Khan Bani Saad bombing Suruç bombing Baghdad bombing (Aug) Sanaa bombing (Sep) Ankara bombings Saihat shooting Metrojet Flight 9268 Beirut bombings Paris (Nov) Tunis bombing San Bernardino attack Qamishli bombings
2016	Zliten truck bombing Hurghada Istanbul bombing (Jan) Jakarta Ramadi bombing Mahasin mosque Sayyidah Zaynab (Jan) Mosul massacre Homs bombings (Feb) Sayyidah Zaynab bombings (Feb) Baghdad bombings (Feb) Istanbul bombing (Mar) Brussels bombings Aden bombing Iskandariya bombing Baghdad bombing (Apr) Samawa bombing Gaziantep bombing (May) Baghdad bombings (11 May) Real Madrid fan club massacres Baghdad gas plant Yemen police bombings (15 May) Baghdad bombings (17 May) Jableh & Tartous bombings (May) Yemen bombings (23 May) Aktobe shootings Pulse nightclub shooting Magnanville stabbing Mukalla (Jun) Movida Bar Atatürk Airport Dhaka (Jul) Karrada bombing Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi Mausoleum Nice truck Würzburg train Kabul bombing (Jul) Ansbach bombing Normandy church Qamishli bombings (Jul) Charleroi stabbing Shchelkovo Highway police station Aden bombing (Aug) Syria bombings (5 Sep) Baghdad bombings (9 Sep) Baghdad bombings (Oct) Quetta police college Hamam al-Alil massacre Khuzdar bombing Samarinda bombing Hillah bombing (Nov) Aden bombings (Dec) Botroseya bombing Al-Karak Berlin truck Murders of Sefter Taş and Fethi Şahin Baghdad bombings (Dec)
2017	Istanbul nightclub shooting Baghdad bombings (2 Jan) Azaz bombing (Jan) Sehwan bombing Kabul (Mar) Westminster St Petersburg Metro bombing Egypt church bombings Mastung bombing Manchester Arena bombing Jakarta bombings Minya Al-Faqma bombing London Bridge Brighton siege Tehran Pakistan attacks (Jun) Hurghada Quetta bombing (Aug) Barcelona Brussels (Aug) Nasiriyah Afghanistan (20 Oct) New York City truck Sinai mosque Kabul bombing (28 Dec) Saint Menas church
2018	Baghdad bombings Save The Children Jalalabad Kizlyar church shooting Kabul bombing (Mar) Carcasonne & Trèbes Kabul bombing (22 Apr) Kabul bombings (30 Apr) Tripoli Mako Brimob standoff Paris knife Surabaya bombings Liège Jalalabad bombing (Jul) Mastung & Bannu bombings Quetta bombing As-Suwayda Tajikistan attack Kabul (Sep) Ahvaz military parade Minya bus Melbourne stabbing Murders of Louisa Vesterager Jespersen and Maren Ueland
2019	Jolo Cathedral bombings Sri Lanka Easter bombings Sainthamaruthu shootout Kabul bombing (17 Aug)
2020	Kabul shooting (6 Mar) Kabul gurdwara Xitaxi Afghanistan (May) Jalalabad prison Jolo bombings Kabul University Vienna Afghanistan (Dec)
2021	Machh January Baghdad bombings Kabul school bombing Kabul airport Kunduz bombing Kandahar bombing Kampala bombings Kabul hospital
2022	Diyala massacre Peshawar mosque Hadera shooting Mazar-i-Sharif mosque bombing Mazar-i-Sharif minivan bombings Bourasso and Namissiguima Kuje prison break 5 August Kabul bombing August Kabul mosque bombing Bombing of the Russian embassy in Kabul Shah Cheragh Kabul hotel
2023	Kabul airport bombing Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan bombing Al-Sukhnah Hama Khar bombing Arras school stabbing Pul-i-Khumri bombing Brussels shooting Kabul bombing (Nov) Paris Mindanao State University bombing
2024	Kerman bombings Istanbul church shooting Balochistan bombings Sibi bombing Mucojo attack Karabulak clash Kandahar New Kabul Bank bombing Tillabéri attack Crocus City Hall attack 2024 Guzara Attack 2024 Bamyan shooting 2024 Beirut US embassy shooting Rostov-on-Don pre-trial detention center hostage crisis 2024 Dagestan attacks 2024 attack on the Israeli embassy in Belgrade 2024 Muscat mosque shooting 2024 Kabul bus bombing Surovikino penal colony hostage crisis 2024 Solingen stabbing 2024 Qala Bakhtiar bombing 2024 Afghanistan bus shooting

Politics and organization

Relations

Society

Media