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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Mayor of Karachi}} {{Short description|Head of local government of Karachi, Pakistan}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox political post
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
|post = Mayor
{{Infobox official post
|body = ]
|insignia = Logo of Karachi Metropolitan Corporation.png | post = Mayor of Karachi
| body =
|insigniasize = 100px
| native_name = {{nastaliq|ناظم کراچی}}
|insigniacaption =Karachi Metropolitan Corporation
| flag =
|nativename ={{nastaliq|ناظم کراچی}}
| flagsize =
|image =
| flagborder =
|imagesize =
| flagcaption =
|alt =
| imagesize =
|incumbent = ]
| alt =
|incumbentsince = 30 August 2016
| incumbent = ]
|residence = Camp Office ],], ]
| incumbentsince = 15 June 2023
|termlength = Four years
| type =
|predecessor = ]
| status =
|deputy = ]
| department = ]
| website = http://www.kmc.gos.pk/
| style =
| member_of =
| reports_to =
| residence = 'Camp Office' KDA Scheme 1, ]
| seat = ]
| nominator =
| appointer = Karachi Metropolitan Corporation
| appointer_qualified =
| termlength = 4 years
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument = Karachi City Municipal Act
| precursor =
| formation = Nov 1933
| last = Waseen Akhtar
| abolished =
| succession =
| abbreviation =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy = Salman Murad, ]
| salary =
| website = {{URL|http://kmc.gos.pk}}
}} }}


'''Mayor of Karachi''' (]: {{nastaliq|ناظم کراچی}}) is the ] who heads the ] (KMC) which controls the Local Government system of ]. '''Mayor of Karachi''' (]: {{nastaliq|ناظم کراچی}}; {{Langx|sd|{{Naskh|ميئر ڪراچي}}}}) is the executive of the ] and the ] of the city of ] which is the third tier of governance in Pakistan after Federal and provincial governments.


] (KMC) completed in 1932 houses the city counsel hall for seating of general counsel meeting for 367 elected counselors and the offices of the Mayor and Deputy Mayor]]
==Karachi Local Government System==
] completed in 1932 houses the city counsel hall for seating of general counsel meeting for 304 elected counselors and the offices of the Mayor and Deputy Mayor]]


== History ==
The current Karachi Local Government Sysstem follows Sindh Local Government Act 2013 (SLGA 2013)


=== Ancient local government system in South Asia ===
The ] Local Government consists of ] which is subdivided into of 6 District Municipal Corporations (DMCs) which are headed by Chairmen and Deputy Chairmen. the districts or Zila of Karachi Local Government as of Sindh local government act 2013 are ], ], ], ], ] and ].Each district is further divided into Union Committees (UCs) which are headed by Chairmen and vice chairmen. Each Union committee is further sub divided into four wards. The Local government elections directly elect the UC chairmen/vice chairmen panel and the 4 ward members of each UC. the seats are reserved for women, non muslim minorities, youth members and labours in a Union Committee all of which are indirectly elected by the direct election of chairman/vice chairman panel.
The history of Karachi dates back to ancient periods. Before the Christian era, various towns and cities existed near the present day Karachi such as ], ], and ]. Local government system in the Indian subcontinent dates back to ] or earlier. Public drains and sewage system, solid waste management, public dust bins, and street lamps at ] indicate the presence of municipal organizations and services. During the Mauryan empire, a council of thirty commissioners was divided into six committees or boards which governed the city of ] and handled affairs such as fixing wages, controlling manufacturing and supplies, arrangement of foreign dignitaries, tourists and foreigners, handling records and registrations, collection of sales taxes, trade regulation, issuing licenses for weights and measurements, and municipal responsibilities. During ancient times, the Mayor of the city was called Nagarika and in the medieval periods, ]s came to administer major towns and cities. The mayors were appointed by the King rather than being elected. The ] (assembly of five elders) system traced in the Rig Veda back to 1200 BC (Alok 2006).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Narain Singh Kalota|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.172447|title=India As Described By Megasthenes|date=1978}}</ref>


=== British Indian Empire ===
The chairman of a Union committee belongs to the City council/KMC and elects the Mayor/deputy mayor candidate, while the Vice Chairman of Union Committee elects the chairman/Vice chairman of District Municipal corporation (DMC) and works in District municipal corporation office.
The first local government elections in Karachi were held on 1 November 1884 and Karachi municipality was authorized to elect its president.<ref name="Jamal 2019">{{Cite journal|last=Jamal|first=Rashid|date=2019|title=Comparative Analysis of Municipal Powers in Karachi|url=https://journal.psc.edu.pk/index.php/pp/article/view/372|journal=Pakistan Perspective|language=en|volume=24|issue=2|issn=2707-899X}}</ref> ] became the first elected mayor of Karachi in 1933 when Karachi municipal corporation was first created from Karachi municipal committee, he served as the president of the Karachi municipal committee for 20 years prior. Owing to multiethnic composition, the different religious groups took turns as mayors of Karachi such as ], ], ] and ] until the Independence of Pakistan in 1947.


== The City Hall == === Post Independence ===
First unofficial party based mayors were elected during the era of ] and ] politician ] became the first mayor of Karachi with predominant political representation though the mayors remained unauthoritative. During the presidential rule of ], the local governments were reinstated with much better powers and control, which lasted until 2010. Under directives of ] in 2016, the local government system was revived but the provincial amendments to the local government act diminished the mayoral authority which once again became superficial and powerless.


== Administrative divisions ==
The historic and iconic building of ] (KMC) houses the offices of mayor and deputy mayor of the city and the city council Hall with 304 members (Union committee chairmen). The foundation of the building was laid in 1927 and the construction was completed on 1930. the cost of building was 1,725,000 RS.
{{Main|Government of Karachi|Karachi Division}}


The current Karachi Local Government System follows Sindh Local Government Act 2013 (SLGA 2013)
== Official Residence ==
] in ] 'Camp Office' is the official residence for the Deputy Mayor of Karachi<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/116872-KDA-KMC-battle-over-deputy-mayors-official-residence|title=KDA, KMC battle over deputy mayor’s official residence|website=www.geo.tv|access-date=2016-10-05}}</ref>.


The ] Local Government consists of ] which is subdivided into 25 Town Municipal Corporations (TMCs) which are headed by a chairman and a vice chairman. Each town is further divided into union committees (UCs) for a total of 246 union committees in Karachi which are headed by a chairman and a vice chairman as well. Each union committee is further subdivided into four wards. The local government elections directly elect the UC chairman/vice chairman panel and the 4 ward members of each UC. There are reserved seats for women, non-Muslim minorities, youth members, labor and transgenders in a union committee, all of which are indirectly elected by the direct election of chairman/vice chairman panel. There are 121 reserved seats in the city council.
== List of Mayors ==


The chairman of a union committee belongs to the city council (KMC) and elects the mayor/deputy mayor candidate, while the vice chairman of a union committee elects the chairman/vice chairman of the Town Municipal corporation (TMC).
=== Mayors of Karachi (1933 - 1962) ===


246 union committee seats alongside 121 reserved seats make up the city council of 367 seats.
{| class="wikitable"

|+List of Mayors of Karachi<ref></ref>
== The City Hall ==

The historic and iconic building of ] (KMC) houses the offices of mayor and deputy mayor of the city and the city council hall with 367 members (union committee chairmen). The foundation of the building was laid in 1927 and the construction was completed in 1930. The cost of building was 1,725,000 RS.

KDA Scheme 1 in ] 'Camp Office' is the official residence for the Deputy Mayor of Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/116872-KDA-KMC-battle-over-deputy-mayors-official-residence|title=KDA, KMC battle over deputy mayor's official residence|website=www.geo.tv|access-date=2016-10-05}}</ref>

== List of mayors ==
=== Mayors of Karachi (1933–1962) ===
Karachi mayors were elected through ] elections or appointed.
{| class="wikitable"
|+List of mayors of Karachi (1933–1962)
|- |-
!No !No
Line 52: Line 86:
|1 |1


|] |]
| November 1933 | November 1933
| August 1934 | August 1934
|First Mayor of Karachi, 1st ] mayor<ref>{{Cite news|date=6 August 2011|title=In memoriam: Jamshed Nusserwanji: The builder of modern Karachi|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/649943/in-memoriam-jamshed-nusserwanji-the-builder-of-modern-karachi|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|First Mayor of Karachi, 1st ] mayor
|- |-
|2 |2
|Teakum Dass Vadhumull |Teakum Dass Vadhumull
| August 30, 1934 | 30 August 1934
| May 3, 1935 | 3 May 1935
|First ] mayor of the city<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|First ] mayor of the city
|- |-
|3 |3
|Qazi Khuda Buksh | ]
| May 3, 1935 | 3 May 1935
|May 9, 1936 |9 May 1936
|First ] mayor of of the |First ] mayor of the city<ref>{{Cite news|date=25 February 2003|title=KARACHI: Qazi Khuda Bakhsh remembered|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/83673/karachi-qazi-khuda-bakhsh-remembered|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|- |-
|4 |4
|Ardeshir H. Mama |Ardeshir H. Mama
| May 9, 1936 | 9 May 1936
|May 4, 1937 |4 May 1937
|2nd Parsi mayor<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|2nd Parsi mayor
|- |-
|5 |5
|Durgadas Advani |Durgadas Advani
| May 4, 1937 | 4 May 1937
|May 6, 1938 |6 May 1938
|Amil Sindhi business magnate<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|Hindu business magnate
|- |-
|6 |6
|Hatim Ali Alvi |Hatim Ali Alavi
| May 6, 1938 | 6 May 1938
|May 5, 1939 |5 May 1939
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|7 |7
|R.K. Sidhwa |R.K. Sidhwa
| May 5, 1939 | 5 May 1939
|May 7, 1940 |7 May 1940
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|8 |8
|Lalji Malhootra |Lalji Malhootra
| May 7, 1940 | 7 May 1940
|May 6, 1941 |6 May 1941
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|9 |9
|] |]
| May 6, 1941 | 6 May 1941
|May 8, 1942 |8 May 1942
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|10 |10
|Soharab K.H. Katrak |Soharab K.H. Katrak
| May 8, 1942 | 8 May 1942
|May 11, 1943 |11 May 1943
|Parsi historian and author<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|Parsi historian and author
|- |-
|11 |11
|Shambo Nath Molraaj |Shambo Nath Molraaj
| May 11, 1943 | 11 May 1943
|May 10, 1944 |10 May 1944
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|12 |12
|] |]
| May 10, 1944 | 10 May 1944
|May 8, 1945 |8 May 1945
|son of ] |son of ]<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|- |-
|13 |13
|] |]
| May 8, 1945 | 8 May 1945
|May 1, 1946 |1 May 1946
|First ] mayor of Karachi, ] |First ] mayor of Karachi, former president of ]<ref>{{Cite news|date=25 October 2014|title=Karachi's forgotten communities|work=The Nation (newspaper)|url=http://nation.com.pk/columns/25-Oct-2014/karachi-s-forgotten-communities|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|- |-
|14 |14
|Wishram Das Dewan Das |Wishram Das Dewan Das
| May 9, 1946 | 9 May 1946
|May 9, 1947 |9 May 1947
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|15 |15
|Hakeem Muhammad Ahsan |Hakeem Muhammad Ahsan
| May 9, 1947 | 9 May 1947
|May 25, 1948 |25 May 1948
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2004|title='Karachi under the Raj 1843–1947'|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072949}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|16 |16
|] |]
|(May 25, 1948 | 25 May 1948
|July 8, 1948 |8 July 1948
|1st post- independence mayor of the city, Biographer of ] |1st post- independence mayor of the city, Biographer of ]<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=5 December 2015|title=Over 24 mayors served Karachi since 1933|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/79760-over-24-mayors-served-karachi-since-1933|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|- |-
|17 |17
|] '''''(1st term)''''' |] '''''(1st term)'''''
| Apr 1951 | Apr 1951
|January 10, 1953 |10 January 1953
|Grandfather of politician ]<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=5 December 2015|title=Over 24 mayors served Karachi since 1933|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/79760-over-24-mayors-served-karachi-since-1933|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|Gradfather of politician ]
|- |-
|18 |18
|H.M. Habibullah Paracha |H.M. Habibullah Paracha (first term)
| 1953 | 1953
| 1954
| colspan="1" |
|Grandfather of Habib Paracha (an ] ]<ref>{{Cite news|date=6 February 2020|title=American-Pakistani filmmaker Habib Paracha returns with The Last Full Measure|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/magazine/instep-today/609789-american-pakistani-filmmaker-habib-paracha-returns-with-the-last-full-measure|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>)<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 August 2015|title=Book on former Karachi mayor Habibullah Paracha launched|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1203860|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|19 |19
|] |]
| January 19, 1954 | 19 January 1954
|May 26, 1955 |26 May 1955
|Founder Editor of ] and second son of ]<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=5 December 2015|title=Over 24 mayors served Karachi since 1933|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/79760-over-24-mayors-served-karachi-since-1933|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|Founder Editor of ]
|- |-
|20 |20
|Al-Haj Malik Bagh Ali |Al-Haj Malik Bagh Ali
| May 26, 1955 | 26 May 1955
|May 29, 1956 |29 May 1956
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=5 December 2015|title=Over 24 mayors served Karachi since 1933|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/79760-over-24-mayors-served-karachi-since-1933|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|21 |21
|Siddique Wahab |Siddique Wahab
| May 30, 1956 | 30 May 1956
|December 14, 1956 |14 December 1956
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=5 December 2015|title=Over 24 mayors served Karachi since 1933|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/79760-over-24-mayors-served-karachi-since-1933|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|22 |22
|S.M.Taufiq |S.M.Taufiq
| 1958 | 14 June 1958
|14 October 1958
| rowspan="1" |
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=5 December 2015|title=Over 24 mayors served Karachi since 1933|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/79760-over-24-mayors-served-karachi-since-1933|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|
|- |-
|23 |23
|] '''''(2nd term)''''' |] '''''(2nd term)'''''
| May 1961 | May 1961
|October 1962 |October 1962
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=5 December 2015|title=Over 24 mayors served Karachi since 1933|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/79760-over-24-mayors-served-karachi-since-1933|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |'''Administrator system (1962–1979)'''
|} |}


=== Mayors of Karachi (1979 - present) === === Mayors of Karachi (1979 – present) ===


Former President of Pakistan Zia ul Haq conducted first popular local government elections in 1979 which were non party based but the parties still fielded their candidates. The victorious mayor Abdul Sattar Afghani was affiliated with Jamaat-e-Islami.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2005 Pakistan final report local elections commonwealth aceproject.org|url=http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/PK/pakistan-final-report-local-elections-commonwealth/at_download/file}}</ref>
'''''1979 - 2005:'''''Though the LBEs were, by law, held on a non-party basis, in reality the
political parties were at the heart of the process. Political parties were
openly supporting candidates, and the media was extensively reporting
party involvement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/PK/pakistan-final-report-local-elections-commonwealth/at_download/file|title=2005 Pakistan final report local elections commonwealth aceproject.org|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable"
'''''2016 elections:''''' were party based officially.
|+List of mayors of Karachi (since 1979)

<div style="text-align:center; width:65em; margin:1em 3em;">
'''Party Legend'''
<div style="-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3; column-count:3; text-align:left; border:1px solid gray; padding:0.2em;">
{{legend|#E9D66B|]}}
{{legend|#ACE5EE|]}}
</div>
</div>

{| class="wikitable"
|+List of Mayors of Karachi
|- |-
!# !No
!Party Flag
!Name of nazim !Name of nazim
!Deputy Mayor (Naib Nazim)
!Starting term !Starting term
!Ending term !Ending term
! colspan="2" |Party
!Deputy Mayor
!Notes !Notes
|- |-
|24
|bgcolor="#ACE5EE"|'''24'''
|]
|] ''(1st term)'' |] ''(1st term)''
|Umer Yousuf
|November 9, 1979
Deda
|November 7, 1983
|9 November 1979
|
|7 November 1983
|non-partisan Local govt by ]
| bgcolor="#0080ff" |
|]
|Non-partisan Local govt by Gen. ], ] established its subsidiary body the ] in 1983.<ref>{{Cite news|date=5 November 2006|title=Sattar Afghani passes away|work=Business Recorder (newspaper)|url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/3334092|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|- |-
|25
|bgcolor="#ACE5EE"|'''25'''
|]]]
|] ''(2nd term)'' |] ''(2nd term)''
|]
|November 7, 1983
|7 November 1983
|February 12, 1987
|14 February 1987
|
| bgcolor="#0080ff" |
|
|]
|Abdul Sattar Afghani was arrested by police under section 144 when he was leading the councilor's procession outside the ] building.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|date=5 November 2006|title=KARACHI: Abdus Sattar Afghani passes away|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/217585/karachi-abdus-sattar-afghani-passes-away|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> The elected council was then suspended<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|date=5 November 2006|title=KARACHI: Abdus Sattar Afghani passes away|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/217585/karachi-abdus-sattar-afghani-passes-away|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> and Saeed Ahmed Siddiqui was appointed as the administrator of KMC.
|- |-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;" |Administrator System implemented from 1987–1988
|bgcolor="#E9D66B"|'''26'''
|-
|]
|26
|] |]
|Abdul Razik
|January 9, 1988
Khan<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|date=17 April 2019|title=1979-2019: Who all controlled Karachi?|work=SAMAA TV|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/local/2019/04/1979-2019-who-all-controlled-karachi/|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|July 27, 1992
|9 January 1988
|Abdul Razik Khan
|27 July 1992
|Youngest Mayor of the world at the age of
| bgcolor="#ffc90e" |
|-
|]
| colspan="7" style="border: 1px solid black;" |<center>Administrator System was implemented during 1992 - 2001</center>
|Youngest Mayor of the world at the age of 28.<ref>{{Cite news|date=17 July 2011|title=From KU to UK: For an Urdu-speaking leader, an English biography opens his message to the world|work=The Express Tribune (newspaper)|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/211327/from-ku-to-uk-for-an-urdu-speaking-leader-an-english-biography-opens-his-message-to-the-world|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> The elected council of KMC was suspended in July 1992, just after a month when an ] was launched by the federal government in Karachi in June 1992, and replaced the Mayor with an administrator, appointed by the government.
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;" |Administrator System implemented from 1992–2001<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|date=17 April 2019|title=1979-2019: Who all controlled Karachi?|work=SAMAA TV|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/local/2019/04/1979-2019-who-all-controlled-karachi/|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|- |-
|27
|bgcolor="#ACE5EE"|'''27'''
|]
|] |]
|Muhammad Tariq Hassan<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|date=17 April 2019|title=1979-2019: Who all controlled Karachi?|work=SAMAA TV|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/local/2019/04/1979-2019-who-all-controlled-karachi/|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|August 14, 2001
|14 August 2001
|May 2005
|June 2005
|Tariq Hasan
| bgcolor="#0080ff" |
|non-partisan City District govt 2000-2010 by ], Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO) 2001
|]
|Non-partisan ] 2001–2010 by ], under Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO) 2001.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|date=17 April 2019|title=1979-2019: Who all controlled Karachi?|work=SAMAA TV|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/local/2019/04/1979-2019-who-all-controlled-karachi/|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> He resigned from his office in June 2005.
|- |-
|28
|bgcolor="#E9D66B"|'''28'''
|]
|] |]
|]
|October 17, 2005
|17 October 2005
|February 2010 |February 2010
| bgcolor="#ffc90e" |
|]
|]
|
|<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 October 2005|title=KARACHI: Mustafa vows to help solve city's major problems: City government nazims, councillors administered oath|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/161636/karachi-mustafa-vows-to-help-solve-city-s-major-problems-city-government-nazims-councillors-administered-oath/_print|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=4 January 2006|title=KARACHI: Nasreen sworn in as naib nazim|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/172776/karachi-nasreen-sworn-in-as-naib-nazim|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|- |-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;" |Commissioner System implemented from 2010–2016<ref>{{Cite news|date=10 July 2011|title=Commissionerate system restored in Sindh|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/642847/commissionerate-system-restored-in-sindh|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
| colspan="7" style="border: 1px solid black;" |<center>Commissioner System was implemented during 2010 - 2016</center>
|- |-
|bgcolor="#E9D66B"|'''29''' | rowspan="2" |29
| rowspan="2" |]
|]
|] |]
|August 30, 2016 | rowspan="2" |30 August 2016
| rowspan="2" |29 August 2020
|incumbent
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffc90e" |
|]
| rowspan="2" |]
|First party based Local elections of Pakistan, Sindh Local Govt Act (SLGA 2013)
| rowspan="2" |First party based Local elections of Pakistan, under Sindh Local Govt Act (SLGA 2013). Arshad Vohra served as acting mayor Aug, 30 2016 to Nov, 16 2016 before release of Waseem Akhtar.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2 September 2016|title=Deputy to exercise powers till mayor remains in jail|work=The News International (newspaper)|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/147082-Deputy-to-exercise-powers-till-mayor-remains-in-jail|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> Vohra was removed when he joined ] in 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|date=13 March 2019|title=ECP disqualifies Karachi Deputy Mayor Arshad Vohra|work=The Express Tribune (newspaper)|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1928468/ecp-disqualifies-karachi-deputy-mayor-arshad-vohra|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|}

== Types of Governments ==

=== Karachi City Municipal Act (1933 - 1976) ===
The City of Karachi Municipal Act was promulgated in 1933. Initially the Municipal Corporation comprised the mayor, the deputy mayor and 57 councillors.

=== Sind People's Ordinance (SPO 1972) ===
In Sind People's Ordinance of 1972 (amended in 1976), provision was made for the establishment of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.my/books?id=5gGzAAAAIAAJ&q=kmc+karachi+election&dq=kmc+karachi+election&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjAxNf7lqDPAhVBLo8KHZO7D_M4HhDoAQgjMAI|title=Metropolitan management: the Asian experience|last=Sivaramakrishnan|first=K. C.|last2=Green|first2=Leslie|last3=D.C.)|first3=Economic Development Institute (Washington|date=1986-12-04|publisher=Published for the Economic Development Institute of the World Bank Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195205084|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sindhlaws.gov.pk/setup/publications_SindhCode/PUB-15-000207.pdf|title=Sindh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPO) 1972|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> In 1976, ] was upgraded to ]. The administrative area of Karachi was a second-level subdivision known as Karachi Division, which was subdivided into five districts: Karachi Central, Karachi East, Karachi South, Karachi West and Malir.

On the Contrary to its latest and amended version in the form of ''''Sindh Local Government Act 2013'''<nowiki/>', the 1972 Ordinance provided ample authorities and powers to the Mayor of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation including Master planning, building control, town planning, development etc.

non party based elections were held for a brief period of ten years(1979-1988). In 1992 after culmination of mayoral tenure of ], the elected mayor system was abolished and the appointed Administrator System was implemented during 1992 - 2001.

=== Sindh Local Government Ordinance 1979 ===
This act was passed by Army dictator ] which restricted role of mayor<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pk.undp.org/content/dam/pakistan/docs/Democratic%20Governance/Federalism/International%20Conference%20Sept13/presentations/Day2/4th%20ppt%20Representitive%20LG%20Sindh%20pdf.pdf|title=UNDP report on SLGA 2013|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref>

=== Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001) ===
]

In January 2000, under Pervez Musharraf Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sindh.gov.pk/dpt/services/RULES/SLGO%202001%20_February03_.pdf|title=Sindh Local Government Ordinance 2001(SLGO 2001) - Government of Sindh|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> was passed

The government of Pakistan designed a new devolution of financial resources and responsibilities. This plan abolished the earlier second-level division and merged the five districts of Karachi into a Karachi District. When the devolution plan was implemented in 2001, this district officially became a City District, with the City District Government of Karachi handling its government.

Under CDG Karachi had a three-tier federated system, formed by

The City District Government (CDG)
Town Municipal Administrations
Union Council Administrations

The City-District of Karachi was divided into ] governed by elected municipal administrations responsible for infrastructure and spatial planning, development facilitation, and municipal services (water, sanitation, solid waste, repairing roads, parks, street lights, and traffic engineering), with some functions being retained by the CDG.

The towns were sub-divided into 178 localities governed by elected union councils (UC's), which were the core element of the local government system. Each UC was a body of thirteen directly elected members including a Nazim (mayor) and a Naib Nazim (deputy mayor). The UC Nazim headed the union administration and was responsible for facilitating the CDG to plan and execute municipal services, as well as for informing higher authorities about public concerns and complaints.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://defence.pk/threads/breif-history-of-karachi.7499/|title=Breif History of Karachi!!|access-date=2016-09-14}}</ref>

=== SIndh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPLGO 2012) ===
Local Government Ordinance passed by Sindh assembly proposed creation of five metropolitan corporations Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana and Mirpurkhas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/92236/107305/F-603842675/PAK92236.pdf|title=Sindh People's Local Government Ordinance 2012|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> It divided Karachi into Five districts. The Ordinance was promising and provided good powers and authorities to the Mayors, but it was was shortly discarded by Sindh Assembly of Feb21, 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/84752-sindh-assembly-restores-local-government-act-of-1979|title=Sindh Assembly restores Local Government Act of 1979|website=www.geo.tv|access-date=2016-09-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/787908/khoro-signs-slgo-1979-into-law|title=Khuhro signs Sindh Local Govt Ordinance 1979|last=Dawn.com|date=2013-02-22|access-date=2016-09-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/787653/commisionerate-system-restored-in-sindh-mqm-stages-pa-walkout|title=Commissionerate system restored in Sindh; MQM stages PA walkout|last=Dawn.com|date=2013-02-21|access-date=2016-09-21}}</ref>

=== Sindh Local Government Act (SPLGA 2013) ===
The Sindh Local Government Act 2013 (SLGA 2013)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sindh.gov.pk/dpt/Local%20Government/THE%20DRAFT%20SINDH%20LOCAL%20GOVERNMENT%20ACT%202013.pdf|title=Sindh Local Government Act (SLGA) 2013 - Government of Sindh|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> further carved the city into 6 districts. two new districts of Korangi and Malir were formed. The Sindh Local Government Act also proposed the formation of 7th district called 'district counsel' which comprises the rural areas of Karachi and doesn't come under Karachi Metropolitan Corporation. The important Local Bodies and revenue generating machines for Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) like KW&SB (Water Board), KDA, KBCA (Karachi Building Control Authority, Solid Waste Management etc were removed from KMC and merged with the Sindh province.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1225311|title=Sindh govt takes away key municipal function from local bodies|last=Azfar-ul-Ashfaque|date=2015-12-10|access-date=2016-09-18}}</ref> The powers of mayor under new act were greatly reduced compared with the one passed in 2001 and 2012.

In 2014, Supreme court ordered the provinces to restore Local Government system and following the court's decision, Government of Sindh finally agreed to conduct Local Government elections on December 15, 2015.

== Mayor elections ==

=== Elections 2005 ===

Mayor results 2005 <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/159945/karachi-mustafa-kamal-is-new-city-nazim|title=KARACHI: Mustafa Kamal is new city nazim|last=Ghori|first=Habib Khan|date=2005-10-07|access-date=2016-09-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/156501/karachi-12-file-papers-for-nazim-s-slot-third-phase-of-lb-polls|title=KARACHI: 12 file papers for nazim’s slot: Third phase of LB polls|last=Ghori|first=Habib Khan|date=2005-09-14|access-date=2016-09-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/155436/karachi-muttahida-lays-claim-on-karachi-hyderabad-nazim-naib-nazim-slots|title=KARACHI: Muttahida lays claim on Karachi, Hyderabad: Nazim, naib nazim slots|date=2005-09-06|access-date=2016-09-18}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="6" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! |Karachi Mayor Election, 2005
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|#
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Party
!Candidate
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |CDGK
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan=2 | Percentage
|- |-
|Arshad Hassan<ref>{{Cite news|date=26 April 2019|title=Arshad Hasan takes oath as deputy mayor|work=Dawn (newspaper)|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1478379|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>
|1
| ] ]
|]|||1,490
|'''64.5%'''
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|- |-
| colspan="8" |{{center|Administrator system implemented from 30 August 2020 – 5 January 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=Iftikhar Shallwani is the new Karachi administrator {{!}} SAMAA|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/pakistan/2020/09/karachi-administrator-new/|access-date=2020-09-12|website=Samaa TV|date=7 September 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/1027269-appointments-of-karachi-hyderabad-administrators-suspended|title=Appointments of Karachi, Hyderabad administrators suspended|date=5 January 2023|access-date=16 January 2023|work=The News International (newspaper)}}</ref>}}
|2
|align=left|] ]
|]||800
|'''34.5%'''
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|- |-
|3 |30
|]
|Others
|Salman Murad
|||24
|15 June 2023
|'''1%'''
|13 June 2027
|<timeline>
| bgcolor=“#000000” |
ImageSize = width:100 height:25
|]
PlotArea = left:0 bottom:0 top:0 right:0
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Imtiaz Ali {{!}} Asim |date=2023-06-15 |title=Karachi mayor polls: 8 detained as clashes erupt between JI, PPP after Murtaza Wahab emerges victorious |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1759876 |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref>
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|- style="border: 1px solid black; background: #E9E9E9;"
| colspan="3" align="right" |'''''Total'''''||2,314
| colspan="2" |'''100%'''
|} |}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> All counsellors (13 from each 174 Union Council) participated in direct voting process for mayor election for CDGK). The election took place on October 6, 2005. Naimatullah Khan was fielded by Tameer-i-Karachi Ittehad of the combined opposition parties.


=== elections 2016 === == Election ==
{{Main|Karachi Local Government Elections|List of Karachi local election results|2023 Karachi mayoral election}}


The most recent local government elections were held in ] and mayor elections took place through voting of chairmen of union committees (members of KMC) on 15th June 2023. Murtaza Wahab, mayoral candidate of PPP was elected as the mayor of Karachi.
''for 2015 elections see detailed results at:'' ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epaper.dawn.com/DetailImage.php?StoryImage=30_08_2016_117_003|title=Jailed MQM leader takes oath as Karachi mayor today {{!}} ePaper {{!}} DAWN.COM|website=epaper.dawn.com|access-date=2016-09-18}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable"
! colspan="6" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! |Karachi Mayor Election, 2016 ! colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! |Karachi Mayor Election, 2023
|- |-
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |# ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |#
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | <center>Party</center> ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | {{center|Party}}
!Candidate !Candidate
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |] ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |]
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | Percentage ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | Percentage
|- |-
|1 |1
| ]
| ] ]
|]|||208 |]|||173
|'''68.2%''' |'''47.1%'''
|<timeline>
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|- |-
|2 |2
| align="left" |] ] | align="left" |]
|]
|]
||86 ||160
|'''28.2%''' |'''43.5%'''
|<timeline>
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|- |-
|3 |3
|Did not vote<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-12 |title=PTI to abstain from voting for JI's Naeem in Karachi Mayor election |url=https://www.nation.com.pk/12-Jun-2023/pti-to-abstain-from-voting-for-ji-s-naeem-in-karachi-mayor-election |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=The Nation |language=en-US}}</ref>
|did not vote
| -||11 | -||34
|'''3.6%''' |'''9.4%'''
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|- style="border: 1px solid black; background: #E9E9E9;" |- style="border: 1px solid black; background: #E9E9E9;"
| colspan="2" align="right" |'''''Total''''' | colspan="2" align="right" |'''''Total'''''
|||305 | ||367
| colspan="2" |'''100%''' |'''100%'''
|} |}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> The 305 directly and indirectly elected members of Union Committee of KMC voted for Mayor of Karachi on August 24, 2016. Waseem Akhter comfortably defeated 6 party alliance formed to contest against the city`s dominant political force, the MQM<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epaper.dawn.com/DetailImage.php?StoryImage=30_08_2016_117_003|title=Jailed MQM leader takes oath as Karachi mayor today {{!}} ePaper {{!}} DAWN.COM|website=epaper.dawn.com|access-date=2016-09-18}}</ref>


== Authority & Functions ==
] leader Faisal Vawda submitted petition for the disqualification of Karachi mayor-elect Waseem Akhter few hours before his oath taking ceremony in the Sindh High Court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://channel24.pk/breaking-news/2016/08/29/19706/|title=Faisal Vawda seeks Waseem Akhtar's disqualification as mayor Karachi|date=2016-08-29|language=en-US|access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref> Sindh High Court withdrew his production orders and all sessions judges in Karachi were stopped from administering the oath after not getting clearance from the Sindh High Court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.samaa.tv/pakistan/2016/08/controversy-over-oath-taking-of-karachi-mayor/|title=Controversy over oath-taking of Karachi mayor {{!}} SAMAA TV|access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref> Faisal Wavda petition was later rejected and second production orders were issued.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/112944-Vawda-moves-SHC-to-stop-Waseem-Akhtar-from-taking-oath-as-Mayor|title=SHC dismisses Vawda's petition to stop Waseem Akhtar from taking oath as Mayor|website=www.geo.tv|access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref>
KMC's functions include flyovers, storm water drains (nullahs), special development programmes, maintenance work, municipal watch and ward, fire fighting services, civil defense, traffic engineering, management of milk supply schemes, encroachment management on its land and properties, celebration of national days, reception of foreign dignitaries/distinguished guests.<ref name="kmc_gos_pk">https://www.kmc.gos.pk/functions {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>


106 roads & arterial thoroughfares of Karachi, 38 flyovers and 37 storm water drains (nullahs) of Karachi come under KMC's control. Alongside that, KMC also controls and manages 7 medical institutes/hospitals in Karachi, including: Karachi Medical and Dental College (KMDC), Karachi institute of Heart disease (KIHD), Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Sobhraj Maternity Home, Sarfaraz Shaheed Hospital, Spencer’s Eye Hospital and Leprosy Hospital. KMC is also responsible for maintaining Zoological Gardens, Safari Parks, Aquariums, Sports Complexes, Beeches, Art Galleries, Museums and Metropolitan Libraries under its jurisdiction. <ref name="kmc_gos_pk" />
Waseem Akhter was crowned mayor of Karachi on August 30, 2016. Ceremony was held at Polo Ground.

The mayor of Karachi is also the chairman of the ] and the divisional board of the Sindh Solid Waste Management board for Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-03 |title=Are Murtaza Wahab's mayoral powers different from his predecessor Wasim Akhtar's? |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/1086368-are-murtaza-wahab-s-mayoral-powers-different-from-his-predecessor-wasim-akhtar-s |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=The News International |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Siddiqui |first=Tahir |date=2024-03-30 |title=Solid waste management body being devolved to division level |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1824510 |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Siddiqui |first=Tahir |date=2023-07-05 |title=Mayor becomes head of KWSB after Sindh governor assents to new law |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1763010 |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref>

Major municipal institutes like ], ], ], Sindh Mass Transit Authority and the Sindh Building Control Authority (SBCA) are still under the provincial government which restricts the control of KMC over the city and limits the powers of a mayor.

== Budget ==
Karachi budget formulated by its mayors during first and last years of their tenure.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-06-27|title=KARACHI: Rs52.3bn city govt budget passed unanimously|url=http://beta.dawn.com/news/974072/karachi-rs52-3bn-city-govt-budget-passed-unanimously|access-date=2020-09-15|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Baloch|first=Latif|date=2007-07-01|title=KARACHI: Rs45,695m CDGK budget approved|url=http://beta.dawn.com/news/254160/karachi-rs45-695m-cdgk-budget-approved|access-date=2020-09-15|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=CDGK unveils Rs44 billion budget|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/12215-cdgk-unveils-rs44-billion-budget|access-date=2020-09-15|website=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=KMC budgets: Why they went up and down {{!}} SAMAA|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/local/2019/09/kmc-budgets-why-they-went-up-and-down/|access-date=2020-09-15|website=Samaa TV|date=5 September 2019 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0"></ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=DAHLBURG|first=JOHN-THOR|date=1994-12-31|title=Down-to-Earth Pakistani Pilot Tries to Clean Up 'Nightmare' City : Asia: Faheem Zaman went from flying Bhutto around to running Karachi. Now he's rising above graft.|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-31-mn-14957-story.html|access-date=2020-09-16|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1"></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ghaus|first=Aisha|title=Municipal, Financesa Case Study of Karachi |date=1989|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25825036|journal=Pakistan Economic and Social Review|volume=27|issue=2|pages=77–108|jstor=25825036 |issn=1011-002X}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Budget of Karachi under mayorship (1979–2020)
!Fiscal
Year
!Amount
(Rs. Billion)
!Amount
($. Million)
!Mayor
!Administrator
!Notes
|-
|'''1979–80'''
|0.459
|
|]
|
|
|-
|'''1984–85'''
|1.127
|83.4
|sic
| -
|
|-
|'''1987–88'''
|
|
|sic
|
|
|-
|'''1988–89'''
|1.936
|105
|Farooq Sattar
|
| rowspan="2" |revenues grew at an average rate of 11 per year from 1988 to 1992,

well below the nominal growth of Karachi (] study).<ref name=":0" />
|-
|'''1991–92'''
|2.841
|115
|sic
|
|-
|'''2001-02'''
|5.7
|
|]
| -
|
|-
|'''2004-05'''
|43.8
|740
|sic
| -
|
|-
|'''2006-07'''
|44.2
|730
|Mustafa Kamal
| -
|
|-
|'''2009-10'''
|52.36
|610
|sic
| -
|
|-
|'''2017–18'''
|27.1
|251
|Waseem Akhter
| -
|
|-
|'''2020–21'''
|24.8
|150
|sic
| -
|
|}


== See also == == See also ==
*]
* ]
* ] Division
* ] * ]
*]
* ]
*]

*]
==References==
*]
{{reflist|30em}}
*]


==External links== == References ==
{{reflist}}
*


{{Mayors of Pakistan}} {{Mayors of Pakistan}}
{{Karachi topics}} {{Karachi topics}}


]
] ]
] ]
] ]

Latest revision as of 21:28, 7 November 2024

Head of local government of Karachi, Pakistan

Mayor of Karachi
ناظم کراچی
Incumbent
Murtaza Wahab
since 15 June 2023
Karachi Metropolitan Corporation
Residence'Camp Office' KDA Scheme 1, Gulshan-e-Iqbal
SeatKMC Building
AppointerKarachi Metropolitan Corporation
Term length4 years
Constituting instrumentKarachi City Municipal Act
FormationNov 1933
Final holderWaseen Akhtar
DeputySalman Murad, Deputy Mayor of Karachi
Websitekmc.gos.pk

Mayor of Karachi (Urdu: ناظم کراچی; Sindhi: ميئر ڪراچي‎) is the executive of the Karachi metropolitan corporation and the Karachi local government system of the city of Karachi which is the third tier of governance in Pakistan after Federal and provincial governments.

Karachi Metropolitan Corporation Building (KMC) completed in 1932 houses the city counsel hall for seating of general counsel meeting for 367 elected counselors and the offices of the Mayor and Deputy Mayor

History

Ancient local government system in South Asia

The history of Karachi dates back to ancient periods. Before the Christian era, various towns and cities existed near the present day Karachi such as Barbarikon, Debal, and Banbhore. Local government system in the Indian subcontinent dates back to Mauryan empire or earlier. Public drains and sewage system, solid waste management, public dust bins, and street lamps at Mohenjo Daro indicate the presence of municipal organizations and services. During the Mauryan empire, a council of thirty commissioners was divided into six committees or boards which governed the city of Pataliputra and handled affairs such as fixing wages, controlling manufacturing and supplies, arrangement of foreign dignitaries, tourists and foreigners, handling records and registrations, collection of sales taxes, trade regulation, issuing licenses for weights and measurements, and municipal responsibilities. During ancient times, the Mayor of the city was called Nagarika and in the medieval periods, Kotwals came to administer major towns and cities. The mayors were appointed by the King rather than being elected. The Panchayat (assembly of five elders) system traced in the Rig Veda back to 1200 BC (Alok 2006).

British Indian Empire

The first local government elections in Karachi were held on 1 November 1884 and Karachi municipality was authorized to elect its president. Jamshed Nusserwanji Mehta became the first elected mayor of Karachi in 1933 when Karachi municipal corporation was first created from Karachi municipal committee, he served as the president of the Karachi municipal committee for 20 years prior. Owing to multiethnic composition, the different religious groups took turns as mayors of Karachi such as Parsis, Muslims, Hindus and Christians until the Independence of Pakistan in 1947.

Post Independence

First unofficial party based mayors were elected during the era of Zia ul Haq and Jamaat-e-Islami politician Abdul Sattar Afghani became the first mayor of Karachi with predominant political representation though the mayors remained unauthoritative. During the presidential rule of Gen. Pervez Musharraf, the local governments were reinstated with much better powers and control, which lasted until 2010. Under directives of Pakistan Supreme court in 2016, the local government system was revived but the provincial amendments to the local government act diminished the mayoral authority which once again became superficial and powerless.

Administrative divisions

Main articles: Government of Karachi and Karachi Division

The current Karachi Local Government System follows Sindh Local Government Act 2013 (SLGA 2013)

The Karachi Local Government consists of Karachi Metropolitan Corporation which is subdivided into 25 Town Municipal Corporations (TMCs) which are headed by a chairman and a vice chairman. Each town is further divided into union committees (UCs) for a total of 246 union committees in Karachi which are headed by a chairman and a vice chairman as well. Each union committee is further subdivided into four wards. The local government elections directly elect the UC chairman/vice chairman panel and the 4 ward members of each UC. There are reserved seats for women, non-Muslim minorities, youth members, labor and transgenders in a union committee, all of which are indirectly elected by the direct election of chairman/vice chairman panel. There are 121 reserved seats in the city council.

The chairman of a union committee belongs to the city council (KMC) and elects the mayor/deputy mayor candidate, while the vice chairman of a union committee elects the chairman/vice chairman of the Town Municipal corporation (TMC).

246 union committee seats alongside 121 reserved seats make up the city council of 367 seats.

The City Hall

The historic and iconic building of Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) houses the offices of mayor and deputy mayor of the city and the city council hall with 367 members (union committee chairmen). The foundation of the building was laid in 1927 and the construction was completed in 1930. The cost of building was 1,725,000 RS.

KDA Scheme 1 in Gulshan-e-Iqbal 'Camp Office' is the official residence for the Deputy Mayor of Karachi.

List of mayors

Mayors of Karachi (1933–1962)

Karachi mayors were elected through Karachi Municipal Corporation elections or appointed.

List of mayors of Karachi (1933–1962)
No Name of nazim Starting term Ending term Notes
1 Jamshed Nusserwanji Mehta November 1933 August 1934 First Mayor of Karachi, 1st Parsi mayor
2 Teakum Dass Vadhumull 30 August 1934 3 May 1935 First Hindu mayor of the city
3 Qazi Khuda Bukhsh 3 May 1935 9 May 1936 First Muslim mayor of the city
4 Ardeshir H. Mama 9 May 1936 4 May 1937 2nd Parsi mayor
5 Durgadas Advani 4 May 1937 6 May 1938 Amil Sindhi business magnate
6 Hatim Ali Alavi 6 May 1938 5 May 1939
7 R.K. Sidhwa 5 May 1939 7 May 1940
8 Lalji Malhootra 7 May 1940 6 May 1941
9 Muhammad Hashim Gazdar 6 May 1941 8 May 1942
10 Soharab K.H. Katrak 8 May 1942 11 May 1943 Parsi historian and author
11 Shambo Nath Molraaj 11 May 1943 10 May 1944
12 Yousaf Abdullah Haroon 10 May 1944 8 May 1945 son of Sir Abdullah Haroon
13 Manuel Misquita 8 May 1945 1 May 1946 First Christian mayor of Karachi, former president of Goan Pakistani
14 Wishram Das Dewan Das 9 May 1946 9 May 1947
15 Hakeem Muhammad Ahsan 9 May 1947 25 May 1948
16 Ghulam Ali Alana 25 May 1948 8 July 1948 1st post- independence mayor of the city, Biographer of founder of Pakistan
17 Allah Bakhsh Gabol (1st term) Apr 1951 10 January 1953 Grandfather of politician Nabil Gabol
18 H.M. Habibullah Paracha (first term) 1953 1954 Grandfather of Habib Paracha (an American-Pakistani film-maker)
19 Mahmoud Haroon 19 January 1954 26 May 1955 Founder Editor of Khaleej Times and second son of Sir Abdullah Haroon
20 Al-Haj Malik Bagh Ali 26 May 1955 29 May 1956
21 Siddique Wahab 30 May 1956 14 December 1956
22 S.M.Taufiq 14 June 1958 14 October 1958
23 Allah Bakhsh Gabol (2nd term) May 1961 October 1962
Administrator system (1962–1979)

Mayors of Karachi (1979 – present)

Former President of Pakistan Zia ul Haq conducted first popular local government elections in 1979 which were non party based but the parties still fielded their candidates. The victorious mayor Abdul Sattar Afghani was affiliated with Jamaat-e-Islami.

List of mayors of Karachi (since 1979)
No Name of nazim Deputy Mayor (Naib Nazim) Starting term Ending term Party Notes
24 Abdul Sattar Afghani (1st term) Umer Yousuf

Deda

9 November 1979 7 November 1983 Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan Non-partisan Local govt by Gen. Zia, KMC established its subsidiary body the Karachi Water & Sewerage Board in 1983.
25 Abdul Sattar Afghani (2nd term) Abdul Khaliq Allahwala 7 November 1983 14 February 1987 Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan Abdul Sattar Afghani was arrested by police under section 144 when he was leading the councilor's procession outside the Sindh Assembly building. The elected council was then suspended and Saeed Ahmed Siddiqui was appointed as the administrator of KMC.
Administrator System implemented from 1987–1988
26 Farooq Sattar Abdul Razik

Khan

9 January 1988 27 July 1992 MQM Youngest Mayor of the world at the age of 28. The elected council of KMC was suspended in July 1992, just after a month when an operation clean-up was launched by the federal government in Karachi in June 1992, and replaced the Mayor with an administrator, appointed by the government.
Administrator System implemented from 1992–2001
27 Naimatullah Khan Muhammad Tariq Hassan 14 August 2001 June 2005 Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan Non-partisan City District govt 2001–2010 by Gen. Musharraf, under Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO) 2001. He resigned from his office in June 2005.
28 Syed Mustafa Kamal Nasreen Jalil 17 October 2005 February 2010 MQM
Commissioner System implemented from 2010–2016
29 Waseem Akhtar Arshad Vohra 30 August 2016 29 August 2020 MQM First party based Local elections of Pakistan, under Sindh Local Govt Act (SLGA 2013). Arshad Vohra served as acting mayor Aug, 30 2016 to Nov, 16 2016 before release of Waseem Akhtar. Vohra was removed when he joined PSP in 2018.
Arshad Hassan
Administrator system implemented from 30 August 2020 – 5 January 2023
30 Murtaza Wahab Salman Murad 15 June 2023 13 June 2027 Pakistan People's Party

Election

Main articles: Karachi Local Government Elections, List of Karachi local election results, and 2023 Karachi mayoral election

The most recent local government elections were held in 2023 and mayor elections took place through voting of chairmen of union committees (members of KMC) on 15th June 2023. Murtaza Wahab, mayoral candidate of PPP was elected as the mayor of Karachi.

Karachi Mayor Election, 2023
# Party Candidate KMC Percentage
1 Pakistan Peoples Party Murtaza Wahab 173 47.1%
2 Jamaat-e-Islami Hafiz Naeem ur Rehman 160 43.5%
3 Did not vote - 34 9.4%
Total 367 100%

Authority & Functions

KMC's functions include flyovers, storm water drains (nullahs), special development programmes, maintenance work, municipal watch and ward, fire fighting services, civil defense, traffic engineering, management of milk supply schemes, encroachment management on its land and properties, celebration of national days, reception of foreign dignitaries/distinguished guests.

106 roads & arterial thoroughfares of Karachi, 38 flyovers and 37 storm water drains (nullahs) of Karachi come under KMC's control. Alongside that, KMC also controls and manages 7 medical institutes/hospitals in Karachi, including: Karachi Medical and Dental College (KMDC), Karachi institute of Heart disease (KIHD), Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Sobhraj Maternity Home, Sarfaraz Shaheed Hospital, Spencer’s Eye Hospital and Leprosy Hospital. KMC is also responsible for maintaining Zoological Gardens, Safari Parks, Aquariums, Sports Complexes, Beeches, Art Galleries, Museums and Metropolitan Libraries under its jurisdiction.

The mayor of Karachi is also the chairman of the Karachi Water and Sewerage Board (KWSB) and the divisional board of the Sindh Solid Waste Management board for Karachi.

Major municipal institutes like Karachi Development Authority (KDA), Lyari Development Authority (LDA), Malir Development Authority (MDA), Sindh Mass Transit Authority and the Sindh Building Control Authority (SBCA) are still under the provincial government which restricts the control of KMC over the city and limits the powers of a mayor.

Budget

Karachi budget formulated by its mayors during first and last years of their tenure.

Budget of Karachi under mayorship (1979–2020)
Fiscal

Year

Amount

(Rs. Billion)

Amount

($. Million)

Mayor Administrator Notes
1979–80 0.459 Abdul Sattar Afghani
1984–85 1.127 83.4 sic -
1987–88 sic
1988–89 1.936 105 Farooq Sattar revenues grew at an average rate of 11 per year from 1988 to 1992,

well below the nominal growth of Karachi (ADB study).

1991–92 2.841 115 sic
2001-02 5.7 Naimatullah Khan -
2004-05 43.8 740 sic -
2006-07 44.2 730 Mustafa Kamal -
2009-10 52.36 610 sic -
2017–18 27.1 251 Waseem Akhter -
2020–21 24.8 150 sic -

See also

References

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