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{{Short description|Public university in Kosovo}} | |||
] | |||
{{about|the university located in Pristina|the university in northern Kosovska Mitrovica|University of Priština (North Mitrovica)|the historical university|University of Pristina (1969–1999)}} | |||
{{Infobox university | |||
| name = University of Pristina | |||
| native_name = Universiteti i Prishtinës<br /> | |||
|latin_name = | |||
| image = University of Prishtina logo.svg | |||
| image_size = 200px | |||
| caption = ] of University of Pristina | |||
| motto = | |||
| established = {{start date and age|1999}} {{small|('']'')}}<br />{{start date and age|1969|11|18|df=yes}} {{small|(officially)}} | |||
| rector = ]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,11 |title=Rector Arben Hajrullahu|access-date=2023-06-07 |archive-date=2023-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230827225121/https://uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
| vice_chancellor = | |||
| city = {{nowrap|]}} | |||
| country = ] | |||
| coor = {{Coord| 42.666667 | 21.166667 |type:edu}} | |||
| campus = Urban | |||
| students = 24,980 (2023–24) | |||
| academic_staff = 1,284 | |||
| budget = €34.0 million | |||
| colours = {{color box|red}} {{color box|white}} {{color box|black}} | |||
| type = ] | |||
| affiliations = | |||
| website = {{URL|https://uni-pr.edu/}} | |||
| logo = | |||
}} | |||
{{Infobox university rankings | |||
| ARWU_W = | ARWU_W_year = | ARWU_W_ref = | |||
| CWTS_W = | CWTS_W_year = | CWTS_W_ref = | |||
| QS_EECA =351-400 | QS_EECA_year =2022 | QS_EECA_ref =<ref name="QS World University Rankings 2022">{{Cite web |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/eeca-rankings/2022 |title=QS World University Rankings-Emerging Europe & Central Asia |access-date=15 January 2023}}</ref>| QS_W = | QS_W_year = | QS_W_ref = | |||
| THE_W = | THE_W_year = | THE_W_ref = | |||
| USNWR_W = | USNWR_W_year = | USNWR_W_ref = | |||
}} | |||
] | |||
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The '''University of Pristina''' ({{langx|sq|Universiteti i Prishtinës}}) is a ] located in ], ]. It is the institution that emerged after the disestablishment of the ] as a result of the ]. The inauguration of the university was a historical occurrence not only for the people of Kosovo, but for the whole Albanian nation. On 15 February, the solemn Parliament session took place, which is also proclaimed as The University of Pristina's Day. In the composition of the newly established University of Pristina were faculties with their headquarters in Pristina: the Faculty of Philosophy, Faculty of Law and Economics, Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Medicine. Now the University of Pristina has 17 faculties, of which 14 are academic faculties and 3 are faculties of applied sciences. | |||
The '''University of Priština''' (]: ''Universiteti i Prishtinës'', ]: ''Universitas Studiorum Prishtiniensis'') is a public ] located in ] (Albanian: ''Prishtina''), the capital of ]. Currently, the University of Prishtina has fourteen ] and three higher education schools. Its intake is overwhelmingly drawn from the Kosovo ] population. The language of instruction is Albanian, though instruction can also be organised in other languages. The ] runs from 1 October through 30 September, organised in two semesters, with 30 weeks' teaching per year. <ref name="reviews">{{cite book| title = Reviews of National Policies for Education| publisher = ] |year = 2003| id = ISBN 9264100717 | pages = 344-62}}</ref> | |||
Contained within the emblem is a translation of the name into ], ''Universitas Studiorum Prishtiniensis''. | |||
==Overview== | |||
The university has been described as being "at the very core of political conflict and the self-esteem of Albanian ]s".<ref name="reviews" /> It was for many years accused by ] nationalists of promoting ethnic Albanian ] in Kosovo, and following the rise to power of ] it was purged and its Albanian staff were replaced with Serbs. The university faculty effectively split into Serbian and Albanian halves, with the Serbian staff controlling the ] and the sacked Albanian staff going "underground" for much of the 1990s, providing education in secret for Kosovo Albanian students. | |||
The University of Pristina occupies the campus in Pristina, serving as the major university in the area of Kosovo. It is a member of the European University Association. It maintains contacts with Western European and American universities and institutions.<ref name="uiowa.edu"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419103245/http://international.uiowa.edu/accents/07fall/prishtina.asp |date=2008-04-19 }}, ''uiowa.edu''. Link accessed 14 April 2008.</ref><ref name="uic.edu"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513024304/http://www.psych.uic.edu/ICORC/projects/hiv.shtml |date=2008-05-13 }}, ''uic.edu''. Link accessed 14 April 2008.</ref><ref name="dartmouth.edu"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224024027/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~globalhealth/global-health/projectexamples.html |date=2008-02-24 }}, ''dartmouth.edu''. Link accessed 14 April 2008.</ref><ref name="HUMSEC, European Commission">, ''HUMSEC – European Commission'', Graz, Austria. Link accessed 14 April 2008.</ref> University of Pristina is the highest-ranked Albanian-language university in Europe.<ref name="Ranking of European Universities">{{cite web | |||
|url=http://webometrics.info/en/Europe | |||
|title=Europe Ranking Web of Universities | |||
|access-date=1 March 2018 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
University of Pristina is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the urban setting of the medium-sized city of Pristina. This institution has also branch campuses in the following location(s): Gjilan, Peja, Prizren, Ferizaj, Gjakova, Mitrovica. Officially accredited and/or recognized by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Kosovo, the University of Pristina is a coeducational higher education institution. The University of Pristina offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.<ref>{{cite web |title=Overview |url=https://www.4icu.org/ |website=UniRank |access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref> | |||
===Statistics and university organisation=== | |||
The Albanian faculty regained control of the campus after the end of the ] in ]. The Serbian faculty relocated to the northern Kosovo town of ], where it has operated - effectively as a rival university - under the name of the ] (]: ''Univerzitet u Prištini''). Both faculties are recognised by the ] (UNMIK) and the Serbian faculty is additionally recognised by the ]. | |||
The academic year of the university runs from 1 October through 30 September, organised in two semesters, with 30 weeks of teaching per year. With youth up to 19 years of age accounting for over 50 per cent of the population, by 1980, every third inhabitant in the province was enrolled either in school or at the university. In Kosovo, the expansion of the student body in higher education was unparalleled in Yugoslavia, rising from 149 in 1958–59 to 35,706 at the university and other post-secondary educational institutions in 1975–76.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L562PiBM6GEC|title=Kosovo: The Politics of Identity and Space|last=Kostovicova|first=Denisa|date=2005|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9780415348065|language=en}}</ref> In the academic year 2016—2017 the university counted 38,974 active students, 17,042 (43.8%) men and 21,932 (56.2%) women; 38,334 (98.3%) of the students were from Kosovo, 413 (1%) from ], ] and ], 99 (0.25%) from ], 56 (0.14%) from ], 49 (0.12%) from ], and 23 (0.06%) from other countries.<ref name=ASK>{{cite web | |||
|url=http://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3439/statistikat-e-arsimit-n%C3%AB-kosov%C3%AB-shqip.pdf | |||
|title=Statistikat e Arsimit në Kosovë | |||
|language=sq | |||
|publisher=Kosovo Agency of Statistics | |||
|access-date=1 March 2018 | |||
|archive-date=3 June 2021 | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603014334/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3439/statistikat-e-arsimit-n%C3%AB-kosov%C3%AB-shqip.pdf | |||
|url-status=dead | |||
}}</ref> | |||
About 5,000 students receive ], and about 1000 ] ] every year at University of Pristina, the majority in social and human sciences.<ref name="ASK" /> More than 70,000 have graduated from the university since its establishment.<ref name="University of Pristina">{{cite web | |||
==Statistics and university organisation== | |||
|url=http://uni-pr.edu/ | |||
|title=Statistics on the Homepage | |||
|language=sq | |||
|publisher=University of Pristina | |||
|access-date=1 March 2018 | |||
|archive-date=6 February 2022 | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220206201349/https://www.uni-pr.edu/ | |||
|url-status=dead | |||
}}</ref> | |||
Unlike most other European universities, the university operates as a loose association of faculties, each with a legally autonomous status and administrative structure. This has been criticized by the ] as leading to a redundant duplication of programmes and facilities, hindering an effective prioritisation of programmes.<ref>{{cite book|title=Kosovo: Economic and Social Reforms for Peace and Reconciliation|publisher=]|year=2001|isbn=0-8213-4942-2|page=114 }}</ref> | |||
In the academic year 2004/2005, Albanian university counted 28,832 undergraduate students<ref name=NSSPN>{{cite web | |||
| url = http://www.uni-pr.edu/dokument/statistikat2004_2005/2_PasqyreenumrittestudenteveneUniversitetinePrishtinessipasnacionalitetit2004_05.pdf | |||
| title = Numri i studentëve sipas përkatësisë nacionale që studiojnë në Universitetin e Prishtinës | |||
| format = PDF | |||
| publisher = University of Prishtina (Albanian) | |||
| accessdate = February 7, 2006 | |||
}}</ref>, 15,596 (54.1%) men and 13,236 (45.9%) women<ref name=NSSPN/>; 28,567 (99%) students were of ] ], 125 (0.4%) ], 114 (0.4%) ], and 25 (0.1%) of other ethnic groups<ref name=NSSPN/>. Serbian university had around 18,000 students and 1,000 staff members in 1999<ref name=NIN>{{cite news | |||
| author=Seobe akademaca | |||
| url=http://www.nin.co.yu/2003-04/29/28695.html | |||
| title=Seobe akademaca | |||
| publisher=] 2731 | |||
| date=2003-04-29 | |||
}}</ref>. In the academic year 2005/2006, its enrollment quota was 1,253 students<ref>{{cite web | |||
| url = http://www.mps.sr.gov.yu/code/navigate.php?Id=420 | |||
| title = Број слободних места за упис у другом кругу на факултетима чији оснивач је Република Србија у школској 2005/2006. години | |||
| publisher = ] | |||
| accessdate = February 7, 2006 | |||
}}</ref>. | |||
==History== | |||
About 3,000 students receive ] or ] ] every year at University of Prishtina, the majority in social and human sciences{{fact}}. More than 50,000 have graduated from the university since its establishment{{fact}}. | |||
{{main|University of Pristina (1969–1999)}} | |||
The university of Pristina was founded in the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, Socialist Republic of Serbia, Yugoslavia, in Pristina, the first academic year being 1969–1970, and functioning until 1999. However, because of political upheaval, war, consecutive expulsion of faculty of one ethnicity or the other, extensive differences between the ethnicities, it separated into two disjoint institutions using the same name, albeit simply to reflect ethnic identity. Albanian-language activity continues to this day in Pristina, whilst the Serbian one, Univezitet u Prištini, has been located in Northern Mitrovica, where it still maintains its place in the Serbian Education System.<ref>{{cite web |title=Izmesteni univerzitet |url=http://www.yurope.com/zines/republika/arhiva/2000/240-241/240_37.html |website=1999 Yurope online communications |access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yurope.com/zines/republika/arhiva/2000/240-241/240_37.html|title=Republika|website=www.yurope.com|access-date=2018-11-03}}</ref> | |||
===Foundation=== | |||
Unlike most other European universities, Albanian University of Prishtina operates as a loose association of faculties, each with a legally autonomous status and administrative structure. This has been criticised by the ] as leading to a redundant duplication of programmes and facilities, hindering an effective prioritization of programmes.<ref>{{cite book| title = Kosovo: Economic and Social Reforms for Peace and Rconciliation| publisher = ]| year = 2001| id = ISBN 0821349422| pages = 114 }}</ref> | |||
As a result of The League of Communists of Kosovo requesting more self-governance for their region, large-scale protests arose in Kosovo during November 1968, affecting the founding of the university in 1969–70. The university's first faculties were those of philosophy, medicine, law and engineering. The languages of instruction were Albanian and Serbo-Croat. Because the organizational status of the institution was language-based it is often considered as two separate universities. The Albanians welcomed the founding of the university, but only considered it as a milestone towards political equality and not as the final goal. Although it was supported by Josip Broz Tito, President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, it faced a lot of political opposition from the Serbian Communists, who considered it an "indication of autonomy for Kosovo". As early as 1971, the Serbs and Montenetgrins protested against the inauguration of the university.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GghxFpyBH7MC&pg=PA145|title=Whose Democracy?: Nationalism, Religion, and the Doctrine of Collective Rights in Post-1989 Eastern Europe|last=Ramet|first=Sabrina P.|date=1997|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9780847683246|language=en}}</ref> | |||
===The demonstrations of 1981=== | |||
==Faculties and Higher Education Schools== | |||
The university was the starting point of the 1981 Kosovo student protests. The university contributed to unemployment, with highly educated and aggravated Albanians becoming recruits for nationalist sentiment.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Po03enYpbqsC&pg=PA184|title=Yugoslavia: A State that Withered Away|last=Jović|first=Dejan|date=2009|publisher=Purdue University Press|isbn=9781557534958|language=en}}</ref> Additionally, the Serb and Montenegrin population of Kosovo increasingly resented the economic and social burden incurred by the university's student population. | |||
===Serbian university=== | |||
The demonstrations, which started on 11 March 1981, originally started as a spontaneous small-scale protest for better food in the cafeteria and improved housing conditions in the halls of residence and ended with violence provoking mass demonstrations across Kosovo, a state of emergency, riots and numerous casualties.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oFXdiS25N78C&pg=PA361|title=Central and Southeast European Politics since 1989|last=Ramet|first=Sabrina P.|date=2010-02-18|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139487504|language=en}}</ref> | |||
* Faculty of ]s (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS>{{cite web | |||
| url = http://www.mps.sr.gov.yu/code/navigate.php?Id=156 | |||
| title = Универзитет у Приштини | |||
| publisher = ] | |||
| accessdate = February 7, 2006 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
* Faculty of ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* Faculty of ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* Faculty of ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* Faculty of ]s and ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* Faculty of ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* Faculty of ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* Faculty of ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
* Faculty of ] (relocated to ])<ref name=MPS/> | |||
=== |
===1990-98=== | ||
Many Albanian lecturers were accused of breaking the Serbian education laws, dismissed and replaced by Serbs. | |||
*Faculty of Philosophy<ref name=F>{{cite web | |||
The Albanian-language education then continued in private facilities, as part of the unofficial parallel shadow state, a self-declared Republic of Kosovo, enabling the education of some 30,000 Albanian students to continue. In the second half of the 1990s, Government of Serbia started negotiations with Albanian leaders about the university and came to the agreement that the Albanians would get control over 60% of the university campus, Serbs 35% and Turks 5%. However, Kosovo Serb protesters staged violent protests against the transfer and eventually had to be evicted by government forces. The buildings were extensively damaged, with furniture and equipment deliberately vandalized as to make them unusable.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aimpress.ch/dyn/pubs/archive/data/199601/60103-002-pubs-pri.htm|title=1996/01/03 18:53 ALBANSKI SKOLSKI SISTEM NA KOSOVU|website=www.aimpress.ch|access-date=2018-11-03}}</ref> | |||
| url = http://www.mps.sr.gov.yu/code/navigate.php?Id=156 | |||
| title = Fakultetet | |||
| publisher = University of Prishtina (Albanian) | |||
| accessdate = February 7, 2006 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
*Faculty of Mathematic and Nature Sciences<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of ]<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of Law<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of Economics<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of ]s and ]<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of ] and ]<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of ]<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of Medicine<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of Arts<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of Agriculture<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of ] and ]<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of ]s<ref name=F/> | |||
*Faculty of Teaching<ref name=F/> | |||
*] in ]<ref name=F/> | |||
*] in ]<ref name=F/> | |||
*Technical school in ]<ref name=F/> | |||
==History== | |||
===The beginnings=== | |||
] | |||
===Kosovo War and aftermath=== | |||
The first ] of the future University of Priština were opened in early ]<ref name=Republika>{{cite news | |||
The 1999 War in Kosovo disrupted both the official university and its counterpart branch in Mitrovica. Most of the staff and students had fled from Kosovo in early June 1999. The Serbian population of Pristina, in August 1999, had fallen from 40,000 to under 1,000. As a result, the university broke into two separate branches, the one in Pristina and the one in North Mitrovica.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-qFpAAAAMAAJ|title=War of Words: Washington Tackles the Yugoslav Conflict|last=Sremac|first=Danielle S.|date=1999-01-01|publisher=Praeger|isbn=9780275966096|language=en}}</ref> | |||
| author=Sladjana Djuric | |||
| url=http://www.yurope.com/zines/republika/arhiva/2000/240-241/240_37.html | |||
| title=Izmesteni univerzitet | |||
| publisher=] | |||
| date=No. 240-241 | |||
}}</ref> with full support in staff and finance from the ]<ref name=Republika/>. In the beginning, most of the faculties have operated as external units of the University of Belgrade<ref name=Republika/>. As nearly all members of the staff were ], the education was performed in ]<ref name=Republika/>. Since autumn of ], after ]<ref name=Republika/>, education in ] was forcibly introduced, if a class had even a single ] who was ]<ref name=Republika/>. | |||
===December 2013 arrests=== | |||
As the number of faculties grew, in the beginning of the ] the University of Priština was established as a separate institution<ref name=Republika/> to address the demands of the local population for better educational faculties. Its foundation came in conjunction with an increased package of degree of cultural and, eventually, political autonomy for the Albanian-majority province{{fact}}. | |||
On December 12, 2013, eleven officials of the university Faculty of Medicine were arrested for grade forgery.<ref name="ArrestsTelegrafi">{{cite news|url=http://www.telegrafi.com/lajme/arrestohen-zyrtare-te-fakultetit-te-mjekesise-80-6359.html|title=Arrestohen 11 persona për korrupsion në UP (Albanian)|author=12 December 2013|newspaper=]|access-date=17 December 2013|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924114102/http://www.telegrafi.com/lajme/arrestohen-zyrtare-te-fakultetit-te-mjekesise-80-6359.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ArrestsIndeksonline">{{cite web|url=http://www.indeksonline.net/?FaqeID=2&LajmID=78689|title=Arrestohen zyrtarë të Fakultetit të Mjekësisë (Albanian)|date=12 December 2013|publisher=Indeks Online|access-date=17 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="ArrestsBotasot">{{cite news|url=http://www.botasot.info/kronike-e-zeze/256850/arrestohen-edhe-zyrtare-te-tjere-te-fakultetit-te-mjekesise/|title=Arrestohen edhe zyrtarë të tjerë të Fakultetit të Mjekësisë (Albanian)|date=12 December 2013|newspaper=]|access-date=17 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="ArrestsKoha">{{cite news|url=http://www.koha.net/?page=1,4,168988|title=Arrestohen zyrtarë të Fakultetit të Mjekësisë (Albanian)|date=12 December 2013|newspaper=]|access-date=17 December 2013}}</ref> Arrested officials were physicians, professors, assistant professors, and administrative staff; some students were also arrested.<ref name="ArrestsExpress">{{cite news|url=http://www.gazetaexpress.com/?cid=1,15,128855|title=Priten edhe 15 arrestime në UP, për falsifikim të notave (Albanian)|date=12 December 2013|work=]|access-date=17 December 2013}}</ref> | |||
=== 2014 student protest and resignation of Ibrahim Gashi === | |||
It had four faculties: ], ], ] and ]. All of the faculties were doubled to ensure exact equality between the two peoples, with duplicated teaching, library stock, administration, publishing and journals. Rather than being a conventional ] university, it was described as being more like two universities under one roof.<ref name="kostovicova">{{cite book| last = Kostovicova| first = Denisa| authorlink = Denisa Kostovicova| title = Kosovo| publisher = ]| year = 2005| id = ISBN 0415348064| pages = 44-45, 103-104 }}</ref> | |||
{{Main|2014 student protest in Kosovo}} | |||
The 2014 ] began when ] media accused Rector ] and his staff of falsifying research and publishing scientific papers based on that false research to bolster their academic credentials.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-kosovo-violence-idUSBREA161B820140207|title=Police clashed with students in Kosovo, and dozens reported injured.|date=2 July 2014|newspaper=Reuters|access-date=3 March 2014}}</ref> Gashi refused to resign after it was revealed he had published articles in predatory journals to meet the requirements for promotion to full professor. Student protesters became outraged after parliament failed to pass a vote demanding that Gashi resign, with coalition government political parties opposing the move. Gashi eventually resigned.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26094032|title=Kosovo students clash with police in Pristina|work=2 July 2014|date=8 February 2014|publisher=BBC News|access-date=3 March 2014}}</ref> | |||
== Organisation and administration == | |||
The university attracted controversy almost from the start, with the Serbian Minister of Education later accusing it of being one of several "centres of actual and theoretical ]." <ref name="mazowiecki">{{cite paper| author = Tadeusz Mazowiecki| title = Fifth periodic report on the situation of human rights in the territory of the former Yugoslavia| publisher = ]| date = 1993-11-17| url = http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/2848af408d01ec0ac1256609004e770b/3e70ccf5ab7cd9c9802566710056e56f?OpenDocument#CONTENTS}} </ref> As early as ], there were Serb and Montenegrin protests against the opening of the university. According to a Kosovo ] leader at the time, the university had faced strong political opposition from the Serbian Communists (even though it had the support of ]), "as the founding of the university was taken as a harbinger of autonomy for Kosovo." <ref name="kostovicova" /> | |||
=== Governance === | |||
The main governing bodies of the University of Pristina are the steering council and the Senate. The steering council has overall strategic responsibility for the effective institutional functioning of the university. | |||
The University Senate is the highest academic body of the university. It is chaired by the rector of the university, which is the university's main managing authority. The rector is the main academic and administrative leader and is responsible for the effective and regular work of the university and for its management according to the policy defined by the steering council. The rector is assisted by the vice presidents and the secretary general of the university. The duties of the vice-rectors are determined by the rector in accordance with the provisions of the UP Statute. | |||
In the ], the university was enlarged rapidly in regard to teaching in Albanian language<ref name=Republika/>, from 7,712 total students in 1969/70<ref name=PSUP>{{cite web | |||
| url = http://www.uni-pr.edu/dokument/statistikat2004_2005/3_Pasqyraenumrittestudentevesipasmenyreseestudimitprejvitit1969_70deri2004_05.pdf | |||
| title = Pasqyra e studentëve të Universitetit të Prishtinës për periudhën 1969/70-2004-05 | |||
| format = PDF | |||
| publisher = University of Prishtina (Albanian) | |||
| accessdate = February 7, 2006 | |||
}} | |||
</ref> to 43,321 in 1980/81<ref name=PSUP/>, the highest number of students ever<ref name=PSUP/>. ] it acted upon strengthening of Albanian ]<ref name=Republika/>. The university was the scene of repeated Albanian nationalist protests. In ], at least 100 students were arrested for participating in nationalist protests<ref>{{cite book| last = Ramet| first = Sabrina P.| authorlink = Sabrina P. Ramet| title = Nationalism and Federalism in Yugoslavia, 1962-1991| publisher = ]| edition = 2nd edition| year = 1992| id = ISBN 0253207037| pages = 193}}</ref>. | |||
The secretary general of the university is the highest executive and administrative officer of the university. He answers the rector for efficient, economical and effective administration at all levels of the university.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=1,11|title=Universiteti i Prishtinës|last=Prishtinës|first=Universiteti i|website=www.uni-pr.edu|access-date=2018-11-03|archive-date=2017-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620102251/https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=1,11|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
===The 1981 demonstrations=== | |||
=== Administration === | |||
The university was the focus of major student demonstrations in ]. Although the authorities again blamed the protests on nationalist radicals, there were a number of contributing factors. Kosovo's cultural isolation within Yugoslavia and its endemic poverty resulted in the province having the highest ratio of both students and illiterates in Yugoslavia. A university education was no guarantee of a successful future; instead of training students for technical careers, the university specialized in liberal arts, in particular in ] and culture. Graduates with these qualifications could find little work in Kosovo apart from in the state bureaucracy and local cultural institutions. There were even fewer prospects outside Kosovo for those who had only been educated in the Albanian language. This created a large pool of unemployed but highly educated, and resentful, Albanians - prime recruits for nationalist sentiment. It was no coincidence that a later leader of the rebel ], ], first came to prominence as a student radical at the university. <ref name="mertus">{{cite book| last = Mertus| first = Julie A.| authorlink = Julie A. Mertus| title = Kosovo: How Myths and Truths Started a War| url = http://www.ucpress.edu/books/pages/8454/8454.ch01.html| publisher = ]|year = 1999| id = ISBN 0253207037| chapter = The 1981 Student Demonstrations}}</ref> | |||
The Central Administration of the University of Pristina was established by the decision of the University Board of Pristina in 2001. | |||
According to the Statute of the university, the Central Administration is responsible for professional, administrative and technical issues related to: | |||
In addition, the Serb and Montenegrin population of Kosovo increasingly resented the economic and social burden incurred by the university's student population. By 1981, the University of Pristina had 20,000 students - one in ten of the city's total population. <ref name="mertus" /> | |||
#Education, scientific research and artistic work; | |||
The demonstrations started on ], 1981, originally as a spontaneous small-scale protest for better food in the school cafeteria and improved living conditions in the dormitories. They were dispersed by police but resumed two weeks later on ]. This time, the police used force to disperse a ] by Albanian students in a dormitory, injuring 35 people and arresting 21. The violence provoked a mass uprising, with tens of thousands of people demonstrating across Kosovo. The federal government imposed a ] and rushed up to 30,000 troops to the province. Riots broke out and the Yugoslav authorities used force against the protesters, killing many of them (up to 300, according to ]{{fact}}). | |||
#Administration of recognition of studies; | |||
#Personnel administration; | |||
#Legal Aspects; | |||
#University Development Plan; | |||
#Accounting and finance; | |||
#Maintenance and documentation of property; | |||
#Folders; | |||
#Movement of goods; | |||
#Management of the information system; | |||
#Central database; | |||
#Other General Aspects of University Administration. | |||
All these are coordinated by the secretary-general. | |||
Following the demonstrations, the university faculty and students were ]d of those deemed to be "]." 226 students and workers were tried, convicted and sentenced to up to fifteen years in prison. Many Albanians were purged from official posts, including the president of the university and two rectors. They were replaced with Communist Party hardliners. The university was also prohibited from using textbooks imported from ]; from then on, the university was only permitted to use books translated from ]. The demonstrations also produced a growing tendency for Serbian politicians to demand ], the unity of Serb lands, a decrease in ] for Albanians and an increase in the protection and promotion of ]. <ref name="mertus" /> The university was denounced by the Serbian Communist leadership as a "fortress of nationalism". <ref name="kostovicova" /> | |||
At the suggestion of the secretary-general, the rector issues regulations on job placement within the Central University Administration. A more detailed description of the work for Central Administration services is provided in Regulation on the internal organization of the Central Administration of the university.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=1,13|title=Universiteti i Prishtinës|last=Prishtinës|first=Universiteti i|website=www.uni-pr.edu|access-date=2018-11-03|archive-date=2018-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210245/https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=1,13|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
===1990 to 1998=== | |||
==Faculties== | |||
The Serbian politician ] successfully exploited the Kosovo issue to propel himself into the ] in ]. A strong advocate of Serbian nationalism, in ] he downgraded Kosovo's ] and began a systematic purge of the province's institutions, replacing Albanians with Serbs{{fact}}. The University of Priština was a key target. Much of its administration was centralized under Serbian authority; the existing curriculum was abolished and replaced with a Serbian one and decisions on enrolment were transferred to ]. Its Albanian faculty was dismissed under a variety of dubious pretexts (such as "leaving the faculty building during working hours" <ref name="kostovicova" />) and replaced by Serbs. The ], ] ], was imprisoned after writing a letter asking for the university buildings to be returned to the Albanian faculty and students.<ref name="mazowiecki" /> His hardline Serb nationalist replacement, Professor ], explained the official reasoning for the changes at the University: | |||
Academic units of the university are:<ref name=F>{{cite web |url=http://uni-pr.edu/Fakultetet.aspx?lang=en-US |title=Faculties |publisher=University of Pristina (state university at Pristina) |access-date=10 December 2012 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | |||
* ] | |||
* Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | |||
* ] | |||
* Faculty of Law | |||
* Faculty of Economics | |||
* Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture | |||
* Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering | |||
* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering | |||
* Faculty of Medicine | |||
* Faculty of Arts | |||
* Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary | |||
* Faculty of Sport Sciences | |||
* Faculty of Education | |||
* Faculty of Architecture <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=1,34|title=Universiteti i Prishtinës|access-date=2022-03-22|archive-date=2022-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504152451/https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=1%2C34|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
==Admissions and fees== | |||
:Our first task was to remove the hatred for all that is Serbian which had been accumulated here for decades ... This factory of evil, established with the basic intention of destroying Serbia and the Serbian name ... is now destroyed thanks to the coordinated action of the Government and university personnel ... Our university has the ultimate object of renewing Serbian thought in ]. <ref name="mazowiecki" /> | |||
This higher-education institution has a selective admission policy based on entrance examinations. International applicants are eligible to apply for enrollment. | |||
Fees per semester at the University of Pristina include €25 for full-time students (BA), €125 for part-time students (BA), and €150 for Academic Masters (MA). Students coming from other cities or international students require around 200-350 euros per month to cover the cost of living in Pristina.<ref>{{cite web |title=Admissions and fees |url=https://telegrafi.com/jeta-e-shtrenjte-studentore/ |website=Telegrafi |date=8 November 2015 |access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref> | |||
== University campus == | |||
Popovic was seen by Albanians as a high-profile symbol of Serbian oppression in Kosovo; on ], ], he was seriously injured in a ] attack blamed on the rebel ]. A KLA member, ], was convicted of the bombing and sentenced to 22 years imprisonment. He was released from his jail in Serbia in March ].<ref>"", UNMIK Local Media Monitoring, 27 March 2002</ref> | |||
Around 45,000 students attend the University of Pristina, but the students are not the only ones who use it. It is also used from the other part of the population that do not necessarily do activities that are related to the UP. This fact gives the UP another concern, and that is the accommodation of other activities that are not related to the UP. The campus has a really good position in the city of ], and that gives the UP a really good potential to work on and improve all the problems that exist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ecmandryshe.org/|title=Kampusi i universitetit të Prishtinës, hapesire publike e sigurte dhe e përshtatshme per te gjithe|website=Ec Ma Ndryshe|access-date=November 3, 2018}}</ref> | |||
=== The National Library === | |||
The dismissed Albanian academic staff continued working as part of the unofficial parallel ], a self-declared ] that had been established by Kosovo's Albanians. University classes and examinations for Albanian students were organized in private houses and other privately-owned facilities, enabling the education of some 30,000 Albanian students to continue.<ref name="kostovicova" /> The shadow university - which called itself the University of Prishtina - issued graduation certificates in the name of the Republic of Kosovo. These were, however, not recognized by the ], and state security forces subjected the parallel schools to repeated raids and harassment. <ref name="mazowiecki" /> | |||
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2019}} | |||
The ] is located in the campus of UP. This library is the highest library institution in Kosovo established by the Parliament. It accepts donations; one from ORCA was accepted recently.{{when|date=October 2019}} The mission of the library is to collect, promote and preserve documents that are important for the state. They hold exhibitions, gatherings and they have a considerable and accessible number of books. This library is known for the unique history and architecture. Nevertheless, there is a big controversy for the beauty of the outside appearance of the library. | |||
=== Halls of Residence === | |||
The composition of the student body also changed drastically. A new enrolment policy was implemented which - in theory - provided for a one-to-one ratio between the two language groups, i.e. 1,580 full-time students in each, commencing from the start of the 1991-92 academic year. In practice, not a single Albanian student was enrolled, reducing the Albanian student body from 27,000 to nil. This was welcomed by many Serbs, as funding would now be spent only on Serbs and Montenegrins. It also resulted in the dismissal of the remaining Albanian teaching staff, as they now had no students to teach. Thus, Albanians were effectively shut out of the university entirely; there were no Albanian-speaking staff to teach the students, and no Albanian-speaking students for the staff to teach.<ref name="kostovicova" /> | |||
The campus contains eight halls of residence. They are considered affordable for all students. Moreover, in the per-month-price is included the food in the students' canteen center.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://qs.rks-gov.net/|title=Ballina|work=Qendra e Studenteve|access-date=2018-11-03|language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
==Pristina International Summer University== | |||
In ], as the crisis in Kosovo was building, an agreement was reached between the Serbian authorities and Kosovo Albanian leaders to permit the return of Albanian students to the university. <ref>{{cite news | title = Measures Agreed on Implementation of Education Accord | url = http://www.hri.org/news/balkans/kosova/1998/98-03-23.ksv.html | publisher = Kosova Information Center | date = ] | accessdate = 2006-09-05}}</ref> Three buildings of the university were turned over to the Kosovo Albanians on ], 1998. However, Kosovo Serb protesters staged violent protests against the transfer and eventually had to be evicted by government forces. <ref>{{cite paper| author = Kofi Annan| title = Report of the Secretary-General Prepared Pursuant to Resolution 1160 (1998) of the Security Council| publisher = ]| date = 1998-06-04| url = http://www.nato.int/ifor/un/1998/u980604a.htm}}</ref> The buildings were extensively vandalised, with furniture and equipment deliberately damaged to make it unusable. <ref name="reviews" /> | |||
In 2001, the University of Pristina began the establishment of Pristina Summer University. More than 4,000 local, regional and international students and more than 400 local and international professors partici pate in the PISU.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Universiteti i Prishtinës - About us |url=https://uvp.uni-pr.edu/About.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128024959/https://uvp.uni-pr.edu/About.aspx |archive-date=28 November 2020 |website=University of Pristina}}</ref> | |||
In the summer of 2018, the University of Pristina (UP) organised the 18th edition of the Pristina International Summer University. | |||
===Kosovo War and aftermath=== | |||
The program brought together local and international professors and lecturers for two weeks, and provided approximately 15 credited courses covering a wide range of study fields. In addition, public discussions, lectures etc., were organized on prominent issues of Kosovar and (South) East European societies. Recreational events and excursions have also been organized for students and staff. | |||
Pristina International Summer University 2017, hosted approximately 500 students. In this year's program, approximately 300 participants were accepted, out of which 150 from Kosovo and 150 participants from abroad. A list of the available courses can be found in the University Of Pristina official website. | |||
PISU is organized every year, in the first week of July and it aims to establish and expand the cooperation between the University of Pristina and international universities. | |||
<ref>{{cite web |title=Pristina INTERNATIONAL SUMMER UNIVERSITY |url=https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=1,33, |website=Universiteti I Prishtines |access-date=3 November 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | |||
In 2023, from July 3-14, the 22nd International Summer University was held at the University of Pristina with the participation of professors from 11 countries and 30 different universities. In this context, the talks with representatives of ] also took place. The Germany-Kosovo Country Committee is planning another international workshop at the university in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,37,2196 |title=Information concerning the Summer University 2023 |access-date=2023-07-19 |archive-date=2023-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719082850/https://uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,37,2196 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
==Career Development Centre of the University of Pristina== | |||
The ] of 1999 completely disrupted both the official university and its shadow counterpart. After issuing of the ] and coming of ] most of the staff and students have fled from Kosovo in early ] ]<ref name=Republika/>; by August 1999, only two months after the war's end, the Serbian population of ] had fallen from 40,000 to under 1,000. <ref>{{cite book| last = Sremac| first = Danielle S.| authorlink = Danielle S. Sremac| title = War of Words: Washington Tackles the Yugoslav Conflict| publisher = Praeger/Greenwood|year = 1999| id = ISBN 0275966097}}</ref>. Those who stayed were subjected to violence and forced out of the university buildings<ref name=Republika/>, most drastic examples being the murders of professor and a staff member of the Faculty of Economy in the faculty's very building, and of the husband of a professor of the Faculty of Physical Culture<ref name=Republika/>. | |||
The Career Development Centre of the University of Pristina has been officially opened since April 2007 as an OSCE project, while since January 2009, it functions as a Unit of the Academic Development Office in the University of Pristina. The Career Development Center's objectives are to help the UP students in gaining knowledge and developing their skills, which will help them during their employment. It also aims to help students in gaining work experience during their studies, in order for them to understand more about the world of the job market, as well as in offering advice and information for the high school graduates who want to study in UP. | |||
They tend to achieve these goals by enabling students access to new information on studies, trainings, seminars, lectures, various activities, as well as information about job vacancies and practical work.<ref>{{cite web |title=Career Development Centre of the University of Pristina |url=https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,67 |website=Universiteti i Prishtines |access-date=3 November 2018 |archive-date=3 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210304/https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,67 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
===Virtual Career Platform=== | |||
] | |||
VCP (PVK) is the Virtual Career Platform by which the students and the graduates can participate in the Virtual Career Fair. Through online access the navigators can be meet with institutions, companies and organizations by clicking on these sectors: Banking, Finance, Information Technology, Engineering, Architecture, Design, Consulting, and Education. Through biz-form, one can communicate directly with the institutions’ human resources departments, companies, and organizations, participants in VCP (PVK). | |||
VCP (PVK) provides information about: Career education and orientation, high school graduates information, counsel for students, general information about VCP (PVK). | |||
CDC (QZHK) online services are free for the students and the graduates from the University of Pristina “Hasan Prishtina”.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,73|title=Universiteti i Prishtinës|last=Prishtinës|first=Universiteti i|website=www.uni-pr.edu|access-date=2018-11-03|archive-date=2018-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210211/https://www.uni-pr.edu/page.aspx?id=2,73|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
==Notable people== | |||
The university abandoned Pristina in September ]<ref name=NIN/> and its faculties were then relocated to various cities in and near Kosovo<ref name=Republika/>. Faculties of Medicine, Agriculture, and Natural Sciences and Mathematics were relocated to ]<ref name=Republika/>; of Law and Philology to ]<ref name=Republika/>; of Teacher Training and Physical Culture to ]<ref name=Republika/>; of Arts to ]<ref name=Republika/>; of Economy and Philosophy to ]<ref name=Republika/>; and of Civil Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Mechanic Engineering and Electrotechnics to ]<ref name=Republika/>. The Albanian shadow university moved into the university buildings<ref name=Republika/> in late ] and resumed teaching under the name of the University of Prishtina; university ]s were destroyed, with ]s and other documents in Serbian thrown out of the buildings and burned<ref name=Republika/> (in contrast, pre-] archives were preserved<ref name=Republika/>). | |||
===Notable alumni and faculty members=== | |||
* ], Kosovar academic, professor of sociology and politician | |||
* ], Professor of literature science | |||
* ], Kosovar composer | |||
* ], professor of animal Science and vice-rector at the University of Pristina | |||
* ], Kosovar painter | |||
* ], former Speaker of the Assembly of Kosovo, former professor of chemistry | |||
* ], cardiac surgeon who performed the first open-heart surgery in ] | |||
* ], Rector of the University of Pristina 2016-2020 | |||
* ], Kosovar professor, philosopher, and political activist | |||
* ], professor of chemistry and former dean of pedagogics at Trakya University Edirne | |||
* ], former ] | |||
* ], Kosovar poet | |||
* ], current ] | |||
* ], current ] and former ] | |||
* ], Kosovar education expert | |||
* ], first president of post-war Kosovo | |||
* ], professor and elected rector of the University of Pristina | |||
* ], former president of Kosovo and former professor of law | |||
* ], former ] and member of the ] | |||
* ], former president of Kosovo, former prime minister of Kosovo, former student vice-rector | |||
==Criticism== | |||
The education in Serbian university proceeded in very harsh conditions, without adequate buildings, staff and students housing, funding or even literature<ref name=Republika/>. In ], the faculties were returned to Kosovo, but not to ]<ref name=Danas>{{cite news | |||
The University of Pristina has been criticized for its association with the political class, corruption, and lack of literature. According to a recent study by ''Preportr'', a substantial part of Kosovo's government officials, including ministers, hold academic roles in higher education institutions, including the University of Pristina. Literature in Albanian is highly absent, and the available literature is largely outdated.<ref name="Universiteticullak">{{cite web | url=http://preportr.com/repository/docs/Preportr_08_dhjetor_134269.pdf | title=Universiteti cullak, Udha e shkronjave (Albanian) | publisher=Preportr | date=8 December 2013 | access-date=16 December 2013 | archive-date=4 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024817/http://preportr.com/repository/docs/Preportr_08_dhjetor_134269.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
| author=Ljiljana Staletović | |||
| url=http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.co.yu/arhiva/2001/09/18/srpski/T01091603.shtml | |||
| title=Studenti vraćaju Kosmet Srbiji | |||
| publisher=] | |||
| date=September 18 2001 | |||
}}</ref>. The University has resisted efforts to re-unite the Serbian and Albanian faculties<ref>{{cite news| title = North Kosovo will be a model for the operation of local self-government | publisher = Serbian Press Agency SRNA | date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-05}}</ref>. In 2002, ] recognised its existence<ref>{{cite news | |||
| author=O. N. | |||
| url=http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.co.yu/arhiva/2002/04/01/srpski/D02033104.shtml | |||
| title=Univerzitet u Prištini postao deo evropskog akademskog prostora | |||
| publisher=] | |||
| date=April 1, 2002 | |||
}}</ref>. | |||
Some 15 high-profile politicians were serving as ministers or MPs in 2015, including the ministers of justice, education, and defense, and receiving salaries as full-time professors. Reformist Rector Ramadan Zejnullahu stripped them of their pay for work that they did not perform. Another 80 or so professors were receiving double or triple salaries for teaching at multiple faculties or branches of the university in other cities in Kosovo. Attempts to stop this were overturned by the appeal court. Zejnullahu also chose to disregard a policy that let 1,000 children of war veterans or soldiers killed in action register for university without passing an entrance exam, believing it to be unfair and against university standards. After a year and a half, Zejnullahu was fired by the university steering board on 21 October 2015. Zejnullahu's removal was reversed days later by Education Minister Arsim Bajrami, but his struggle made him a national symbol of Kosovo's battle against nepotism and graft.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hopkins|first1=Valerie|title=Rectifying the university|url=http://prishtinainsight.com/rectifying-the-university/|access-date=3 March 2016|work=Prishtina Insight|publisher=BIRN|date=1 December 2015}}</ref> | |||
Outside observers have noted that the dispute over the fate of the national education system parallels the greater debate over the future of Kosovo itself, with the two sides seeking to establish their own rival visions rather than compromising on a shared approach. According to a report by the ], "there has not been any sign of genuine tolerance or attempts to find a common ground between the Kosovo Albanian and Kosovo Serb communities regarding the consolidation of their educational system." <ref name="kostovicova" /> | |||
Two professors, Beqir Sadikaj and Zeqir Veselaj, who had earlier been identified as plagiarists were in 2015 elected as members to the 5-member Governing Council of the UP and voted to dismiss Rector Zejnullahu.<ref>{{cite news|title=Two plagiarists on the board of UP|url=http://www.gazetaexpress.com/en/news/two-plagiarists-on-the-board-of-up-134065/|access-date=3 March 2016|work=Gazeta Express|publisher=MediaWorks|date=1 October 2015|archive-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307000653/http://www.gazetaexpress.com/en/news/two-plagiarists-on-the-board-of-up-134065/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
== External links == | |||
* of the University of Priština (Serbian) - ''currently defunct, link is to ]'' | |||
* of the University of Prishtina (Albanian) | |||
* - magazine of the University of Priština (Serbian) Faculty of Philosophy | |||
* of the University of Priština (Serbian) Faculty of Arts | |||
===Improvement to be made=== | |||
==References== | |||
Since its foundation, the University of Pristina has made many improvements. Nevertheless, it is still facing difficulties. A primary concern is the lack of work space and absence of professors. Moreover, plagiarism, lack of infrastructure and other commitments of the professors outside of university of Pristina, continue to hinder the operating of the university. Researchers found out that the campus is used more as a transit area for citizens than the students, and it also misses links between the buildings inside the campus. | |||
<references /> | |||
A concerning fact is that even though the findings directly disclosed names of the staff who plagiarized, they continued to be employed by the university, unpunished.<ref>{{cite web |title=Improvement to be made |url=https://prishtinainsight.com/irregularities-at-university-of-prishtina-continue/ |website=PrishtinaInsight |date=21 September 2018 |access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref> In addition, politics always seem to influence the university. In 2003, the University of Pristina was described as being "at the very core of political conflict and the self-esteem of Albanian Kosovars".<ref>{{cite web |title=Improvement to be made |url=https://ecmandryshe.org/repository/docs/180712113334_Kampusi_i_Universitetit_te_Prishtines_reduced.pdf |website=Ecmandryshe |access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref> | |||
] | |||
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== Literature == | |||
{{Serbian universities}} | |||
* ] Hrsg: The fight against malaria and other related mosquito-born diseases : results and proposed next steps of the Rotary Seminar at the University of Pristina (Kosovo), ICC Deutschland Türkei, ] 2019 {{ISBN|978-3-945046-16-6}} | |||
== See also == | |||
] | |||
* ] | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist|30em}} | |||
== External links == | |||
*{{official website|http://www.uni-pr.edu/}}{{dead|date=January 2024}} {{in lang|en|sq}} | |||
{{Universities in Kosovo}}{{Pristina}}{{Danube Rectors Conference}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pristina, University Of}} | |||
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Latest revision as of 13:45, 10 November 2024
Public university in Kosovo This article is about the university located in Pristina. For the university in northern Kosovska Mitrovica, see University of Priština (North Mitrovica). For the historical university, see University of Pristina (1969–1999).Universiteti i Prishtinës | |
Seal of University of Pristina | |
Type | Public |
---|---|
Established | 1999; 25 years ago (1999) (de facto) 18 November 1969; 55 years ago (1969-11-18) (officially) |
Budget | €34.0 million |
Rector | Arben Hajrullahu |
Academic staff | 1,284 |
Students | 24,980 (2023–24) |
Location | Pristina, Kosovo 42°40′00″N 21°10′00″E / 42.666667°N 21.166667°E / 42.666667; 21.166667 |
Campus | Urban |
Colours | |
Website | uni-pr |
University rankings | |
---|---|
Regional – Overall | |
QS Emerging Europe and Central Asia | 351-400 (2022) |
The University of Pristina (Albanian: Universiteti i Prishtinës) is a public university located in Pristina, Kosovo. It is the institution that emerged after the disestablishment of the University of Pristina (1969–1999) as a result of the Kosovo War. The inauguration of the university was a historical occurrence not only for the people of Kosovo, but for the whole Albanian nation. On 15 February, the solemn Parliament session took place, which is also proclaimed as The University of Pristina's Day. In the composition of the newly established University of Pristina were faculties with their headquarters in Pristina: the Faculty of Philosophy, Faculty of Law and Economics, Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Medicine. Now the University of Pristina has 17 faculties, of which 14 are academic faculties and 3 are faculties of applied sciences. Contained within the emblem is a translation of the name into Latin, Universitas Studiorum Prishtiniensis.
Overview
The University of Pristina occupies the campus in Pristina, serving as the major university in the area of Kosovo. It is a member of the European University Association. It maintains contacts with Western European and American universities and institutions. University of Pristina is the highest-ranked Albanian-language university in Europe. University of Pristina is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the urban setting of the medium-sized city of Pristina. This institution has also branch campuses in the following location(s): Gjilan, Peja, Prizren, Ferizaj, Gjakova, Mitrovica. Officially accredited and/or recognized by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Kosovo, the University of Pristina is a coeducational higher education institution. The University of Pristina offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Statistics and university organisation
The academic year of the university runs from 1 October through 30 September, organised in two semesters, with 30 weeks of teaching per year. With youth up to 19 years of age accounting for over 50 per cent of the population, by 1980, every third inhabitant in the province was enrolled either in school or at the university. In Kosovo, the expansion of the student body in higher education was unparalleled in Yugoslavia, rising from 149 in 1958–59 to 35,706 at the university and other post-secondary educational institutions in 1975–76. In the academic year 2016—2017 the university counted 38,974 active students, 17,042 (43.8%) men and 21,932 (56.2%) women; 38,334 (98.3%) of the students were from Kosovo, 413 (1%) from Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac, 99 (0.25%) from Montenegro, 56 (0.14%) from North Macedonia, 49 (0.12%) from Albania, and 23 (0.06%) from other countries.
About 5,000 students receive bachelor, and about 1000 master degrees every year at University of Pristina, the majority in social and human sciences. More than 70,000 have graduated from the university since its establishment.
Unlike most other European universities, the university operates as a loose association of faculties, each with a legally autonomous status and administrative structure. This has been criticized by the World Bank as leading to a redundant duplication of programmes and facilities, hindering an effective prioritisation of programmes.
History
Main article: University of Pristina (1969–1999)The university of Pristina was founded in the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, Socialist Republic of Serbia, Yugoslavia, in Pristina, the first academic year being 1969–1970, and functioning until 1999. However, because of political upheaval, war, consecutive expulsion of faculty of one ethnicity or the other, extensive differences between the ethnicities, it separated into two disjoint institutions using the same name, albeit simply to reflect ethnic identity. Albanian-language activity continues to this day in Pristina, whilst the Serbian one, Univezitet u Prištini, has been located in Northern Mitrovica, where it still maintains its place in the Serbian Education System.
Foundation
As a result of The League of Communists of Kosovo requesting more self-governance for their region, large-scale protests arose in Kosovo during November 1968, affecting the founding of the university in 1969–70. The university's first faculties were those of philosophy, medicine, law and engineering. The languages of instruction were Albanian and Serbo-Croat. Because the organizational status of the institution was language-based it is often considered as two separate universities. The Albanians welcomed the founding of the university, but only considered it as a milestone towards political equality and not as the final goal. Although it was supported by Josip Broz Tito, President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, it faced a lot of political opposition from the Serbian Communists, who considered it an "indication of autonomy for Kosovo". As early as 1971, the Serbs and Montenetgrins protested against the inauguration of the university.
The demonstrations of 1981
The university was the starting point of the 1981 Kosovo student protests. The university contributed to unemployment, with highly educated and aggravated Albanians becoming recruits for nationalist sentiment. Additionally, the Serb and Montenegrin population of Kosovo increasingly resented the economic and social burden incurred by the university's student population. The demonstrations, which started on 11 March 1981, originally started as a spontaneous small-scale protest for better food in the cafeteria and improved housing conditions in the halls of residence and ended with violence provoking mass demonstrations across Kosovo, a state of emergency, riots and numerous casualties.
1990-98
Many Albanian lecturers were accused of breaking the Serbian education laws, dismissed and replaced by Serbs. The Albanian-language education then continued in private facilities, as part of the unofficial parallel shadow state, a self-declared Republic of Kosovo, enabling the education of some 30,000 Albanian students to continue. In the second half of the 1990s, Government of Serbia started negotiations with Albanian leaders about the university and came to the agreement that the Albanians would get control over 60% of the university campus, Serbs 35% and Turks 5%. However, Kosovo Serb protesters staged violent protests against the transfer and eventually had to be evicted by government forces. The buildings were extensively damaged, with furniture and equipment deliberately vandalized as to make them unusable.
Kosovo War and aftermath
The 1999 War in Kosovo disrupted both the official university and its counterpart branch in Mitrovica. Most of the staff and students had fled from Kosovo in early June 1999. The Serbian population of Pristina, in August 1999, had fallen from 40,000 to under 1,000. As a result, the university broke into two separate branches, the one in Pristina and the one in North Mitrovica.
December 2013 arrests
On December 12, 2013, eleven officials of the university Faculty of Medicine were arrested for grade forgery. Arrested officials were physicians, professors, assistant professors, and administrative staff; some students were also arrested.
2014 student protest and resignation of Ibrahim Gashi
Main article: 2014 student protest in KosovoThe 2014 student protest began when Kosovo media accused Rector Ibrahim Gashi and his staff of falsifying research and publishing scientific papers based on that false research to bolster their academic credentials. Gashi refused to resign after it was revealed he had published articles in predatory journals to meet the requirements for promotion to full professor. Student protesters became outraged after parliament failed to pass a vote demanding that Gashi resign, with coalition government political parties opposing the move. Gashi eventually resigned.
Organisation and administration
Governance
The main governing bodies of the University of Pristina are the steering council and the Senate. The steering council has overall strategic responsibility for the effective institutional functioning of the university.
The University Senate is the highest academic body of the university. It is chaired by the rector of the university, which is the university's main managing authority. The rector is the main academic and administrative leader and is responsible for the effective and regular work of the university and for its management according to the policy defined by the steering council. The rector is assisted by the vice presidents and the secretary general of the university. The duties of the vice-rectors are determined by the rector in accordance with the provisions of the UP Statute.
The secretary general of the university is the highest executive and administrative officer of the university. He answers the rector for efficient, economical and effective administration at all levels of the university.
Administration
The Central Administration of the University of Pristina was established by the decision of the University Board of Pristina in 2001.
According to the Statute of the university, the Central Administration is responsible for professional, administrative and technical issues related to:
- Education, scientific research and artistic work;
- Administration of recognition of studies;
- Personnel administration;
- Legal Aspects;
- University Development Plan;
- Accounting and finance;
- Maintenance and documentation of property;
- Folders;
- Movement of goods;
- Management of the information system;
- Central database;
- Other General Aspects of University Administration.
All these are coordinated by the secretary-general.
At the suggestion of the secretary-general, the rector issues regulations on job placement within the Central University Administration. A more detailed description of the work for Central Administration services is provided in Regulation on the internal organization of the Central Administration of the university.
Faculties
Academic units of the university are:
- Faculty of Philosophy
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- Faculty of Philology
- Faculty of Law
- Faculty of Economics
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Medicine
- Faculty of Arts
- Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary
- Faculty of Sport Sciences
- Faculty of Education
- Faculty of Architecture
Admissions and fees
This higher-education institution has a selective admission policy based on entrance examinations. International applicants are eligible to apply for enrollment. Fees per semester at the University of Pristina include €25 for full-time students (BA), €125 for part-time students (BA), and €150 for Academic Masters (MA). Students coming from other cities or international students require around 200-350 euros per month to cover the cost of living in Pristina.
University campus
Around 45,000 students attend the University of Pristina, but the students are not the only ones who use it. It is also used from the other part of the population that do not necessarily do activities that are related to the UP. This fact gives the UP another concern, and that is the accommodation of other activities that are not related to the UP. The campus has a really good position in the city of Pristina, and that gives the UP a really good potential to work on and improve all the problems that exist.
The National Library
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The National Library of Kosovo is located in the campus of UP. This library is the highest library institution in Kosovo established by the Parliament. It accepts donations; one from ORCA was accepted recently. The mission of the library is to collect, promote and preserve documents that are important for the state. They hold exhibitions, gatherings and they have a considerable and accessible number of books. This library is known for the unique history and architecture. Nevertheless, there is a big controversy for the beauty of the outside appearance of the library.
Halls of Residence
The campus contains eight halls of residence. They are considered affordable for all students. Moreover, in the per-month-price is included the food in the students' canteen center.
Pristina International Summer University
In 2001, the University of Pristina began the establishment of Pristina Summer University. More than 4,000 local, regional and international students and more than 400 local and international professors partici pate in the PISU.
In the summer of 2018, the University of Pristina (UP) organised the 18th edition of the Pristina International Summer University. The program brought together local and international professors and lecturers for two weeks, and provided approximately 15 credited courses covering a wide range of study fields. In addition, public discussions, lectures etc., were organized on prominent issues of Kosovar and (South) East European societies. Recreational events and excursions have also been organized for students and staff. Pristina International Summer University 2017, hosted approximately 500 students. In this year's program, approximately 300 participants were accepted, out of which 150 from Kosovo and 150 participants from abroad. A list of the available courses can be found in the University Of Pristina official website. PISU is organized every year, in the first week of July and it aims to establish and expand the cooperation between the University of Pristina and international universities. In 2023, from July 3-14, the 22nd International Summer University was held at the University of Pristina with the participation of professors from 11 countries and 30 different universities. In this context, the talks with representatives of Rotary International also took place. The Germany-Kosovo Country Committee is planning another international workshop at the university in 2024.
Career Development Centre of the University of Pristina
The Career Development Centre of the University of Pristina has been officially opened since April 2007 as an OSCE project, while since January 2009, it functions as a Unit of the Academic Development Office in the University of Pristina. The Career Development Center's objectives are to help the UP students in gaining knowledge and developing their skills, which will help them during their employment. It also aims to help students in gaining work experience during their studies, in order for them to understand more about the world of the job market, as well as in offering advice and information for the high school graduates who want to study in UP. They tend to achieve these goals by enabling students access to new information on studies, trainings, seminars, lectures, various activities, as well as information about job vacancies and practical work.
Virtual Career Platform
VCP (PVK) is the Virtual Career Platform by which the students and the graduates can participate in the Virtual Career Fair. Through online access the navigators can be meet with institutions, companies and organizations by clicking on these sectors: Banking, Finance, Information Technology, Engineering, Architecture, Design, Consulting, and Education. Through biz-form, one can communicate directly with the institutions’ human resources departments, companies, and organizations, participants in VCP (PVK). VCP (PVK) provides information about: Career education and orientation, high school graduates information, counsel for students, general information about VCP (PVK). CDC (QZHK) online services are free for the students and the graduates from the University of Pristina “Hasan Prishtina”.
Notable people
Notable alumni and faculty members
- Fehmi Agani, Kosovar academic, professor of sociology and politician
- Ag Apolloni, Professor of literature science
- Fahri Beqiri, Kosovar composer
- Hysen Bytyqi, professor of animal Science and vice-rector at the University of Pristina
- Masar Caka, Kosovar painter
- Nexhat Daci, former Speaker of the Assembly of Kosovo, former professor of chemistry
- Fatmir Dalladaku, cardiac surgeon who performed the first open-heart surgery in Kosovo
- Marjan Dema, Rector of the University of Pristina 2016-2020
- Ukshin Hoti, Kosovar professor, philosopher, and political activist
- Hilmi Ibar, professor of chemistry and former dean of pedagogics at Trakya University Edirne
- Atifete Jahjaga, former president of Kosovo
- Ali Podrimja, Kosovar poet
- Albin Kurti, current prime minister of Kosovo
- Vjosa Osmani, current president of Kosovo and former chairwoman of the Assembly of Kosovo
- Dukagjin Pupovci, Kosovar education expert
- Ibrahim Rugova, first president of post-war Kosovo
- Naser Sahiti, professor and elected rector of the University of Pristina
- Fatmir Sejdiu, former president of Kosovo and former professor of law
- Haris Silajdžić, former prime minister and member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Hashim Thaçi, former president of Kosovo, former prime minister of Kosovo, former student vice-rector
Criticism
The University of Pristina has been criticized for its association with the political class, corruption, and lack of literature. According to a recent study by Preportr, a substantial part of Kosovo's government officials, including ministers, hold academic roles in higher education institutions, including the University of Pristina. Literature in Albanian is highly absent, and the available literature is largely outdated.
Some 15 high-profile politicians were serving as ministers or MPs in 2015, including the ministers of justice, education, and defense, and receiving salaries as full-time professors. Reformist Rector Ramadan Zejnullahu stripped them of their pay for work that they did not perform. Another 80 or so professors were receiving double or triple salaries for teaching at multiple faculties or branches of the university in other cities in Kosovo. Attempts to stop this were overturned by the appeal court. Zejnullahu also chose to disregard a policy that let 1,000 children of war veterans or soldiers killed in action register for university without passing an entrance exam, believing it to be unfair and against university standards. After a year and a half, Zejnullahu was fired by the university steering board on 21 October 2015. Zejnullahu's removal was reversed days later by Education Minister Arsim Bajrami, but his struggle made him a national symbol of Kosovo's battle against nepotism and graft.
Two professors, Beqir Sadikaj and Zeqir Veselaj, who had earlier been identified as plagiarists were in 2015 elected as members to the 5-member Governing Council of the UP and voted to dismiss Rector Zejnullahu.
Improvement to be made
Since its foundation, the University of Pristina has made many improvements. Nevertheless, it is still facing difficulties. A primary concern is the lack of work space and absence of professors. Moreover, plagiarism, lack of infrastructure and other commitments of the professors outside of university of Pristina, continue to hinder the operating of the university. Researchers found out that the campus is used more as a transit area for citizens than the students, and it also misses links between the buildings inside the campus.
A concerning fact is that even though the findings directly disclosed names of the staff who plagiarized, they continued to be employed by the university, unpunished. In addition, politics always seem to influence the university. In 2003, the University of Pristina was described as being "at the very core of political conflict and the self-esteem of Albanian Kosovars".
Literature
- Manfred G. Raupp Hrsg: The fight against malaria and other related mosquito-born diseases : results and proposed next steps of the Rotary Seminar at the University of Pristina (Kosovo), ICC Deutschland Türkei, Rotary International 2019 ISBN 978-3-945046-16-6
See also
References
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- Dartmouth College: The Dartmouth Initiative in Global Health and Healthy Development, discusses cooperation with the University of Pristina School of Medicine in Pristina, Kosovo Archived 2008-02-24 at the Wayback Machine, dartmouth.edu. Link accessed 14 April 2008.
- University of Pristina's Human Rights Centre, established in 2000, after Serbia lost control of the University, located in Pristina, now the capital of Republic of Kosovo, affiliated university with HUMSEC, human rights project of the European Commission, HUMSEC – European Commission, Graz, Austria. Link accessed 14 April 2008.
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External links
- Official website (in English and Albanian)
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