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| {{Short description|Tarot card of the Major Arcana}} | |||
| ] | ]]] | ||
| '''Temperance (XIV)''' is the fourteenth ] or ] card in most traditional ] decks. It is used in ] as well as in ]. | |||
| '''Temperance (XIV)''' is one of the 22 ] cards in ] decks. It is usually numbered 14. It depicts a figure which represents the virtue ]. Along with ] and Strength, it is one of three ] which are given their own cards in traditional tarot.{{sfnp|Place|2005}} It is used in both ] and in ]. | |||
| == Identity of the figure == | |||
| Temperance almost invariably depicts a figure with pouring liquid from one cup to another. This figure is usually referred to as the virtue Temperance or as an angel, though several other interpretations also exist. In particular, ] suggests that the figure once represented ], who served as cup bearer to ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Huson |first=Paul |title=Mystical origins of the tarot: From ancient roots to modern usage |date=2004 |publisher=Destiny Books |isbn=978-0-89281-190-8 |location=Rochester, Vt}}</ref> Though it is possible that the figure could also be the goddess ] or the archangel ].{{sfnp|Place|2005}} The former of these interpretations is supported by the rainbow which is often added above her head and the fact that the flowers pictured in the ] version of the card are ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=O'Neill |first=R.V. |title=Tarot Symbolism |publisher=Fairway Press |year=1986 |edition=1st}}</ref> | |||
| == Description == | == Description == | ||
| Temperance ({{ |
Temperance ({{langx|it|La Temperanza}}) appears in the oldest ] decks where it is numbered '''VI''' or '''VII'''. In the ] and in most contemporary decks the card is numbered '''XIV'''. In the ] and decks influenced by it, this card is called '''Art''' rather than Temperance.<ref>{{Cite web|title = TAROT - The Royal Road: 14 TEMPERANCE XIV|url = http://tarot-theroyalroad.blogspot.com/2011/06/14-temperance-xiv.html|website = TAROT - The Royal Road|access-date = 2015-09-16|first = Joanne Sacred|last = Scribes}}</ref> | ||
| ] of Temperance in European iconography. This statue is part of ]'s tomb.]] | ] of Temperance in European iconography. This statue is part of ]'s tomb.]] | ||
| Temperance is almost invariably depicted as a person pouring liquid from one receptacle into another. Historically, this was a standard symbol of the virtue ], one of the ], representing the ] of ] with water. In many decks, the person is a winged ], usually female or androgynous, and stands with one foot on water and one foot on land. | Temperance is almost invariably depicted as a person pouring liquid from one receptacle into another. Historically, this was a standard symbol of the virtue ], one of the ], representing the ] of ] with water. In many decks, the person is a winged ], usually female or androgynous, and stands with one foot on water and one foot on land. | ||
| At the end of the path in the lower left part of the card, there is a crown to show the attainment of a goal, or mastery thereof.<ref>Gray, Eden. "Complete Guide to the Tarot." 1970. Crown Publishers, New York, NY.</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | In the |
||
| ⚫ | In the Rider–Waite image by Pamela Coleman-Smith (shown on this page) the Hebrew ] is on the angel's chest above the square and triangle. In the derivative Tarot decks this is usually not included. | ||
| == Alternative decks == | |||
| According to ]'s 1910 book '']'', the Temperance card is associated with: | |||
| <blockquote>14.TEMPERANCE.--Economy, moderation, frugality, management, accommodation. ''Reversed:'' Things connected with churches, religions, sects, the priesthood, sometimes even the priest who will marry Querent; also disunion, unfortunate combinations, competing interests.{{sfnp|Waite|1979}}</blockquote> | |||
| == In popular culture == | |||
| In ], the Temperance card is associated with the masculine, mutable-fire ] of ] and its ruling planet, ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Taste of Tarot: Temperance & Sagittarius |url=https://www.tarot.com/tarot/temperance-tarot-card-sagittarius-zodiac-sign |access-date=2023-07-14 |website=Tarot.com |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| * In '']'', part of ]'s ] of ] games, Temperance is the name of the fourth ], a giant zombie who is ironically morbidly obese, and almost impervious to attack. All of the bosses in the House of the Dead are named after cards from the Major Arcana, and Temperance in particular was designed to invert the meaning of its namesake card. | |||
| *In the SNES video game '']'', the Temperance Tarot card depicts a woman instead of a winged angel wearing white robes and gathering water from a marsh. On drawing the card after liberation of one of the towns, it increases the Reputation Meter by 2 points, and cures all characters infected by status ailments when used in battle.<ref></ref> | |||
| *In '']'', "Temperance" was among the Major Arcana-based "Arcana Force" cards used by second season villain ], later released in the Yu-Gi-Oh! trading card game. It has the ability to negate battle damage to a player if they discard it from their hand or to halve damage received by either you or your opponent. | |||
| *During the ] event, ] gets the card and teleports to a bar in ], ], which is owned by ]. | |||
| *In '']'', one of DIO's henchmen, Rubber Soul, has a Stand named after the Temperance card, called Yellow Temperance, which coats his skin with a yellow substance that allows him to take the form of any person he desires. | |||
| * The Temperance card, along with the other Tarot cards of the Major Arcana, appears in the 2011 video game, ], and its 2014 remake, ], where they act as consumable items with varying effects. Temperance creates a ] machine, allowing the player to trade their ] for in-game currency. | |||
| * Along with other ], Temperance is a playable character in ]'s puzzle video game series, ]. | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
| {{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| === Works cited === | |||
| * ]'s 1910 '']'' | |||
| {{refbegin}} | |||
| * Hajo Banzhaf, Tarot and the Journey of the Hero (2000) | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Place |first=Robert |author-link=Robert M. Place |year=2005 |title=The Tarot: History, Symbolism, and Divination |location=New York |publisher=Penguin Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-4406-4975-2}} | |||
| * Most works by ] | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Waite |first=A. E. |author-link=A. E. Waite |year=1979 |orig-year=1910 |title=The Pictorial Key to the Tarot |place=New York |publisher=] |isbn=0-87728-218-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/pictorialkeytota00arth |url-access=registration}} | |||
| ⚫ | * G. Ronald Murphy |
||
| {{refend}} | |||
| ⚫ | * Juliette Wood |
||
| == Further reading == | |||
| {{refbegin}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Hajo |last=Banzhaf |title=Tarot and the Journey of the Hero |year=2000 |publisher=Weiser Books |isbn=978-1-57863-117-9 |ref=none}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Butler |first=Bill |title=Dictionary of the Tarot |place=New York |publisher=Schocken Books |year=1975 |isbn=0-8052-0559-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoftaro00bill |url-access=registration |ref=none}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Gray |first=Eden |author-link=Eden Gray |year=1988 |orig-year=1960 |title=The Tarot Revealed: A Modern Guide to Reading the Tarot Cards |publisher=Signet |isbn=978-0-451-15673-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/tarotrevealedmo00gray |url-access=registration |ref=none}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Knight |first=Gareth |author-link=Gareth Knight |year=1991 |title=The Magical World of the Tarot: Fourfold Mirror of the Universe |publisher=Aquarian |isbn=978-0-85030-940-9 |ref=none}} | |||
| ⚫ | * {{cite book |first=G. Ronald |last=Murphy |title=The Owl, The Raven, and The Dove: Religious Meaning of the Grimm's Magic Fairy Tales |year=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-803112-3 |ref=none}} | ||
| * {{cite book |last=Pollack |first=Rachel |author-link=Rachel Pollack |year=1997 |orig-year=1980 |title=Seventy Eight Degrees of Wisdom: A Book of Tarot |publisher=Thorsons |isbn=978-0-7225-3572-1 |ref=none}} | |||
| ⚫ | * {{cite journal |last=Wood |first=Juliette |author-link=Juliette Wood |journal=Folklore |volume=109 |date=1998 |pages=15–24 |title=The Celtic Tarot and the Secret Tradition: A Study in Modern Legend Making |issue=1–2 |doi=10.1080/0015587X.1998.9715957 |ref=none}} | ||
| {{refend}} | |||
| == External links == | == External links == | ||
| {{commons category|Temperance ( |
{{commons category inline|Temperance (Major Arcana)}} | ||
| * from The Pythagorean Tarot | |||
| {{Major Arcana}} | {{Major Arcana}} | ||
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Temperance (Tarot Card)}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Temperance (Tarot Card)}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 02:39, 13 December 2024
Tarot card of the Major Arcana
Temperance (XIV) is one of the 22 Major Arcana cards in Tarot decks. It is usually numbered 14. It depicts a figure which represents the virtue Temperance. Along with Justice and Strength, it is one of three Virtues which are given their own cards in traditional tarot. It is used in both game playing and in divination.
Identity of the figure
Temperance almost invariably depicts a figure with pouring liquid from one cup to another. This figure is usually referred to as the virtue Temperance or as an angel, though several other interpretations also exist. In particular, Paul Huson suggests that the figure once represented Ganymede, who served as cup bearer to Zeus. Though it is possible that the figure could also be the goddess Iris or the archangel Michael. The former of these interpretations is supported by the rainbow which is often added above her head and the fact that the flowers pictured in the Rider–Waite Tarot version of the card are Irises.
Description
Temperance (Italian: La Temperanza) appears in the oldest Italian decks where it is numbered VI or VII. In the Tarot de Marseille and in most contemporary decks the card is numbered XIV. In the Thoth Tarot and decks influenced by it, this card is called Art rather than Temperance.
Temperance is almost invariably depicted as a person pouring liquid from one receptacle into another. Historically, this was a standard symbol of the virtue temperance, one of the cardinal virtues, representing the dilution of wine with water. In many decks, the person is a winged angel, usually female or androgynous, and stands with one foot on water and one foot on land.
At the end of the path in the lower left part of the card, there is a crown to show the attainment of a goal, or mastery thereof.
In the Rider–Waite image by Pamela Coleman-Smith (shown on this page) the Hebrew Tetragrammaton is on the angel's chest above the square and triangle. In the derivative Tarot decks this is usually not included.
According to A.E. Waite's 1910 book The Pictorial Key to the Tarot, the Temperance card is associated with:
14.TEMPERANCE.--Economy, moderation, frugality, management, accommodation. Reversed: Things connected with churches, religions, sects, the priesthood, sometimes even the priest who will marry Querent; also disunion, unfortunate combinations, competing interests.
In astrology, the Temperance card is associated with the masculine, mutable-fire sign of Sagittarius and its ruling planet, Jupiter.
References
- ^ Place (2005).
- Huson, Paul (2004). Mystical origins of the tarot: From ancient roots to modern usage. Rochester, Vt: Destiny Books. ISBN 978-0-89281-190-8.
- O'Neill, R.V. (1986). Tarot Symbolism (1st ed.). Fairway Press.
- Scribes, Joanne Sacred. "TAROT - The Royal Road: 14 TEMPERANCE XIV". TAROT - The Royal Road. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- Gray, Eden. "Complete Guide to the Tarot." 1970. Crown Publishers, New York, NY.
- Waite (1979).
- "A Taste of Tarot: Temperance & Sagittarius". Tarot.com. Retrieved 2023-07-14.
Works cited
- Place, Robert (2005). The Tarot: History, Symbolism, and Divination. New York: Penguin Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-4406-4975-2.
- Waite, A. E. (1979) . The Pictorial Key to the Tarot. New York: Samuel Weiser. ISBN 0-87728-218-8.
Further reading
- Banzhaf, Hajo (2000). Tarot and the Journey of the Hero. Weiser Books. ISBN 978-1-57863-117-9.
- Butler, Bill (1975). Dictionary of the Tarot. New York: Schocken Books. ISBN 0-8052-0559-4.
- Gray, Eden (1988) . The Tarot Revealed: A Modern Guide to Reading the Tarot Cards. Signet. ISBN 978-0-451-15673-0.
- Knight, Gareth (1991). The Magical World of the Tarot: Fourfold Mirror of the Universe. Aquarian. ISBN 978-0-85030-940-9.
- Murphy, G. Ronald (2000). The Owl, The Raven, and The Dove: Religious Meaning of the Grimm's Magic Fairy Tales. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-803112-3.
- Pollack, Rachel (1997) . Seventy Eight Degrees of Wisdom: A Book of Tarot. Thorsons. ISBN 978-0-7225-3572-1.
- Wood, Juliette (1998). "The Celtic Tarot and the Secret Tradition: A Study in Modern Legend Making". Folklore. 109 (1–2): 15–24. doi:10.1080/0015587X.1998.9715957.
External links
Media related to Temperance (Major Arcana) at Wikimedia Commons
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