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{{Short description|French Navy officer (1748–1793)}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox military person|image=File:Jean_Michel_Huon_de_Kermadec.jpg|birth_date=12 September 1748|birth_place=], France|death_date={{death date and age|1793|5|6|1748|9|12|df=y}}|death_place=]|branch=]|battles=]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]|rank=captain}}
| name = Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec
| image = Jean_Michel_Huon_de_Kermadec.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1748|09|12}}
| birth_place = ], ], ]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1793|05|06|1748|09|12}}
| death_place = Balade, ]
| nationality = Breton
| other_names =
| occupation =
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}


'''Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec''' (12 September 1748 – 6 May 1793) was a French Navy officer. He took part in voyages of exploration in the Pacific Ocean under ], looking for the lost expedition of ].
'''Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec''' (], ], ], 12 September 1748&ndash;Balade, ], 6 May 1793) was an 18th-century ] navigator.<ref>
{{Australian Dictionary of Biography |last= Duyker |first= Edward |authorlink= Edward Duyker|year= 2005 |id2=huon-de-kermadec-jean-michel-12998 |title= Huon De Kermadec, Jean-Michel (1748–1793) |accessdate= 2012-02-27}}</ref>
⚫ In September 1791 he was chosen to command the ] on the ] expedition to find the lost expedition of ]. The expedition explored ], ], ] and the ]; however, Kermadec died of ] on 6 May 1793 at Balade in New Caledonia.


== Biography ==
⚫ The ] northeast of ] are named for Huon de Kermadec, as are ], Kermandie, and the Kermandie River, ], the ], and ] of ], and the ] and ] of ].
===Early life===
Kermadec was born on 12 September 1748 in ], near the city of ] in France, into a Breton family of old nobility, to Jean-Guillaume Huon de Kermadec and his wife Anne {{née}} du Mescam.<ref name=Duyker>{{Australian Dictionary of Biography |last= Duyker |first= Edward |authorlink= Edward Duyker|year= 2005 |id2=huon-de-kermadec-jean-michel-12998 |title= Huon De Kermadec, Jean-Michel (1748–1793) |accessdate= 2012-02-27}}</ref> His family had a long naval tradition, {{sfn|Dunmore|1992|pp=140–141}} as both his father and grand-father were also Navy officers. His brother, ], and uncle, ], were also Navy officers.{{sfnp|Lacour-Gayet|1910|p=656}}


===Naval career===
⚫ Several plants bear his name, including the ] ''(Lagarostrobos franklinii)'' of Tasmania, the ] ] '']'' of ], and the tree ''] kermadecensis'' of the Kermadec Islands.
He served in the ], and saw action at the ] in 1778 and the following year was serving aboard the ] during the ] and the ].

In 1781, he was made a Knight in the ].<ref name=Duyker/>

Joining the ship ''Résolution'' in 1785, Kermadec was second in command to ] on an voyage to China. He commanded his own ship, the ''Rhône'' in 1789 and later that year joined the ]. From 1790 to 1791, he captained ], part of the squadron under d'Entrecasteaux.<ref name=Duyker/>

⚫ In September 1791 he was chosen to command the ] on d'Entrecasteaux's expedition to find the lost ships of ].<ref name=Duyker/> Kermandec supervised the preparations for the vessels selected for the expedition, his own ''Espérance'' and d'Entrecasteaux's ].{{sfn|Dunmore|1992|pp=140–141}}

Departing from Brest, Kermadec received a promotion to Captain on 29 September 1791. The expedition explored ], ], ] and the ] without finding any trace of La Perouse, before returning to Tasmania in January 1793. The expedition then sailed for ] and onto New Caledonia, where Kermadec died of ] on 6 May 1793 at ].<ref name=Duyker/> He was discreetly buried on Poudioué, a nearby islet, to prevent the natives from tampering with the body.{{sfn|Dunmore|1992|pp=140–141}}

==Legacy==
⚫ The ] northeast of ] are named for Huon de Kermadec, as are the ], Kermandie, and the Kermandie River, both in ],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nomen |title=Tasmanian Nomenclature: The Placenames of the Island |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/10109314 |access-date=29 September 2018 |work=Mercury |date=29 July 1911}}</ref> ], the ], ] also all in ], and the ] and ] of ].{{sfn|Dunmore|1992|pp=140–141}}

⚫ Several plants also bear his name, including the ] ''(Lagarostrobos franklinii)'' of Tasmania,<ref name=Duyker/> the ] ] '']'' of ], and the tree ''] kermadecensis'' of the Kermadec Islands.


==See also== ==See also==
* ] * ]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=Note}}

==Citations==
{{Reflist|30em}}


==References== ==References==
*{{cite book|last=Dunmore|first=John|title=Who's Who in Pacific Navigation|publisher=Melbourne University Press|location=Carlton, Victoria, Australia|year=1992|isbn=0-522-84488-X}}
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book |last=Lacour-Gayet |first=Georges|author-link=Georges Lacour-Gayet|title=La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XVI |date=1910 |publisher=Honoré Champion |location=Paris |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1181278.texteImage}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |last1=Rouxel |first1=Jean-Christophe |title=Jean Michel HUON de KERMADEC |url=http://ecole.nav.traditions.free.fr/officiers_huon_jean.htm |website=Parcours de vies dans la Royale |access-date=1 May 2020}}


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Latest revision as of 23:56, 22 August 2024

French Navy officer (1748–1793)
Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec
Born12 September 1748
Bohars, France
Died6 May 1793(1793-05-06) (aged 44)
Balade, New Caledonia
Service / branchFrench Navy
Rankcaptain
Battles / warsAmerican War of Independence
Battle of Ushant
Capture of Grenada
Siege of Savannah

Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec (12 September 1748 – 6 May 1793) was a French Navy officer. He took part in voyages of exploration in the Pacific Ocean under Bruni d'Entrecasteaux, looking for the lost expedition of Jean-François de La Pérouse.

Biography

Early life

Kermadec was born on 12 September 1748 in Bohars, near the city of Brest in France, into a Breton family of old nobility, to Jean-Guillaume Huon de Kermadec and his wife Anne née du Mescam. His family had a long naval tradition, as both his father and grand-father were also Navy officers. His brother, Jean-Marie Huon de Kermadec, and uncle, François Pierre Huon de Kermadec, were also Navy officers.

Naval career

He served in the American War of Independence, and saw action at the Battle of Ushant in 1778 and the following year was serving aboard the Diadème during the Capture of Grenada and the Siege of Savannah.

In 1781, he was made a Knight in the Order of Saint Louis.

Joining the ship Résolution in 1785, Kermadec was second in command to Bruni d'Entrecasteaux on an voyage to China. He commanded his own ship, the Rhône in 1789 and later that year joined the Académie de Marine. From 1790 to 1791, he captained Patriote, part of the squadron under d'Entrecasteaux.

In September 1791 he was chosen to command the Espérance on d'Entrecasteaux's expedition to find the lost ships of Jean-François de La Pérouse. Kermandec supervised the preparations for the vessels selected for the expedition, his own Espérance and d'Entrecasteaux's Recherche.

Departing from Brest, Kermadec received a promotion to Captain on 29 September 1791. The expedition explored Tasmania, New Caledonia, New Guinea and the Santa Cruz Islands without finding any trace of La Perouse, before returning to Tasmania in January 1793. The expedition then sailed for Tonga and onto New Caledonia, where Kermadec died of tuberculosis on 6 May 1793 at Balade. He was discreetly buried on Poudioué, a nearby islet, to prevent the natives from tampering with the body.

Legacy

The Kermadec Islands northeast of New Zealand are named for Huon de Kermadec, as are the Kermadec Trench, Kermandie, and the Kermandie River, both in Tasmania, Huonville, the Huon Valley, Huon River also all in Tasmania, and the Huon Peninsula and Huon Gulf of Papua New Guinea.

Several plants also bear his name, including the Huon Pine (Lagarostrobos franklinii) of Tasmania, the Proteaceae genus Kermadecia of New Caledonia, and the tree Metrosideros kermadecensis of the Kermadec Islands.

See also

Notes

Citations

  1. ^ Duyker, Edward (2005). "Huon De Kermadec, Jean-Michel (1748–1793)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
  2. ^ Dunmore 1992, pp. 140–141.
  3. Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 656.
  4. Nomen (29 July 1911). "Tasmanian Nomenclature: The Placenames of the Island". Mercury. Retrieved 29 September 2018.

References

External links

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