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{{Short description|Island in Estonia}}
]]]
{{Infobox islands
] (1911-2004), an Estonian Swede who remained in Estonia after the Second World War, in Vormsi (''Ormsö''), 1994.]]
| name = Vormsi
] is the oldest ] on the island]]
| native_name = Ormsö
| native_name_link =
| native_name_lang =
| sobriquet = <!-- or | nickname = -->
| image_name = Vormsi tuletorn 29-03-2013.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = The lighthouse in ], Vormsi (2013)
| image_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|59|00|N|23|13|E|scale:1250000|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the ] region##Location in Europe##Location within Estonia
| pushpin_map = Scandinavia#Europe#Estonia
| pushpin_relief = yes
| etymology =
| location = ]
| archipelago = ]
| waterbody =
| total_islands =
| major_islands =
| area_km2 = 93
| area_footnotes =
| rank =
| length_km = <!-- or | length_m = -->
| length_footnotes =
| width_km = <!-- or | width_m = -->
| width_footnotes =
| coastline_km = <!-- or | coastline_m = -->
| coastline_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_footnotes =
| highest_mount =
| country = ]
| country_admin_divisions_title = ]
| country_admin_divisions = ]
| demonym =
| population = 415
| population_as_of = 15 October 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_rank =
| population_rank_max =
| density_km2 = 4.5
| density_rank =
| density_footnotes =
| languages =
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| timezone1 =
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| utc_offset1_DST =
| website =
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}}
'''Vormsi''' ({{langx|sv|Ormsö}}) is the fourth-largest island of ], measuring {{convert|92|km2|sqmi|abbr=off}} and a registered population of around 400. It is located in the ], northwest of the ] and east of ] island, and is part of the ] (Moonsund archipelago).


'''Vormsi''', also '''Vormsö''' ({{lang-sv|Ormsö}}, {{lang-de|Worms}}) is the fourth-largest island of ], located between ] and the mainland with a total area of {{convert|92|km2|sqmi|lk=out|abbr=off}}. It is part of ], a rural ]. Administratively the island forms the main part of the Vormsi '']'' (rural ]).


==History== ==History==
]
The documented history of Vormsi dates back as far as the 13th century. During most of this time, the island was inhabited by ] ("rannarootslased" in ] or "coastal Swedes" in English). ''Ormsö'' in Swedish means "Orm's island", and can be translated also as "Snake island".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vormsi |url=http://www.ttykk.edu.ee/tt/vormsi.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220182827/http://www.ttykk.edu.ee/tt/vormsi.htm |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |access-date=September 5, 2023 |website=ttykk.edu}}</ref> The Estonian name ''Vormsi'' and German ''Worms'' have both been derived from ''Ormsö''.


Vormsi's history as an inhabited island dates back as far as the 13th century. During most of its history, the island has been inhabited by ] ("rannarootslased" in ] or "coastal Swedes" in ]), whose population reached 3,000 before ]. During the war, nearly all of Vormsi's population, along with other Swedes living in Estonia, were evacuated, or fled, to Sweden. The island's current population is approximately 240 inhabitants. The island's population reached 3,000 before ]. During the war, nearly all of Vormsi's population, along with other Swedes living in Estonia, forming the larger region of ], were evacuated, or fled, to Sweden.


==Villages==
The island's Estonian name Vormsi is derived from its ] name Worms or its ] name Ormsö. Swedish influence can also be seen in other place names, as in villages like ] (the administrative center), ] (the main port), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] (Magnushof, formerly Busby<ref></ref>) and ]; and lakes like ]. The villages on the island include: ] (the administrative centre), ] (the main port), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] (Magnushof, formerly Busby<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajalugu |url=http://www.talumuuseum.vormsi.ee/ajalugu.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809053022/http://www.talumuuseum.vormsi.ee/ajalugu.html |archive-date=August 9, 2016 |access-date=December 18, 2016 |website=talumuuseum.vormsi.ee}}</ref>), ] (the main beach area) and ].


⚫ Vormsi is the per capita wealthiest island and region in Estonia outside of the ] metro area, with incomes on the same level as inner Tallinn. This is attributed to the fact that many comparatively wealthy people own summer homes on the island and are registered as residents, so their yearly income tax is forwarded to the island's budget.<ref>{{cite web |date=January 9, 2012 |title=Vormsi vald pealinnaga ühel pulgal |url=http://www.aripaev.ee/uudised/2012/01/09/vormsi-vald-pealinnaga-uhel-pulgal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023000208/https://www.aripaev.ee/uudised/2012/01/09/vormsi-vald-pealinnaga-uhel-pulgal |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |access-date=September 5, 2023 |website=]}}</ref>
==Economy==


⚫ Vormsi has only small businesses with no significant industrial activity. The island earns the majority of its revenues from the taxation on the salaries earned by its residents on the Estonian mainland.
⚫ Vormsi is the per capita wealthiest island and region in ] outside of the ] metro area, with incomes on the same level as inner ] in ]. This is attributed to the fact that many wealthy people own summer homes on the island and are registered as residents, so their yearly income tax is forwarded to the island's budget. <ref></ref>


⚫ The island of Vormsi has homeowners from several countries and regions in Estonia, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland and elsewhere.
⚫ Vormsi has no industrial activity. The island earns the majority of it's revenues from taxation of mainland and overseas income of residents.

==Residents==

⚫ The island of Vormsi has homeowners from several countries: ], ], ], ]

== Name ==

It is believed that a Viking from ] called Orms was the first man to have landed on the island and started a colony. Ormsö in Swedish means "Orm's Island". "Orms" also means "snake" in Swedish.<ref></ref>


==Literature== ==Literature==
* Kanarbik, Madis, ''Ormsö. De estlandssvenska böndernas kamp mot godsägarna under 1700- och 1800-talet'' (Tartu, 2003) * Kanarbik, Madis, ''Ormsö. De estlandssvenska böndernas kamp mot godsägarna under 1700- och 1800-talet'' (Tartu, 2003)
* *



==Gallery== ==Gallery==
<gallery> <gallery>
File:Vormsi sadam 2015.jpg|Vormsi harbor File:Vormsi sadam 2015.jpg|Vormsi harbour (2015)
File:Vormsi tuletorn 29-03-2013.jpg|Saxby lighthouse
File:Lehmihaka.jpg|Paddock, Rälby File:Lehmihaka.jpg|Paddock, Rälby
File:Vormsi-tuulimylly.jpg|Old windmill, Rälby File:Vormsi-tuulimylly.jpg|Old windmill, Rälby
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File:Vormsi-Ormso-Rumpo-muul.jpg|Beach area in ] File:Vormsi-Ormso-Rumpo-muul.jpg|Beach area in ]
File:Vormsi-Rumpo.jpg|Viewing platform in ] peninsula, looking towards ] harbor File:Vormsi-Rumpo.jpg|Viewing platform in ] peninsula, looking towards ] harbor
File:Rookatusega maja Vormsil.jpg|Thatched roof house File:Vormsi kalmistu 02.jpg|Vormsi cemetery
⚫ File:Aurora Borealis in Vormsi, Estonia.jpg|] in Saxby
⚫ File:Vormsi kalmistu 02.jpg|Vormsi cemetery
File:Huitbergi_korallriff.jpg|The Huitberg Coral Reef File:Vormsi Hullo tuulikud.jpg|Windmills in Hullo, 1930s
File:Borbi küla (Borrby), Vormsi saar (Ormsö) SLS 443 22 - 1934.jpg|link=|Aerial photo of the Borrby village, 1934
File:Suvine_loojang_Saxbys.jpg|Sunset in Saxby
File:Ny Dag hyllar Stalin ockupation av Estland.jpg|Swedish communist daily ] headline on 5 September 1940: "The Swedes on Vormsi greet ] and the new regime"
⚫ File:Aurora Borealis in Vormsi, Estonia.jpg|Aurora Borealis in Saxby
⚫ File:Estlandssvenska flyktingar.jpg|Fleeing the Soviet occupation to Sweden, 1944
File:Vormsi_Hullo_tuulikud.jpg|Windmills in Hullo, 1930s
File:Vormsi Parish - panoramio.jpg|Road signs in Hullo
File:Toomas_Hendrik_Ilves_at_Ormsö.JPG|The ], ] in Vormsi in 2010
File:Vormsi kirik 2011.jpg|The 15th century Swedish (now Lutheran) church in Hullo (2011)
File:Klagomännen_från_Ormsö_1861.jpg|] in the 19th century
⚫ File:Vormsi - panoramio (1).jpg|Round crosses in the Vormsi cemetery
⚫ File:Estlandssvenska flyktingar.jpg|Fleeing the Soviet occupation to Sweden (1944)]]
File:Estonia-nordic-cross-flag-02.jpg|A Nordic cross flag used in Vormsi
File:Ormsö Vormsi ferry.jpg|Vormsi is connected with the mainland by MS Ormsö (])

</gallery> </gallery>


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{{Islands of Estonia}} {{Islands of Estonia}}
{{Islands in the Baltic Sea}} {{Islands in the Baltic Sea}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|59|00|N|23|13|E|region:EE_type:city|display=title}}


] ]

Latest revision as of 16:02, 9 November 2024

Island in Estonia
Vormsi
Native name: Ormsö
The lighthouse in Saxby, Vormsi (2013)
Vormsi is located in ScandinaviaVormsiVormsiLocation in the Baltic Sea regionShow map of ScandinaviaVormsi is located in EuropeVormsiVormsiLocation in EuropeShow map of EuropeVormsi is located in EstoniaVormsiVormsiLocation within EstoniaShow map of Estonia
Geography
LocationBaltic Sea
Coordinates59°00′N 23°13′E / 59.000°N 23.217°E / 59.000; 23.217
ArchipelagoWest Estonian archipelago
Area93 km (36 sq mi)
Administration
Estonia
CountyLääne County
Demographics
Population415 (15 October 2011)
Pop. density4.5/km (11.7/sq mi)

Vormsi (Swedish: Ormsö) is the fourth-largest island of Estonia, measuring 92 square kilometres (36 square miles) and a registered population of around 400. It is located in the Baltic Sea, northwest of the mainland and east of Hiiumaa island, and is part of the West Estonian archipelago (Moonsund archipelago).

Administratively the island forms the main part of the Vormsi vald (rural municipality).

History

Local Swedish men of Ormsö (1861)

The documented history of Vormsi dates back as far as the 13th century. During most of this time, the island was inhabited by Estonian Swedes ("rannarootslased" in Estonian or "coastal Swedes" in English). Ormsö in Swedish means "Orm's island", and can be translated also as "Snake island". The Estonian name Vormsi and German Worms have both been derived from Ormsö.

The island's population reached 3,000 before World War II. During the war, nearly all of Vormsi's population, along with other Swedes living in Estonia, forming the larger region of Aiboland, were evacuated, or fled, to Sweden.

Villages

The villages on the island include: Hullo (the administrative centre), Sviby (the main port), Söderby, Norrby, Diby, Rälby, Förby, Borrby, Kärrslätt, Saxby, Suuremõisa (Magnushof, formerly Busby), Rumpo (the main beach area) and Hosby.

Vormsi is the per capita wealthiest island and region in Estonia outside of the Tallinn metro area, with incomes on the same level as inner Tallinn. This is attributed to the fact that many comparatively wealthy people own summer homes on the island and are registered as residents, so their yearly income tax is forwarded to the island's budget.

Vormsi has only small businesses with no significant industrial activity. The island earns the majority of its revenues from the taxation on the salaries earned by its residents on the Estonian mainland.

The island of Vormsi has homeowners from several countries and regions in Estonia, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland and elsewhere.

Literature

Gallery

  • Vormsi harbour (2015) Vormsi harbour (2015)
  • Paddock, Rälby Paddock, Rälby
  • Old windmill, Rälby Old windmill, Rälby
  • Woodsman's cottage, Hullo Woodsman's cottage, Hullo
  • Beach area in Rumpo Beach area in Rumpo
  • Viewing platform in Rumpo peninsula, looking towards Sviby harbor Viewing platform in Rumpo peninsula, looking towards Sviby harbor
  • Vormsi cemetery Vormsi cemetery
  • Aurora borealis in Saxby Aurora borealis in Saxby
  • Windmills in Hullo, 1930s Windmills in Hullo, 1930s
  • Aerial photo of the Borrby village, 1934 Aerial photo of the Borrby village, 1934
  • Swedish communist daily Ny Dag headline on 5 September 1940: "The Swedes on Vormsi greet Stalin and the new regime" Swedish communist daily Ny Dag headline on 5 September 1940: "The Swedes on Vormsi greet Stalin and the new regime"
  • Fleeing the Soviet occupation to Sweden, 1944 Fleeing the Soviet occupation to Sweden, 1944
  • Road signs in Hullo Road signs in Hullo
  • The 15th century Swedish (now Lutheran) church in Hullo (2011) The 15th century Swedish (now Lutheran) church in Hullo (2011)
  • Round crosses in the Vormsi cemetery Round crosses in the Vormsi cemetery
  • A Nordic cross flag used in Vormsi A Nordic cross flag used in Vormsi
  • Vormsi is connected with the mainland by MS Ormsö (:et) Vormsi is connected with the mainland by MS Ormsö (:et)

References

  1. "Vormsi". ttykk.edu. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved September 5, 2023.
  2. "Ajalugu". talumuuseum.vormsi.ee. Archived from the original on August 9, 2016. Retrieved December 18, 2016.
  3. "Vormsi vald pealinnaga ühel pulgal". Äripäev. January 9, 2012. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2023.

External links

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and the Väinameri Sea
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the mainland
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group
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