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| {{Short description|Infraorder of insects}} | |||
| {{Automatic taxobox | {{Automatic taxobox | ||
| | oldest_fossil = Late Jurassic | |||
| | name = Aculeata | |||
| | image = Vespula vulgaris I.jpg | | image = Vespula vulgaris I.jpg | ||
| | image_caption = '']'' | | image_caption = '']'' | ||
| | taxon = Aculeata | | taxon = Aculeata | ||
| | authority = (but see text) | | authority = (but see text) | ||
| | subdivision_ranks = |
| subdivision_ranks = Superfamilies | ||
| | subdivision = | | subdivision = | ||
| ] |
*] | ||
| ] |
*] | ||
| *] | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Aculeata''' is a ] of ]. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ] into a ] |
'''Aculeata''' is a ] of ] containing ]s, ]s, and stinging wasps. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ] into a ]. However, many members of the group cannot sting, either retaining the ovipositor, or having lost it altogether. A large part of the clade is ]. | ||
| This group includes the ] |
This group includes all of the ] ]s. It is theorized that the possession of a venomous sting was important in the repeated ] within Hymenoptera. | ||
| The oldest aculeates are known from the Late Jurassic ] of Kazakhstan, represented by the family ], which may be ] or ].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Grimaldi|first1=David A.|last2=Peñalver|first2=Enrique|last3=Barrón|first3=Eduardo|last4=Herhold|first4=Hollister W.|last5=Engel|first5=Michael S.|date=2019-11-07|title=Direct evidence for eudicot pollen-feeding in a Cretaceous stinging wasp (Angiospermae; Hymenoptera, Aculeata) preserved in Burmese amber|journal=Communications Biology|language=en|volume=2|issue=1|page=408 |doi=10.1038/s42003-019-0652-7|pmid=31728419 |pmc=6838090 |issn=2399-3642|doi-access=free}}</ref> | |||
| ==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
| The use of the name Aculeata has a long history at the rank of ] or division. The Aculeata are a ], or good natural group, containing all the descendants of a single common ancestor. The Aculeata are therefore maintained as a ], either at infraorder or division rank or as an unranked ]. | |||
| The use of the name Aculeata has a long history at the rank of ] or division. The Aculeata are a ], or good natural group, containing all the descendants of a single common ancestor. The Aculeata are therefore maintained as a ], either at infraorder or division rank or as an unranked ].<ref name=phylo>{{cite journal|journal=Current Biology|volume=23|issue=20|pages=1–5| year=2013|doi= 10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050|pmid=24094856| title=Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps| last1=Johnson|first1=Brian R. |first2=Marek L. |last2=Borowiec| first3=Joanna C.|last3=Chiu| first4=Ernest K.|last4=Lee|first5=Joel |last5=Atallah |first6=Philip S. |last6=Ward|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="BranstetterDanforth2017">{{cite journal |last1=Branstetter |first1=Michael G. |last2=Danforth |first2=Bryan N. |last3=Pitts |first3=James P. |last4=Faircloth |first4=Brant C. |last5=Ward |first5=Philip S. |last6=Buffington |first6=Matthew L. |last7=Gates |first7=Michael W. |last8=Kula |first8=Robert R. |last9=Brady |first9=Seán G.|title=Phylogenomic Insights into the Evolution of Stinging Wasps and the Origins of Ants and Bees |journal=Current Biology |volume=27 |issue=7 |year=2017 |pages=1019–1025 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.027|pmid=28376325 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Schulmeister, S. |date=2003 |title=Simultaneous analysis of basal Hymenoptera (Insecta), introducing robust-choice sensitivity analysis |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=79 |issue=2 |pages=245–275 |doi=10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00233.x|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Schulmeister |first1=S. |title=Symphyta |url=http://susanne.schulmeister.com/Symphyta.html |access-date=28 November 2016 |archive-date=21 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621021510/http://susanne.schulmeister.com/Symphyta.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Peters>{{Cite journal |last1=Peters |first1=Ralph S. |last2=Krogmann |first2=Lars |last3=Mayer |first3=Christoph |last4=Donath |first4=Alexander |last5=Gunkel |first5=Simon |last6=Meusemann |first6=Karen |last7=Kozlov |first7=Alexey |last8=Podsiadlowski |first8=Lars |last9=Petersen |first9=Malte |title=Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera |journal=Current Biology |volume=27 |issue=7 |pages=1013–1018 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027|pmid=28343967 |year=2017 |doi-access=free |hdl=2434/801122 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> | |||
| Among the parasitic wasps, the ] seem particularly closely related to the Aculeata. If taxonomic ranks are used, it may, therefore, be best{{says who?|date=April 2017}} to treat the latter as a division and divide the Apocrita into some six infraorders representing lineages of about equal standing, one of which would unite the Aculeata and the Ichneumonoidea. | |||
| ⚫ | {{clade|style=font-size: 100%; line-height:100% | ||
| Having the same taxonomic rank does not imply equal evolutionary standing, whereas placement in the same higher-ranked taxon ideally does, or at least implies that regardless of what specific rank they have, the lower-ranked taxa are all part of the same ]. Therefore, were the Aculeata and the Ichneumonoidea to be placed in an infraorder, the former would still be considered a division and the latter a superfamily. Despite having different ranks, they would be members of the same taxon and sister lineages.{{citation needed|date=April 2017}} | |||
| |label1=] | |||
| {{cladogram| | |||
| ⚫ | |1={{clade | ||
| |caption=<center><small>Phylogenetic tree of Aculeata.<ref name=phylo>{{cite journal|journal=Current Biology|volume=23|pages=1–5| year=2013|doi= 10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050|pmid=24094856| title=Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps| last1=Johnson|first1=Brian R.|first2=Marek L.|last2=Borowiec| first3=Joanna C.|last3=Chiu| first4=Ernest K.|last4=Lee|first5=Joel|last5=Atallah|first6=Philip S.|last6=Ward}}</ref></small></center> | |||
| |1=] ] | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| |sublabel2='']ism'' | |||
| |label1=Aculeata | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| |1=] | |||
| |label2= | |||
| ⚫ | |2={{clade | ||
| |label1= | |||
| ⚫ | |1={{clade | ||
| |1=] | |||
| ⚫ | |2=] | ||
| ⚫ | }} | ||
| |label2= | |||
| |2={{clade | |2={{clade | ||
| |1=] (wood wasps) ] | |||
| |label1= | |||
| ⚫ | |label2=''']''' | ||
| ⚫ | | |
||
| | |
|sublabel2= ''wasp waist '' | ||
| |2= |
|2={{clade | ||
| |1=] ] | |||
| ⚫ | }} | ||
| | |
|2={{clade | ||
| |1=] ] | |||
| ⚫ | |2={{clade | ||
| | |
|2={{clade | ||
| |1=''non-stinging wasps'' ] | |||
| ⚫ | |label2= |
||
| |label2='''Aculeata''' | |||
| ⚫ | |2={{clade | ||
| |sublabel2= ''stinger '' | |||
| |1=] | |||
| |2= |
|2={{clade | ||
| |1= ] (jewel wasps) ] | |||
| ⚫ | }} | ||
| ⚫ | |2={{clade | ||
| }} | |||
| ⚫ | |1={{clade | ||
| |1=] (yellowjackets, paper wasps, hornets) ] | |||
| ⚫ | |2=] | ||
| }} | |||
| ⚫ | |2={{clade | ||
| |1=], ], ], etc ] | |||
| ⚫ | |2={{clade | ||
| |1=] | |||
| ⚫ | |2={{clade | ||
| |1=] (ants) ] | |||
| |2=] (bees and ]) ] | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| ⚫ | }} | ||
| ⚫ | }} | ||
| ⚫ | }} | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist|30em}} | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| {{Refimprove|date=September 2007}} | |||
| * : Aculeata | * : Aculeata | ||
| * :Aculeata | * Bugguide.net: Aculeata | ||
| * | |||
| {{Hymenoptera|2}} | {{Hymenoptera|2}} | ||
| {{Taxonbar|from=Q1251421}} | |||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 04:50, 13 September 2024
Infraorder of insects
| Aculeata Temporal range: Late Jurassic–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N | |
|---|---|
| |
| Vespula vulgaris | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Suborder: | Apocrita |
| Infraorder: | Aculeata (but see text) |
| Superfamilies | |
Aculeata is a subclade of Hymenoptera containing ants, bees, and stinging wasps. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ovipositor into a stinger. However, many members of the group cannot sting, either retaining the ovipositor, or having lost it altogether. A large part of the clade is parasitic.
This group includes all of the eusocial Hymenopterans. It is theorized that the possession of a venomous sting was important in the repeated evolution of eusociality within Hymenoptera.
The oldest aculeates are known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan, represented by the family Bethylonymidae, which may be para- or polyphyletic.
Classification
The use of the name Aculeata has a long history at the rank of infraorder or division. The Aculeata are a monophyletic, or good natural group, containing all the descendants of a single common ancestor. The Aculeata are therefore maintained as a taxon, either at infraorder or division rank or as an unranked clade.
| Hymenoptera |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- Grimaldi, David A.; Peñalver, Enrique; Barrón, Eduardo; Herhold, Hollister W.; Engel, Michael S. (2019-11-07). "Direct evidence for eudicot pollen-feeding in a Cretaceous stinging wasp (Angiospermae; Hymenoptera, Aculeata) preserved in Burmese amber". Communications Biology. 2 (1): 408. doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0652-7. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 6838090. PMID 31728419.
- Johnson, Brian R.; Borowiec, Marek L.; Chiu, Joanna C.; Lee, Ernest K.; Atallah, Joel; Ward, Philip S. (2013). "Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps". Current Biology. 23 (20): 1–5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050. PMID 24094856.
- Branstetter, Michael G.; Danforth, Bryan N.; Pitts, James P.; Faircloth, Brant C.; Ward, Philip S.; Buffington, Matthew L.; Gates, Michael W.; Kula, Robert R.; Brady, Seán G. (2017). "Phylogenomic Insights into the Evolution of Stinging Wasps and the Origins of Ants and Bees". Current Biology. 27 (7): 1019–1025. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.027. PMID 28376325.
- Schulmeister, S. (2003). "Simultaneous analysis of basal Hymenoptera (Insecta), introducing robust-choice sensitivity analysis". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 79 (2): 245–275. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00233.x.
- Schulmeister, S. "Symphyta". Archived from the original on 21 June 2010. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
- Peters, Ralph S.; Krogmann, Lars; Mayer, Christoph; Donath, Alexander; Gunkel, Simon; Meusemann, Karen; Kozlov, Alexey; Podsiadlowski, Lars; Petersen, Malte (2017). "Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera". Current Biology. 27 (7): 1013–1018. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027. hdl:2434/801122. PMID 28343967.
External links
- Tree of Life Web Project: Aculeata
- Bugguide.net: Aculeata
- Johnson, B. et al. Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps. NCBI
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Aculeata | |