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{{Short description|Historical division of the provinces of Sweden into three groups}}
{{unreferenced|date=February 2012}}
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The '''lands of Sweden''' ({{lang-sv|Sveriges landsdelar}}) are three traditional parts, essentially three collectives of ], in ]. These "lands" have no administrative function, and there is no official designation for this subdivision level. Most commonly they are called "''landsdelar''", which simply translates to "parts of the country". The '''lands of Sweden''' ({{langx|sv|Sveriges landsdelar}}) are three traditional and ]s of the country, each consisting of several ]. The division into lands goes back to the foundation of modern Sweden, when '']'', the land of the ], merged with '']'', the land of the ], to form the country, while '']'' and '']'' (the latter now ]) were added later. The lands have no administrative function but are still seen by many Swedes as an important part of their identity.


==Subdivision== ==Subdivision==
* ''']''' (''Gothenland'' or ''Gothia'', "Land of the ]") is the southern, most densely populated part, consisting of ten provinces. * ''']''' (''Gothenland'' or ''Gothia'', "Land of the ]") is the southernmost, most densely populated part, consisting of ten provinces.
* ''']''' (''Swealand'', "Land of the ]") is the central part, named after the historic ], which is the smallest of the three parts with six provinces; the capital and administrative centre of Sweden has been situated here at least since the late Middle Ages. * ''']''' (''Swealand'', "Land of the ]") is the central, and smallest of the three lands, with six provinces; the administrative centre of Sweden has been situated here at least since the late Middle Ages.
* ''']''' (literally "Northlands") is the northern part, which is the largest of the three parts, covering 60 percent of the total Swedish territory with nine provinces. The three northernmost provinces are sometimes called Övre (''Upper'') Norrland while the rest of the provinces are then called Nedre (''Lower'') Norrland. * ''']''' (literally "Northland") is the northernmost, and largest, of the three lands, covering 60 percent of the total land area of Sweden, with nine provinces. The three northernmost provinces are often referred to as ''Övre (Upper) Norrland'', while the rest of the provinces are referred to as ''Nedre (Lower) Norrland''.


Although they have no administrative functions and no coats of arms, these three subdivisions are used in weather reports. Their boundaries can therefore be seen on weather maps on television and in the press. The lands have no administrative functions{{Efn|Although the ] are named in part after Lands, their jurisdictions overlap, but do not match that of the Lands.}} or coats of arms, but are in common use when referring to different parts of the country, including in all nationwide weather reports in Swedish media.


Areas and populations of the ''lands'': Areas and populations of the ''lands'':


{| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable sortable"
!rowspan=2| Land
⚫ ! Land !! Population<br />(2016)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/befolkning/befolkningens-sammansattning/befolkningsstatistik/pong/tabell-och-diagram/helarsstatistik--forsamling-landskap-och-stad/folkmangd-i-landskapen-den-31-december-2016/ |title=Folkmängd i landskapen den 31 december 2016 |date=2017-03-21 |publisher=] |language=Swedish |access-date=2017-11-24}}</ref> !! Area<br />(km²) !! Number of provinces !! Provinces
!rowspan=2| ] (billion ]
⚫ !rowspan=2| Population<br />(2021)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/befolkning/befolkningens-sammansattning/befolkningsstatistik/pong/tabell-och-diagram/helarsstatistik--forsamling-landskap-och-stad/folkmangd-i-landskapen-den-31-december-2021// |title=Folkmängd i landskapen den 31 december 2021 |date= |publisher=] |language=sv |access-date=23 August 2022 |archive-date=23 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823180204/https://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/befolkning/befolkningens-sammansattning/befolkningsstatistik/pong/tabell-och-diagram/helarsstatistik--forsamling-landskap-och-stad/folkmangd-i-landskapen-den-31-december-2021// |url-status=live }}</ref>
!colspan=2| Area
!colspan=2| ]
!rowspan=2| Num. of<br>prov.
!rowspan=2| Provinces
|- |-
!km<sup>2</sup>
| Götaland || align="right"|4,776,001 || align="right"|97,841 || align="center"|10 || ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]
!sq mi
!per km<sup>2</sup>
!per sq mi
|- |-
| Svealand || align="right"|4,044,083 || align="right"|91,098 || align="center"|6 || ], ], ], ], ] and ] | Götaland || align="right"|1,812.447 || align="right"|4,995,764 ||{{convert|97,841|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} || {{convert|51|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} || align="center"|10 || ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]
|- |-
| Norrland || align="right"|1,175,039 || align="right"|261,292 || align="center"|9 || ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ] | Svealand || align="right"|1,960.351 || align="right"|4,268,504 ||{{convert|91,098|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} || {{convert|47|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} || align="center"|6 || ], ], ], ], ] and ]
|-
| Norrland || align="right"|427.062 || align="right"|1,188,031 ||{{convert|261,292|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} || {{convert|4.5|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} ||align="center"|9|| ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]
|} |}


==Historical lands== ==Historical lands==
] ]
] was historically divided into the four lands: ''']''' (with exception of ], ], ] and ] until the 17th Century), ''']''', ''']''' and ''']'''. Large parts of Norrland was only habitated by the ] and the border towards Norway was unclear in the far north. ] was historically divided into the four lands: ''']''' (with exception of ], ], ] and ] until the 17th century), ''']''', ''']''' and ''']'''. Large parts of Norrland were only inhabited by the ] and the border towards Norway was unclear in the far north.


* Österland (literally ''Eastlands'') is an old name for southern ]. The term has been obsolete since the 15th&nbsp;century and is virtually unknown in Sweden today. In most dictionaries, "österlandet" simply means ''the orient''. * Österland (literally ''Eastland'') is an old name for southern ]. The term has been obsolete since the 15th&nbsp;century and is virtually unknown in Sweden today. In most dictionaries, "österlandet" simply means ''the orient''.
* Norrland was the name for the annexed lands to the north on both sides of the ]. * Norrland was the name for the annexed lands to the north on both sides of the ].
* In ], Sweden was largely restricted to ] and southern ], while ] is mentioned in legends as a rival kingdom, and traditions of ] survive in the Anglo-Saxon epic '']''. Eventually, the two countries were united under one crown by the Swedish kings at some time between 550–1200 (the date is a matter of debate). * In ], Sweden was largely limited to ] and southern ], while ] was mentioned as a rival kingdom, and stories of ] survive in the Anglo-Saxon epic '']''. Eventually, the two countries were united under one crown, though it is a matter of debate when, as historians have claimed that it happened as early as the 6th century AD and as late as the 13th century AD.
⚫ In the ] ] ceded the Norwegian provinces of Jämtland and Härjedalen to Sweden. These provinces are part of Norrland. In the ] (1658), Denmark-Norway ceded Scania, Blekinge and Halland (]) and Bohuslän to Sweden. These provinces are since then part of Götaland.


⚫ After the ] (1808–1809), the eastern part of Sweden was ceded to ], thus becoming the ]n ], with ''Norrland'' divided between these two states. The Swedish portion of Norrland still represents more than half of Sweden's territory; it remains, however, sparsely populated compared to the south and middle.
⚫ In the ] ] ceded the Norwegian provinces of Jämtland and Härjedalen to Sweden. These provinces are counted as part of Norrland. In the ] (1658), Denmark-Norway ceded Scania, Blekinge and Halland (]) and Bohuslän to Sweden. These provinces are since then counted as parts of Götaland.

⚫ After the ] (1808–1809), the eastern part of Sweden was ceded to ], thus becoming the ]n ], with ''Norrland'' divided between these two states. The Swedish portion of Norrland still represents more than half of Sweden's territory; it remains, however, sparsely populated compared to the south and middle. The town of ], which earlier had been at the centre of the medieval provinces of Sweden, now is situated on the eastern edge of the realm.


==See also== ==See also==
* ]
⚫ * ]
⚫ * ]
⚫ * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
⚫ * ]
* ] * ]
⚫ * ]
⚫ * ]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Notes ==
<references group="lower-alpha"></references>


==External links== ==External links==
{{commons-inline|Category:Lands of Sweden}} {{commons-inline}}
* - Official site of The National Courts Administration


{{Lands of Sweden}} {{Lands of Sweden}}
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] ]
] ]
] ]

Latest revision as of 04:23, 30 October 2024

Historical division of the provinces of Sweden into three groups
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The three lands of Sweden

The lands of Sweden (Swedish: Sveriges landsdelar) are three traditional and historical regions of the country, each consisting of several provinces. The division into lands goes back to the foundation of modern Sweden, when Götaland, the land of the Geats, merged with Svealand, the land of the Swedes, to form the country, while Norrland and Österland (the latter now Finland) were added later. The lands have no administrative function but are still seen by many Swedes as an important part of their identity.

Subdivision

  • Götaland (Gothenland or Gothia, "Land of the Geats") is the southernmost, most densely populated part, consisting of ten provinces.
  • Svealand (Swealand, "Land of the Swedes") is the central, and smallest of the three lands, with six provinces; the administrative centre of Sweden has been situated here at least since the late Middle Ages.
  • Norrland (literally "Northland") is the northernmost, and largest, of the three lands, covering 60 percent of the total land area of Sweden, with nine provinces. The three northernmost provinces are often referred to as Övre (Upper) Norrland, while the rest of the provinces are referred to as Nedre (Lower) Norrland.

The lands have no administrative functions or coats of arms, but are in common use when referring to different parts of the country, including in all nationwide weather reports in Swedish media.

Areas and populations of the lands:

Land GDP (billion SEK Population
(2021) 		Area Density Num. of
prov. 		Provinces
km sq mi per km per sq mi
Götaland 1,812.447 4,995,764 97,841 37,777 51 130 10 Scania, Blekinge, Halland, Småland, Öland, Gotland, Östergötland, Västergötland, Dalsland and Bohuslän
Svealand 1,960.351 4,268,504 91,098 35,173 47 120 6 Södermanland, Uppland, Västmanland, Närke, Värmland and Dalarna
Norrland 427.062 1,188,031 261,292 100,885 4.5 12 9 Gästrikland, Hälsingland, Härjedalen, Jämtland, Medelpad, Ångermanland, Västerbotten, Norrbotten and Lappland

Historical lands

The former lands of Sweden

Sweden was historically divided into the four lands: Götaland (with exception of Scania, Blekinge, Halland and Bohuslän until the 17th century), Svealand, Norrland and Österland. Large parts of Norrland were only inhabited by the Sami people and the border towards Norway was unclear in the far north.

  • Österland (literally Eastland) is an old name for southern Finland. The term has been obsolete since the 15th century and is virtually unknown in Sweden today. In most dictionaries, "österlandet" simply means the orient.
  • Norrland was the name for the annexed lands to the north on both sides of the Gulf of Bothnia.
  • In Sweden's prehistoric times, Sweden was largely limited to Svealand and southern Norrland, while Götaland was mentioned as a rival kingdom, and stories of Swedish-Geatish wars survive in the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf. Eventually, the two countries were united under one crown, though it is a matter of debate when, as historians have claimed that it happened as early as the 6th century AD and as late as the 13th century AD.

In the Second Treaty of Brömsebro (1645) Denmark-Norway ceded the Norwegian provinces of Jämtland and Härjedalen to Sweden. These provinces are part of Norrland. In the Treaty of Roskilde (1658), Denmark-Norway ceded Scania, Blekinge and Halland (Skåneland) and Bohuslän to Sweden. These provinces are since then part of Götaland.

After the Finnish War (1808–1809), the eastern part of Sweden was ceded to Russia, thus becoming the Imperial Russian Grand Duchy of Finland, with Norrland divided between these two states. The Swedish portion of Norrland still represents more than half of Sweden's territory; it remains, however, sparsely populated compared to the south and middle.

See also

References

  1. "Folkmängd i landskapen den 31 december 2021" (in Swedish). Statistics Sweden. Archived from the original on 23 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022.

Notes

  1. Although the Courts of appeal in Sweden are named in part after Lands, their jurisdictions overlap, but do not match that of the Lands.

External links

Media related to Lands of Sweden at Wikimedia Commons

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