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{{Short description|In the Hebrew Bible, the mother of Amasa}}
'''Abigail''' ({{Hebrew Name 2|אֲבִיגַיִל|אֲבִיגָיִל|Avigîyil||ʾĂḇîḡáyil|ʾĂḇîḡāyil|"her Father's joy" or "fountain of joy"}}) is a character in the ]. She was the mother of ], the commander-in-chief of ]'s army (2 Samuel 17:25).<ref name=EB>{{cite encyclopedia |editor-first=Dale H. |editor-last=Hoiberg|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |title=Abigail|edition = 15th |year=2010|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. |volume=I: A-ak Bayes |location=Chicago, IL |isbn=978-1-59339-837-8|pages=32}}</ref> According to the ], '''Abigail''' ({{langx|he|אֲבִיגַיִל|ʾAḇīḡayīl}}) was the mother of ], the commander-in-chief of ]'s army (2 Samuel 17:25).<ref name=EB>{{cite encyclopedia |editor-first=Dale H. |editor-last=Hoiberg |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |title=Abigail |edition=15th |year=2010 |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. |volume=I: A-ak Bayes |location=Chicago, IL |isbn=978-1-59339-837-8 |pages= |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/32 }}</ref>


⚫ ] 17:25 refers to Abigail as a sister of ] and therefore an aunt to ].<ref>{{bibleverse|2|Samuel|17:25|NKJV}}</ref> In the ] ({{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|2:13–16|KJV}}), Abigail and Zeruiah are referred to as sisters to ].<ref>{{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|2:13–16|NKJV}}</ref> The ] of {{bibleverse|2|Samuel|17:25|KJV}} calls Abigail the daughter of Nahash. While it is possible that ]'s wife had first married been to Nahash (and Abigail was David's half-sister), scholars think that ''Nahash'' is a ],<ref name=Peake>'']''</ref> based on the appearance of the name two verses later.<ref name=Peake/><ref>{{bibleverse|2 Samuel|17:27|KJV}}</ref>
==Family==
⚫ {{bibleverse|2|Samuel|17:25}} refers to Abigail as a sister of ], and therefore an aunt to ]. In {{bibleverse|1|Chronicles|2:13–16|}}, Abigail and Zeruiah are referred to as sisters to ]. It does not explicitly say that they are also daughters of ], and the ] of 2 Samuel 17:25 calls Abigail the daughter of Nahash. While it is possible that ]'s wife had first married to Nahash (and Abigail was David's half-sister), scholars think that ''Nahash'' is a ],<ref name=Peake>'']''</ref><ref name=Jewish>''Jewish Encyclopedia''</ref> based on the appearance of the name two verses later.<ref name=Peake/><ref>{{bibleverse|2|Samuel|17:27|}}</ref>


According to the medieval commentator ], "Nahash" refers to Jesse. Because he never sinned, he only died because of Adam's sin with the ], so he was called Nahash, meaning ''serpent''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sefaria.org/Rashi_on_II_Samuel.17.25?lang=bi|title=Rashi on II Samuel 17:25|access-date=2018-06-29|archive-date=2018-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629160619/https://www.sefaria.org/Rashi_on_II_Samuel.17.25?lang=bi|url-status=live}}</ref>
⚫ In the ], Amasa's father is ''Jether the ],''<ref>{{bibleverse|1|Chronicles|2:17|}}</ref> but in the ], Amasa's father is ''Ithra the ]'' ({{bibleverse|2|Samuel|17:25}}); scholars think that the latter case is more likely.<ref name=Jewish/>


⚫ In Chronicles, Amasa's father is ''Jether the ],''<ref>{{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|2:17|KJV}}</ref> but in the ], Amasa's father is ''Ithra the ]'';<ref>{{bibleverse|2 Samuel|17:25|KJV}}</ref> scholars think that the latter case is more likely.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}}
⚫ ] and ] suggest that Abigail, mother of Amasa may, in fact, be the same ] who became David's wife.<ref>] and ], "The Political Import of David's Marriages," '']'' 99 511–512.</ref> ], however, points out that "on the basis of the ], references to Abigail in the biblical accounts indicate two different individuals."<ref>{{cite book|last=Davidson|first=Richard M.|author-link=Richard M. Davidson|title=Flame of Yahweh: A Theology of Sexuality in the Old Testament|year=2007|publisher=Hendrickson|page=444}}</ref>

⚫ ] and ] suggest that Abigail, mother of Amasa may, in fact, be the same ] who became David's wife.<ref>] and ], "The Political Import of David's Marriages," '']'' 99 511–512.</ref> ], however, points out that "on the basis of the ], references to Abigail in the biblical accounts indicate two different individuals."<ref>{{cite book|last=Davidson|first=Richard M.|author-link=Richard M. Davidson|title=Flame of Yahweh: A Theology of Sexuality in the Old Testament|url=https://archive.org/details/flameyahwehsexua00davi|url-access=limited|year=2007|publisher=Hendrickson|page=|isbn=9781565638471}}</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}


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Latest revision as of 14:36, 3 November 2024

In the Hebrew Bible, the mother of Amasa

According to the Hebrew Bible, Abigail (Hebrew: אֲבִיגַיִל, romanized: ʾAḇīḡayīl) was the mother of Amasa, the commander-in-chief of Absalom's army (2 Samuel 17:25).

2 Samuel 17:25 refers to Abigail as a sister of Zeruiah and therefore an aunt to Joab. In the Books of Chronicles (1 Chronicles 2:13–16), Abigail and Zeruiah are referred to as sisters to David. The Masoretic Text of 2 Samuel 17:25 calls Abigail the daughter of Nahash. While it is possible that Jesse's wife had first married been to Nahash (and Abigail was David's half-sister), scholars think that Nahash is a typographic error, based on the appearance of the name two verses later.

According to the medieval commentator Rashi, "Nahash" refers to Jesse. Because he never sinned, he only died because of Adam's sin with the serpent, so he was called Nahash, meaning serpent.

In Chronicles, Amasa's father is Jether the Ishmaelite, but in the Books of Samuel, Amasa's father is Ithra the Israelite; scholars think that the latter case is more likely.

Jon Levenson and Baruch Halpern suggest that Abigail, mother of Amasa may, in fact, be the same Abigail who became David's wife. Richard M. Davidson, however, points out that "on the basis of the final form of the OT canon, references to Abigail in the biblical accounts indicate two different individuals."

References

  1. Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). "Abigail". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. I: A-ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp. 32. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
  2. 2 Samuel 17:25
  3. 1 Chronicles 2:13–16
  4. ^ Peake's commentary on the Bible
  5. 2 Samuel 17:27
  6. "Rashi on II Samuel 17:25". Archived from the original on 2018-06-29. Retrieved 2018-06-29.
  7. 1 Chronicles 2:17
  8. 2 Samuel 17:25
  9. Jon D. Levenson and Baruch Halpern, "The Political Import of David's Marriages," JBL 99 511–512.
  10. Davidson, Richard M. (2007). Flame of Yahweh: A Theology of Sexuality in the Old Testament. Hendrickson. p. 444. ISBN 9781565638471.
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