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| '''Living dinosaur''' may refer to: | |||
| '''Living dinosaurs''' are non-] ]s that are claimed to have survived the ]. The term is used in the scientific fields of ] and ], as well as the ]s of ] and ], to refer to different creatures. In paleontology, all non-avian dinosaurs are believed to have gone extinct during the K–Pg extinction event, {{period start|Paleogene}} million years ago, but there is some scattered evidence that some may have survived into the ]. These ] are referred to as living dinosaurs. In biology, the term is sometimes used to describe birds, which are the only living ] of dinosaurs today. In cryptozoology, where the term is often used, it refers to any legendary or folkloric creature that resembles a species of dinosaur, pterosaur, or plesiosaur (such as the ]), which cryptozoologists allege to have survived into modern times. Excluding a few controversial claims, scientists agree that all non-avian dinosaurs became extinct at the K–Pg boundary. | |||
| *]s, the only known living dinosaurs | |||
| *], extant taxa that closely resemble organisms otherwise known only from the fossil record | |||
| ==In paleontology== | |||
| *], non-avian dinosaurs alleged to have survived into the beginning of the Paleocene epoch | |||
| {{main article|Paleocene dinosaurs}} | |||
| *], in beliefs adherent to the pseudosciences of ] and ], such as the ]. | |||
| In paleontology, a living dinosaur is a dinosaur which is claimed to have survived the K–Pg extinction event, {{period start|Paleogene}} million years ago, into the Paleocene epoch.{{cn|date=May 2018}} The fossils of these "]", are found above the ]. Although almost all evidence indicates that non-avian dinosaurs became extinct at the K–Pg boundary, there is some scattered evidence that some non-avian dinosaurs lived for a short period of time during the Paleocene epoch, supporting the claim that the event that caused the extinction of the dinosaurs was not sudden, but rather gradual.<ref name="Fassett"/> Their arguments are based on the finding of dinosaur remains in the ] up to {{convert|1.3|m|ft|abbr=on}} above, therefore 40,000 years later than the K–Pg boundary.<ref name="Fassett">{{cite journal|url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/impact2000/pdf/3139.pdf|title=Compelling new evidence for Paleocene dinosaurs in the Ojo Alamo Sandstone, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado, USA|author=Fassett, JE, Lucas, SG, Zielinski, RA, and Budahn, JR|year=2001|journal=Catastrophic events and mass extinctions, Lunar and Planetary Contribution|volume=1053|pages=45–46|accessdate=2007-05-18}}</ref><ref name="Gradual">{{cite journal|author=Sloan, R. E., Rigby, K,. Van Valen, L. M., Gabriel, Diane|year=1986|title=Gradual dinosaur extinction and simultaneous ungulate radiation in the Hell Creek formation|journal=Science|volume=232|issue=4750|pages=629–633|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/232/4750/629|doi=10.1126/science.232.4750.629|accessdate=2007-05-18|pmid=17781415|bibcode = 1986Sci...232..629S }}</ref> | |||
| *], the subject of a story by French writer Georges Dupuy | |||
| ==In general biology== | |||
| {{main article|Origin of birds}} | |||
| ]'', a ] between dinosaurs and modern birds.]] | |||
| In ], "living dinosaurs" are ].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Norell |first=Mark |author2=Mick Ellison |year=2005 |title=Unearthing the Dragon: The Great Feathered Dinosaur Discovery |location=New York | |||
| |publisher=Pi Press |isbn=0-13-186266-9|pages=}}</ref> The designation arises from the evolutionary lineage of birds as the only clade of dinosaurs to have survived the K–Pg extinction event.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Prum|first=Richard O. Prum|title=Who's Your Daddy|journal=Science|volume=322|pages=1799–1800|year=2008|doi=10.1126/science.1168808|pmid=19095929|issue=5909}}</ref> More specifically, they are members of ], a group of ] that includes ]s and ], among others.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Paul |first=Gregory S. |authorlink=Gregory S. Paul |chapter=Looking for the True Bird Ancestor |year=2002 |title=Dinosaurs of the Air: The Evolution and Loss of Flight in Dinosaurs and Birds |location=Baltimore | |||
| |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=0-8018-6763-0 | |||
| |pages=171–224}}</ref><ref name=Xiaotingia>{{cite journal |title=An ''Archaeopteryx''-like theropod from China and the origin of Avialae |url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v475/n7357/full/nature10288.html |date=28 July 2011 |journal=Nature |volume=475 |pages=465–470 |doi=10.1038/nature10288 |issue=7357 |author1=Xing Xu |author2=Hailu You |author3=Kai Du |author4=Fenglu Han |pmid=21796204}}</ref> | |||
| ==In cryptozoology== | |||
| In cryptozoology, a "living dinosaur" is any legendary or folkloric creature that resembles the dinosaurs, which cryptozoologists allege are dinosaurs that have survived into modern times. Excluding a few controversial claims, scientists agree that all non-avian dinosaurs became extinct at the K–Pg boundary.<ref name=Fastovsky05>{{cite journal |last=Fastovsky |first=David E. |author2=Sheehan, Peter M. |year=2005 |title=The Extinction of the Dinosaurs in North America |journal=GSA Today |volume=15 |page=11 | url=http://www.geosociety.org/gsatoday/archive/15/3/pdf/i1052-5173-15-3-4.pdf | doi=10.1130/1052-5173(2005)015<4:TEOTDI>2.0.CO;2 |accessdate=2010-08-21 |issue=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Fastovsky |first=David E. |author2=Sheehan, Peter M. |year=2005 |title=Reply to Comment on 'The Extinction of the Dinosaurs in North America' |journal=GSA Today |volume=15 |page=11 | url=http://www.geosociety.org/gsatoday/archive/15/7/pdf/i1052-5173-15-7-11b.pdf | doi= 10.1130/1052-5173(2005)0152.0.co;2|accessdate=2010-08-21}}</ref> or, at most, a few hundred thousand years after, in the early Paleocene.<ref name="Fassett"/><ref name="Sloan">{{cite journal|author1=Sloan, Robert E. |author2=Rigby, Keith |author3=Van Valen, Leigh M. |author4=Gabriel, Diane |year=1986|title=Gradual Dinosaur Extinction and Simultaneous Ungulate Radiation in the Hell Creek Formation|journal=Science|volume=232|issue=4750|pages=629–633|doi=10.1126/science.232.4750.629|pmid=17781415|bibcode = 1986Sci...232..629S }}</ref> There is no evidence that any non-avian dinosaurs survived beyond the ],<ref name=Fastovsky05/><ref name=SGL00>{{cite book | last=Lucas |first=Spencer G. |authorlink=Spencer G. Lucas |year=2000 |title=Dinosaurs: The Textbook |edition=3rd |location=Boston |publisher=McGraw-Hill |page=237 |isbn=0-07-303642-0 }}</ref> and there are strong arguments against the survival of populations of large dinosaurs. | |||
| Alleged living dinosaurs are typically based on interpretations of regional ], alleged eyewitness sightings, legends, unverified physical evidence (like footprints), and works of ] that supposedly depict dinosaurs.<ref name=Mackal>{{cite book|last=Mackal|first=Roy|title=A Living Dinosaur?: In Search of Mokele-Mbembe|year=1987|publisher=Brill Archive|location=United States of America|isbn= 9789004085435|pages=3–6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rdQUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA250&dq=living+dinosaur&hl=fil&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4}}</ref> | |||
| Some cryptozoologists and ] claim that ] evidence supports the existence of living dinosaurs,<ref name=ld>{{cite web|title=Dinosaurs in Archaeology|url=http://www.forbidden-history.com/dinosaurs-in-archaeology.html|work=Forbidden History|publisher=Restoring Genesis|accessdate=July 27, 2013}}</ref> and that several archaeological artifacts, old writings, ]s and ancient folklores were based on the idea that man and dinosaurs lived beside each other. However, archeologists, biologists, and other fields of science do not support this idea, and the field of cryptozoology is an example of pseudoscience.<ref name="Skepdic">{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/crypto.html|title=The Skeptic's Dictionary|last=Carroll|first=Robert T.|date=1994–2009|accessdate=26 August 2010}}</ref><ref name="skeptic-encyclopedia">{{cite book|last1=Shermer|first1=Michael |last2=Linse|first2=Pat |title=The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience|url=https://books.google.com/?id=Gr4snwg7iaEC&pg=PA71|year=2002|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=1-57607-653-9}}</ref><ref name="Birx2009">{{cite book|author=]|title=Encyclopedia of time: science, philosophy, theology, & culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b3ddWSxmi9cC&pg=PA251|accessdate=2 September 2011|date=6 January 2009|publisher=SAGE|isbn=978-1-4129-4164-8|pages=251–}}</ref> | |||
| With no fossil evidence supporting the existence of ] dinosaurs, save for the few controversial discoveries limited to the early Paleocene,<ref name="Fassett"/><ref name="Sloan"/> ]s and evolutionary scientists have not supported the existence of living dinosaurs.<ref name=TRHJ07>{{cite book |last=Holtz |first=Thomas R., Jr. |authorlink=Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. |year=2007 |title=] |publisher=Random House |location=New York |pages=363–364 |isbn=978-0-375-82419-7}}</ref> | |||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
| *], a taxon that disappears from the fossil record only to appear again later | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist|2}} | |||
| {{Cryptozoology}} | |||
| {{disambiguation}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Living Dinosaur (Cryptozoology)}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 03:35, 12 July 2024
Living dinosaur may refer to:
- Birds, the only known living dinosaurs
- Living fossils, extant taxa that closely resemble organisms otherwise known only from the fossil record
- Paleocene dinosaurs, non-avian dinosaurs alleged to have survived into the beginning of the Paleocene epoch
- Living dinosaurs, in beliefs adherent to the pseudosciences of cryptozoology and young Earth creationism, such as the Mokele-mbembe.
- Partridge Creek monster, the subject of a story by French writer Georges Dupuy
See also
- Lazarus taxon, a taxon that disappears from the fossil record only to appear again later
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Living dinosaur.If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Category: