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{{Short description|Lithuanian noble (c. 1480 – 1539)}}
'''Olbracht Gasztołd''' ({{lang-lt|Albertas Goštautas}}) (died ]) - was the noblemen from ] of ] family. In ] became a chancellor of Lithuania. He was buried in ], where his tomb remains till present day.
{{Infobox noble
| name = Albertas Goštautas
|title = '']''
| image = Albert Gaštold. Альбэрт Гаштольд.jpg
| caption =
| CoA = ]
|tenure=| spouse = Sofija Verejskaja
| issue = ]
|predecessor=|successor=| full name =
| noble family = ]
| father = ]
| mother = NN Galshansky
| birth_date = {{circa|1480}}
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = December 1539
| death_place = ], ]
|}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}


'''Albertas Goštautas'''{{efn|{{langx|la|Albertus Gastold|links=no}}; {{langx|pl|Olbracht (Wojciech) Gasztołd|links=no}}; Belarusian and Ukrainian: Альберт Гаштольд, Альбрэхт Гаштольд.}} ({{circa|1480}} – 1539) was a ] of the ] family from the ethnically ] lands of the ]. ] since 1508, ] since 1514, ] since 1519 and ] since 1522. In 1522, he became ]. He was the initiator and the editor of the ], as a successor of his staunch opponent ],<ref>{{in lang|lt}} http://ausis.gf.vu.lt/mg/nr/2002/09/09stat.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927164324/http://ausis.gf.vu.lt/mg/nr/2002/09/09stat.html |date=27 September 2006 }} Edition Stages of the Lithuanian Statutes</ref> who rivaled him in the precedence in the ]. His subsequent rival in influence in the Grand Duchy was ]. In 1529, he received the title of count from Pope ], and in the following year, thanks to the efforts of ], he received the title of ] of Murowane Gieranojny from Emperor ].{{Sfn|Pociecha|1958|p=301}}


Albertas was a son of ] and an unknown daughter of {{Ill|Semyon Semyonovich Galshansky|be|Сямён Сямёнавіч Гальшанскі}} (also called Trabski).{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|p=98}} Albertas' father married later Anna Galshansky, daughter of his first wife's uncle {{Ill|Yury Semyonovich Galshansky|be|Юрый Сямёнавіч Гальшанскі}}.{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|p=98}} Albertas was orphaned at the age of several years and was brought up by his stepmother and maternal grandmother, Maryna Trabska, daughter of Prince Dmitri Semyonovich Drucki in 1490 bequeathed to him her entire estate.{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|pp=57-58}}
{{Lithuania-hist-stub}}


It is likely that Goštautas studied around 1492 at the ] in ]. In 1501, he travelled to the imperial court in Vienna.{{Sfn|Pociecha|1958|p=300}}
]
] to the King, ] coin]]
⚫ ]
It is believed Goštautas, as well as the rest of Goštautai family members, had retained their native ].<ref>{{in lang|lt}} </ref> He knew the Polish language perfectly.{{Sfn|Pociecha|1958|p=300}} Influenced by the ideas of the ], Goštautas was a supporter of the Lithuanian culture and language in state affairs and had a ] attitude: he segregated non-Lithuanian and Polish-speaking ]s, took care of the representatives of ], such as ], and showed distrust to ] inhabitants of the Grand Duchy.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dubonis |first1=Artūras |title=Lietuvių kalba: poreikis ir vartojimo mastai (XV a. antra pusė – XVI a. pirma pusė) |url=http://viduramziu.istorija.net/socium/dubonis2002.htm |website=viduramziu.istorija.net |accessdate=29 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Albertas Goštautas |url=https://www.vle.lt/Straipsnis/Albertas-Gostautas-26731 |website=vle.lt |accessdate=29 October 2019}}</ref>

He is one of the characters on the famous painting by ], '']''.

== Family ==
Albertas Goštautas married before 1506 Sofia Vereiskaya, daughter of Russian voivode {{Ill|Vasily Mikhailovich Vereisky|ru|Верейский, Василий Михайлович Удалой}} and ].{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|p=549}} Vasily Vereisky was coming from the ] family, as the great-grandson of ], ], grandson of {{Ill|Andrei, Prince of Mozhaysk|lt=Andrei|ru|Андрей Дмитриевич (князь можайский)}}, Prince of ], and son of {{Ill|Mikhail, Prince of Vereya|lt=Mikhail|ru|Михаил Андреевич (князь верейский)}}, Prince of ].{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|p=263}}

Vasily got into a dispute with Grand Prince ] over the dowry of his wife Maria, daughter of ] titular ], and niece of ], wife of the Grand Prince. The dispute ended with the loss of the hereditary principality and Vasily's escape with his wife to Lithuania, where, on 2 October 1484, he received the estates of ], ], ] and ] from King ].{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|p=549}}

These estates were inherited by Sophia and she managed them together with her husband, and after his death she held them until her death on August 1549. After her death, the estate passed to King ].{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|p=549}} The marriage was a significant elevation for Albertas, whose family was not one of the ]. In 1522, King ] gave Sofia, her husband and offspring the right to seal letters with red wax, which only royal blood persons were entitled to.{{Sfn|Wolff|1895|p=549}}

Albertas' son was ], the last male heir of the Goštautai family. He was buried in ], where his tomb remains until the present day. He built the ] (whose ruins renmain in present-day Belarus).{{cn|date=May 2024}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite encyclopedia |year=1958 |title=Olbracht Gasztołd |encyclopedia=Polski Słownik Biograficzny |location=Wrocław |last=Pociecha |first=Wojciech |volume=7 |pages=299–303 |language=pl}}
* {{cite book |last=Wolff |first=Józef |url=https://www.wbc.poznan.pl/dlibra/publication/130049/edition/139252/content |title=Kniaziowie litewsko-ruscy od końca czternastego wieku |date=1895 |location=Warsaw |language=pl |trans-title=Lithuanian-Ruthenian knyazes from the end of the fourteenth century |author-link=Józef Wolff}}

{{Grand Chancellors of Lithuania}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gostautas, Albertas}}
]
]
]
]
]
⚫ ]
]
]

Latest revision as of 22:17, 12 December 2024

Lithuanian noble (c. 1480 – 1539)
Albertas Goštautas
Grand Chancellor of Lithuania
Coat of armsAbdank
Bornc. 1480
Vilnius, Grand Duchy of Lithuania
DiedDecember 1539
Vilnius, Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Noble familyGoštautai
Spouse(s)Sofija Verejskaja
IssueStanislovas Goštautas
FatherMartynas Goštautas
MotherNN Galshansky

Albertas Goštautas (c. 1480 – 1539) was a Lithuanian noble of the Goštautai family from the ethnically Lithuanian lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Voivode of Navahrudak since 1508, Voivode of Polotsk since 1514, Voivode of Trakai since 1519 and Voivode of Vilnius since 1522. In 1522, he became Grand Chancellor of Lithuania. He was the initiator and the editor of the First Statute of Lithuania, as a successor of his staunch opponent Mikolaj Radziwiłł, who rivaled him in the precedence in the Council of Lords. His subsequent rival in influence in the Grand Duchy was Konstanty Ostrogski. In 1529, he received the title of count from Pope Clement VII, and in the following year, thanks to the efforts of Jan Dantyszek, he received the title of Graf of Murowane Gieranojny from Emperor Charles V.

Albertas was a son of Martynas Goštautas and an unknown daughter of Semyon Semyonovich Galshansky [be] (also called Trabski). Albertas' father married later Anna Galshansky, daughter of his first wife's uncle Yury Semyonovich Galshansky [be]. Albertas was orphaned at the age of several years and was brought up by his stepmother and maternal grandmother, Maryna Trabska, daughter of Prince Dmitri Semyonovich Drucki in 1490 bequeathed to him her entire estate.

It is likely that Goštautas studied around 1492 at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. In 1501, he travelled to the imperial court in Vienna.

Goštautas handing the Statute to the King, litas coin

It is believed Goštautas, as well as the rest of Goštautai family members, had retained their native Lithuanian language. He knew the Polish language perfectly. Influenced by the ideas of the Protestant Reformation, Goštautas was a supporter of the Lithuanian culture and language in state affairs and had a nationalistic attitude: he segregated non-Lithuanian and Polish-speaking Franciscans, took care of the representatives of Lithuanian literature, such as Abraomas Kulvietis, and showed distrust to Ruthenian inhabitants of the Grand Duchy.

He is one of the characters on the famous painting by Jan Matejko, Prussian Homage.

Family

Albertas Goštautas married before 1506 Sofia Vereiskaya, daughter of Russian voivode Vasily Mikhailovich Vereisky [ru] and Maria Palaiologina. Vasily Vereisky was coming from the Rurikovich family, as the great-grandson of Dmitry Donskoy, Grand Prince of Moscow, grandson of Andrei [ru], Prince of Mozhaysk, and son of Mikhail [ru], Prince of Vereya.

Vasily got into a dispute with Grand Prince Ivan III over the dowry of his wife Maria, daughter of Andreas Palaiologos titular Byzantine Emperor, and niece of Sophia Palaiologina, wife of the Grand Prince. The dispute ended with the loss of the hereditary principality and Vasily's escape with his wife to Lithuania, where, on 2 October 1484, he received the estates of Lubcha, Koidanova, Radashkovichy and Valozhyn from King Casimir IV Jagiellon.

These estates were inherited by Sophia and she managed them together with her husband, and after his death she held them until her death on August 1549. After her death, the estate passed to King Sigismund II Augustus. The marriage was a significant elevation for Albertas, whose family was not one of the knyaz families. In 1522, King Sigismund I the Old gave Sofia, her husband and offspring the right to seal letters with red wax, which only royal blood persons were entitled to.

Albertas' son was Stanislovas Goštautas, the last male heir of the Goštautai family. He was buried in Vilnius Cathedral, where his tomb remains until the present day. He built the Hieraniony Castle (whose ruins renmain in present-day Belarus).

Notes

  1. Latin: Albertus Gastold; Polish: Olbracht (Wojciech) Gasztołd; Belarusian and Ukrainian: Альберт Гаштольд, Альбрэхт Гаштольд.

References

  1. (in Lithuanian) http://ausis.gf.vu.lt/mg/nr/2002/09/09stat.html Archived 27 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine Edition Stages of the Lithuanian Statutes
  2. Pociecha 1958, p. 301.
  3. ^ Wolff 1895, p. 98.
  4. Wolff 1895, pp. 57–58.
  5. ^ Pociecha 1958, p. 300.
  6. (in Lithuanian) Tomas Sakalauskas "The Oak of Mažvydas"
  7. Dubonis, Artūras. "Lietuvių kalba: poreikis ir vartojimo mastai (XV a. antra pusė – XVI a. pirma pusė)". viduramziu.istorija.net. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  8. "Albertas Goštautas". vle.lt. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  9. ^ Wolff 1895, p. 549.
  10. Wolff 1895, p. 263.

Bibliography

Lithuanian grand chancellors
15th century
16th century
17th century
18th century
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