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| {{short description|Baloch chieftain (1468–1565)}} | |||
| '''Mir Chakar Khan Rind''' (]: میر چاکر خان رند) is considered a ] hero of ] people. Mir Chakar (] – ] <ref>{{cite web|title=Heritage Village, Pakistan|author=S.A.J. Shirazi|work=Travelers Digest|url=http://www.travelersdigest.com/stories/heritage_village.htm}}</ref>) was a ] King in the 15th century. Chakar Khan founded a kingdom which proved to be shortlived however because of a civil war between the ] and ] tribes of ]<ref>{{cite web|title=Provinces of Pakistan (Balochistan)|author=Overseas Pakistan Foundation|work=Encyclopedia of Pakistan|url=http://www.opf.org.pk/almanac/P/provinces.htm}}</ref>. Mir Chakar Khan Rind joined ] army of Emperor ] and was rewarded by Humayun after his reconquest of this throne in ]. | |||
| {{Use Pakistani English|date=March 2023}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}} | |||
| {{Infobox noble | |||
| | name = Mir Chakar Khan Rind<br />{{Nastaliq| مير چاکرخان رند}} | |||
| | image = چاکر خان.jpg | |||
| | image_size = | |||
| | alt = | |||
| | caption = | |||
| | pseudonym = | |||
| | birth_name = | |||
| | birth_date = 1468 | |||
| | birth_place = Mandh, , ] | |||
| | death_date = 1565 (aged 97) | |||
| | noble family = ] | |||
| | house-type = Tribe | |||
| | education = | |||
| | period = | |||
| | genre = | |||
| | subject = | |||
| | CoA = | |||
| | reign = 1487–1565 | |||
| | tenure = | |||
| | predecessor = | |||
| | successor = | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Chakar Khan Rind''' (1468–1565<ref>{{cite web|title=Heritage Village, Pakistan|author=S.A.J. Shirazi|work=Travelers Digest|url=http://www.travelersdigest.com/stories/heritage_village.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061122101827/http://www.travelersdigest.com/stories/heritage_village.htm|archive-date=2006-11-22|access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref>) (]: میر چاکَر خان رِند) was a ] chieftain who founded the Second Baloch Confederacy (1487–1512). He also aided ] Emperor ] in his reconquest of the ].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1QmrSwFYe60C&q=Uch&pg=PA103|title=Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province|last1=Ibbetson|first1=Sir Denzil|last2=Maclagan|first2=Sir Edward|date=December 1996|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120605053|language=en}}</ref> He is considered a ] of the ] and an important figure in the Baloch ] ''].''<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/219961/the-armour-of-chakar-e-azam|title=The armour of Chakar-e-Azam (Mir Chakar Khan Rind)|date=July 29, 2011|newspaper=The Express Tribune (newspaper)|access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> | |||
| Mir Chakar Khan Rind lived in Sevi (modern time ]) in hills of ] and became the head of ] tribe after the death of his father ]. Mir Chakar Khan Rind is regarded as one of the great ] heroes and is the centre of Balochi love lore and war ]. A natural leader and warrior, Mir Chakar Khan Rind was a man with resolute determination. | |||
| ==Family== | |||
| Mir Chakar Khan and ], head of the ] tribe went to war. Thousands of Rinds and Lasharis were killed in this war, and ballads that still echo in hills of ] and are part of Baloch oral literature, commemorate the personal gallantry of the two heroes. After 'the thirty year war' against Lasharis, he left ] and settled in the ] in ]. | |||
| According to Baloch history, Mir Chakar Rind is descendant of ], the son of the founder of Baloch ]. Mir Chakar Rind's hometown was ], ]. His descendants moved to different parts of the region and the Middle East. They often add ] as a suffix to their name. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| ⚫ | Chakar |
||
| ].]] | |||
| Mir Chakar became the head of Rind tribe at the age of 18 after the death of his father Mir Shehaq Rind. Mir Chakar's fiefdom was short-lived because of the great civil war between the ] and Rind tribes of ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Balochistan History|url=http://www.opf.org.pk/almanac/P/provinces.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121021120/http://www.opf.org.pk/almanac/P/provinces.htm|archive-date=2008-11-21|website=Overseas Pakistanis Foundation website|access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> Mir Chakar as head of his tribe went to war, which resulted in thousands dying. The war and the gallantry of the two tribes' leaders continues to be a part of the Baloch history. After the "Thirty Years' War" against the Lashari Tribe.<ref name="googlebook">{{cite book|author1=khan Haran Dari|author2=Vadim Mikhaĭlovich Masson|author3=János|title=History of Civilizations of Central Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lodSckjlNuMC&pg=PA305|year=1999|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-1595-7|page=305}}</ref> | |||
| Since 12th century Baloch chieftains ruled over most of Balochistan. ] and Mir Chakar after the establishment of the Baloch Confederation, They extended their dominance on outside the borders of Balochistan, Mir Chakar seized control over Punjab and captured ].<ref name=":Balochistan A Conflict of Narratives">{{cite book |last= Malik |first= Fida Hussain |year=2020 |title=Balochistan A Conflict of Narratives|publisher= Saiyid Books |page=3 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Balochistan/VNwCEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0|isbn=9789692200028}}</ref> The great Baloch kingdom was based on tribal confederationn, Punjab and Balochistan remained under his rule for a period of time | |||
| The followers who had accompanied Mir Chakar Khan Rind to ] built the tomb after death of the hero. | |||
| .<ref name=":Rathore ">{{cite book |last=Rathore |first= Azad Singh |year=2021 |title=Balochistan The Heights of Oppression|publisher= Partridge Publishing India |url=https://www.google.de/books/edition/Balochistan/I3UgEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0|isbn=9781543706642}}</ref><ref name=":Zeb">{{cite book |last=Rathore |first= Rizwan Zeb |year=2019 |title=Ethno-political Conflict in Pakistan The Baloch Movement|publisher= Taylor & Francis |url=https://www.google.de/books/edition/Balochistan/I3UgEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0|isbn=9781000729924}}</ref> | |||
| Mir Chakar was a very brave man who desired to make the Baloch nation powerful. | |||
| ⚫ | == |
||
| When Mir Chakar left ], his next stop was ] Desert, in ], ]. He ruled the Sanghar area for many years until Mir Doda Khan arrived with his army. Although Mir Chakar had defeated Mir Doda once previously, Mir Doda's army defeated Mir Chakar in the desert of Sanghar. Mir Chakar and his army left Sanghar and moved to the ] area where he shook hands with the Multan king. On the other side, Shehmureed had gone to ]. After Shehmureed, one of his best fighters was Mir Malagh Khan Rind. | |||
| <references /> | |||
| It is said that Mir Malagh Khan's sword weighed {{convert|75|kg|abbr=on}}. No one but Mir Malagh could handle it. | |||
| {{Pakistan-bio-stub}} | |||
| Mir Qaiser Khan, Mir Sanjar Khan and Mir Mandar Khan were some of Mir Chakar's best fighters. | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| Mir Chakar and the Multan king then planned to conquer ]. The Multan king asked for Mir Chakar's help, and he gave him his best fighters. The Lashkar (campaign) was led by Mir Malagh Khan and Mir Qaiser Khan, who went and they conquered Delhi. | |||
| After this, the Delhi king purportedly said, "There was not a single nail uncovered of the Baloch. Their head could reach the glaring sun. They were united; they were brave!" | |||
| On the other side, Mir Doda was gaining power. His grandsons Mir ] and Mir Ismail Khan were his best fighters. The Dera Ghazi Khan and ] districts are named after these two. | |||
| The Multan king invited Mir Doda to dinner. When Mir Doda came, the Multan king said that from then on he would be his left hand. | |||
| Mir Chakar became angry and planned to attack Mir Doda. In the battle, Mir Doda was badly defeated and his people and army moved to Sindh and never came back. | |||
| Near the desert of Sanghar he built 100 houses for his relatives to live in, and he named the place Sokar which is now part of Taunsa. This place is still located near the Sanghar desert in Tehsil Taunsa, Dera Ghazi Khan District. | |||
| Mir Malagh Khan also lived there as he was the best fighter of Mir Chakar. Malghani Balochs are the descendants of this great man. Now Sokar and hassanabad(larra) is the hometown of Malghani Baloch Tribe. | |||
| ⚫ | Mir Chakar then settled in ], ] and gained power and respect in the area. Sher Shah Suri sent a message to Mir Chakar to unite with him and consolidate his gains. Mir Chakar appreciated the offer but refused to help Sher Shah Suri. Under the command of his son, Mir Shahdad Khan, his forces instead joined the ] army of Emperor ] in 1555 after a long exile in Persia. Emperor Humayun came back, recaptured Delhi, and ousted the Suri dynasty in 1556. As a reward, Emperor Humayun conferred a vast ] (lands), including horses and slaves, to Mir Chakar. He ruled this territory until he died in 1565. People who accompanied Mir Chakar to Satghara after leaving Balochistan constructed a tomb for his body. Meer Chakar Rind is considered a Baloch hero. | ||
| == Historical Documents == | |||
| According to ''Tarikh - i -Farishtah'' ' , Mir Chákar Rind was a holder of big jāgir and commanded hordes of warriors in the area. ] in E.D., iv 389-397 gives - Chakur Rind correctly. ]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2QAJswEACAAJ&q=baloch+races|title=The Baloch Race: A Historical and Ethnological Sketch (Classic Reprint)|last=Dames|first=M. Longworth|date=2015-07-28|publisher=Fb&c Limited|isbn=9781332049899|language=en}}</ref> The fact that Chakar Rind was powerful is also described by Munshi ('''Khulasat-ut-Tawarikh'''), '''Nihavandi''' and '''Tabakat-i Akbari'''. | |||
| ==Eponymous institutions== | |||
| Following two institutions, one in Balochistan and other in Punjab, are named after him: | |||
| *], ] | |||
| *], Dera Ghazi Khan | |||
| ⚫ | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| * | |||
| {{baloch nationalism}} | |||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Rind, Mir Chakar Khan}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
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Latest revision as of 14:07, 19 December 2024
Baloch chieftain (1468–1565)
| Mir Chakar Khan Rind مير چاکرخان رند | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Reign | 1487–1565 |
| Born | 1468 Mandh, , Balochistan |
| Died | 1565 (aged 97) |
| Family | Rind |
Chakar Khan Rind (1468–1565) (Balochi: میر چاکَر خان رِند) was a Baloch chieftain who founded the Second Baloch Confederacy (1487–1512). He also aided Mughal Emperor Humayun in his reconquest of the Subcontinent. He is considered a folk hero of the Baloch people and an important figure in the Baloch epic Hani and Sheh Mureed.
Family
According to Baloch history, Mir Chakar Rind is descendant of Rind Khan, the son of the founder of Baloch Jalal Khan. Mir Chakar Rind's hometown was Mand, Balochistan. His descendants moved to different parts of the region and the Middle East. They often add Rind as a suffix to their name.
History
Mir Chakar became the head of Rind tribe at the age of 18 after the death of his father Mir Shehaq Rind. Mir Chakar's fiefdom was short-lived because of the great civil war between the Lashari and Rind tribes of Balochistan. Mir Chakar as head of his tribe went to war, which resulted in thousands dying. The war and the gallantry of the two tribes' leaders continues to be a part of the Baloch history. After the "Thirty Years' War" against the Lashari Tribe.
Since 12th century Baloch chieftains ruled over most of Balochistan. Mir Jalal khan and Mir Chakar after the establishment of the Baloch Confederation, They extended their dominance on outside the borders of Balochistan, Mir Chakar seized control over Punjab and captured Multan. The great Baloch kingdom was based on tribal confederationn, Punjab and Balochistan remained under his rule for a period of time .
Mir Chakar was a very brave man who desired to make the Baloch nation powerful. When Mir Chakar left Dhadar, his next stop was Sanghar Desert, in Taunsa, Dera Ghazi Khan. He ruled the Sanghar area for many years until Mir Doda Khan arrived with his army. Although Mir Chakar had defeated Mir Doda once previously, Mir Doda's army defeated Mir Chakar in the desert of Sanghar. Mir Chakar and his army left Sanghar and moved to the Multan area where he shook hands with the Multan king. On the other side, Shehmureed had gone to Arabia. After Shehmureed, one of his best fighters was Mir Malagh Khan Rind.
It is said that Mir Malagh Khan's sword weighed 75 kg (165 lb). No one but Mir Malagh could handle it. Mir Qaiser Khan, Mir Sanjar Khan and Mir Mandar Khan were some of Mir Chakar's best fighters. Mir Chakar and the Multan king then planned to conquer Delhi. The Multan king asked for Mir Chakar's help, and he gave him his best fighters. The Lashkar (campaign) was led by Mir Malagh Khan and Mir Qaiser Khan, who went and they conquered Delhi. After this, the Delhi king purportedly said, "There was not a single nail uncovered of the Baloch. Their head could reach the glaring sun. They were united; they were brave!" On the other side, Mir Doda was gaining power. His grandsons Mir Ghazi Khan and Mir Ismail Khan were his best fighters. The Dera Ghazi Khan and Dera Ismail Khan districts are named after these two. The Multan king invited Mir Doda to dinner. When Mir Doda came, the Multan king said that from then on he would be his left hand. Mir Chakar became angry and planned to attack Mir Doda. In the battle, Mir Doda was badly defeated and his people and army moved to Sindh and never came back.
Near the desert of Sanghar he built 100 houses for his relatives to live in, and he named the place Sokar which is now part of Taunsa. This place is still located near the Sanghar desert in Tehsil Taunsa, Dera Ghazi Khan District. Mir Malagh Khan also lived there as he was the best fighter of Mir Chakar. Malghani Balochs are the descendants of this great man. Now Sokar and hassanabad(larra) is the hometown of Malghani Baloch Tribe.
Mir Chakar then settled in Satghara, Okara and gained power and respect in the area. Sher Shah Suri sent a message to Mir Chakar to unite with him and consolidate his gains. Mir Chakar appreciated the offer but refused to help Sher Shah Suri. Under the command of his son, Mir Shahdad Khan, his forces instead joined the Mughal army of Emperor Humayun in 1555 after a long exile in Persia. Emperor Humayun came back, recaptured Delhi, and ousted the Suri dynasty in 1556. As a reward, Emperor Humayun conferred a vast Jagir (lands), including horses and slaves, to Mir Chakar. He ruled this territory until he died in 1565. People who accompanied Mir Chakar to Satghara after leaving Balochistan constructed a tomb for his body. Meer Chakar Rind is considered a Baloch hero.
Historical Documents
According to Tarikh - i -Farishtah ' , Mir Chákar Rind was a holder of big jāgir and commanded hordes of warriors in the area. Tarikh-i-Sher Shahi in E.D., iv 389-397 gives - Chakur Rind correctly. Mansel Longworth Dames The fact that Chakar Rind was powerful is also described by Munshi (Khulasat-ut-Tawarikh), Nihavandi and Tabakat-i Akbari.
Eponymous institutions
Following two institutions, one in Balochistan and other in Punjab, are named after him:
- Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Luni, Sibi
- Mir Chakar Khan Rind University of Technology, Dera Ghazi Khan
References
- S.A.J. Shirazi. "Heritage Village, Pakistan". Travelers Digest. Archived from the original on 22 November 2006. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan, Sir Edward (December 1996). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120605053.
- "The armour of Chakar-e-Azam (Mir Chakar Khan Rind)". The Express Tribune (newspaper). 29 July 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- "Balochistan History". Overseas Pakistanis Foundation website. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- khan Haran Dari; Vadim Mikhaĭlovich Masson; János (1999). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 305. ISBN 978-81-208-1595-7.
- Malik, Fida Hussain (2020). Balochistan A Conflict of Narratives. Saiyid Books. p. 3. ISBN 9789692200028.
- Rathore, Azad Singh (2021). Balochistan The Heights of Oppression. Partridge Publishing India. ISBN 9781543706642.
- Rathore, Rizwan Zeb (2019). Ethno-political Conflict in Pakistan The Baloch Movement. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781000729924.
- Dames, M. Longworth (28 July 2015). The Baloch Race: A Historical and Ethnological Sketch (Classic Reprint). Fb&c Limited. ISBN 9781332049899.