Misplaced Pages

List of people with synesthesia: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 04:17, 12 November 2006 editDominic (talk | contribs)Administrators29,558 edits Removing links to "Sites which fail to provide licensing information" for video clips per WP:EL. using AWB← Previous edit Latest revision as of 01:22, 21 December 2024 edit undo209.205.88.125 (talk) add Peter Steele to list 
(789 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|List of people with cross-wired senses}}
== Synesthetes ==
{{Dynamic list}}
There is a great deal of debate about whether or not ] can be identified through historical sources. , a synesthete, and the President of the , maintains a list of synesthetes, "pseudosynesthetes" and individuals who are most likely not synesthetic, but who used synesthesia in their art or music.
{{original research|date=April 2014}}
<onlyinclude> <!-- See ] for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->
This is a list of notable people who have claimed to have the neurological condition ]. Following that, there is a list of people who are often wrongly believed to have had synesthesia because they used it as a device in their art, poetry or music (referred to as pseudo-synesthetes).</onlyinclude>


Estimates of prevalence of synesthesia have ranged widely, from 1 in 4 to 1 in 25,000 – 100,000. However, most studies have relied on synesthetes reporting themselves, introducing self-referral bias.<ref name="auto">{{cite book|editor1-last=Simner|editor1-first=Julia|editor2-last=Hubbard|editor2-first=Edward M.|title=Oxford Handbook of Synesthesia|date=2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, UK|isbn=978-0-19-960332-9|pages=13–17|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WXq9AgAAQBAJ&q=Oxford+Handbook+of+Synesthesia|access-date=25 February 2018|language=en|chapter=A brief history of synesthesia research}}</ref>


Media outlets including ] have critically noted the considerable numbers of musical artists from the 2010s onwards claiming to be synesthetes, observing that "without literally testing every person who comes out in the press as a synesthete, it’s exceedingly difficult to tell who has it and who is lying through their teeth for cultural cachet" and that claims of experiencing synesthesia can be employed "as an express route to creative genius".<ref>{{cite web | url=https://pitchfork.com/thepitch/229-what-the-hell-is-synesthesia-and-why-does-every-musician-seem-to-have-it | title=What the Hell is Synesthesia and Why Does Every Musician Seem to Have It? | website=] | date=31 January 2014 }}</ref>


==Synesthetes==
* ], producer/mixer (member of ]). Music → color.
{{Incomplete list|date=May 2020}}<!-- Entries should be listed in alphabetical order by surname. -->
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!Name
!Type
!Lifespan
!Country
!Profession
!Notes
!Source
|-
|]
|]
|1918-1988
|United States
|Physicist
|"When I see equations, I see the letters in colors. I don't know why. I see vague pictures of Bessel functions with light-tan j's, slightly violet-bluish n's, and dark brown x's flying around."
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Colourful language: U of T psychologists discover enhanced language learning in synesthetes |url=https://www.utoronto.ca/news/colourful-language-u-t-psychologists-discover-enhanced-language-learning-synesthetes |website=University of Toronto News |access-date=20 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|]
|]
|b. 1981
|United States
|Singer-songwriter, guitarist
|
|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hysteriamag.com/frank-iero-get-comfort-zone-times/ | title=FRANK IERO // Get Yourself Out of Your Comfort Zone at All Times! | date=27 May 2019 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|1876-1935
|United States
|Artist
|Painted to orchestral music.
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 16, 1923 |title="Tilden Dakin Says He Can Paint Music." |work=Los Angeles Times.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=December 17, 1923 |title="Music Can Be Interpreted in Oils, Says Artist." |work=Ohio Chronicle Telegram}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|1946-2006
|United Kingdom
|Singer-songwriter, guitarist, artist
|
|
|-
|-
|]
|Grapheme-Color
|1899-1977
|Russia/United States/Switzerland
|Novelist, poet
|
|<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hupé |first1=Jean-Michel |title=The Five Senses in Nabokov's Works |chapter=An Introduction to Synesthesia via Vladimir Nabokov |date=2020 |pages=241–254 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-45406-7_15 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-45406-7_15 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-030-45405-0 |s2cid=226758119 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|b. 1996
|Canada
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEC4mwDNIsw |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211219/zEC4mwDNIsw |archive-date=2021-12-19 |url-status=live|title=Alessia Cara Discusses Having Synesthesia|website=]}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alessia Cara talks about her synaesthesia|url=https://www.popbuzz.com/music/artists/alessia-cara/facts/synaesthesia/|access-date=December 3, 2020|website=PopBuzz|language=en|archive-date=November 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124184608/https://www.popbuzz.com/music/artists/alessia-cara/facts/synaesthesia/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|]
|]
|b. 1981
|United States
|Singer-songwriter, record producer, dancer, actress
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|last=Webb|first=Katherine|date=June 23, 2018|title=The Craziest things you didn't know about Beyoncé|url=https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/crazy-things-you-didnt-know-about-beyonce.html/|access-date=April 4, 2021|archive-date=March 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307033039/https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/crazy-things-you-didnt-know-about-beyonce.html/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kosowan|first=Gene|date=January 14, 2020|title=These 10 Musicians & Artists Who Claim To Have Synesthesia|url=https://www.thetalko.com/synesthesia-musician-artist-gift-ability/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=December 13, 2013|title=I see music, says Beyoncé as she releases new album and 17 videos|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/i-see-music-says-beyonce-as-she-releases-new-album-and-17-videos-9002398.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wnyc.org/story/does-synesthesia-make-you-more-creative/|title=Does Synesthesia Make You More Creative? &#124; Studio 360|website=WNYC}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|b. 1992
|United Kingdom
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-25330600|title=BBC News - Charli XCX: Pop, punk and synaesthesia|newspaper=BBC News|date=12 December 2013|last1=Savage|first1=Mark}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|b. 1975
|United States
|Author
|
|<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cook O'Toole|first=Jennifer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SmiCDwAAQBAJ|title=Autism in Heels: The Untold Story of a Female Life on the Spectrum|date=4 December 2018|publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=9781510732858}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Taste to colour
|1926-1962
|United States
|Actress
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blog.everlasting-star.net/2017/09/psychology/marilyn-the-proto-synaesthete/|title=Marilyn: A Proto-Synaesthete? « ES Updates |date=September 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/i-have-something-in-common-with-marilyn-monroeand-you-might-too?mbid=social_twitter|magazine = ]| title=I Have Something in Common with Marilyn Monroe—and You Might, Too | date=31 August 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.wellandgood.com/what-is-synesthesia-creative-trait/amp/ | title=How to know if you have synesthesia | date=25 January 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|b. 1994
|United Kingdom
|Artist
|
|<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/news/synesthesia-artist-jack-coulter-creates-musical-painting-of-glastonbury-2016-a7091681.html |title = Synesthesia artist Jack Coulter creates 'musical painting' of Glastonbury|website = ]|date = 20 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=McNamara|first=Brittney|title=This Is What It's Like to Be Able to HEAR Color|url=https://www.teenvogue.com/gallery/jack-coulter-synesthesia|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Teen Vogue|date=13 September 2017 |language=en-us}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|b. 1985
|United Kingdom
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rookiemag.com/2015/02/marina-and-the-diamonds/|title=Trust Your Gut: An Interview With Marina and the Diamonds|date=25 February 2015|website=]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lancaster|first=Brodie|date=2015-02-24|title=Rookie » Trust Your Gut: An Interview With Marina and the Diamonds|url=https://www.rookiemag.com/2015/02/marina-and-the-diamonds/|access-date=2020-12-03|website=www.rookiemag.com|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Unspecified
|b. 1952
|United States
|Author
|Wrote ''Blue Cats and Chartreuse Kittens'', the first book by a synesthete about synesthesia.
Co-founded the ].
|<ref>{{Cite book|last=Duffy|first=Patricia Lynne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qNo5yQb6jacC&pg=PT13|title=Blue Cats and Chartreuse Kittens: How Synesthetes Color Their Worlds|date=2011-04-01|publisher=Henry Holt and Company|isbn=9781429928274|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to colour
|b. 1971
|United States
|Singer-songwriter, actress
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/meet-the-famous-musicians-with-synaesthesia-a-condition-that-means-you-hear-colours-14511| website=] | title=Meet the Famous Musicians with Synaesthesia, A Condition That Means You Hear Colours | date=27 October 2015 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|b. 2001
|United States
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|last=Strick|first=Katie|date=2020-01-28|title=Synaesthesia: a superpower I share with Billie Eilish|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/comment/comment/synaesthesia-a-superpower-i-share-with-billie-eilish-a4346686.html|access-date=2020-12-03|website=www.standard.co.uk|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|b. 1977
|United States
|Rapper, singer-songwriter, record producer, fashion designer
|
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/thepitch/229-what-the-hell-is-synesthesia-and-why-does-every-musician-seem-to-have-it/|title=What the Hell Is Synesthesia and Why Does Every Musician Seem to Have It?
|website=www.pitchfork.com|date=31 January 2014
|access-date=2020-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sblendorio|first=Peter|title=SEE/HEAR IT: Kanye West sounds off on his synesthesia, the ability to see sounds, in latest rant on 'Ellen'|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/kanye-west-sounds-synesthesia-latest-rant-article-1.2642645|access-date=2020-12-03|website=nydailynews.com|date=19 May 2016 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|1856–1943
|Austria/United States
|Inventor
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://futurism.com/know-your-scientist-nikola-tesla|title=Nikola Tesla, A Trailblazer in Science|website=Futurism}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|b. 1994
|Australia
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eves Karydas {{!}} Biography & History|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/eves-karydas-mn0003682899/biography|access-date=2020-11-11|website=AllMusic|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-07|title=Interview: Eves Karydas (AUS) talks VANFEST, synaesthesia and working on her new album.|url=https://www.theaureview.com/music/interview-eves-karydas-aus-talks-vanfest-synaesthesia-and-working-on-her-new-album/|access-date=2020-12-03|website=The AU Review|language=en-AU}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|1899–1974
|United States
|Composer, pianist, bandleader
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Synesthesia Digital Library {{!}} Famous Synesthetes : Duke Ellington|url=http://sdl.granthazard.com/exhibits/show/famous-synesthetes/famous-synesthetes-closer-look/duke-ellington|access-date=2020-12-03|website=sdl.granthazard.com}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|b. 1937
|United Kingdom
|Artist, stage designer, photographer
|
|<ref>see Cytowic, Richard E. 2002. ''Synaesthesia: a Union of the Senses.'' Second edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to shape
|b. 1944
|Canada
|Musician
|Founded the Canadian Synesthesia Association.
|<ref>{{Cite news|last=Everett-Green|first=Robert|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/music/for-musician-with-synesthesia-the-cello-can-sound-too-furry-or-too-red/article1318371/|title=For Musician With Synaethesia, The Cello Can Sound Too Fury. Or Too Red.|date=Dec 3, 2010|access-date=December 3, 2015|publisher=]}}</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208153849/http://www.metronews.ca/news/canada/2015/01/28/man-who-can-see-and-hear-sounds-shares-his-story.html|date=2015-12-08}} January 28th 2015, ''Metro – Toronto Edition''.</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=For musician with synesthesia, the cello can sound too furry. Or too red|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/music/for-musician-with-synesthesia-the-cello-can-sound-too-furry-or-too-red/article1318371/|access-date=2020-12-03}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|b. 1974
|Germany
|Score composer
|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/game-of-thrones-music-composer-ramin-djawadi-interview-2016-7|title=Meet the musical genius behind the 'Game of Thrones' soundtrack who watches each season before anyone else|first=Kim|last=Renfro|work=Business Insider|date=July 7, 2016|access-date=December 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131113921/http://www.businessinsider.com/game-of-thrones-music-composer-ramin-djawadi-interview-2016-7|archive-date=January 31, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|-
|]
|Multiple
|b. 1949
|United States
|Singer-songwriter, composer, pianist
|
|<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=MITCHELL|first=KEVIN J.|title=Innate: How the Wiring of Our Brains Shapes Who We Are|date=2018|publisher=Princeton University Press|doi=10.2307/j.ctvc77m71|isbn=978-0-691-17388-7|jstor=j.ctvc77m71|s2cid=240016216}}</ref><ref name=":3" />
|-
|]
|Multiple
|b. 1978
|Netherlands
|Singer
|
|<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1154801323935584258|user=bloomdewilde|title=I have this thing called synaesthesia, which means all my senses are delightfully intertwined. Colours numbers soun…<!-- full text of tweet that Twitter returned to the bot (excluding links) added by TweetCiteBot. This may be better truncated or may need expanding (TW limits responses to 140 characters) or case changes. --> |date=26 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|]
|]
|1811–1886
|Hungary
|Composer, pianist
|
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Cytowic, Richard E.|title=Wednesday is indigo blue : discovering the brain of synesthesia|date=2009|publisher=MIT Press|others=Eagleman, David.|isbn=978-0-262-25483-0|location=Cambridge, Mass.|pages=93|oclc=317116544}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Liu|first=Annie (Yen-Ling)|date=2013|title=Listening as Gazing: Synaesthesia and the Double Apotheosis in Franz Liszt's "Hunnenschlacht"|journal=Studia Musicologica|volume=54|issue=4|pages=379–388|doi=10.1556/SMus.54.2013.4.4|issn=1788-6244|jstor=43289733}}</ref><ref name=":4" />
|--
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|b. 1996
|New Zealand
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.musictimes.com/articles/51099/20151017/lorde-reveals-wanted-comedian-tumblr-q.htm|title=Lorde Talks Curly Hair, Synesthesia & Wanting to be a Comedian in Tumblr Chat|date=2015-10-17|website=Music Times|language=en|access-date=2019-11-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=12 May 2017|title=Lorde explains exactly how synaesthesia works|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/lorde-explains-exactly-how-synaesthesia-works/MU434C7MUJDS5HXHCJCHZJURRU/|website=]}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Unspecified
|b. 1991
|United States
|Composer, Double Bassist
|
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 10, 2021 |title=Adi Meyerson on taking inspiration from avant garde artist Yayoi Kusama and processing synesthesia through bass |url=https://www.guitarworld.com/features/adi-meyerson-i-want-to-sing-my-heart-out-in-praise-of-life |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007230039/https://www.guitarworld.com/features/adi-meyerson-i-want-to-sing-my-heart-out-in-praise-of-life |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=October 9, 2024 |work=]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=October 31, 2022 |title=Rising Star: Bassist Adi Meyerson |url=https://njjs.org/2022/10/31/rising-star-bassist-adi-meyerson/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007175513/https://njjs.org/2022/10/31/rising-star-bassist-adi-meyerson/ |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=October 9, 2024 |work=New Jersey Jazz Society}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to colour
|b. 2003
|United States
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://people.com/health/olivia-rodrigo-baby-synesthesia-makes-her-see-colors-when-she-hears-music/?amp=true | title=Olivia Rodrigo Says She Has 'Baby Synesthesia,' Which Makes Her 'See Colors' when She Hears Music }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/olivia-rodrigo-minor-synesthesia-b2078067.html | title=Olivia Rodrigo reveals she has 'minor synesthesia' | website=] | date=13 May 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hellomagazine.com/healthandbeauty/health-and-fitness/20220513140147/olivia-rodrigo-secret-health-condition-affecting-her-brain-revealed/?viewas=amp/ | title=Olivia Rodrigo, 19, reveals secret health battle affecting her brain | date=13 May 2022 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|b. 1963
|United States
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://interestingengineering.com/9-famous-artists-who-have-synesthesia-and-how-it-affected-them|title=9 Famous Artists Who Have Synesthesia and How It Affected Them |date=26 October 2019 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|b. 1984
|Norway
|Singer-songwriter
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.list.co.uk/article/8569-ida-maria/|title=Ida Maria|date=2008-05-22|website=The List|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ida Maria: Seeing Red|url=https://www.npr.org/2011/06/26/137420757/ida-maria-seeing-red|access-date=2020-12-03|website=NPR.org|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|1918–2013
|United Kingdom/United States
|Jazz pianist
|
|<ref name="HassonStyle">Hasson, Claire. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723054116/http://www.clarehansson.com/marianmcpartland/content/styleDiscussion.htm|date=2009-07-23}} in ''Marian McPartland: Jazz Pianist: An Overview of a Career''</ref>


|-
{{quotation|"He gets on with the broad strokes, textures and colors — that’s how he hears music, he’s got that synesthesia (a phenomenon where sounds have color), he says ‘make it really sad, like a rainy day, I want to hear thunder’ — and I get on with all the anal fiddly bits."| Sister Bliss talking about her working relationship with Rollo Armstrong<ref></ref>}}
|]

|Sound to color

|b. 1999

|United States
* ] (September 5, 1867 – December 27, 1944), American pianist and composer.
|Singer-songwriter, actress
: It turns out that the 19th-century American classical composer Amy Beach had both perfect pitch and a set of colors for musical keys (musical keys → color). Here are two quotes from biographies:
|

|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/pop/7990586/bea-miller-playlist-takeover-tuesday-yellow-ep|title=Takeover Tuesday: Bea Miller Paints Things 'Yellow' With Upbeat EP-Inspired Playlist|last=Kelley|first=Caitlin|date=2017-10-10|website=www.billboard.com|language=en|access-date=2020-03-17}}</ref>
{{quotation|"Other interesting stories about Amy’s musical personality and her astounding abilities as a prodigy are recounted in almost all previous biographical writings. One such story is Amy’s association of certain colors with certain keys. For instance, Amy might ask her mother to play the ‘purple music’ or the ‘green music.’ The most popular story, however, seems to be the one about Amy’s going on a trip to California and notating on staff paper the exact pitches of bird calls she heard."| From Jeanell Brown, p. 16<ref>Brown, Jeanell Wise. ''Amy Beach and her chamber music: biography, documents, style.'' Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1994. P. 16. References are to letters in the Crawford Collection, Library of Congress.</ref>}}
|-

|]
{{quotation|"Amy’s mother encouraged her to relate melodies to the colors blue, pink, or purple, but before long Amy had a wider range of colors, which she associated with certain major keys. Thus C was white, F-sharp black, E yellow, G red, A green, A-flat blue, D-flat violet or purple, and E-flat pink. Until the end of her life she associated these colors with those keys."| From Walter Jenkins, pp. 5-6. <ref>Jenkins, Walter S. ''The remarkable Mrs. Beach, American composer.'' Warren, Mich.: Harmonie Park Press, 1994. Pp. 5-6. Reference is to an interview of Beach by George Y. Loveridge in the ''Providence (RI) Journal'', Dec. 4, 1937, p. 5.</ref>}}
|Multiple

|b. 1965

|Canada

|Actress, filmmaker
* , jazz-rock guitarist.
|
: DeCaprio is a member of the , and has outlined his musical note → color synesthesia there, as well as on .
|<ref name="Morgenstern">see Raskin, Richard. 2003. . ''P.O.V., A Danish Journal of Film Studies; number 15 (March): 170-184.''</ref>

|-

|]

|Multiple
* ] (April 29, 1899 – May 24, 1974), composer and pianist. Timbre → color.
|b. 1997

|United States
{{quotation|"I hear a note by one of the fellows in the band and it’s one color. I hear the same note played by someone else and it’s a different color. When I hear sustained musical tones, I see just about the same colors that you do, but I see them in textures. If Harry Carney is playing, D is dark blue burlap. If Johnny Hodges is playing, G becomes light blue satin."| Ellington, as quoted in Don George, p. 226. <ref>Ellington, ''as quoted in'' George, Don. 1981. ''Sweet man: The real Duke Ellington.'' New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. Page 226.</ref>}}
|Musician, record producer, actor

|

|<ref name=":0" />

|-
* ] (May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988), physicist. Winner of the 1965 ] in Physics. Feynman had colored letters and numbers (graphemes → color).
|]
{{quotation|"When I see equations, I see the letters in colors – I don't know why. As I'm talking, I see vague pictures of Bessel functions from Jahnke and Emde's book, with light-tan j's, slightly violet-bluish n's, and dark brown x's flying around. And I wonder what the hell it must look like to the students."| From Richard Feynman, p. 59. <ref>Feynman, Richard. 1988. ''What Do You Care What Other People Think?'' New York: Norton. P. 59.</ref>}}
|Sound to color

|b. 1987

|United States

|Singer-songwriter, producer, artist
* ] (born July 9, 1937), artist. Music → color.
|Released '']'' in 2012, an album themed around his own synesthesia
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grubstreet.com/2012/07/taste-flavor-synesthesia-frank-ocean.html|title=On Frank Ocean, Channel Orange, and Taste Synesthesia|first1=Alan|last1=Sytsma|first2=food editor at New York Magazine who has been covering|last2=restaurants|first3=The Way We Eat|last3=Since 2006|website=Grub Street|date=10 July 2012 }}</ref>
: Hockney sees synesthetic colors to musical stimuli. In general, this does not show up in his painting or photography artwork too much. However, it is a common underlying principle in his construction of stage sets for various ballets and operas, where he bases the background colors and lighting upon his own seen colors while listening to the music of the theater piece he is working on.<ref>see Cytowic, Richard E. 2002. ''Synaesthesia: a Union of the Senses.'' Second edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.</ref>
|-

|]

|Multiple

|b. 1991
* Brooks Kerr, jazz pianist. Musical notes → color.
|Pakistan

|Singer-songwriter, record producer
{{quotation|"With the little bit of sight he possessed, Brooks was unable to read or to identify objects, and lead sheets remained a forever closed door to him, but he was able to differentiate colors. I remember when he first told us that in his mind’s eye every musical note was a different color and that the scale resembled a rainbow. He fingered a C on the piano, explaining, ‘This note is red.’ He hit a D. ‘This one is dark blue.’ He hit an F. ‘This is yellow.’ His finger wandered to a G. ‘This one is light blue …’"| From Don George, pp. 225-226. <ref>George, Don. 1981. ''Sweet man: The real Duke Ellington.'' New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. Pp. 225-226.</ref>}}
|

|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1763348/4-need-talk-adil-omar/ | title=Why we need to talk about Adil Omar | date=21 July 2018 }}</ref>

|-

|]
* ] (May 28, 1923 – June 12, 2006), composer. Grapheme → color.
|Multiple

|b. 1953
{{quotation|""I am inclined to synaesthetic perception. I associate sounds with colours and shapes. Like Rimbaud, I feel that all letters have a colour."
|United Kingdom
"Major chords are red or pink, minor chords are somewhere between green and brown. I do not have perfect pitch, so when I say that C minor has a rusty red-brown colour and D minor is brown this does not come from the pitch but from the letters C and D. I think it must go back to my childhood. I find, for instance, that numbers also have colours; 1 is steely grey, 2 is orange, 5 is green. At some point these associations must have got fixed, perhaps I saw the green number 5 on a stamp or on a shop sign. But there must be some collective associations too. For most people the sound of a trumpet is probably yellow although I find it red because of its shrillness …."| From György Ligeti, p. 58. <ref>Ligeti, György. 1983 (1981). ''Ligeti in conversation.'' London: Eulenburg Books. Page 58.</ref>}}
|Singer-songwriter, musician

|

|<ref>{{cite web |last1=Montagna |first1=John |title=A Prediction: "This Is Pop" Will Pull in New Fans for XTC |url=https://www.culturesonar.com/this-is-pop-xtc/ |website=Culture Sonar |access-date=10 October 2020 |date=10 February 2018 |quote=We learn about own synesthesia.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Sheppard |first1=Amanda |title=Q: WHAT DO YOU CALL THAT NOISE? A: XTC! |url=https://pleasekillme.com/xtc/ |website=Please Kill Me |access-date=10 October 2020 |date=22 May 2019 }}</ref>

|-
* ] (October 22, 1811 – July 31, 1886), composer. Music → color.
|]

|Sound to shape
{{quotation|"When Liszt first began as Kapellmeister in Weimar (1842), it astonished the orchestra that he said: 'O please, gentlemen, a little bluer, if you please! This tone type requires it!' Or: 'That is a deep violet, please, depend on it! Not so rose!' First the orchestra believed Liszt just joked; more later they got accustomed to the fact that the great musician seemed to see colors there, where there were only tones."| Anonymous, as quoted in Friedrich Mahling, p. 230. (Translation by Sean A. Day.) <ref>Quoted from an anonymous article in the ''Neuen Berliner Musikzeitung'' (29 August, 1895); ''quoted in'' Mahling, Friedrich. 1926. "Das Problem der 'Audition colorée: Eine historische-kritische Untersuchung." ''Archiv für die Gesamte Psychologie''; LVII Band. Leipzig: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M.B.H. Pp. 165-301. Page 230. Translation by Sean A. Day.</ref>}}
|b. 1945

|Israel/United States

|Violinist, conductor, music teacher

|
* ] (December 10, 1908 – April 27, 1992), composer and organist. Chordal structure → color.
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Seaberg|first=Maureen|title=Tasting the Universe}}</ref>
|-
: Olivier Messiaen was self-admittedly a synesthete, as is quite well detailed in his own writings and in interviews. Many of his compositions, such as ''Oiseaux Exotiques'', ''L'ascension'', and ''Couleurs de la cite celeste'', are directly based upon his, in a sense, trying to "produce pictures" via sound, writing specific notes to produce specific color sequences and blends.<ref>see Samuel, Claude. 1994 (1986). ''Olivier Messiaen: Music and Color. Conversations with Claude Samuel.'' Translated by E. Thomas Glasow. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.</ref>
|]

|Sound to color

|b. 1969

|United Kingdom
* ] (born 10 December 1965), actress and film director. Graphemes → color; musical notes → color.<ref name="Morgenstern"> see Raskin, Richard. 2003. . ''P.O.V., A Danish Journal of Film Studies; number 15 (March): 170-184.</ref>
|Musician
{{quotation|"A few years ago, I mentioned to a friend that I remembered phone numbers by their colour. He said "So you're a synesthete!" I hadn't heard of synesthesia (which means something close to sense-fusion') – I only knew that numbers seemed naturally to have colours: five is blue, two is green, three is red… And music has colours too: the key of C# minor is a sharp, tangy yellow, F major is a warm brown..."|Stephanie Morgenstern interview<ref name="Morgenstern" />}}
|

|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Looker |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Looker |date=17 September 2023 |title=Last Things Live Stream with Kavus Torabi|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9OZj9V-uk0&t=8133s |website=] |time=2:15:33}}</ref>

|-

|]
* ] (April 22, 1899 – July 2, 1977), author. Grapheme → color.
|Shape to sound

|b. 1964
: In his autobiography, ''Speak Memory'' (1966), the Russian writer Vladimir Nabokov tells us of his
|Finland

|Composer
{{quotation|"fine case of colored hearing. Perhaps 'hearing' is not quite accurate, since the color sensation seems to be produced by the very act of my orally forming a given letter while I imagine its outline. The long a of the English alphabet (and it is this alphabet I have in mind farther on unless otherwise stated) has for me the tint of weathered wood, but a French a evokes polished ebony. This black group also includes hard g (vulcanized rubber) and r (a sooty rag bag being ripped). Oatmeal n, noodle-limp l, and the ivory-backed hand mirror of o take care of the whites. I am puzzled by my French on which I see as the brimming tension-surface of alcohol in a small glass. Passing on to the blue group, there is steely x, thundercloud z, and huckleberry k. Since a subtle interaction exists between sound and shape, I see q as browner than k, while s is not the light blue of c, but a curious mixture of azure and mother-of-pearl. Adjacent tints do not merge, and diphthongs do not have special colors of their own, unless represented by a single character in some other language (thus the fluffy-gray, three-stemmed Russian letter that stands for sh , a letter as old as the rushes of the Nile, influences its English representation)." <br>
|
" ... In the green group, there are alder-leaf f, the unripe apple of p, and pistachio t. Dull green, combined somehow with violet, is the best I can do for w. The yellows comprise various e's and i's, creamy d, bright-golden y, and u, whose alphabetical value I can express only by 'brassy with an olive sheen.' In the brown group, there are the rich rubbery tone of soft g, paler j, and the drab shoelace of h. Finally, among the reds, b has the tone called burnt sienna by painters, m is a fold of pink flannel, and today I have at last perfectly matched v with 'Rose Quartz' in Maerz and Paul's Dictionary of Color. The word for rainbow, a primary, but decidedly muddy, rainbow, is in my private language the hardly pronounceable: kzspygv"| From Vladimir Nabokov, p. 34-35. <ref>Nabokov, Vladimir. 1966. ''Speak, Memory: An Autobiography Revisited''. New York: Putnam.</ref>}}
|<ref>http://www.sikorski.de/media/files/1/13/27/10031/sikorski_magazin_4_2015.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052507/http://www.sikorski.de/media/files/1/13/27/10031/sikorski_magazin_4_2015.pdf |date=2017-01-18 }} {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>

|-
: It should be mentioned that Nabokov's mother, Elena Ivanovna, was a synesthete, as was also his wife, Véra, and his son ].
|]

|Sound to color

|b. 1994
* ] (May 27, 1822 - June 24 or 25, 1882), composer. Timbre → color.
|United States
|Singer-songwriter, record producer
: In 1855, the composer Joachim Raff "declared that the sounds of instruments produced color impressions of various kinds. Thus the sound of a flute produced the sensation of intense azure blue; of the hautboy , yellow; cornet, green; trumpet, scarlet; the French horn, purple; and the flageolet , grey. The clearest and most distinct shades were those evoked by the high notes" (Krohn 1892 : 22). It is unknown whether Raff was a synaesthete; he may well have been, but this small set of colored timbres does not provide enough information, without more direct claims as to where the correspondences originate from.<ref>Krohn, W.O. 1892. “Pseudo-chromaesthesia, or The Association of Color with Words, Letters, and Sounds.” ''American Journal of Psychology''; volume 5: 20-41.</ref>
|

|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0u7lXy7pDg |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211219/G0u7lXy7pDg |archive-date=2021-12-19 |url-status=live|title=Pharrell Williams Masterclass with Students at NYU Clive Davis Institute|website=]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

|-

|]
* ] (March 6, 1844 – June 8, 1908), composer. Musical keys → color.
|Unspecified

|1865–1957
: Rimsky-Korsakov synesthetically experienced colors for musical keys (musical keys →color). For example, for him, the key of C major was white, and the key of B major was a gloomy dark blue with a steel shine.<ref>This is according to an article in the Russian press, Yastrebtsev V. "On N.A.Rimsky-Korsakov's color sound- contemplation." ''Russkaya muzykalnaya gazeta'', 1908, N 39-40, p. 842-845 (in Russian), cited by Bulat Galeyev (1999).</ref>
|Finland

|Composer, violinist

|

|<ref name=":4" />
* ] (December 8, 1865 – September 20, 1957), composer. Sound → color.
|-

|]
{{quotation|"For him there existed a strange, mysterious connection between sound and color, between the most secret perceptions of the eye and ear. Everything he saw produced a corresponding impression on his ear – every impression of sound was transferred and fixed as color on the retina of his eye and thence to his memory. And this he thought as natural, with as good reason as those who did not possess this faculty called him crazy or affectedly original."<br>
|Emotions to color
"For this reason he only spoke of this in the strictest confidence and under a pledge of silence. 'For otherwise they will make fun of me!'"| From Karl Ekman, pp. 41-42. <ref>Adolf Paul (1890), ''En Bok om en Människa'', as quoted in Ekman 1938: 41-42</ref><ref>Ekman, Karl. 1938. ''Jean Sibelius: His life and personality.'' Translated from the Finnish by Edward Birse. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.</ref>}}
|b. 1981

|United Kingdom

|Writer

|
* ] (born January 31, 1979), autistic savant. Grapheme → color/shape.
|<ref>{{cite tweet |last=Smale |first=Holly |user=HolSmale |number=1401522422273150986 |date=June 6, 2021 |title=Finally, the way we process emotions can vary. I have synaesthesia, so I often read emotions as colours. Trying to work out what "dark purple" means can take time. In short, "autistics can't read emotions" is overly simplistic and unhelpful. We can. Just not like you. |language=en |access-date=June 6, 2021}}</ref>
:.<ref>see Tammet, Daniel. 2006. "Born on a blue day." London: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.</ref>.
|-

|]

|Multiple

|b. 1943
* ], of ]. Multiple synesthesiae.
|United States
|Artist
{{quotation|"Tenberken had impaired vision almost from birth, but was able to make out faces and landscapes until she was 12. As a child in Germany, she had a particular predilection for colours, and loved painting, and when she was no longer able to decipher shapes and forms she could still use colours to identify objects. Tenberken has, indeed an intense synaesthesia.
|Co-founded the ].
"'As far back as I can remember,' she writes, 'numbers and words have instantly triggered colours in me ... number four, for example gold. Five is light green. Nine is vermillion... Days of week, as well as months, have their colours, too.' Her synaesthesia has persisted and been intensified, it seems, by her blindness"| From <ref>see also Tenberken, Sabriye. 2003/2000. ''My path leads to Tibet.'' New York: Arcade Publishing.</ref>}}
|<ref>{{cite journal|author=Steen, C.|year=2001|title=Visions Shared: A Firsthand Look into Synesthesia and Art|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/leonardo/v034/34.3steen.pdf|journal=Leonardo|publisher=MIT Press|volume=34|pages=203–208|doi=10.1162/002409401750286949|number=3|s2cid=57570552}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://synesthesia.info/|title=American Synesthesia Association Official website|date=November 19, 2010|publisher=American Synesthesia Association|access-date=January 14, 2011}}</ref>

|-

|]

|Unspecified
* ] (born September 22, 1961), composer. Multiple synesthesiae.
|b. 1979

|United Kingdom
: This claim is supported by Torke's numerous interviews with major synesthesia researchers.<ref>see Duffy, Patricia Lynne. 2001. ''Blue cats and chartreuse kittens: how synesthetes color their worlds.'' New York: Henry Holt.</ref>
|Author

|

|<ref>Tammet, Daniel. 2006. "Born on a Blue Day." London: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.</ref>

|-
* ] (born April 5, 1973), hip-hop producer and artist. Music → color.
|]

|Multiple
{{quotation|"It just always stuck out in my mind, and I could always see it. I don't know if that makes sense, but I could always visualize what I was hearing... Yeah, it was always like weird colors."| From a Nightline interview with Pharell }}
|b. 1987
|United States
|Singer
|
|<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/panic-at-the-discos-brendon-urie-band-is-outlet-for-nonchalant-chaos-188429/|title=Panic! at the Disco: Band Is 'Outlet for Nonchalant Chaos'|last1=Spanos|first1=Brittany |date=2016-01-15|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-12}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Multiple
|1989–2019
|Serbia
|Classical guitarist
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://classicalguitarmagazine.com/sabrina-vlaskalics-early-struggles-give-way-to-new-confidence/|website=classicalguitarmagazine.com|access-date=2019-12-20|title=Sabrina Vlaskalic's Early Struggles Give Way to New Confidence |date=31 May 2017 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Fivefold
|1886-1958
|Russian Empire/Soviet Union
|Journalist, mnemonist
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 19, 2014|last=du Plessis,First=Susan| title=Solomon Shereshevsky, the Unforgettable - Edublox Online Tutor &#124; Development, Reading, Writing, and Math Solutions |url=https://www.edubloxtutor.com/solomon-shereshevsky/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=October 8, 2019|last= MacDonald, First=Matthew| title=Memory Lessons from a Man Who Couldn't Forget |url=https://medium.com/young-coder/memory-lessons-from-a-man-who-couldnt-forget-4e5d9465d57e}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|1813–1883
|Germany
|Composer, theatre director, conductor
|
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|b. 1973
|United States
|Singer, rapper, songwriter, record producer, fashion designer
|
|<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
|-
|]
|Unspecified
|b. 1971
|Ireland
|Musician, record player, composer, remixer, DJ
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Synesthesia Digital Library {{!}} Famous Synesthetes : Richard D. James/Aphex Twin|url=http://sdl.granthazard.com/exhibits/show/famous-synesthetes/famous-synesthetes-closer-look/richard-d-james-aka-aphex-twin|access-date=2020-11-16|website=sdl.granthazard.com}}</ref><ref name=":3" />
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|b. 1957
|Germany
|Composer, music producer
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstshowing.net/2013/interview-man-of-steel-composer-hans-zimmer/|title=Interview: 'Man of Steel' Composer Hans Zimmer on Hearing Colors &#124; FirstShowing.net|date=June 13, 2013}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|1896-1979
|France
|Composer, pianist, organist
|
|<ref>{{cite book|last=Messiaen|first=Oliviertitle=Traité de rythme, de couleur, et d'ornithologie}}.</ref><ref>{{cite book| last=Bernard|first=Jonathan W. |year=1986|title="Messiaen's Synaesthesia: The Correspondence between Color and Sound Structure in His Music." |work=Music Perception |volume=4|pages=41–68}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite journal|last=Fink|first=Monika|year= 2003|title="Farb-Klänge und Klang-Farben im Werk von Olivier Messiaen". |journal=Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography. |volume=28 |issue=1–2 |pages=163–172 |issn=1522-7464}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|b. 1992
|United States
|Singer-songwriter, producer
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vmagazine.com/article/punk-pops-new-phenomenon-awsten-knight-of-waterparks/|title=Punk Pop's New Phenomenon: Awsten Knight of Waterparks|date=2021-05-18|website=www.vmagazine.com|language=en|access-date=2023-09-11}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|b. 1998
|Kenya
|Composer, sound artist
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://open.spotify.com/album/0R3VuNKmANik12r7ia7JP7|title=CHROMESTHESIA EP|date=2022-11-22|website=www.spotify.com|language=en|access-date=2024-02-23}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Sound to color
|b. 1983
|United States
|Musician
|
|-
|]
|Chromesthesia
|1962-2010
|United States
|Singer-Songwriter
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Do You Hear Music In Color?|url=https://www.petersteelerocks.com/fortheloveofpetesteele/2011/09/do-you-hear-music-in-color.html |website=Peter Steele Rocks |publisher=Estate of Peter Steele |access-date=21 December 2024}}</ref>
|}


== Pseudo-synesthetes == == Pseudo-synesthetes ==
* ] (6 January 1872 – 27 April 1915) probably was not a ], but, rather, was highly influenced by the French and Russian salon fashions. Most noticeably, Scriabin seems to have been strongly influenced by the writings and talks of the Russian mystic ], founder of the ] and author of such works as ] and ].<ref name="Dann1998">Dann, Kevin T. 1998. ''Bright Colors Falsely Seen: Synaesthesia and the Search for Transcendental Knowledge.'' New Haven and London: Yale University Press.</ref> The synesthetic motifs found in Scriabin's compositions – most noticeably in ''Prometheus'', composed in 1911 – are developed from ideas from ], and follow a ].<ref name="Dann1998" /><ref>B. M. Galeyev and I. L. Vanechkina (August 2001). . ''Leonardo''; Vol. 34, Issue 4, pp. 357 - 362.</ref><ref>Scriabin, Alexander. 1995(1911). ''"Poem of Ecstasy" and "Prometheus: Poem of Fire".'' New York: Dover.</ref>
*] may or may not have been a synesthete. He wrote a poem about vowels all having colours,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guggenheim.org/audio/track/about-vowels-by-arthur-rimbaud|title=About Vowels by Arthur Rimbaud|website=The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation}}</ref> but he might not have actually perceived ] in colour.


==References==
* ] (6 January 1872 – 27 April 1915) probably was not a ], but, rather, was highly influenced by the French and Russian salon fashions. Most noticeably, Scriabin seems to have been strongly influenced by the writings and talks of the Russian mystic, ], founder of the ] and author of such works as ] and ].<ref>Dann, Kevin T. 1998. ''Bright Colors Falsely Seen: Synaesthesia and the Search for Transcendental Knowledge.'' New Haven and London: Yale University Press.</ref> The synesthetic motifs found in Scriabin's compositions – most noticeably in ''Prometheus'', composed in 1911 – are developed off of ideas from ], and follow a ].<ref>Dann, Kevin T. 1998. ''Bright Colors Falsely Seen: Synaesthesia and the Search for Transcendental Knowledge.'' New Haven and London: Yale University Press.</ref><ref>B. M. Galeyev and I. L. Vanechkina (August 2001). . ''Leonardo''; Vol. 34, Issue 4, pp. 357 - 362.</ref><ref>Scriabin, Alexander. 1995(1911). ''"Poem of Ecstasy" and "Prometheus: Poem of Fire".'' New York: Dover.</ref>
{{reflist|35em}}

== Others proposed which are still under review: ==

* ] (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) , architect, claimed to hear music sometimes while designing buildings.
* ] (December 16, 1866 – December 13, 1944), painter
* ] (26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885), writer
* ] (December 21, 1905 - March 28, 2000), writer
* ] aka ] (born August 18, 1971), ] ] artist. Musical sounds and words → color.
* ] (born November 20, 1975), musician
* ] (born 1967), writer
* ] (born November 7, 1969), musician
* ] (January 6, 1946 - July 7, 2006), composer. Multiple synesthesiae.

== References ==
<references />


] ]
] ]

Latest revision as of 01:22, 21 December 2024

List of people with cross-wired senses This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (April 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

This is a list of notable people who have claimed to have the neurological condition synesthesia. Following that, there is a list of people who are often wrongly believed to have had synesthesia because they used it as a device in their art, poetry or music (referred to as pseudo-synesthetes).

Estimates of prevalence of synesthesia have ranged widely, from 1 in 4 to 1 in 25,000 – 100,000. However, most studies have relied on synesthetes reporting themselves, introducing self-referral bias.

Media outlets including Pitchfork have critically noted the considerable numbers of musical artists from the 2010s onwards claiming to be synesthetes, observing that "without literally testing every person who comes out in the press as a synesthete, it’s exceedingly difficult to tell who has it and who is lying through their teeth for cultural cachet" and that claims of experiencing synesthesia can be employed "as an express route to creative genius".

Synesthetes

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (May 2020)
Name Type Lifespan Country Profession Notes Source
Richard Feynman grapheme-colour 1918-1988 United States Physicist "When I see equations, I see the letters in colors. I don't know why. I see vague pictures of Bessel functions with light-tan j's, slightly violet-bluish n's, and dark brown x's flying around."
Frank Iero Chromesthesia b. 1981 United States Singer-songwriter, guitarist
Tilden Daken Multiple 1876-1935 United States Artist Painted to orchestral music.
Syd Barrett Multiple 1946-2006 United Kingdom Singer-songwriter, guitarist, artist
Vladimir Nabokov Grapheme-Color 1899-1977 Russia/United States/Switzerland Novelist, poet
Alessia Cara Multiple b. 1996 Canada Singer-songwriter
Beyoncé Chromesthesia b. 1981 United States Singer-songwriter, record producer, dancer, actress
Charli XCX Chromesthesia b. 1992 United Kingdom Singer-songwriter
Jennifer Cook O'Toole Multiple b. 1975 United States Author
Marilyn Monroe Taste to colour 1926-1962 United States Actress
Jack Coulter Chromesthesia b. 1994 United Kingdom Artist
Marina Diamandis Multiple b. 1985 United Kingdom Singer-songwriter
Patricia Lynne Duffy Unspecified b. 1952 United States Author Wrote Blue Cats and Chartreuse Kittens, the first book by a synesthete about synesthesia.

Co-founded the American Synesthesia Association.

Mary J. Blige Sound to colour b. 1971 United States Singer-songwriter, actress
Billie Eilish Multiple b. 2001 United States Singer-songwriter
Kanye West Multiple b. 1977 United States Rapper, singer-songwriter, record producer, fashion designer
Nikola Tesla Chromesthesia 1856–1943 Austria/United States Inventor
Eves Karydas Chromesthesia b. 1994 Australia Singer-songwriter
Duke Ellington Chromesthesia 1899–1974 United States Composer, pianist, bandleader
David Hockney Chromesthesia b. 1937 United Kingdom Artist, stage designer, photographer
Greg Jarvis Sound to shape b. 1944 Canada Musician Founded the Canadian Synesthesia Association.
Ramin Djawadi Chromesthesia b. 1974 Germany Score composer
Billy Joel Multiple b. 1949 United States Singer-songwriter, composer, pianist
Bloem de Ligny Multiple b. 1978 Netherlands Singer
Franz Liszt Sound to color 1811–1886 Hungary Composer, pianist
Lorde Sound to color b. 1996 New Zealand Singer-songwriter
Adi Meyerson Unspecified b. 1991 United States Composer, Double Bassist
Olivia Rodrigo Sound to colour b. 2003 United States Singer-songwriter
Tori Amos Sound to color b. 1963 United States Singer-songwriter
Ida Maria Sound to color b. 1984 Norway Singer-songwriter
Marian McPartland Sound to color 1918–2013 United Kingdom/United States Jazz pianist
Bea Miller Sound to color b. 1999 United States Singer-songwriter, actress
Stephanie Morgenstern Multiple b. 1965 Canada Actress, filmmaker
Finneas O'Connell Multiple b. 1997 United States Musician, record producer, actor
Frank Ocean Sound to color b. 1987 United States Singer-songwriter, producer, artist Released Channel Orange in 2012, an album themed around his own synesthesia
Adil Omar Multiple b. 1991 Pakistan Singer-songwriter, record producer
Andy Partridge Multiple b. 1953 United Kingdom Singer-songwriter, musician
Itzhak Perlman Sound to shape b. 1945 Israel/United States Violinist, conductor, music teacher
Jon Poole Sound to color b. 1969 United Kingdom Musician
Osmo Tapio Räihälä Shape to sound b. 1964 Finland Composer
Maggie Rogers Sound to color b. 1994 United States Singer-songwriter, record producer
Jean Sibelius Unspecified 1865–1957 Finland Composer, violinist
Holly Smale Emotions to color b. 1981 United Kingdom Writer
Carol Steen Multiple b. 1943 United States Artist Co-founded the American Synesthesia Association.
Daniel Tammet Unspecified b. 1979 United Kingdom Author
Brendon Urie Multiple b. 1987 United States Singer
Sabrina Vlaškalić Multiple 1989–2019 Serbia Classical guitarist
Solomon Shereshevsky Fivefold 1886-1958 Russian Empire/Soviet Union Journalist, mnemonist
Richard Wagner Sound to color 1813–1883 Germany Composer, theatre director, conductor
Pharrell Williams Sound to color b. 1973 United States Singer, rapper, songwriter, record producer, fashion designer
Richard David James Unspecified b. 1971 Ireland Musician, record player, composer, remixer, DJ
Hans Zimmer Chromesthesia b. 1957 Germany Composer, music producer
Olivier Messiaen Chromesthesia 1896-1979 France Composer, pianist, organist

Awsten Knight Sound to color b. 1992 United States Singer-songwriter, producer
Nyokabi Kariûki Chromesthesia b. 1998 Kenya Composer, sound artist
J57 (rapper) Sound to color b. 1983 United States Musician
Peter Steele Chromesthesia 1962-2010 United States Singer-Songwriter

Pseudo-synesthetes

  • Alexander Scriabin (6 January 1872 – 27 April 1915) probably was not a synesthete, but, rather, was highly influenced by the French and Russian salon fashions. Most noticeably, Scriabin seems to have been strongly influenced by the writings and talks of the Russian mystic Helena P. Blavatsky, founder of the Theosophical Society and author of such works as Isis Unveiled and The Secret Doctrine. The synesthetic motifs found in Scriabin's compositions – most noticeably in Prometheus, composed in 1911 – are developed from ideas from Isaac Newton, and follow a circle of fifths.
  • Arthur Rimbaud may or may not have been a synesthete. He wrote a poem about vowels all having colours, but he might not have actually perceived graphemes in colour.

References

  1. Simner, Julia; Hubbard, Edward M., eds. (2013). "A brief history of synesthesia research". Oxford Handbook of Synesthesia. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 13–17. ISBN 978-0-19-960332-9. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
  2. "What the Hell is Synesthesia and Why Does Every Musician Seem to Have It?". Pitchfork. 31 January 2014.
  3. "Colourful language: U of T psychologists discover enhanced language learning in synesthetes". University of Toronto News. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
  4. "FRANK IERO // Get Yourself Out of Your Comfort Zone at All Times!". 27 May 2019.
  5. ""Tilden Dakin Says He Can Paint Music."". Los Angeles Times. December 16, 1923.
  6. ""Music Can Be Interpreted in Oils, Says Artist."". Ohio Chronicle Telegram. December 17, 1923.
  7. Hupé, Jean-Michel (2020). "An Introduction to Synesthesia via Vladimir Nabokov". The Five Senses in Nabokov's Works. Springer International Publishing. pp. 241–254. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45406-7_15. ISBN 978-3-030-45405-0. S2CID 226758119.
  8. "Alessia Cara Discusses Having Synesthesia". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-19.
  9. "Alessia Cara talks about her synaesthesia". PopBuzz. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  10. Webb, Katherine (June 23, 2018). "The Craziest things you didn't know about Beyoncé". Archived from the original on March 7, 2021. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
  11. Kosowan, Gene (January 14, 2020). "These 10 Musicians & Artists Who Claim To Have Synesthesia".
  12. "I see music, says Beyoncé as she releases new album and 17 videos". December 13, 2013.
  13. "Does Synesthesia Make You More Creative? | Studio 360". WNYC.
  14. Savage, Mark (12 December 2013). "BBC News - Charli XCX: Pop, punk and synaesthesia". BBC News.
  15. Cook O'Toole, Jennifer (4 December 2018). Autism in Heels: The Untold Story of a Female Life on the Spectrum. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781510732858.
  16. "Marilyn: A Proto-Synaesthete? « ES Updates". September 2017.
  17. "I Have Something in Common with Marilyn Monroe—and You Might, Too". The New Yorker. 31 August 2017.
  18. "How to know if you have synesthesia". 25 January 2018.
  19. "Synesthesia artist Jack Coulter creates 'musical painting' of Glastonbury". Independent.co.uk. 20 June 2016.
  20. McNamara, Brittney (13 September 2017). "This Is What It's Like to Be Able to HEAR Color". Teen Vogue. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  21. "Trust Your Gut: An Interview With Marina and the Diamonds". Rookie. 25 February 2015.
  22. Lancaster, Brodie (2015-02-24). "Rookie » Trust Your Gut: An Interview With Marina and the Diamonds". www.rookiemag.com. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  23. Duffy, Patricia Lynne (2011-04-01). Blue Cats and Chartreuse Kittens: How Synesthetes Color Their Worlds. Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 9781429928274.
  24. "Meet the Famous Musicians with Synaesthesia, A Condition That Means You Hear Colours". NME. 27 October 2015.
  25. Strick, Katie (2020-01-28). "Synaesthesia: a superpower I share with Billie Eilish". www.standard.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  26. ^ "What the Hell Is Synesthesia and Why Does Every Musician Seem to Have It?". www.pitchfork.com. 31 January 2014. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
  27. Sblendorio, Peter (19 May 2016). "SEE/HEAR IT: Kanye West sounds off on his synesthesia, the ability to see sounds, in latest rant on 'Ellen'". nydailynews.com. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  28. "Nikola Tesla, A Trailblazer in Science". Futurism.
  29. "Eves Karydas | Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  30. "Interview: Eves Karydas (AUS) talks VANFEST, synaesthesia and working on her new album". The AU Review. 2019-04-07. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  31. "Synesthesia Digital Library | Famous Synesthetes : Duke Ellington". sdl.granthazard.com. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  32. see Cytowic, Richard E. 2002. Synaesthesia: a Union of the Senses. Second edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
  33. Everett-Green, Robert (Dec 3, 2010). "For Musician With Synaethesia, The Cello Can Sound Too Fury. Or Too Red". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  34. "Life with synesthesia: Toronto man who can see sounds shares his story". Archived 2015-12-08 at the Wayback Machine January 28th 2015, Metro – Toronto Edition.
  35. "For musician with synesthesia, the cello can sound too furry. Or too red". Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  36. Renfro, Kim (July 7, 2016). "Meet the musical genius behind the 'Game of Thrones' soundtrack who watches each season before anyone else". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 31, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
  37. ^ MITCHELL, KEVIN J. (2018). Innate: How the Wiring of Our Brains Shapes Who We Are. Princeton University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctvc77m71. ISBN 978-0-691-17388-7. JSTOR j.ctvc77m71. S2CID 240016216.
  38. ^ Seaberg, Maureen. Tasting the Universe.
  39. @bloomdewilde (26 July 2019). "I have this thing called synaesthesia, which means all my senses are delightfully intertwined. Colours numbers soun…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  40. Cytowic, Richard E. (2009). Wednesday is indigo blue : discovering the brain of synesthesia. Eagleman, David. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-262-25483-0. OCLC 317116544.
  41. Liu, Annie (Yen-Ling) (2013). "Listening as Gazing: Synaesthesia and the Double Apotheosis in Franz Liszt's "Hunnenschlacht"". Studia Musicologica. 54 (4): 379–388. doi:10.1556/SMus.54.2013.4.4. ISSN 1788-6244. JSTOR 43289733.
  42. "Lorde Talks Curly Hair, Synesthesia & Wanting to be a Comedian in Tumblr Chat". Music Times. 2015-10-17. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  43. "Lorde explains exactly how synaesthesia works". NZ Herald. 12 May 2017.
  44. "Adi Meyerson on taking inspiration from avant garde artist Yayoi Kusama and processing synesthesia through bass". Guitar World. December 10, 2021. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 9, 2024.
  45. "Rising Star: Bassist Adi Meyerson". New Jersey Jazz Society. October 31, 2022. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 9, 2024.
  46. "Olivia Rodrigo Says She Has 'Baby Synesthesia,' Which Makes Her 'See Colors' when She Hears Music".
  47. "Olivia Rodrigo reveals she has 'minor synesthesia'". Independent.co.uk. 13 May 2022.
  48. "Olivia Rodrigo, 19, reveals secret health battle affecting her brain". 13 May 2022.
  49. "9 Famous Artists Who Have Synesthesia and How It Affected Them". 26 October 2019.
  50. "Ida Maria". The List. 2008-05-22. Retrieved 2020-03-17.
  51. "Ida Maria: Seeing Red". NPR.org. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
  52. Hasson, Claire. A Discussion Of Marian McPartland's Style Archived 2009-07-23 at the Wayback Machine in Marian McPartland: Jazz Pianist: An Overview of a Career
  53. Kelley, Caitlin (2017-10-10). "Takeover Tuesday: Bea Miller Paints Things 'Yellow' With Upbeat EP-Inspired Playlist". www.billboard.com. Retrieved 2020-03-17.
  54. see Raskin, Richard. 2003. An interview with Stephanie Morgenstern and Mark Ellis on Remembrance. P.O.V., A Danish Journal of Film Studies; number 15 (March): 170-184.
  55. Sytsma, Alan; restaurants, food editor at New York Magazine who has been covering; Since 2006, The Way We Eat (10 July 2012). "On Frank Ocean, Channel Orange, and Taste Synesthesia". Grub Street. {{cite web}}: |first2= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  56. "Why we need to talk about Adil Omar". 21 July 2018.
  57. Montagna, John (10 February 2018). "A Prediction: "This Is Pop" Will Pull in New Fans for XTC". Culture Sonar. Retrieved 10 October 2020. We learn about own synesthesia.
  58. Sheppard, Amanda (22 May 2019). "Q: WHAT DO YOU CALL THAT NOISE? A: XTC!". Please Kill Me. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  59. Looker, Charlie (17 September 2023). "Last Things Live Stream with Kavus Torabi". YouTube. Event occurs at 2:15:33.
  60. http://www.sikorski.de/media/files/1/13/27/10031/sikorski_magazin_4_2015.pdf Archived 2017-01-18 at the Wayback Machine
  61. "Pharrell Williams Masterclass with Students at NYU Clive Davis Institute". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-19.
  62. Smale, Holly (June 6, 2021). "Finally, the way we process emotions can vary. I have synaesthesia, so I often read emotions as colours. Trying to work out what "dark purple" means can take time. In short, "autistics can't read emotions" is overly simplistic and unhelpful. We can. Just not like you" (Tweet). Retrieved June 6, 2021 – via Twitter.
  63. Steen, C. (2001). "Visions Shared: A Firsthand Look into Synesthesia and Art" (PDF). Leonardo. 34 (3). MIT Press: 203–208. doi:10.1162/002409401750286949. S2CID 57570552.
  64. "American Synesthesia Association Official website". American Synesthesia Association. November 19, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2011.
  65. Tammet, Daniel. 2006. "Born on a Blue Day." London: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.
  66. Spanos, Brittany (2016-01-15). "Panic! at the Disco: Band Is 'Outlet for Nonchalant Chaos'". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  67. "Sabrina Vlaskalic's Early Struggles Give Way to New Confidence". classicalguitarmagazine.com. 31 May 2017. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  68. du Plessis,First=Susan (December 19, 2014). "Solomon Shereshevsky, the Unforgettable - Edublox Online Tutor | Development, Reading, Writing, and Math Solutions".
  69. MacDonald, First=Matthew (October 8, 2019). "Memory Lessons from a Man Who Couldn't Forget".
  70. "Synesthesia Digital Library | Famous Synesthetes : Richard D. James/Aphex Twin". sdl.granthazard.com. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
  71. "Interview: 'Man of Steel' Composer Hans Zimmer on Hearing Colors | FirstShowing.net". June 13, 2013.
  72. Messiaen, Oliviertitle=Traité de rythme, de couleur, et d'ornithologie. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).
  73. Bernard, Jonathan W. (1986). "Messiaen's Synaesthesia: The Correspondence between Color and Sound Structure in His Music.". Vol. 4. pp. 41–68. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  74. Fink, Monika (2003). ""Farb-Klänge und Klang-Farben im Werk von Olivier Messiaen"". Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography. 28 (1–2): 163–172. ISSN 1522-7464.
  75. "Punk Pop's New Phenomenon: Awsten Knight of Waterparks". www.vmagazine.com. 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
  76. "CHROMESTHESIA EP". www.spotify.com. 2022-11-22. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
  77. "Do You Hear Music In Color?". Peter Steele Rocks. Estate of Peter Steele. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
  78. ^ Dann, Kevin T. 1998. Bright Colors Falsely Seen: Synaesthesia and the Search for Transcendental Knowledge. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
  79. B. M. Galeyev and I. L. Vanechkina (August 2001). "Was Scriabin a Synesthete?". Leonardo; Vol. 34, Issue 4, pp. 357 - 362.
  80. Scriabin, Alexander. 1995(1911). "Poem of Ecstasy" and "Prometheus: Poem of Fire". New York: Dover.
  81. "About Vowels by Arthur Rimbaud". The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation.
Categories: